SIPPIN’, DIPPIN’ AND TRIPPIN’:

EMERGING TRENDS IN YOUTH

SUBSTANCE USE

Cecily M. Watkins, MPH, CHES,CPS

LRADAC

Prevention Specialist

LRADAC

LRADAC cares for the needs of the

citizens of Lexington and Richland

Counties of South Carolina. We offer a

wide array of prevention, intervention and

treatment programs in locations

convenient to residents of both counties. Detox, Adult, Adolescent, Dual –Diagnosis

Outpatient

Prevention, Community Resource Center

ABOUT US

Provide prevention, intervention, and treatment

services

Serve approx 4,500 clients each year

COMMUNITY RESOURCE CENTER

Lending Library

• DVD's and Videos for loan

• Displays and prevention materials

• Brochures/Posters

• Fact sheets

• Research materials

• Visit www.lradac.org/community-

resource-center

Underage Drinking:

Why Worry?

Youth who drink before the age of 15 are four

times more likely to develop alcohol

dependence and 2½ times more likely to

become alcohol abusers than those who wait

until age 21.

Source: Grant, B.F., & Dawson, D.A. (1997). Age at onset of alcohol use and its association with DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence: Results from the National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey. Journal of Substance Abuse 9: 103-110.

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2013 MONITORING OUR FUTURE

SURVEY

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Reported getting drunk in the past month:

8TH GRADE

3.5%

10TH GRADE

12.8%

12TH GRADE

26%

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Adolescents & Alcohol Use

Because of the changes occurring in the brain during the teen years, alcohol affects teenagers and adults differently. It appears to produce bigger impairments in learning and more widespread brain damage in adolescents than in adults.

Repeated alcohol use might alter the path of the developing adolescent brain.

ALCOHOL

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WHAT HAS CHANGED…

What kids drink (potency)

How much kids drink

Frequency of drinking

Age of initiation

Availability

Definition of a “drink”

Parental/adult supervision

New Container Sizes Encourage

Greater Consumption

Today, beer is sold in 12, 22, 32,

40 & 60 oz. containers

New sizing = confusion about what is really “a drink”

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HEALTH THREAT

Cheap

Sweet flavors (soda, fruity)

Confusing/deceptive packaging (high

alcohol content, large can)

BINGE DRINKING IN A CAN

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FOUR LOKO ON FACEBOOK

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BLAST BY COLT 45

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YOUNG – HIP - COOL

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SMIRNOFF

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SMIRNOFF VODKA FLAVORS

Iced Cake

Kissed Caramel

Root Beer Float

Raspberry

Watermelon

Pineapple

Mango

Peach

Cherry Lime

Vanilla 19

STASH

REEF DRAM

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HIDDEN AGENDA

A CHEAP STASH CONTAINER

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MARIJUANA

NATURAL? Withdrawal

Depression

Tired

Not caring about appearance

Hostile – Intense Anger

Loss Relationships

Alters the heart rate

Can lead to anxiety and panic attacks

Can cause paranoia and lethargy

OTHER DRUGS

Research shows those who use

marijuana are more likely to try

stronger drugs like crack,

cocaine.

WHAT’S THE PROBLEM? Perceptions more intense

Time and space distortions

Diminished short-term memory

Inability to pay attention and concentrate

Diminished reflexes

Problems with coordination

Impaired ability to perform complex tasks

Difficulty operating machinery, including

driving a car

MARIJUANA USE INCREASING

According to the 2013 Monitoring Our Future

Survey, Adolescent reported marijuana use in

last 30 days:

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8th graders 7%

10th graders 18%

12th graders 22.7%

THE EMERGENCE OF SYNTHETIC DRUGS

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HISTORY

Clemson Laboratory

– 1995 Clemson researcher discovered a

way to synthesize THC to restore

appetite to chemotherapy patients

– Compound first disclosed in a research

paper in 1998

– Other labs have created their own

synthetic cannabinoids

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INCENSE

Individuals are spraying the compound into

organic, ingestible substance and packaging it for

sell as incense, plant food, glass cleaner

May be marketed as “herbal incense”

Most often marked “not for human consumption”

Comes in variety of flavors

Unregulated mix of dried herbs and flowers

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K2

•The combination looks like crushed

potpourri.

•Blends are traditionally burned in

incense pots; however, users roll the K2

incense in wrappers to make joints, or

they smoke it in pipes.

•When smoked, K2 delivers a high

similar to that of marijuana.

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WHAT DOES IT LOOK LIKE?

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CHALLENGES

“K2” does not show up on typical drug tests

No research on long-term effects of “K2”

As it becomes illegal in states, manufacturers are

changing ingredients to make it legal.

Sold in head shops and convenience stores

Shown on “You Tube” as a how to guide

Easily ordered on internet

Can be purchased by any age

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DRUG TEST

Many different chemicals to test for

so test would have to be

comprehensive. Ex. HU-210, JWH-

018, WH-173

New test has been developed, but not

widely used yet.

Expensive and may not cover all the

chemicals. 37

NATIONAL POISON CONTROL:

SYNTHETIC MARIJUANA (K2)

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Year Number of

Calls

2010 2,906

2011 6,959

2012 5,205

2013 2,639

SIDE EFFECTS

Reported side effects are hallucinations, agitation, elevated heart rate, elevated blood pressure, vomiting, and seizures. Evidence shows that K2 has the potential to damage the lungs, brain, heart, and other vital organs. Very negative psychotropic experiences.

The developer says the effects are considerably more potent than marijuana. He discourages the use as there is no research on the effects on humans.

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BAN

Synthetic Drug Abuse Prevention Act of

2012. The legislation bans synthetic compounds

commonly found in synthetic marijuana ("K2"or

"Spice"), synthetic stimulants ("bath salts“), and

hallucinogens, by placing them under Schedule I

of the Controlled Substances Act.

April 2, 2012 South Carolina Bill(H3137) signed

by the Governor banning a comprehensive list of

synthetic compounds. Also those mimicking these

compounds.

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MANY BRANDS, MANY FLAVORS. BEWARE

OF “HERBAL INCENSE”

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OPERATION LOG JAM JULY 2012

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DEA NEWS: Nationwide Synthetic Drug Takedown 19 million packets of synthetic drugs seized and $36 million in cash

WASHINGTON – More than 90 individuals were arrested and more than five million packets of finished designer synthetic drugs were seized in the first-ever nationwide law enforcement action against the synthetic designer drug industry responsible for the production and sale of synthetic drugs that are often marketed as bath salts, Spice, incense, or plant food. More than $36 million in cash was also seized.

MOLLY

Powder or crystal form of MDMA, a chemical

used in Ecstasy

Considered to be pure unlike Ecstasy which can

be laced with caffeine or methamphetamine.

A whitish/yellowish powder, sold loose in packets,

packed into clear capsules or pressed into tablet

form.

Inhaled or eaten

Users 20’s-40’s

Experience a sudden rush of energy and elation

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MOLLY SIDE EFFECTS

Confusion

Anxiety

Paranoia

Insomnia

Drug cravings

Loss of Inhibitions

Fever/chills/sweating

Hypothermia

Seizures

Increase blood pressure or heart rate 44

MOLLY

Popular at music festivals and concerts

Included in songs by main stream artist like

Miley Cyrus, Kanye West, Rick Ross, Rihanna,

Katy Perry, and Kesha.

2013 Labor Day music festival 20 year old

woman and 23 year old man died after taking

Molly. Four others were critically ill.

A 19 year old died that same weekend in Wash,

DC rave concert after taking Molly.

The number of emergency room visits continues

to increase. 45

E CIGARETTES

E-cigs contain nicotine which is highly addictive

E-cigs are not regulated by FDA-include

chemicals and additives

Because they are able to use it more places, use

more often.

Flavors including bubble gum, mountain dew,

cap’n crunch, etc.

In just one year, e-cigarette use doubled among

high school and middle school students, and 1 in

10 high school students have used an e-cigarette.

Altogether, 1.78 million middle and high school

students nationwide use e-cigarettes 46

HOOKAH

From Middle Eastern Culture

A vase or pipe partially filled with water.

A hose with a mouthpiece through which smoke

is drawn.

Smoking sessions last 45-60 minutes can lasts

several hours.

Made popular because of the availability of

flavored tobacco. Hookah bars and cafes.

Not safer as perceived- high concentrations of

carbon monoxide, nicotine, tar, and heavy metals.

The mouthpiece is often shared and not cleaned. 47

WE ARE HERE FOR YOU Provide prevention, intervention, and treatment

services

Serve approx 4,500 clients each year

THANKS!!

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