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SMART HABITAT – A NEW CONCEPT

Dr K M Soni, Chief Engineer, WZ- I, CPWD, Mumbai

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SMART HABITAT AND SMART INFRASTUCTURE

• Smart Infrastructure encompasses networked infrastructure using sensors and ICT for sustainability. It includes e based;

• Education: e-learning - digital • Community: online – real world• Business: service - customers• Health• Governance• Traffic • People • Habitat

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Basic requirements of SMART AND SUSTAINABLE INFRASTUCTURE-I

• Hardware• Fibre optic cable• Satellite• Wi-fi• Continuous sustainable electrical energy

and• Smart construction, maintenance &

operation arrangements of the house

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Basic requirements of SMART AND SUSTAINABLE INFRASTUCTURE-II

• Smart environment• Smart economy• Smart infrastructure• Smart habitat• Smart Transportation• Smart utility services; communication, power supply,

water, solid waste• Smart social infrastructure; healthcare, social welfare,

culture, education• Smart community• Smart governance• Smart citizens• Smart Law & order

SMART HABITAT• Smart or sometimes referred as intelligent

habitat is one that is able to offer a self adaptive system to ensure the comfort of the occupants.

• Self adaptive system is important for survival of the occupant thus a smart or intelligent home should be able to enhance not only the comfort but also the survival of the occupants.

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SMART HABITATWith internet of things (IoT) in advanced stage, smart habitat is defined as a habitat in which the tools, equipment, devices and appliances are connected through internet for operations as these have become the part of comfort and it is presumed that such comfortable conditions will make the life easy and enjoyable required for the survival.

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SMART HABITAT• Connecting all the utilities– To make life comfortable

• Connecting all the devices/equipment through wi-fi system– To make life happier

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SMART HABITATSo finally in brief, a smart home is one that provides comfort and convenience at all times, whether someone is at home or outside which in turn includes security and energy efficiency.

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REQUIREMENTS OF SMART HABITAT

A smart home will require;• smart appliances, • smart equipment/devices, • smart services and • smart governance. Since everything will be internet based, impact of

internet will be in business, entertainment, traffic, education, communication, medical, health and also on day to day activities including maintenance of home and appliances.

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OBJECTIVES OF SMART HOMES

• Optimization of inhabitant productivity• Minimizing operating costs• Simplifying use of technologies• Ensuring energy efficiency and security• Enhancing accessibility and• Improving comforts/quality of living• Demand response management Main objective of smart home is COMFORT

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COMFORTComfort in terms of;• devices and their operation through information

and communication technology (ICT)• safety • easy operation/convenience • efficient heat, ventilation & energy and • cultural harmony. Actually new concept of smart home is based on ICT

and personal autonomy.

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PERSONAL AUTONOMYPersonal autonomy should have two basic

concepts; • being able to communicate to others• able to control its medium of life.

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COMMUNICATIONIn fact communication in smart habitat also plays

a very important role in three aspects;• communication between person to system, • between system to system and • then system to person through controls at different levels. In first

communication, habitat is a primary controller while in second, it is joint control and in the third control is by the system.

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SMART HOMESmart home will have;• Comfortable home temperature, • Comfortable audio level of audio-video equipment, • Desired light flux level etc • All the equipment remotely controlled i.e. wireless

connectivity. • Smart safety equipment• Smart accessThus one will have smart and comfortable environment

as per his or her choice.15IBC-16, DELHI

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www. greenpack.com

COMFORT CONDITIONS• But then there is a catch; a family may have different

comfort requirements living in same habitat and such human interface may not necessarily be implementable.

• One may have choice for seeing a movie at a particular time and can program a television and thus it would automatically switch over to that particular programme but in case other member wants to view some other program in same television, it may have problems hence human interface cannot be avoided though similar conditions may exist in homes which are not smart. 18IBC-16, DELHI

Privacy, safety and health• It also needs to be understood that with the

wireless equipment in place, every activity of the home can be monitored from a distance and thus privacy and safety issues may also crop up.

• Health issue due to radiation

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ISSUES IN SMART DEVICES/EQUIPMENT

• Replacement of equipment• Compatibility• Replacement on change of technology• Cost involved in procurement and

operation/maintenance

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CONNECTIVITY ISSUESThen there may be different types of services and equipment, and they need to be interconnected and programmed, and such the task may not be very easy. Once, the conditions change, one may need reprogramming the utilities and complete system making it very expensive.

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SMART DEVICES/EQUIPMENT

• Smart homes will have smart meters for electricity, gas, or water consumption able to communicate the information back to the consumers almost even on real time basis.

• Smart household equipment• Smart building components

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SMART CARDS• All services are likely to be through smart

cards• So one should be ready to pay in advance• Services will not be available who has no

affordability to pay in advance

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Smart equipment/devices• In a smart house, theoretically all the equipment and

devices should be smart for the compatibility. Thus old wired equipment and devices will become obsolete.

• In the beginning there may be some equipment and devices which can be run through sensors but ultimately smart equipment and devices would be required for compatibility. Thus smart homes indirectly will force you to procure all the equipment and devices as per the compatibility i.e. smart devices and equipment.

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Smart equipment/devices• In future, ICT companies may have tie up

with other companies manufacturing such equipment and devices or they themselves start manufacturing them.

• It is also possible that AMC of the smart system will be in the hands of ICT companies, the cost of which will be decided by them

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SMART GOVERNANCE• To make services and city smart, smart governance

will be a basic requirement • Smart governance is about the decision making and

management of the public services with efficiency, community leadership, continuous improvement, innovation, and efficient technological services.

• Thus smart governance will include smart leadership that is bold, initiative bearing, willing and able to take hard decisions like raising and recovering cost of services, implement reforms in governance, prevent unauthorized constructions besides removing encroachments and take on mafia. 27IBC-16, DELHI

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Advantages of smart homes

(www.propertyscam.in)

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Government has already identified cities for making them smart. Smart infrastructure will be created in such cities. Where, new smart cities (redevelopment and greenfield development) are being developed, concept of smart infrastructure and smart habitat can be followed.

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Developing city

Mobile City

Smart City

electronic City

Smart Cities Development

(Internet of Things)

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Then we are to define “smart” based on Indian conditions else many may think after few years whether “smart” is a myth and is only for publicity and business.

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Make your home smart• Wi-fi thermostat with remote sensor • Smart starter kit for smart lighting• Carbon di-oxide/carbon mono oxide detector • A bluetooth speaker • Wi-fi sound system • Wi-fi security camera • Smart switching device

• Robotic vacuum cleaner

• Smart lock • Smart door bell• Smart home control device • ----- ,and ensure• Construction and maintenance of your home is smart

CONCLUSIONS• Smart homes will make entry with smart cities• Initially smart homes will be for elite class• Smart homes have advantages of comforts• Smart homes due to wireless technology may have

some side effects• Smart homes will require compatible smart appliances• Smart homes should not be limited to inside area of

compound wall but should be integrated with smart infrastructure of the city-smart city.

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