social reform #7 early civil rights movement african americans were still fighting for basic rights...
TRANSCRIPT
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Social Reform #7
Early Civil Rights MovementAfrican Americans were still fighting for basic rights guaranteed to them in the Constitution
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Problems African Americans Faced
• Voter Restrictions– Poll Tax – Pay a fee to vote
– Literacy Test – prove you could read & write to vote
– Grandfather Clause – exempts a group of people from obeying a law provided they met certain conditions before law was passed
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Problems African Americans Faced
• Jim Crow Laws – System of laws that segregated public services by race
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Problems African Americans Faced
• Plessy v. Ferguson – “Separate but Equal” (1896)– Supreme Court ruled
against Homer Plessy saying segregation was legal as long as separate facilities were equal
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Problems African Americans Faced
• Lynching – mob’s illegal seizure & execution of a person, usually by hanging
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African American Leaders
• Booker T. Washington – encouraged African Americans to become educated & learn a trade
• Wanted to work slowly and diligently towards rights – nothing radical
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African American Leaders
• W.E.B. DuBois – encouraged Top 10% of African Americans to attend college & become leaders;
Also started the N.A.A.C.P.
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African American Leaders
• NAACP – National Association for the Advancement of Colored People–Worked through courts to gain
equal rights for African Am.
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Our Progressive Presidents
Theodore Roosevelt
• Republican• Youngest President• Took office after
McKinley was assassinated
• BIG PERSONALITY
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What Does TR Do?
• Led fight to dissolve 40 monopolies and became known as “trust buster“
• Promised a “Square Deal" or a fair shake for the average citizen – it includes:– regulation of railroad rates and pure
foods and drugs. – promotion of the conservation
movement, emphasizing efficient use of natural resources.
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William Howard Taft
• Republican• Promised to
continue TR’s ideas• Tried but lacked
TR’s energy
Our Progressive Presidents
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William Taft• Initiated 80 antitrust suits (more than
TR!)• Established the Interstate Commerce
Commission to set railroad rates• Submitted to the states amendments
for a Federal income tax and the direct election of Senators
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1912 Election
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Woodrow Wilson• Anti-trust legislation
established a Federal Trade Commission to prohibit unfair business practices.
• Laws prohibiting child labor; another limited railroad workers to an eight-hour day.
Our Progressive Presidents