speak write (k 8)

Hanadi Mirza [email protected] Mirza [email protected]

DEVELOPINGDEVELOPING

Speaking & Writing SkillsSpeaking & Writing Skills

For Young Learners For Young Learners

(k-8)(k-8)


Language SkillsLanguage Skills

Receptive SkillsReceptive Skills

Productive SkillsProductive Skills


Language Skills DevelopmentLanguage Skills Development

LL ListeningListening

SS SpeakingSpeaking

RR ReadingReading

WW WritingWriting


What Do Learners Need?What Do Learners Need?

Variety of Activities (5-10 min each)Variety of Activities (5-10 min each) Movement Movement Play / Games Play / Games Breaks (4 Rs)Breaks (4 Rs) Drama/ ImitationDrama/ Imitation Songs Songs Dance/ Follow patternsDance/ Follow patterns Positive Environment Positive Environment Safe + Low Anxiety (Affective Filter)Safe + Low Anxiety (Affective Filter) Listening & Speaking (Ease at acquiring Lang.) Listening & Speaking (Ease at acquiring Lang.) Literacy Literacy Reading & Writing Reading & Writing


1.1- Communicate with others observing rules 1.1- Communicate with others observing rules appropriate to own levelappropriate to own level NCERD NCERD

KG 1 (3 yr)KG 1 (3 yr) KG 2 (4 yr)KG 2 (4 yr) KG 3 (5 yr)KG 3 (5 yr)

-Listen to what is -Listen to what is heard.-Apply some heard.-Apply some instructions given instructions given by others.-Express by others.-Express needs with various needs with various methods.-methods.-Express Express what he himself is what he himself is doing.-doing.-Take Take initiative in initiative in speaking to speaking to others.others.

Listen to what is Listen to what is heard. Apply heard. Apply instructions given by instructions given by others. Express needs others. Express needs with various methods. with various methods. ExpressExpress what he/she what he/she or others are doingor others are doing.-.-Apply rules of Apply rules of communication during communication during dialog. Takedialog. Take initiative initiative in speakingin speaking

Listen to what is Listen to what is heard.-Follow heard.-Follow instructions &interact instructions &interact with the urgings of with the urgings of others -Express needs others -Express needs with various methods.-with various methods.-Express what he or Express what he or others are doingothers are doing.-Apply .-Apply rules of communication rules of communication during dialog during dialog Take Take initiative in speaking initiative in speaking and discussing with and discussing with others .others .


Speaking SkillSpeaking Skill

What do we say?What do we say?

Why Speak?Why Speak?


Problems with SpeakingProblems with Speaking

KGsKGs

Cycle 1Cycle 1

Cycle 2Cycle 2

Cycle 3Cycle 3


Spoken LanguageSpoken Language

Monolog = lecture radio news,…Monolog = lecture radio news,…- Dialog = interpersonal or transactional- Dialog = interpersonal or transactional Fluency versus Accuracy Fluency versus Accuracy

Fluency: Fluency: NOT speed NOT speed ability to express one’s ideas logically ability to express one’s ideas logically Accuracy:Accuracy: worry about Grammar A worry about Grammar AND ND

Pronunciation mistakesPronunciation mistakes


IMPORTANTIMPORTANT

Pronunciation --- SpeakingPronunciation --- Speaking

Spelling --- Writing Spelling --- Writing


Correcting PronunciationCorrecting Pronunciation

Use Use Simplified PhoneticsSimplified Phonetics ] ]

peoplepeople [pyp[pypəəl]l] personspersons

JordanJordan [djord[djordəən]n] CountryCountry

ScheduleSchedule [skedjouw[skedjouwəəll]]

Time tableTime table


Correcting Grammar MistakesCorrecting Grammar Mistakes

Revisit a point in grammarRevisit a point in grammar Eg. He? She? Or It?Eg. He? She? Or It?

Ex 1:Ex 1: Use pictures of different people, animals, things, Use pictures of different people, animals, things, places, ….: places, ….:

Ex. 2:Ex. 2: Tom is a little boy. _____ goes to school everyday, Tom is a little boy. _____ goes to school everyday, and _____ likes to study with his friend Carl. His sister and _____ likes to study with his friend Carl. His sister plays the piano and _____likes to play with her little plays the piano and _____likes to play with her little dog. _____ is her favorite friend. dog. _____ is her favorite friend.

Ex. 3:Ex. 3: Monolog or Dialog Monolog or Dialog


Speaking ActivitiesSpeaking Activities

Role Play, Presentation, Guessing Game, ProjectRole Play, Presentation, Guessing Game, Project

Familiarize SS with the evaluation criteria to lower their level of Familiarize SS with the evaluation criteria to lower their level of anxiety and provide enough practice anxiety and provide enough practice to improve fluency and to improve fluency and to internalize grammatical rules and increase accuracy.to internalize grammatical rules and increase accuracy.

Help SS to Develop Good Conversation Skills (be polite, take Help SS to Develop Good Conversation Skills (be polite, take

turns, ,…)turns, ,…) Improve SS pronunciation using simplified phoneticsImprove SS pronunciation using simplified phonetics


Target of Target of Speaking ActivitiesSpeaking Activities

Students’ Students’

Real Life Experience?Real Life Experience?

Imagination?Imagination?

Here and Now?Here and Now?


Conversation StartersConversation Starters

When are you or have been most afraid?When are you or have been most afraid? What has been the happiest day of your life?What has been the happiest day of your life? If you could change one thing in the world, what would it be?If you could change one thing in the world, what would it be? If you could change one thing about yourself, what would you change?If you could change one thing about yourself, what would you change? What does “being in love” mean?What does “being in love” mean? What is the most important thing in your life?What is the most important thing in your life? What is the one thing you couldn’t live without?What is the one thing you couldn’t live without? What is your favorite movie/book of all time? Why? What is your favorite movie/book of all time? Why? What cartoon character would you most like to be?What cartoon character would you most like to be? What is the hardest/best thing about being ___ years old?What is the hardest/best thing about being ___ years old? What job would you never want to have? Why?What job would you never want to have? Why?


Giving Clear InstructionsGiving Clear Instructions

1- Attract Students’ Attention1- Attract Students’ Attention

2- Seating Arrangement2- Seating Arrangement

3- Tell Students’:3- Tell Students’: What to What to dodo?? What What materialsmaterials to use? to use? How much How much timetime needed to complete Task? needed to complete Task?

4- Ask Students’ to 4- Ask Students’ to rrephraseephrase Instruction Instruction


Input Input Needed Needed forforAUTHENTIC Speaking ActivitiesAUTHENTIC Speaking Activities

LListen to:isten to:a.a. StoryStoryb.b. MusicMusicc.c. SoundsSounds

Use Sight:Use Sight:a.a. Watch a VideoWatch a Videob.b. Look at Picture/DrawingLook at Picture/Drawingc.c. Read a StoryRead a Story


Vocab BoxVocab Box

Thematic Vocabulary:Thematic Vocabulary:WordWordDefinitionDefinitionSynonymSynonymAntonymAntonymPicturePicture

Speaking Speaking WritingWriting


Writing SkillWriting Skill

What do we write? What do we write?

Why Write?Why Write?


We Write… We Write…

Letter Letter Word Word Sentence (vs. Non-Sentence) Sentence (vs. Non-Sentence) Paragraph Paragraph Essay Essay Term Paper Term Paper Master Thesis Master Thesis PhD DissertationPhD Dissertation


Writing Develops in KGsWriting Develops in KGs

KG Classes KG Classes Sentence PatternSentence Pattern

A cat ran. / My dog ran. / I ran.A cat ran. / My dog ran. / I ran.

I see a dog. / I see a cat. / I see a man.I see a dog. / I see a cat. / I see a man.

Max is in the box, / Max is under the box.Max is in the box, / Max is under the box.


Sentence StructureSentence Structure

A cat ran.A cat ran. Capital letter --- . Capital letter --- . Who / does whatWho / does what someone is doing somethingsomeone is doing something Naming part + Telling partNaming part + Telling part Subject + Verb Subject + Verb Subject + PredicateSubject + Predicate

Ex:Ex: Put the word Put the word catcat in a sentence. (KG) in a sentence. (KG)


NCERDNCERDGrades 1, Grades 1, 22, 3, 3 Grade 4Grade 4

- Student writes for a variety - Student writes for a variety of audiences and purposes, of audiences and purposes, and in various formsand in various forms

- Write to record ideas and - Write to record ideas and reflectionsreflections

- Write to discover, develop, - Write to discover, develop, and refine ideasand refine ideas

- Write to communicate with - Write to communicate with a variety of audiencesa variety of audiences

- Write in different forms for - Write in different forms for different purposes including different purposes including list to record, letters to invite list to record, letters to invite and thank, and stories or and thank, and stories or poems to entertainpoems to entertain

Write to express, discover, record, develop, Write to express, discover, record, develop, reflect on ideas, and to problem solvereflect on ideas, and to problem solve

- Write to influence such as to persuade, argue - Write to influence such as to persuade, argue and requestand request

- Write to inform such as to explain, describe, - Write to inform such as to explain, describe, report, and narratereport, and narrate

- Write to entertain such as to compose - Write to entertain such as to compose humorous poems or short storieshumorous poems or short stories

- Exhibit an identifiable voice in personal - Exhibit an identifiable voice in personal narratives and in storiesnarratives and in stories

- Choose the appropriate form for his/her own - Choose the appropriate form for his/her own purpose for writing, including journals, letters, purpose for writing, including journals, letters, reviews, poems, narratives, instructionsreviews, poems, narratives, instructions


Writing Process (Gr 4) Writing Process (Gr 4) NCERDNCERD

Generate ideasGenerate ideas and plans for writing by using such and plans for writing by using such pre-writing strategiespre-writing strategies as as brainstorming, graphic organizers, notes and logsbrainstorming, graphic organizers, notes and logs

Develop draftDevelop draft by categorizing ideas, organizing them into paragraphs, and by categorizing ideas, organizing them into paragraphs, and blending paragraphs within larger units of textsblending paragraphs within larger units of texts

Revise selected draftsRevise selected drafts by adding, elaborating, deleting, combining, and by adding, elaborating, deleting, combining, and rearranging textrearranging text

Revise draftRevise draft for coherence, progression, and logical support of ideas for coherence, progression, and logical support of ideas Edit draftEdit draft for specific purposes such as to ensure standard usage, varied for specific purposes such as to ensure standard usage, varied

sentence structure, and appropriate word choicesentence structure, and appropriate word choice Use available Use available technologytechnology to support aspects of creating, revising, editing, to support aspects of creating, revising, editing,

and and publishing textpublishing text RefineRefine selected pieces frequently to publish for general and specific selected pieces frequently to publish for general and specific

audiencesaudiences ProofreadProofread his/her own writing and that of othershis/her own writing and that of others Select and Select and use reference materials and resources asuse reference materials and resources as needed for writing, needed for writing,

revising, and editing final draftsrevising, and editing final drafts


Problems with WritingProblems with Writing

1- Inadequate visual &/or Auditory Memory1- Inadequate visual &/or Auditory Memory2- Poor Motor Skills – Poor Vision2- Poor Motor Skills – Poor Vision3- Draw 3- Draw instead of instead of Write Write 4- Write from memory 4- Write from memory rather than rather than Listen THEN WriteListen THEN Write5- Develop Writing 5- Develop Writing before before Reading Reading 6- Poor6- Poor Spelling / Grammar / Sentence Structure Spelling / Grammar / Sentence Structure7- Write 7- Write withoutwithout using a Pre-writing technique (W= Product) using a Pre-writing technique (W= Product)8- Translate from Arabic (VSO)8- Translate from Arabic (VSO)9- Memorize sentences 9- Memorize sentences rather thanrather than Create own sentences Create own sentences10- Writing Process 10- Writing Process Boring & Time Consuming Boring & Time Consuming


Handwriting & DictationHandwriting & Dictation

KGs KGs Write Write in Sandin Sand Shape-like Letters Shape-like Letters

All Cycles All Cycles Handwriting Exercises Handwriting Exercises

Spelling Bee? Spelling Bee? Dictation? Auto-dictation? Dictation? Auto-dictation? Dictogloss/Dictocom?Dictogloss/Dictocom?


Improve Spelling & WritingImprove Spelling & Writing

1- Picture + 1 missing letter (beg. Letter THEN other letters)1- Picture + 1 missing letter (beg. Letter THEN other letters) 2- Picture + 2 missing letters (any two)2- Picture + 2 missing letters (any two) 3- Picture + scrambled letters3- Picture + scrambled letters 4- Picture only4- Picture only 5- Scrambled letters 5- Scrambled letters Word Formation Word Formation 6- Find the word: Cross puzzle (+ pics)6- Find the word: Cross puzzle (+ pics) 7- Dictation: Listen 7- Dictation: Listen thenthen Write word Write word 8- Unscramble words 8- Unscramble words Sentence Formation Sentence Formation Write sentencesWrite sentences 9- Unscramble sentences 9- Unscramble sentences Make a Paragraph Make a Paragraph Write a paragraphWrite a paragraph 10- Sequence paragraphs 10- Sequence paragraphs make an Essay make an Essay Write an essayWrite an essay 11- Creative Writing 11- Creative Writing


Correcting Written MistakesCorrecting Written Mistakes

MistakeMistake TypeType Correction Correction SentenceSentence

freindfreind SpellingSpelling friendfriend Tom is my Tom is my friend.friend.

He mixs He mixs Simple Simple presentpresent

mixesmixes He mixes He mixes tea and tea and sugar.sugar.


Input Input Needed Needed forforAuthentic Writing ActivitiesAuthentic Writing Activities

LListen to:isten to:a.a. StoryStoryb.b. MusicMusicc.c. SoundsSounds

Use Sight:Use Sight:a.a. Watch a VideoWatch a Videob.b. Look at a Picture/DrawingLook at a Picture/Drawingc.c. Read a StoryRead a Story


Paragraph/Essay Writing Paragraph/Essay Writing

NarrativeNarrativeDescriptiveDescriptiveHow-to How-to Biography/AutobiographyBiography/AutobiographyPersuasivePersuasive Informative Informative


Problems with Writing TasksProblems with Writing Tasks

Poor Writing TopicsPoor Writing Topics

Grammar NOT integrated Grammar NOT integrated INTO INTO WritingWriting

Poor explanation of Spelling rules in ElemPoor explanation of Spelling rules in ElemMemorizing Memorizing visually visually thethe wordswords

Dictation= NO Use of Listening Dictation= NO Use of Listening Writing Writing


Teaching a Paragraph Teaching a Paragraph

I. Modeling Stage:I. Modeling Stage: eg. Descriptive Paragrapheg. Descriptive Paragraph 1- 1- Elements of DescriptionElements of Description : adjectives: color, : adjectives: color,

size, number…simile, seem, feel , etc… size, number…simile, seem, feel , etc… 2- E2- Elements of a Paragraph:lements of a Paragraph: Title, Indentation, Title, Indentation,

Topic Sentence, Supporting Details, and Topic Sentence, Supporting Details, and ConclusionConclusion

II. Guided Stage II. Guided Stage III. Independent StageIII. Independent Stage


ButtonsButtons

Buttons are fun to look at. They Buttons are fun to look at. They can be blue, white, red, and green. Most can be blue, white, red, and green. Most buttons are circles. Some look like buttons are circles. Some look like pumpkins, pencils, or stars. It’s nice to pumpkins, pencils, or stars. It’s nice to have buttons because they help hold have buttons because they help hold our clothes together. our clothes together.


Camping TripCamping Trip

On a camping trip, it’s important On a camping trip, it’s important to have certain things. First, you need a to have certain things. First, you need a tent. You also need some food and a tent. You also need some food and a nice chest. Pack your sleeping bags nice chest. Pack your sleeping bags and some kind of light too. Don’t forget and some kind of light too. Don’t forget your pillows and some rain gear. It’s your pillows and some rain gear. It’s going to be a lovely trip.going to be a lovely trip.


How to Improve How to Improve Productive Skills?Productive Skills?

Practice SpeakingPractice Speaking

Practice WritingPractice Writing

PRACTICE PRACICE PRACTICEPRACTICE PRACICE PRACTICE


Remember…Remember…

Developing Students’ Language Skills:Developing Students’ Language Skills:

Listening = PianoListening = Piano

Speaking = ViolinSpeaking = Violin

Reading = SaxophoneReading = Saxophone

Writing = DrumsWriting = Drums


Thank YouThank You

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speak write (k 8)

Education

writing hanadi mirza

instruction hanadi

storyhanadi mirza

speaking ease

express needsmethods

speaking kgs cycle

various methods

letter word sentence