srsfc blackberry agent training august 4, 2009 [email protected] north carolina state...
TRANSCRIPT
Caneberries….exciting days are here Available year round Interest in locally produced food Health benefits rival blueberry Consumption increasing Varietal improvement New types New production systems
Exciting days for SE blackberry (and raspberry) industry
What we will cover
Site selection Blackberry biology 101 Trellis systems NC yields
Site Selection
Prepare 1 year in advance Full sun, good air movement, adequate
soil moisture
Soils
– Deep well drained loamy soil– 3%OM– pH 5.5-6.5– Sandy w/irrigation– Heavy soils w/drainage and raised beds
Site Preparation
Soil tests Eliminate noxious weeds Remove barriers for good air drainage Address areas in field having poor
drainage Remove wild brambles within 600’
Blackberryology 101 Roots are perennial
– Fibrous and relatively shallow– Strong sink for carbon (store a lot)
Biennial above ground growth– Primocanes, first year growth– Floricanes, second year growth
Fruit– Aggregate fruit– Druplets (same structure as a peach)
Climate requirements
Raspberries– Cool summers, sustained cold winter
temperatures Blackberries
– High temperatures (FF types)– Tolerate fluctuating winter temperatures in
NC (don’t break dormancy)– Don’t do well below 10F (lower reports)
Growth Habit
Erect Semi-erect Trailing
Thorns
Thorny Thornless
Trellis systems
Trellis
Increase yield Facilitate harvest Easier to manage $
V trellis
T trellis
T trellis
Shift trellis
Shift trellis– Orientation of
canopy changes after bloom
– Fruiting side of canopy faces afternoon sun
Marketable yield and average berry size in Oxford and Salisbury
Salisbury Outside
Oxford Outside
Salisbury Tunnel
Apache 3571.8 1775.7 7488.4Arapaho 2330.6 1233.7 4924.0Natchez 3119.2 3591.1 no dataNavaho 8107.9 3629.1 11272.1NC 430 4264.8 no data 8041.5Ouachita 4589.7 4144.4 6700.0
Salisbury Outside
Oxford Outside
Salisbury Tunnel
Apache 10.1 8.4 10.9Arapaho 5.7 4.9 8.6Natchez 9.6 7.2 no dataNavaho 5.0 4.4 5.3NC 430 6.5 no data 6.8Ouachita 6.8 5.9 7.6
Primocane Fruiting Blackberries:Laurel Springs
2008 Yield Components
High TunnelsSalisbury, Mills River and Laurel Springs
Blackberry Resources
SRSFC website www.smallfruits.org– 2008 Southeast Regional Guides (IPM and Production Guides)– Newsletters (home/smallfruitnews)– Budgets, NEW Blackberry, PF raspberry soon
(crops/brambles/production)
Berry Diagnostic Tool- Google– http://www.ncsu.edu/project/berries/diagnostic_tool/blackberry_diag
nostic_tool.html
Raspberry and Blackberry Production Guide (NRAES) County agents, State Extension Specialists
Thanks!