status evaluation & analysis on equipments of power ... · of power transmission &...

State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company

09/2013

Status Evaluation & Analysis on Equipments of Power Transmission & Distribution in

Lushan Earthquake (April 20, 2013)

Delivered by: Liu Fan

Outline

Equipments Status Evaluation & Analysis of 500kV Substation2.

Equipments Status Evaluation & Analysis of 220kV Substation & Below3.

Status Evaluation & Analysis for 500kVTransmission Lines

4.

Background1.

2

Cause Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments

5.

Background

3

Lushan Earthquake at 8:02 20/04/2013

Background

4

First time into Ya'an

Background

5

→ DamagetoPowerGrid

Load Loss446.68MW

Loss of Generation1917MW

Background

6

OutageofSubstationsDuetoEarthquake

220kV：1 110kV：3

35kV：5

550kV：1220kV：1110kV：2

35kV：4

110kV：235kV：6

110kV：235kV：5

35kV：1

110kV：135kV：1

Evaluation&Analysison500kV Substation

7

→ StatusofYa'anSubstation

Substation Ya'anLocation Shiyang Town, Tianquan County, Ya'an City

Capacity 1500MVANo. of

Transformer 2 (750MVA for each)

Type of Transformer

Three-phase Off-circuit Tap Changing Auto Transformer

Function─ For Local Power Supply ─ Gather & Transfer Hydropower from Ya'an District and 500kV Shimian & Jiulong Substation

─ Severely Damaged


8

→DamageofPrimaryEquipments

Equipments Damage

Transformer 1# & 2# #1: Oil Leakage of Phase A B C HV Bushing;#2: Breakage on Phase A Medium Voltage Bushing

500kV Bus & Line

─ Oil Leakage of Phase B Shunt Reactors for Shiya Line 2#─ Oil Leakage of Bushings of Shiya Line 2# Phase A & C Shunt Reactors─ Oil Leakage of Shunt Reactors for Shiya Line 1# & 2#─ Oil Leakage of Yashan Line 2# Phase A Shunt Reactor (Discovered on 26th of April)

220kV Bus & Line─ Damage of Surge Arresters for 220kV Bus 3 & 4─ Damage of Surge Arrester Post Insulator on #2 Transformer Medium Voltage Side

Other

─ Oil Leakage found on Phase C CT of 319# Breaker for 1# Auxiliary Transformer─ Breakage of Joint on 3kV Bus II HV Fuse─ Foundation Sinking found at where 400V feeder panel sets

9

HV Bushing: Oil Leakage Collapse of Surge Arrestor



10

Breakage of Bushing Collapse of Surge Arrester



11

Oil Leakage

Line Outage Due to

Severe Leakage



12

→DefectsDetection&HandlingofPrimaryEquipments

Detect of Equipment Defects throughout the Substation

Equipments Volts Measures Quantity

AC Breaker 500kV SF6 & Infrared Diagnosis 39220kV 30

Isolator 500kV Infrared Diagnosis 78220kV 72

Surge Arrestor 500kV Infrared Diagnosis 21220kV 33

PT 500kV Infrared Diagnosis 33220kV 12

Shunt Reactor 500kV Infrared Diagnosis 21

CT 500kV Infrared Diagnosis 7220kV 7


13

Examine damage of Surge Arrester

Collapse of 500kV MOA

→DefectsDetection&HandlingofPrimaryEquipments


14

On Site Examination of Porcelain MOA

On Site Examination of Porcelain MOA


15

On Site Examination of Transformer & Shunt Reactor


16

Oil Leakage Due to Ceramic envelope Breakage Position Appears Breakage

On Site Examination of Transformer & Shunt Reactor


17

→Damageto500kVNeijiangSubstation

HV Bushing Oil Leakage


18

─ Deformation of Connecting Bolts ─ Transposition of Gaskets

→Damageto500kV

NeijiangSubstation


19

Examination of Damaged Equipments

Provision of Suggestion for Equipment Replacement

Technology Supervision of Hand-Over Test

Oil & Gas Analysis

Urgent Repair Plan Formulation and Technical Support

Live Detection of Power Euipments

Support of Strategy for Power Grid Operation

→TechnicalSupportOnSite


20

→DamageofEquipmentsof220kV&Below

─ Including 220kV Huanggang and Tianquan, 110kV Shaping Chengnan and Shiyang Substation

Substation Volts Equipments No. Type of Defects

Huanggang 220kV

Transformer 1Bushing Breakage &

Transpostion, Oil Leakage on Radiator

Surge Arrester 11 DamagedRelaying

Protection 1 Protective Cabinet Door Fallen Off, LCD Pannel Cracking

Tianquan 220kV Transformer 1 Bushing Oil Leakage, Gaskets Transposition

Shaping 110kVTransformer 3 Bushing Oil Leakage

Breaker 4 CollapsedCT 1 Collapsed

Chengnan 110kV Transformer 1 Bushing Oil LeakageShiyang 110kV No Physical Damage Found

Evaluation&AnalysisonSubstationof220kV &Below

21

→ExaminationofDamagedEquipments

Loosening of 35kV Bushing Sealing CT Collapse

Evaluation&AnalysisonSubstationof220kV orBelow

22

Damage of Circuit Breakers


→ExaminationofDamagedEquipments

23

→TechnicalSupport

Recovery of Transformer

Strategy for Maintenance & Operation

Routine Test

Live Diagnosis


24

Evaluation&Analysison500kV TransmissionLines

→500kV TransmissionLinesOperatingWell,Few

TowerBase,SlopeProtectionandTowerStructure

WerePartiallyDamaged

Crack of Tower Base and Slope Protection

25

→LessonsFromEarthquake

Crack of SlopeP r o t e c t i o n a n dTower Structure

Evaluation&Analysison500kV TransmissionLines

26

─ In both Wenchuan and Ya'an Earthquake, bushings oftransformers & shunt reactors appear breakage at the root, and Leadsto oil leakage, whereras the Body Parts were rare to see damageBushingStructure(b/wBushingRoot

andTurrets)CauseAnalysis

Bolts Connected without caging devices

Mostly caused by gaskets transposition, then bolts deformation and shed breakage

Bolts Connected with caging devices

Rare to see gaskets transposition, but bushing shed breakage could lead to oil leakage unless there is a notable shearstress

Pouring ConnectedRare to see gaskets transposition, but bushing shed breakage could lead to massive oil leakage unless there is a huge shearstress

Cause Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments

→CausesofDamage

27

→ImportanceofSeismicResearch

Power Equipments Vulnerability

PGA Distribution Map of Sichuan Power Grid

Sichuan Laying on Seismic Belt

Solid Demands after Earthquake

Lack of Experience

Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments

28

Vulnerability & Complexity of Power System Equipments

→StatusQuoofSeismicResearch

Seismic Freq.1-10Hz

Equipment Freq. 1-10Hz


Close to

Resonance Oscillation

Equipments Materials

Low Intensity & DuctilityPoor Damping Capability

Other Factor Concerned

Nature of EarthquakeDamping, Rigidity, Material, External Load

29

List of Seismic Qualification

→SeismicQualification forElectricPowerFacilities

Category Code Name

IEC

IEC2771-2:2003IEC62271-300:2006IEC61463

1. High-voltage switchgear and controlgear-Seismic qualification for rated voltages of 72,5 kV and above2. Seismic qualification of AC circuit-breakers3. Bushings – Seismic qualification

USA IEEE693 Seismic Qualification of Composites for Substation High-Voltage Equipments

JAPAN JEAG 5003-1998 Guide for Seisimic Design of Substation Equipment

CHINA GB/T 13540-2009GB50260-96

1. Seismic Qualification for High-Voltage Swichgear and Controlgear2. Code for Design of Seismic of Electrical Installations


─ Adaptible to Electric Power Facility Installation,

Expansion and Reconstructon in Area of Seismic Fortification

Design b/w 6~9:

Scope of Application

1. Facilities from 110kV~750kV AC Projects;

2. Facilities from DC Projects of ±660kV or Below

30



31

Propose Seismic Standard for HV Projects1

2、 Confirm Seismic Test Requirements22、 Supplement of Isolation & Dissipation

Design for Electrical Power Facility3

4、 More Specified Framework DAF4

Specified Load Combination5

SeismicDesignfor

PowerFacilityin

China



1. Seismic Design Subjected to being Surpassed with a 2% Probability;

2. Proposed Seismic Design Response Spectum for HV Equipments

Propose Seismic Standard for HV Projects

32


─ To test the seismic capability of new facility or large-size equipments,

Earthquake Simulator is required; for those equipments unable to test due to problems

of size, weight, complexity etc., or even already passed the test but with slight change

on structure, we can adopt stochasticly test or test & analisis method.

ConfirmedTestRequirements

InstitutesSatisfiedtheRequirements

In OperationChina Academy of Building Research, Tongji Uniersity, Chongqing Jiaotong Designing Institute

Under ConstructionIn stitute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration (Beijing), Chongqing University

33


─ For facilities located at area of high intensity, which is unable to satisfy

seismic requirements or subjected to higher or specialized requirements, this article applies.

→SupplementofIsolation&DissipationDesignforElectricalPowerFacility

Capacitor（NewZealand） Reactor（USA） 34


Tipical Isolation & Dissipation Design

Surge Arrester(Japan) 35


Isolation Test for Transformer Bushing（UC）

Tipical Isolation & Dissipation Design：

─ Bushing Acceleration Rate From 1.02g Down to 0.289g

36


FPS-isolation System：Relate toS u r f a c e R a d i u s & G r a v i t yCoefficients，Independant of mass

Tipical Isolation & Dissipation Design

37


→ResearchHaveDown

38

After Wenchuan Earthquake:Lounch a Project "Research on Damage of Power Equipments at Wenchuan Earthquake" Together withTongji University

"Research on 500kV Ya'an Substation Bushing Damage at 4.20 Lushan Earthquake"


Isolation&DissipationDesignandApplicationfor220kV XiamengSubstation

Post Insulator Transformer Base 39


Analysis on Transformer Bushing Breakage at 500kV Ya'an Substation

High Seismic IntensityLevel 9, Almost Upper Limit

Bushing Structure ?1. Connected by caging

devices

2. Large gravitational torque

Materials ?

Easy to DamageBushing of Transformer 1# after Disassembly

40


ComparisonofBushingConnection

Type of Connection Prons Cons

Clamped by Caging Devices

Mature Tech., Easy for Installation, with Certain Resiliance and Deflection

High Cost, Vulnerable Subjected to Collision

Pouring ConnectedAs a Whole, Easy to Withstand Earthquake of Certain Level

Highly Rely on Intensity of Porcelain Shed, Can Lead to Devastating Result Subjected to Violent Earthquake

41


42

→SeimicDesignofPowerSystemEquipments


No. SuggestionsforEquipmentsWithstandingEarthquake1 Use High Intensity Porcelain Material or Silicon Envilope

2 Select Post Insulator with High Intensity Porcelain and Equipments with Solid Insulator as Support

3 Use Equipments with Low Centre of Gravity, such as GIS, HGIS etc.

4 Suggest Not to Use Rod Insulator Supported Distribution Equipment of Tubular Bus Bar, Aluminum Tubular Bus Bar is Suggested to use Suspension Insulator

5 Use Damping Devices for Equipments Easy Subjected to Resonance Oscillation, Therefore Change System Frequency and Damping Ratio

6 Renforce Floating Equipments Connection to Avoid Transposition or Collapse

7 Considering 3/2 Connection Scheme unless Equipments and Site Area Allow

Project: Study on Substation Equipments Vulnerability at High Seismic Intensity Area of Sichuan

→ResearchPlan

43


1 Analysis of Failure mode and Law of Electrical Equipments in Earthquake

2 Exploration of Evaluation Approach for Level of Damage to Substation Equipments

3 Evalution of Seismic Withstand ability for Substation & its Equipments at High Intensity Area of Sichuan

4 Evaluation of Substation Capability to Withstand Earthquake as a Whole, Propose Scheme for Capablity Improvement

5 Proposing Optimal Solutions to Flange Connection of Bushing Type Equipments

Thank You

for your attention!

44

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