steel clasification and weldability.docx

Steel Clasification and Weldability

Written by Ed CraigHome page of www.weldreality.com

ASTM Welding A403-A643 Carbon Low Alloy Steels.

Bar Plate and Pipe..

ALL ELECTRODE RECOMMENDATIONS MADE AT THIS SITE REQUIRE WELD QUALIFICATION BEFORE THE WELD CONSUMABLES ARE APPROVED.

Note: When you see high tensile weld electrodes required, this is usually an indication that pre heat interpass and post heat treatment is required for the welds

Fatigue:The ability of a metal or weld to withstand repeated loads. Fatigue failures occur at stress levels less than the metal or weld yield strength. Some things that can influence fatigue failure:

Excess weld profiles. Welds which cause undercut. FCAW or SMAW slag inclusions. Lack of weld penetration.

Excess weld heat, typically from multi-pass welds without inter-pass temp controls.

Items to a part that adds restraint while welding. Items added to a part that can concentrate stresses in a specific

location. Incorrect selection of filler metal, weld too weak or weld too strong.

When welding low and medium carbon steels, the 70XX electrodes and E70S-3-6 MIG wires and E7XT-X flux cored electrodes can be used. When welding low alloy 1 1/4 Cr 1/2 Mo and 2 1/4 Cr 1 Mo with up to 0.05% max carbon, typically 8018-B2L / 9018-B3L (L = low carbon) can be used. When welding higher strength alloys or when tempering and quenching are required to attain the higher strengths the higher carbon 8018 B2 and 9018 B3 electrodes are utilized.

Steels Yield ksi MPa

Tensile ksiMPa

Description Preheat Post heat UNS Chemistry

weld data

ASTM403

Austenitic Stainless Pipe

see pipe

ASTM405 Cr Mo pipe see pipe

ASTM409

Austenitic stainless pipe see pipe

ASTM A410

pressure vessel plate E8018-C3

ASTM412grade 201 -202

Stainless plate E308

ASTM413Grade # 30. Proof Coil grade # is strength

welded steel chain general purpose , low carbon steel not recommended for over head lifts

A413Grade #

welded steel chain general

43. High Test

purpose , low carbon steel Stronger than grade 30.Not recommended for over head lifts

A413Grade # 70. Transport Binder

welded steel chain general purpose , low carbon steel heat treatedStronger than grade 43.Not recommended for over head lifts

ASTM A414A-B-C-DE-F-G

Flange and firebox sheet

All grades except G E60XXE70XXE70S-XE71T-1Grade GE7018-A1

ASTM420

Carbon stl and nickel stl pipe fittings

pre heat100 - 200F

801880S-D2

ASTM423

Low alloy tubes

pre heat 100-200F 8018W

ASTM A425

Hot rolled strip

E60XXE70XXE70S-XE71T-1

ASTMA426 Cr Mo Pipe

pre heat 100 - 600 F

see pipe

ASTM430


ASTM A434

AISI Quenched and tempered steel bars

A434-BB65-90448-620

90-110620-758

Contact Alloy Rod for special electrode T4130

A434-BC 80-110 105-130

Contact Alloy Rod for special electrode T4130

A434-BD 100-130 130-155 Preheat

250 - 350F

ASTMA440

High strength structural

E7018E70S-XE71T-1

ASTMA441

40-50 275-344

60-70 413-482

High strength low alloy structural steel used often for bridges

Preheat >25mm 100F >50mm 200F

K1211

carbon0.22Si 0.4maxMn 0.85/1.25CuV 0.2E7018E70S-XE71T-1If weathering steel unpaintedE8018-WE80T1-W

SMAW and GMAW Mechanical StrengthE6010 Minimum Yield 50,000 psi Minimum Tensile 62,000 psi.E6011 Minimum Yield 50,000 psi Minimum Tensile 62,000 psi. E7010 Minimum Yield 60,000 psi Minimum Tensile 72,000 psi.E7018 Minimum Yield 60,000 psi Minimum Tensile 72,000 psi.

The commom MIG E70S-3-6 wires. Minimum Yield 60,000 psi Minimum Tensile 72,000 psi.

Mechanical Strength of Gas Shielded Flux Cored Electrodes, reference ANS I /AWS A5.29 1198 Specification. Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding

AWS Classification Tensile ksi

Tensile MPa

Yield ksi

YieldMpa

E6XTX-X-XM 60 - 80 410 - 550 50 340E7XTX-X-XM 70 - 90 480 - 620 58 400E8XTX-X-XM 80 - 100 550 - 690 68 470E9XTX-X-XM 90 - 110 620 - 760 78 540E10XTX-K9-K9M SEE SPEC 88 610

(M) means an argon mix req, 75 to 80 argon balance CO2 All DCEP

E71T-1Second number1 = all position

E70T-1Second number0 = flat and horizontal

What is Brittleness?The ease at which the weld or metal will break or crack without appreciable deformation. When a metal gets harder it becomes more brittle. Preheat, inter-pass temp controls and post heat all are designed to reduce the potential for brittleness.

How do you measure Hardness?. The hardness tester forces a small sphere (Brinell, HB), a diamond pyramid (Vickers, HV) or a cone (Rockwell C, HRC) into the surface of a metallic material. The indentation is then measured.

PRE - INTERPASS OR POST HEAT?

Many manufactures of parts and equipment containing ASTM steels will not use the recommended pre or post-heat treatments.

The requirements for weld heat considerations is greatly influenced by many factors such as the application, the governing specifications or codes, the plate conditions, plate thickness, the weld consumables the weld

procedures, the weld size and amount of welds required.

In many cases the manufacturer that uses ASTM steels will find that it's not necessary for the weld to match the mechanical properties of the steel, (its often better for the weld to have more ductility than the plate) and therefore low hydrogen, highly ductile SMAW E7018 / E70S-3-6 MIG wires or E7XT-X flux cored electrodes are used.

When using the low hydrogen electrodes, the pre and post heat treatment recommendations are frequently reduced or eliminated, however from a weld quality perspective always ensure that the weld locations are dry, the base metal is over 60 F, and that rust and mill scale is removed from the weld area.

Its beneficial for all multipass welds to not allow the multi-pass inter-pass weld temperatures to exceed 350 F.

Multipass welds will have an annealing affect on the welds and base metals and therefore the need for preheat will either be eliminated or reduced.

If you ignore the heat treat requirements as recommended by the metal specifications ensure you use low hydrogen consumables then,

(a) establish the PQR, (b) qalify both the weld and HAZ mechanical properties.

Welding alloy steels often may require unique weld or heat treat considerations. Compare the low alloy steels chemistry and mechanicals with a standard A36 steel. Remember this site is only a guide, weld responsibility starts with "you" First verify the weld consumable and then the material heat treat recommendations.

What is yield strength? The stress that can be applied to a base metal or weld without permanent deformation of the metal is the yield strength.

What is tensile strength? The ultimate tensile strength is the maximum strength that the metal or weld can withstand before failure occurs.

Metric Conversion 1000 psi = ksi x 6.894 = MPa


Tensile ksiMPa


weld data

ASTMA442-55

> 30 206

55 - 75379-517

Carbon steel pressure vessel plate CSA 300W-T350W-T 350A-T 380W HSS380WT- HSS

K02202

carbon0.22/0.24Mn 0.6/1.1Si 0.15/0.4E7018E70S-XE71T-1

ASTMA442-605

>32 220

60 - 80 413-551

Preheat>0.26 carbon>25mm 100F

K02402

carbon0.24/0.27Mn 0.6/1.1Si 0.15/0.4E7018E70S-XE71T-1

ASTM447 Stainless castings 309

ASTMA444

Galvanizedsheet

E6010E70S-3

ASTM451


ASTM452 Stainless pipe see pipe

E308

ASTMA455

<9.6mm>37

9-13mm>36

>13mm>35

<9.6mm 75-95

9-13mm 73-93

>13mm 70-90

High strength manganese steel for pressure vessel plates

preheatcarbon0.26/0.3100F

>0.3 carb 200F

K03300

carbon 0.33Si 0.10Mn 0.85/1.29E7018E70S-XE71T-1

ASTMA457

stainless plate sheet strip E347

ASTMA458 stainless bars E347

ASTMA469 low alloy forgings pre heat 100 to

400 FE8018 to E1218

ASTMA470 low alloy forgings pre heat 100 to

400 FE8018 to E1218

ASTMA473

Austenitic Stainless forgings

ASTMA477

austenitic stainless forgings E347

ASTMA479

pressure vessel austenitic stainless parts

ASTMA486

steel castings highway bridges

A486-70preheat carbon >0.2 <25mm 100F >25mm 250F

E7018E70S-XE71T-1

A486-90 E808-B2ASTMA487 other grades

Casting forpressure service

A487-2N check for pre/post heat req

E7018-A1orE8018-B2


Flux coredE4130


Flux coredE4130

A487-7Q check for pre/post heat req

Flux coredE4130


E9018-B3E90T5-B3


E9018-B3E90T5-B3

When mill scale is a problem, what MIG or flux cored weld parameter will the welder have to change and why? The solutions are in Ed's books.

STRESS RELIEVING (SR) BASIC GUIDELINES:

STRESS RELIEF - CONTROLLED HEATING & COOLING TO REDUCE STRESS.

STRESS RELIEF MACHINED PARTS FOR DIMENSIONAL STABILITY. STRESS RELIEF SLOW HEATING AND COOLING REQUIRED CONFIRM WITH CODE SPECIFICAIONS FOR STRESS RELIEF

REQUIREMENTS.

TYPICAL STRESS RELIEF SOAK TIME ONE HOUR PER INCH OF THICKNESS

SR HEAT & COOL RATE PER HOUR 400oF 204oC DIVIDE THICKER PART

PARTS OF DIFFERENT THICKNESSES SR MAX TEMP DIFFERENCE 75oF 24oC

STRESS RELIEF CARBON STEELS 1100oF 593oC TO 1250oF 677oC

STRESS RELIEF CARBON 0.5% Mo 1100oF 593oC TO 1250oF 677oC

SR 1% CHROME 0.5% Mo 1150oF 621oC TO 1325oF 718oC

SR 1.25 % CHROME 0.5% Mo 1150oF 621oC TO 1325oF 718oC


SR 2.25 % CHROME 1% Mo 1200oF 649oC TO 1375oF 746oC



SR 9% CHROME 1% Mo 1300oF 704oC TO 1400oF 760oC

SR 12% CHROME 410 STEEL 1550oF 843oC TO 1600oF 871oC

SR 16% CHROME 430 STEEL 1400oF 760oC TO 1500oF 815oC

SR 9% NICKEL 1025oF 552oC TO 1085oF 585oC

FOR 300 SERIES STAINLESS SR WILL RESULT IN CARBIDE PRECIPITATION

WITH LOW CARBON 300 SERIES MAX SR 1050oF 566oC

SR 400 SERIES CLAD STAINLESS 1100oF 593oC TO 1350oF 732oC

SR CLAD MONEL INCONEL Cu NICKEL 1150oF 621oC TO 1200oF 649oC

STRESS RELIEF MAGNESIUM AZ31B 0 500oF 260oC 15 MIN

STRESS RELIEF MAGNESIUM AZ31B H24 300oF 149oC 60 MIN

HK31A H24 550oF 288oC 30 MIN

HM21A T8-T81 700oF 371oC 30 MIN

MAGNESIUM WITH MORE THAN 1.5% ALUMINUM STRESS RELIEF

MAGNESIUM CAST ALLOYS AM100A 500oF 260oC 60 MIN

AZ-63A 81A 91C & 92A 500oF 260oC 60 MIN

E-Mail Feb 2007. Ed what affect does flame cutting API X-80 or 550 gr. pipe have on the weld HAZ? Is 6010 a good root pass electrode for this material?

All X-80 materials are not created equal: They could be seamless quench and tempered, or DSAW TMCP plate. You can get some seamless that will have high alloy content that will produce a very hard HAZ, these alloys can be susceptable to hydrogen cracking. You need to consider minimum preheat and interpass temp controls and possibly avoid cellulosic electrodes such as 6010. The TMCP materials typically provide excellent results such as a soft HAZ from low minimum preheat.


Tensile ksiMPa


weld data

ASTMA493

Bar and Wire stainless

depends on grade

ASTMA496 Reinforcing wire 200 to 300 9018m

ASTMA500 carbon steel tube 100 -200F E70S-3

E7018

ASTMA508

Forgings pressure vessels

E7018E70S-XE71T-1

ASTMA511

austenitic stainless tubes 3xx series

ASTMA512 carbon stl tubes E70S-3

E7018ASTMA513

carbon and low alloy steel tubes 100 - 200F E70S-3

E7018

ASTMA514

> 90-100620-689

100-130689-896

Quench and tempered alloy steel plate High yields. This spec also applies toASTM A517

A514-A Known asN-A-XTRA 100 K11856

Carbon0.15/0.21Mn 0.8/1.1Si 0.4/0.8Cr 0.5/0.8Zr 0.5/0.15B 0.0025

A514-B Known asT - 1 Type A K11630

Carbon0.12/0.21Mn 1.0Si 0.2/0.35Cr 0.4/0.64MO 0.15/0.25V 0.03/0.08Ti0.01/0.03B 0.0005/0.005

A514-C Known asJALLOY-S-100

K11511 Carbon0.1/0.2Mn 1.1/1.5

Si 0.15/0.3MO 0.2/0.3 B 0.001/0.005

A514-D K11662

Carbon0.13/0.2Mn 0.4/0.7Si 0.2/0.35Cr 0.85/1.2 Mo0.15/0.25Ti 0.04/0.1Cu 0.4B 0.0015to 0.005

A514-E K21604

Carbon0.12/0.2Mn 0.4/0.7Si 0.2/0.35Cr 1.4/2.0 Mo 0.4/0.6Ti 0.04/0.1Cu 0.2/0.4B 0.0015to 0.005SSS-100

A514-F Typically Called T-1 Steel K11576

Carbon0.1/0.2Mn 0.6/1Si 0.15/0.35Cr 0.4/0.65Ni 0.7/1Mo 0.4/0.6V 0.03/0.08Cu 0.15/0.5B 0.006

A514-G K11872

Carbon0.15/0.21Mn 0.88/1.1Si ?Cr 0.5/0.9Ni 0.7/1Mo 0.4/0.6Zr 0.05/0.15B 0.0025

A514-H K11646

Carbon0.12/0.21Mn 0.95/1.3Si 0.2/0.35Cr 0.4/0.65Ni 0.3/0.7Mo 0.2/0.3V 0.03/0.08B 0.005

A514-J K11625 Carbon0.12/0.21

Mn0.45/0.77Si 0.2/0.35Mo 0.5/0.65B 0.001to 0.005

A514-K K11523

Carbon0.1/0.2Mn1.1/1.15Si 0.15/0.3Mo0.45/0.55B 0.001to 0.005

A514-L K11682

Carbon0.13/0.2Mn0.4/0.7Si 0.15/0.3Cr1/15/1.65Mo0.25/0.4Ti0.04/0.1Cu 0.2/0.4B 0.005

A514-M K11683

Carbon0.12/0.21Mn0.4/0.7Si 0.15/0.3Ni 1.2/1.5Mo0.45/0.6B 0.001 to0.005

A514-N K11847

Carbon0.15/0.21Mn0.8/1.1Si 0.4/0.9Cr 0.5/0.8Mo 0.25Zr 0.05/0.15B 0.0025

A514-P For all a514 welds keep multi-pass welds small to improve notch toughness. Keep heat input low use stringers instead of weaves

Preheat for all A514 <13mm 50F<25mm175F.Don't exceed 200F inter-pass temp.Always ensure oil or moisture removed before weld

K21650 Carbon0.12/0.21Mn0.45/0.7Si 0.4/0.9Ni 1.2/1.5

For all A514 weldsE11018-ME110S-1E110T5-K4E110T1-G

MIG alternativeE80S-D2keep MIG spray volts low to

reduce Hydrogen content. Use low reactive gas mix like argon 10% C02.

What is lamellar tearing?

When welding, the weld shrinkage stresses impose tensile strains in the steel plate or on inclusions paralleled to the plate surface. The tensile strains can separate the inclusions causing cracks. Excessive strains can further elongate the cracks. Carbon, manganese and low alloy steels made at the mill with inadequate deoxidization are sensitive to lamellar tearing.

The potential for lamellar tearing increases with the amount of inclusions in the plates being welded. Of special concern is when the inclusions are parallel to the plate surface. More data in ASTM A770 / A770M Standard Spec for through thickness tension testing of steel plates.


Tensile ksiMPa


weld data

ASTMA515

pressure vessel steel plate for medium to high temp service

preheat 0.21 to 0.25 carb >50mm 200Fpreheat 0.26 to 0.30 carb <50mm 100F >50mm 200Fpreheat >0.3carb <25mm 100F 25 TO 50mm 200F >50mm 300F

A515-55 >30 206

55 - 75 379-517 K02001

Carbon0.2/0.28Mn 0.9Si 0.15/0.4E7018E70S-XE71T-1

A515-60 >32 220

60 - 80 413-551 K02401


A515-65 >35 241

65- 85 448-586

Similar to CSA 300W 300WT-350W350ATY-380W-T

K02800


A515-70 >38 262

70- 90 482-620

Similar to CSA 300W 300WT-350W350ATY-380W-T

K03101


ASTMA516

Pressure vessel steel plate AISI 1116

preheat 0.2 carb >50mm 100F

preheat 0.2 to 0.25 carb >25mm 100F >50mm 200F

preheat >0.26 TO 0.31carb 13/25mm 100F>25mm250F

post heat over 25mm 1200F is beneficial

G11160

A516-55 >30 55-75 K01800 Carbon

206 379-517

0.18/0.26Mn 0.6/1.2Si 0.15/0.4E7018E70S-XE71T-1

A516-60 >32 220

60-80413-551 K02100

Carbon0.21/0.27Mn 0.6/1.2Si 0.15/0.4E7018E70S-XE71T-1

A516-65 >35 241

65-85448-586

Similar to CSA 300W 350W 380W-T HSS

K02403


A516-70 >38262

70 - 90482-620

Similar to CSA 300W 350W 380W-T HSS

K02700


What is Ductility? The amount that a metal or weld will deform without breaking. Measured on welds by the % of elongation in a 2 inch 51 mm test piece. An E71T-1 flux cored electrode should result in a minimum of 20% elongation. An E70S--6 MIG weld should produce approx 22%.

What is Toughness?The ability of the metal or weld sample at a predetermined temperature to withstand a shock.The test for toughness measures the impact of a pendulum on a notched specimen. You may see that the required impact properties for the metal or weld are 20ft-lbf @ -20 F (27 j @ -29C)

Steels Yield ksi

Tensile ksi

Description Preheat Post heat

UNS Chemistryweld data

MPa MPa

ASTMA517

>100690

Quench and tempered High strength alloy plate

produced in accordance with ASTM A514

ASTMA517

>100690

Quench and tempered High strength alloy plate

produced in accordance with ASTM A514

ASTMA519

carbon stl tubes

100 to 400F

801890181118M

ASTMA521-CACC-CC1

Die ForgingsE7018E70S-XE71T-1

A521AA-ABCE-CFCF1

E8018-C3

A521AE-AGAH

E11018M

A521AC-ADCG

E8018-B2

ASTMA523

CARBON STL PIPE E7018

E70S-3-6

ASTMA524

carbon stl pipe

E7018E70S-3-6

ASTMA526A527A528

Galvanizedsheet metal

E6010E7010E70S-3

ASTMA529

>42 289

60-80413-586

Structural steel plate bars or shaped

K02703

Carbon0.27Mn1.2Cu0.20E7018E70S-XE71T-1

ASTMA533

QuenchedTemperedpressure vessel plate

Preheat >0.15 carbon >50mm 200F

Preheat 0.16/0.2 carbon 13/25mm

100F >25mm 250F

Preheat 0.2/0.25 carbon <13mm 100F >50mm 250F >50mm 400F

Post heat benefits <0.16 carb >13mm 1150F

A533-A K12521

Carbon0.25Mn1.15/1.5Si0.15/0.4Mo 0.6

A533-Aclass 1 >50 80-100

551-689

CLASS 1E8018-C3E9018-ME90T1-K2E80S-D2

Class 2-3E7018E8018-C3E11018-ME110T-1-G

A533-Aclass 2 >70 90-115

620-792A533-Aclass 3 >83 100-125

689-861A533-B Same

mechanicals as A533-A

K12539 Carbon0.25 maxMn1.15/1.5Si0.15/0.4Ni 0.4/0.7Mo0.45/0.6

For class 1E8018-C3E9018-ME90T1-K2E80S-D2

Class 2-3E7018E8018-C3E11018-ME110T-1-G

A533-CMechanicals similar to A533-A-B

K12554

Carbon0.25 maxMn1.15/1.5Si 0.4Ni 0.7/1.0Mo0.45/0.6


Class 2-3E7018E8018-C3E11018-ME110T-1-G

A533-DMechanicals similar to A533-C

K12529

Carbon0.25 maxMn1.15/1.5Si 0.15/0.4Ni 0.2/0.4Mo0.45/0.6


Class 2-3E7018E8018-C3E11018-ME110T-1-G

If you are welding a carbon steel and you don't know what the composition is or what the weld consumable should be, try the following:

If the metal is thicker than 1/4 (>6 mm,) preheat to 150F.

Use either an E7018 stick electrode, an 0.035 or 0.045 E70S-3-6 MIG wire.

For your all position welds an 0.045, E71T-1 electrode wire.

For MIG welding use an argon 10 to 20% CO2 mix. For the flux cored use a mix with 20 to 25% CO2. Ensure with multi-pass welds you use inter-pass

temp control. Ensure the inter-pass temp weld temperature does

not exceed 300F. Use stringer passes. If possible do a mechanical / destructive test of the

weld samples. If possible have the hardness and grain size

checked after welding.


Tensile ksiMPa


weld data

ASTM A537

Heat treated Pressure vessel plate

A537class 1

40-50310-344

65-90448-620

Normal Condition KO2400

Carbon0.24 maxMn0.7/1.6Si ?Mn ?Cr ?Mo ?Cu ?E7018E8018-C3

A537class 2 46-60 70-100

Quenched and tempered

Preheat <0.2 carbon 25/50mm 100F >50mm 200F

Preheat 0.2/0.24 carbon <50mm 200F >50mm 300F

Carbon0.24 maxMn0.7/1.6Si ?Mn ?Cr ?Mo ?Cu ?E8018-C3E9018-ME91T-1

ASTMA538

A538-A K92810

Carbon0.3 maxMn0.1maxSi 0.1maxNi 17/19Mo4/4.5check other alloys

A538-B K92890

Carbon0.3 maxMn0.1maxSi 0.1maxNi 17/19Mo4.6/5.1check other alloys

A538-C K93120

Carbon0.3 maxMn0.1maxSi 0.1maxNi 18/19Mo4.6/5.2check other alloys

ASTMA539

carbon stl tubes

E7018E70S-XE71T-1

ASTMA541

A541-1Pressure vessel forgings

E7018E70S-6E7XT-X depending on heat treat E8018-C3

A541-1A

E7018E70S-6E7XT-X depending on heat treat E8018-C3

A541-2-3-4-5-6 E8018-C3

A541-2A-3A-6A-7-7A-7B-8-8A

E7018E70S-6E7XT-X depending on heat treat E110T5-K4

ASTMA542

Quenched and tempered pressure vessel plate

preheat<25mm 200F <50mm 250 >50mm 300FPostheat 1300F

K21590

Carbon 0.15 maxMn0.3/0.6Si0.15/0.3Cr2/2.5Mo0.9/1.1

A542-1 >85586

105/125723/861 E110T5-K4

A542-2 >100689

115/135792/930 E110T5-K4

A542-3 >75517

95/115655/792 E110T1-K3

A542-4 >60413

85/105586/723 E110T5-K4

Provide the following info on why inter-pass temperature control is essential for some multi-pass welds.

[1] Inter-pass temperature control can restrict the weld and base metal grain g____h

[2] Inter-pass temp control can limit the weld h___t minimize the H___Z and reduce the weld

o_________on potential


Tensile ksiMPa


weld data

ASTMA543

Quenched and tempered plate

A543-A

Class 1 85586

Class 2 100689

Class 3 70482

Class 1 105/125723/861

Class 2 115/135792/930

Class 3 90/115620/792

Preheat<0.2 carb <50mm 150FPreheat>0.2 carb <25mm 150F >50mm 250F

Post heat1125F over 0.2 carb beneficial

K42338

Carbon0.23maxMn0.4maxSi0.2/0.35Cr1.5/2Ni2.6/4Mo0.45/0.6V0.03max

Class 1 - 3E11018-ME11OT5-K4E120S-1

Class 2E11018-ME11OT1-K3

E7018 and8018-C3 often used

A543-B K42339

Carbon0.23maxMn0.4maxSi0.2/0.35Cr1.5/2Ni2.6/4Mo0.45/0.6V0.03maxlower P/S

ASTMA553

Quenched and tempered plate used for pressure vessels

A553-1 >85586

100/120689/827 SEE A353 K81340

Carb 0.13maxMn 0.9Si 0.15/0.4Ni 8.5/9.5

A553-2 >85586

100/120689/827

K71340 Carb 0.13maxMn 0.9Si0.15/0.4

Ni 7.5/8.5ASTMA554

stainless tubes

ASTMA556

carbon steel tubes

E7018E70S-3-6

ASTMA557

carbon steel tubes

E7018E70S-3-6

ASTMA562

>30206

55/75379/517

pressure vessel plate K11224

Carb 0.12 maxMn1.2 maxSi 0.15/0.5Ti (4x%C)Cu0.15max

E7018E70S-6E71T-1

ASTMA565

Stainless bars forgings

410 410Ni Mo

ASTMA570

Structural carbon stl

E7018E70S-3-6

ASTMA572

42/65289/448

High strength structural steel/bridges

E7018E70S-3-6

A572-42 >42289

>60413

preheat carb 0.22 max 13/25mm 50F >25mm 150F

preheat carb >0.23 <13mm 100F >13mm 175F

Carb 0.21 maxMn1.35 maxSi 0.4 Cu0.2min

E7018E70S-6E71T-1

A572-50 >50344

>65448


E7018E70S-6E71T-1

A572-60 >60413

>75517


E7018E70S-6

E71T-1E8018-C3

A572-65 >65448

>80551

Carb 0.26 maxMn<13 mm 1.35 maxMn>13 mm 1.65 maxSi 0.4 Cu0.2min

E8018-C3

Name two reasons why pre-heat is essential for some steels.

[1] Preheat can remove sources of h______ n

[2] Preheat can slow down the c______g rate.


Tensile ksiMPa


weld data

ASTMA573

Structural steel plate with improved toughness

A573-58 >32280

58/71399/489

preheat carb 0.2/0.25 >25mm 100F

preheat carb >0.25 >13mm 150F

KO2301

Carb 0.23 maxMn0.6/0.9 Si 0.1/0.35

E7018E70S-6E71T-1

A573-65 >35241

65/77448/530 K02404

Carb 0.26 maxMn0.85/1.2 Si 0.15/0.4

E7018E70S-6E71T-1

A573-70 >42 70/90 K02701 Carb

289 482/620

0.28 maxMn0.85/1.2 Si 0.15/0.4

E7018E70S-6E71T-1

ASTMA575

steel bars merchant quality M grades

conforms to AISI 1010AISI 1023AISI M1008AISI M1012AISI M1015AISI M1017AISI M1020AISI M1025AISI M1044

1010G10100

1023G10230

M1008G10080

M1012G10120

M1015G10150

M1017G10170

M1020G10200

M1025G10250

M1044G10440

GRADESM1008 to M1025 E7018E70S-6E71T-1

GRADESM1044E8018-C3E80T1-Ni1E80s-Ni1

ASTMA576

Carbon steel bars hot wrought special quality conforms to over 50 AISIspecs

ASTMA587 carbon stl pipe E7018

E70S-3-6

ASTMA588

High strength low alloy structural steel, improved corrosion resistance for bridges and buildings

A588 <100mm>50344

<100mm>70428

preheat 13/25mm70F

K12040 For corrosion resistanceE8018-WE8018-C1

>100mm42 - 46

>100mm63 -67

25/100mm150F

E8018-B2E880T1-W

Painted E7018E70S-3-6E71T-1

A588-A K11430

carbon0.1/0.19Mn0.9/1.25Si 0.15/0.3Cr 0.4/0.65V 0.02/0.1

A588-B K12043

carbon0.2 MaxMn0.75/1.25Si 0.15/0.3Cr 0.4/0.7Ni 0.25/0.5V 0.01/0.1

A588-C K11538

carbon0.15 MaxMn0.8/1.35Si 0.15/0.3Cr 0.3/0.5Ni 0.25/0.5V 0.01/0.1

A588-D K11552

carbon0.1/0.2Mn0.75/1.25Si 0.5/0.9Cr 0.5/0.9

A588-E K11567

carbon0.15 MaxMn 1.2 maxSi 0.15/0.3Ni 0.75/1.25Mo 0.1/0.25V 0.05max

A588-F K11541

carbon0.1/0.2Mn 0.5/1Si 0.3maxCr 0.3 maxNi 0.4/1/1Mo 0.1/0.2V 0.05max

A588-G K12040

carbon0.2maxMn 1.2maxSi 0.25/0.7Cr 0.5/1Ni 0.8maxMo 0.1max

588-H K12032

carbon0.2maxMn1.25maxSi 0.25/0.75Cr 0.1/0.25Ni 0.3/0.6Mo0.15maxV 0.02/0.1

A588-J K12044

carbon0.2 maxMn0.6/1.0Si 0.3/0.5Ni 0.5/0.7Cu 0.3 minTi 0.3/0.05

ASTM590

Alloy steel pressure vessel plate

K91890

carbon0.3maxMn 0.1 maxSi 0.1 maxCr 4.5/5.5Ni 11.5/12.5Mo2.75/3.25Ti 0.2/0.35Al 0.4max


Tensile ksiMPa

DescriptionPreheat Post heat

UNS Chemistryweld data

ASTMA592A-E-F

Similar to A517 E11018ME12018M

ASTMA605

Alloy steel pressure vessel plate

K91401

carbon0.13maxMn 0.2/0.4Si 0.1 maxCr0.65/0/85Ni 8.5/9.5Mo0.9/1.1V 0.06/0.12Co 4.25/5

ASTMA606

45-55310-344

65-7-450-480

High strength low alloy sheet and strip steel used for structural weight saving and corrosion resistant applications

Carbon 0.22Mn1.25alloys not spec

E8018-WE80T1-W

A606-2

Corrosion resistance twice that of regular carbon steels

A606-4

Corrosion resistance four times that of regular carbon steels

ASTMA607

High strength low alloys Nb - N -V -Cusheet for structural weight saving applications Twice the corrosion resistance of carbon steel if Cu added.

E7018E70S-3/6E71T-1

For corrosion resistanceconsiderEXX18-WEXXT1-W

A607- 45 >45 >60Carbon 0.22Mn 1.35Cu 0.2 minif specified

A607- 55 >55 >70A607- 60 >60 >75A607- 65 >65 >80

A607-70 >70 >85

Carbon 0.26Mn 1.65Cu 0.2 minif specified

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Tensile ksiMPa


weld data

A612 50344

81 - 105588/723

HIGH STRENGTH LOW TO MEDIUM TEMP SERVICE

Preheat to 0.2 carb >13mm 100FPreheat to 0.21 carb <13mm 125F

KO2900

Carb 0.025 max Mn 1-1.5Si 0.15 0.4Ni 0.25Cr 0.25

PRESSURE VESSELS >13mm 175F

Mo 0.08 maxCu 0.35V 0,08max

E8018-C3FC 81T1-Ni1E80S-Ni1

A615High carbon Steel Bars for concrete reinforcement

Max 0,45 carbon preheat bars 3- 11 OK. bars 14 to 18 75F

Carbon 0.45- 0.55 Bars 7-11 50F bars 14- 18, 200F

Carbon 0.56- 0.65 Bars 3-6 100F bars 7- 18, 250F

Carbon>0.66 400F

KO2900Use only low hydrogen electrodes

A615-40 40 275

70 482

E7018E7XT-1E70S-3

A615-60 60 413

90620 E9018M

A615-75 E10018MA616-50-60 E9018m

A617-40 E7018A617-60 E9018M

A618 low alloy E7018

tubes E70S-3-6

A620 E60XXE70XX

A621 E60XXE70XX

A63342- 60275413

Normalized high strength low alloy steel with good notch toughness.Used for service temp down to -50f

A633-A 42289

63-83434-572 K01802

carb 0.18 max Mn 1-1.45Si 0.15-0.5

A -B Preheat<38mm 50f >38mm 125f

A633-C 46-50 min70-90or65-85

K12000Carb 0.2 max Mn 1.1-1.5Si 0.15-0.5Cb0.01 -0.05

A633-D

by thicknesssimilar same asA633-C

K12037

Carb 0.2 max Mn 0.7-1.35Si 0.15-0.5Ni 0.25 maxCr 0.25 maxMo 0.08 maxCu 0.35 max

A633-E 55-60379413

80-100or75-95

K12202 Carb 0.22 max Mn 1.15-1.5Si 0.15-0.5Cb VPreheat C-D-E<25mm 50F 25-50mm125f>50mm225fweld A633E7018E70T-5E70S-6For good impactsE8018-C3E80S-D2

E81T1-Ni1-

A642 E60XXE70XX

A643-A E7018

A643-B E8018ME80T5-K1

steel clasification and weldability.docx

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