sush final project documentation

8/12/2019 Sush Final Project Documentation

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Tour And Travel Management

Index

Introduction/Objectives

SystemAnalysis

IdentificationofNeed

PreliminaryInvestigation

FeasibilityStudy

ProjectPlanning

ProjectScheduling

Softwarerequirementspecifications(SRS)

SoftwareEngineeringParadigmapplied

DataFlowDiagrams

ClassDiagrams

SystemDesign Modularisationdetails

Dataintegrityandconstraints

Databasedesign

UserInterfaceDesign

Coding CompleteProjectCoding

CommentsandDescription

Standardizationofthecoding/CodeEfficiency

Errorhandling

Parameterscalling/passing

Validationchecks

Testing

TestingtechniquesandTestingstrategies

DebuggingandCodeimprovement

SystemSecuritymeasures

Databasedatasecurity

CreationofUserprofilesandaccessrights

CostEstimationoftheProject

Reports

PERTChart

GanttChart

FuturescopeoftheProject

Bibliography


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Introduction

T n T Travel

isanirresistiblewordwhenitcomestotourand travelpackages.Weoffertourandtravelservicesincludingticket bookings,hotel

reservations,

rental car

services,holidaytourpackages,domestictourpackages.We provide the most suitably designed as well as the customizedtravel packages to the customers. We

offer everythingrelatedtotravelling

servicesunderoneroof.

Today's etremely ehausting work environment dictatesthat individuals re!uires some "oy#ul holiday. We provide stress$#ree "oy#ul re#reshing holidays with cost competitive andcustomized packages according to their re!uirements.

W

eprovide

servicesinalmost eachandeverycityofIndia.We want to serve ourcustomers with best possible service and provide them the kind o#com#ort they want. We also want to customize our tours as perour customers re!uirement without reducing "oy or !uality o#tour. %eople o# all ages and backgrounds will come to en"oy theuni!ue, upscale, "oy#ul, and re#reshing environment that T n T

Travel

provides. We provide the transportation through itsAirways, &ailways and busses. According to the tour packages weprovide the #acilities to customers such as hotels, guesthouses,rental cars. t may vary #rom customer to customer and packages

according to need.We o(er new products and concepts #rom time to time.

)eeping the e(ect o# change o# seasons on the human mind andbody, we revise our itineraries regularly. This is because thecom#ort and the satis#action o# our customers are paramount tous. T n T Travel

o(er a large range o# travel opportunities.

Whether you're looking #or a weekend getaway to rela andindulge, a special holiday with #riends and #amily, a trip to your#avourite chillout spot or a new adventure, you've come to theright place. T n T Travel o(ers great deals and discounts on*ights, railways, hotels, holiday packages, car rental and travelactivities everything you need to plan, shop and book your trip.+on't miss our . T n T Travel best value deals on topdestinations.


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OBJECTIVE

T n T Travel have the following objectives:

The creation of a unique, upscale, innovative and customized tour Packages

that will differentiate from other companies.

To serve its customers with best possible qualit and provide themma!imum facilities with less price.

To serve and take well care of our foreign customers.

To provide transportation with best possible qualit and comfort as per our

customers need.

"nsure #ustomer satisfaction

$onour suggestions from customers

Possess complete back up services

Keys to Success

%erving with best possible qualit.

#ustomized and attentive approach to its individual customers

&aking tour packages more interesting with innovative ideas.

&ake Tour packages more attractive as well as cost effective.&aking Tour full of comfort and stress free.

To feature real beaut of 'ndia to foreigners.

The establishment of Travel %olutions as hub for socialization and

entertainment.

&arketing of products with new ideas.


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Scope of the Project

The Website

isdevelopedbasedonreallife.Itisveryhelpfulinbusiness

applications.Today's etremely ehausting work environmentdictates that individuals re!uires some "oy#ul holiday. The websitewill provides a stress$#ree "oy#ul re#reshing holidays with costcompetitive and customized packages according to theirre!uirements.

As it is web based it can provideservicesinalmost each

andeverycityofIndia.toffertourandtravelservicesincludingticket bookings,

hotelreservations,

rental car

services,holidaytourpackages,domestictour

packagesonly in one click. t provide the most suitably designed aswell as the customized travel packages to the customers. Atraveler can nd everythingrelatedtotravellingservicesunderoneroofbythis website

.The site will help to estimate the benets andcalculate the re!uirement very easily. Thebenefitswillbeintermsof

speedyquery.Smoothandfasteroperationsatalllevelsimprovetheworking

atmosphereoftheentireorganization.Maintainingthedatabaseasrequired.

Databasecanbemodifiedaccordly.


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-oals o# proposed system

1.Planned approach towards working: - Theworkingintheorganizationwill

bewellplannedandorganized.Thedatawillbestoredproperlyindatastores,

whichwillhelpinretrievalofinformationaswellasitsstorage.

2.Accuracy: - Thelevelofaccuracyintheproposedsystemwillbehigher.All

operationwouldbedonecorrectlyanditensuresthatwhateverinformationis

comingfromthecenterisaccurate.

3. Reliability: -Thereliabilityoftheproposedsystemwillbehighduetothe

abovestatedreasons.Thereasonfortheincreasedreliabilityofthesystemisthatnowtherewouldbeproperstorageofinformation.

4. No Redundancy: - Intheproposedsystemutmostcarewouldbethatno

informationisrepeatedanywhere,instorageorotherwise.Thiswouldassure

economicuseofstoragespaceandconsistencyinthedatastored.


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5.

Immediate retrieval of information: -

Themainobjectiveofproposed

systemistoprovideforaquickandefficientretrievalofinformation.Anytype

ofinformationwouldbeavailablewhenevertheuserrequires.

6.

Immediate storage of information: -

Inmanualsystemtherearemanyproblemstostorethelargestamountofinformation.

7.

Easy to perate: -

Thesystemshouldbeeasytooperateandshouldbesuch

thatitcanbedevelopedwithinashortperiodoftimeandfitinthelimitedbudget

oftheuser.

Why is System Anaysis !ecessary

+uring system analysis some activities are carried out, suchas problem denition, design, implementation. e#ore designingthe actual system/pro"ect, we should know,

0. What is the problem1

2. 3ow to solve it1

4. What are the technical #actors re!uired1

5. What are its #eatures and limitations1

# a system is designed without considering above activitiesthen the system will not work properly to the satis#action o# userre!uirement.A system 6anot be designed Without AnyAnalysis.We should have a clear idea about what is to be madeand how1# the 7ystem is properly analysed then the system willbe e(ective and proper. Analysis is the preleminary #actor whiledesigning a so#tware. 7o system analysis is necessary to designper#ect and accurate system, which satises the userre!uirement.


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system anayst 7ystem analysis is central to the whole o# systemdevelopment. t includes gathering the necessary data anddeveloping plans #or new system. This is not an easy taskbecause many people need to be satised and many con*ictsresolved.

The system analyst is the person who guides the analysis,design and implementation and maintenance o# a given system.n per#orming these #our tasks, the analyst must always match thein#ormation system ob"ectives with the goals o# organization.


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0. 7ystem analyst must determine the re!uirements o# user o# anew system so that during analysis they can discuss with usershow to design a new system that meets the re!uirements.

2. 7ystem analyst has to provide di(erent solutions to the

problem, to satis#y user re!uirements.4. The system analyst must be a able to nd out the details aboutthe system itsel#. To do this, the analyst will have to look at suchthings as #orms 8input, output #ormats9, data used by theorganization.

5. 7ystem analyst must also be able to work in environments thathave considerable ambiguity and uncertainty.

:. 7ystem analyst must also be creative and imaginative inproducing new solutions to meet user re!uirements

The multifaceted role of the analyst: The analyst plays his role in many characters. Thesevarious roles played by him are;

6hange agent

Monitor

Architect

%sychologist

7ales personMotivator

%olitician.

6hange agent;

The analyst is called as change agent because sometimes hechanges the entire policy o# industry or organization to improveoverall working as well as prot o# the organization. The change isbrought implementing new so#tware based computer system. n


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order to make this change success#ul the analyst should give useras much participation as possible while designing the system.

nvestigator and monitor;

The analyst nds out why user is not satised with the notpresent system he is using. What are the drawbacks o# pit#all inthe present system, that user wants to remove by replacing itwith new system.

The analyst also monitors the activities going on while designinga new system. The activities to be monitored include success#ulcompletion o# programs with respect to time, cost and !uality.

Architect;

7ystem analysts are like architects. 3e must work with user toidenti#y the goals and shapes o# new system. Architect rstprepares a plan and according to that plan he develops a building.A system analyst also creates several plans and develops orbuilds system according to that plan.

Psychoo"ist#

Analyst plans the role o# psychologist in the way he/she reachespeople interprets their behavior and draws conclusion #rom theirinteractions.

Saes person#

The analyst works as a sales person by giving oral presentation o#

the system at each stage o# development. The analyst should bevery good in communication and in putting his ideas be#ore theuser. Also he should be able to clari#y the issues raised by theuser at the time o# presentation.

$oti%ator#


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The analyst work as a motivator a#ter the system is implemented.t is the responsibility o# the analyst to motivate the users to usethe new system. it is directly dependent how much user

participation is given in the pro"ect design and how much e(ortsare taken to train the user, that the user can be motivated to usethe new system.

%olitician;

A politician should be a good diplomat, should have proper goodcontrol on his party members and should have good in*uence onthe people. t is true #or becoming a success#ul system analyst.

While designing a new system, the analyst should not only thinkabout the technical side but also keeping good relations, goodcontrol and good in*uences on the people with and around him.


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dentication o# need

As the tourism industrys popularity grows, the image o# tra%eand tourism begins to evolve. With a simple click o# the button,your entire nine$day itinary to ndia could be planned, booked andpaid #or.

Whenatripisorganizedwithonlinetourgroupsorpackages,itproduces

aviewofthecountrythatisfortheconsumptionofthetourist.

Tourismhasbecome

toomuchofaservice.Itisgearedtowardswhatthetouristwouldfindfamiliaror

comfortable.Ittakesawayfromthetruemissionoftravel.Tourgroupsand

itinerariesarestructuredtoofferthemostefficiencythroughoutyourtravel.But

travelinlargegroups,walkingfrombustobus,hoteltohotelprovidesaverynarrow

experienceofthecountry.

Travel service providers, operating #rom distant locations andproviding specic services to customers, can only meet a portiono# customer re!uirements. single point o#contact #or travelers, while allowing travel agents the opportunityto grow ? epand their business, without incurring any etracosts. n addition, the solution would allow customers to search#or travel service providers and book tours online.

Wemaketicket bookings,hotelreservations,c

arrentalservices,holiday

tourpackages,domestictourpackages

tomakeyourtriphasslefree.Ourtravel

packagesdesignedespeciallyfortheneedsofthecorporatesector,assuresthatourclientshaveastressfreebusiness/leisuretour,withthenitty-grittyassociatedwith

travelinglefttotheexperts.


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enets online tour and travel Management 7ystem;

&' No overhead@ many online travel agencies dont have aphysical location where they have to purchase #urniture, supplies,and hire sta(. n #act, many online travel agents operate #rom thecom#ort o# their homes. All they need is a high speed nternetconnection and access to global reservations systems. 7o themoney they save on rent, utilities, personnel and other logistics

constitute savings they can pass on to their customers. ybooking online, you also save on trips to and #rom a travel agencyin your area. ou not only save money, you save precious timeand gas.

(' Comparison shopping@ by searching #or travel dealsonline, you have the luury o# comparing prices provided byvarious online travel agencies. The idea is to read the ne print.

ou can compare them on the basis o#;

Actual #ares and discounts

%ackage deals6oupons and #reebies

Travel insurance

-roup discounts

Bast minute bookings

Cariety o# travel deals 8do they specialize in a particularcountry or to a particular age group19

7enior citizens deals

3otels and meals and transportationTour guides

%enalties #or cancellations

Thats the beauty o# online shopping. oure not scampering #romone travel oDce to another "ust to get an idea on prices. ou cancompare online deals and then narrow down your choices to


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three, ten or #teen. # you have time on your hands, you canreally save yoursel# some money by doing diligent research.

)' Ticket consolidation@ many online travel agencies have

access to a database o# discounted tickets. 7ometimes when theyhave ecess inventory, they are #orced to get rid o# as manytickets to make way #or the net travel season where they canpurchase in bulk. Travel agents usually share in#ormation ondiscount tickets that are still available #or sale, and prices arereduced on these tickets #or Esello(.F Got only can you savemoney on your ticket, but you can also nd the best *ight thatsuits your schedule best.

*' Wide network of travel-related services@ online travel

agents, through #re!uent bookings and constant research have awealth o# in#ormation that some travel agents with no onlinepresence dont have. ecause o# their ability to network rapidlywith various people who work in hotels, motels, bed andbreak#asts, railway and restaurants, online travel agents are ableto nd the best deals #or you.

+' One-stop shopping@ When it comes to *ightarrangements, railway arrangements, rental cars, tour ecursions,cruise in#ormation and accommodation, and hotels, travel agents

have a lot o# clout. They can provide a complete travel package,including shuttle service to and #rom the airport and even theservices o# a personal tour guide i# re!uested. y doing all yourtravel and travel$related shopping with a reputable online travelagency, there is no telling how much you can get done within ashort amount o# time.

H. Bast minute booking$ t used to be that travelling lastminute was epensive. Got anymore with online travel agentsI nmany cases, unsold seats on *ights or unsold rooms in hotels are

o(ered to travel agents a #ew weeks be#ore departure date atconsiderably discounted rates so they can be sold immediately. #you are travelling last minute, ask your online travel agent #or lastminute budget deals. 6hances are you might get what you want,provided your travel dates dont #all within peak travel times. utyou have to ask, not assume that it will be o(ered automaticallyI


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%reliminary nvestigationThe number o# travellers in ndia grew by 0:J in 2KK:. This

was almost twice the number o# arrivals witnessed by the country.A booming economy, with-+% growth o# more than LJ, risingdisposable incomes, higher aspirations, cheaper air

ndian tourism market either directly or through strategic

alliances.The travel industry is #acing an increasingly competitivemarketplace @ travel pro#essionals want to adopt new results$driven strategic marketing approaches to meet their uni!uechallenges. mproving the eDciency and results o# directmarketing programs, reducing marketing costs, and building morestrategic promotional and sales relationships are all key initiatives#or success. We proposed to discover how to e(ectively identi#yand target your most protable customers and prospects.

6ritical issues in the travel industry include;

impact o# downturn in travelac!uisition o# customersmaimizing customer valueMulti$channel marketingcustomer retention


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The systemsis an important element o# any marketingprogram #or the travel industry. -ain a better understanding o#your eisting customer base and learn how to more epertlytarget new customers. Analyze the composition and behavior o#

your segments to uncover a wealth o# in#ormation to help guideall aspects o# yourmarketing campaign.


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segment strategy in the way we dene our target market. We arechoosing to compete in areas that lend themselves to localcompetition, service and channel areas that match our strengths,and avoid our weaknesses.

The ma"or customers re!uire a service which will be coste(ective and also

en"oyable. The customer wants the more things in the priceon one. They want to add their knowledge, have a picnic, andmeet the god 8religious place9 in one package.

We will provide them all what they want. We will give them agood attention right #rom choosing a package to the end o# tour.We will provide the all necessary in#ormation to them.We will alsoarrange some packages gi#ts #or them

,easi-iity Study

Thefeasibilitystudyisaformalproposalforanewsystem.Beforetheprojectisto

begin,theprojectisstudiedtodeterminewhatexactlytheuserwantsdependingupontheresultofinitialinvestigation.Thesurveyisexpandedtomoredetailedstudy.

Feasibilitystudycanbeunderstoodbygivingtheanswer/solutionofthesetheirrequirements:-


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Whataretheusersdemonstrableneedsandhowdoesacandidatesystemmeetthem?

Ournewsystemcoversallthebasicoftheuserfore.g.:asmentionedearlierthatourdatabaseisMsaccess,whichdoesnothaveanylimitationtostoredata.Andoneof

themajoradvantagesofnewsystemisthatitavoidsredundancymeansthereisno

repetitionofthedata.

Afeasibilityanalysisinvolvesadetailedassessmentoftheneed,valueand

practicalityofaproposedenterprise,suchassystemsdevelopment.Theprocessof

designingandimplementingrecord-keepingsystemshassufficientaccountabilityand

resourceimplicationsforanorganization.Feasibilityanalysiswillhelpyoumake

informandtransparentdecisionatcrucialpointsduringthedevelopmentalprocessto

determinewhetheritisoperationally,economicallyandtechnicallyrealisticto

producewithaparticularcourseofaction.

Whatresourcesareavailableforgivencandidatesystem?Istheproblemworthsolving?

Intheexistingsystemtheoperaorhastolearnalltheoperationofthecommands.

Whicheveriscominginlightwhileoperatingaparticularformthenonehelpcalled

tooltipwillcomeifthemousepointcomesoncorrespondingfieldsofparticularform.

Whatisthelikelyimpactofthecandidatesystemontheorganization?&Howwill

doiffitwithintheorganizationsmasterM.I.S.plan:-

Thenewsystemiswellfittedintheofficeworkingcondition,becauseitcoversall

basicneedsoftheuserworkingintheoffice.Itislesstediousandlesstime

consuming.

!echnical feasibility

Astudyofresourceavailabilitythatmayaffecttheabilitytoachieveanacceptable

system.Thisevaluationdetermineswhetherthetechnologyneededfortheproposed

systemisavailableornot.

Cantheworkfortheprojectbedonewithcurrentequipmentexistingsoftware

technology&availablepersonal?

Canthesystembeupgradedifdeveloped?Ifnewtechnologyisneededthenwhatcanbedeveloped?


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Thisisconcernedwithspecifyingequipmentandsoftwarethatwillsuccessfullysatisfytheuserrequirement.

Thetechnicalneedsofthesystemmayinclude:

"ront-end and back-end selection

Animportantissueforthedevelopmentofaprojectistheselectionofsuitablefront-

endandback-end.Whenwedecidedtodeveloptheprojectwewentthroughan

extensivestudytodeterminethemostsuitableplatformthatsuitstheneedsofthe

organizationaswellashelpsindevelopmentoftheproject.Theaspectsofourstudy

includedthefollowingfactors.

"ront-end selection:

Itmusthaveagraphicaluserinterfacethatassistsemployeeswho

arenot

epert users.

Scalabilityandextensibility.

Flexibility.

Robustness.

Accordingtotheorganizationrequirementandtheculture.

Mustprovideexcellentreportingfeatureswithgoodprintingsupport.

Platformindependent.

Easytodebugandmaintain.

Eventdrivenprogrammingfacility.

FrontendmustsupportsomepopularbackendlikeMsAccess.

AccordingtotheabovestatedfeaturesweselectedVB6.0asthefront-endfor

developingourproject.

Economical feasibility


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EconomicjustificationisgenerallytheBottomLineconsiderationformost

systems.Economicjustificationincludesabroadrangeofconcernsthatincludescost

benefit

analysis.Inthisweweightthecostandthebenefitsassociatedwiththe

candidate

systemandifitsuitsthebasicpurposeoftheorganizationi.e.profit

making,the

project

ismakingtotheanalysisanddesignphase.

Thefinancialandtheeconomicquestionsduringthepreliminaryinvestigation

are

verifiedtoestimatethefollowing:

Thecosttoconductafullsysteminvestigation.

(

Thecostofhardwareandsoftwarefortheclassofapplicationbeing

considered.

(

Thebenefitsintheformofreducedcost.(

Theproposedsystemwillgivetheminuteinformation,asaresultthe

performanceisimprovedwhichinturnmaybeexpectedtoprovideincreased

profits.

Thisfeasibilitycheckswhetherthesystemcanbedevelopedwiththeavailable

funds.The7ytemdoesnotrequireenormousamountof moneytobedeveloped.

Thiscanbedoneeconomicallyifplannedjudicially,soit

iseconomicallyfeasible.

Thecostofprojectdependsuponthenumberofmanhoursrequired.

perational "easibility

Itismainlyrelatedtohumanorganizationsandpoliticalaspects.Thepointstobe

consideredare:

( Whatchangeswillbebroughtwiththesystem?( Whatorganizationstructuresaredisturbed?

Whatnewskillswillberequired?Dotheexistingstaffmembershavethese

skills?Ifnot,cantheybetrainedinduecourseoftime?

ThesystemisoperationallyfeasibleasitveryeasyfortheEnduserstooperateit.It


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onlyneedsbasicinformationaboutWindowsplatform.

#chedule feasibility

Timeevaluationisthemostimportantconsiderationinthedevelopmentofproject.The timeschedulerequiredforthedevelopedofthisprojectis

veryimportants incemore developmenttimeeffectmachinetime,costandcausedelayinthedevelopmentof othersystems.

.e"a ,easi-iity

Begal #easibility is the determination o# any in#ringement,violation, or the liability that could result #rom the development o#the system.

$ana"ement ,easi-iityThe management is always interested in the system that canprovide more eDciency at a lower cost. =ur system is made #ororganizations that constantly want to keep their customersupdated with the transaction results.

#teps in feasibility analysis

Eightstepsinvolvedinthefeasibilityanalysisare:

Formaprojectteamandappointaprojectleader.


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Preparesystemflowcharts.

Enumeratepotentialproposedsystem.

Defineandidentifycharacteristicsofproposedsystem.Determineandevaluateperformanceandcosteffectiveofeachproposed

system.Weightsystemperformanceandcostdata.

Selectthebest-proposedsystem.

Prepareandreportfinalprojectdirectivetomanagement.

0.


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5. +escribe and identi#y characteristics o# thesystem;

The team begins a preliminary evaluation in an attempt toreduce them to a manageable number. The in#ormation along with

additional data available through the vendor highlights thepositive and negative #eatures o# the system. The constraintsuni!ue to each system are also specied.

:. +etermine and evaluate per#ormance and cost$e(ectivenessthe system;

The systems per#ormance is evaluated against the systemper#ormance re!uirements set prior to the #easibility study.

Whatever the 6riteria, there has to be as close a match aspracticable, although trade$o( are o#ten necessary to select thebest system.

The cost encompasses both designing and installing thesystem. t includes user training, updating the physical #acilities ?documenting. 7ystem %er#ormance criteria are evaluated againstthe cost o# each system to determine which system is likely to bethe most cost e(ective and also meets the per#ormancere!uirements. 6ost are most easily determine when the receipts i#the systems are tangible and measurable. An additional #actor toconsider is the cost o# the study design and $re!uirements.

H. Weight system per#ormance and cost data;

n this step each system is weighted by its per#ormance andcost data by applying a rating gure. Then the candidate systemwith the highest total score is selected.Assign a weighing #actor to each evaluation criterion based on thecriterias e(ect on the success o# the system. Assign a!uantitative rating to each criterion !ualitative rating.

7.Selectthebest-proposedsystem.


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The system with the highest total score is "udged the bestsystem. This assumes the weighing #actors are #air and rating o#each evaluating criteria is accurate.Most #easibility study select #rom more candidate systems. The

criteria chosen and the constraints are also more comple. n anycase, management cooperation and comments, however, areencouraged.

O.


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%ro"ect %lanning And 7cheduling

PERT6hart

APERTchartisaprojectmanagementtoolusedtoschedule,organize,and

coordinatetaskswithinaproject.PERTstandsfor ProgramEvaluationReview

Technique

,amethodologydevelopedbytheU.S.Navyinthe1950stomanagethe

Polarissubmarinemissileprogram.

A %N&T chart presents a graphic illustration o# a pro"ect as anetwork diagram consisting o# numbered nodesrepresentingevents, or milestones in the pro"ect linked by labelled vectors8directional lines9 representing tasks in the pro"ect. The directiono# the arrows on the lines indicates the se!uence o# tasks


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-antt 6hart

A -antt chart is a type o# bar chart that illustrates a pro"ectschedule.-antt charts illustrate the start and nish dates o# theterminal element and summary elements o# a pro"ect. Terminalelements and summary elements comprise the work breakdowno# the pro"ect. 7ome -antt charts also show the dependeccy 8i.e,precedence network9 relationships between activities. -anttcharts can be used to show current schedule status using percent$

complete

Pul

Aug

7ept

=ct

Gov

+ec

Pan


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cluttered or unreadable chart. ecause the horizontal bars o# a-antt chart have a ed height, they can misrepresent the time$phased workload 8resource re!uirements9 o# a pro"ect. n theeample shown in this article, Activities N and - appear to be the

same size, but in reality they may be orders o# magnitudedi(erent. A related criticism is that all activities o# a -antt chartshow planned workload as constant

Project Cate"oryThis Software is basically a client server based alication system that means though having

users interaction and inut!outut conversation" yet it will be oerated from any machine"

which are attached with the server# Basically it will maintain a server based communicationand e$change ideas and also they can receive services from every corner of the

organi%ation# Any tye of resonse can generate on the real time basis" i#e# instantly the

user can get their answers against various queries#


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+N7-G 7%N6


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Thissoftwareprovidesthefacilityofhavingthecomplete

infrastructureofthehouse,etc.Theperformanceofthesoftwareincludes

theflexibilityofthesoftware.

'% "lexibility:-

Onefeatureoftheflexibilityisadaptability,whichisofthe

easeofextendingtheproduct.Inthefieldofflexibility,thesoftware

coversallfactorstobeconsidered.Forexample:knowingtheastrological

sign,KUAnumber,andetc.ofaparticularperson.

(% )sability : -

Thepointstobeconsideredwhilethinkingofusabilityare

portabilityandunderstandability.

Whiledesigningthissoftware,wealwaystrytomakeitmore

portable,shouldnotconsumemorespaceaswell.AsweareusingHTML

safront-end,whichisveryuserfriendly,soitscoresfullmarksin

understanding.

*% #ecurity : -

Securitycontrolandaccessofsoftwareordatafileshouldbe

maintainedinthissoftware.

+% ,apacity : -

The so#tware, when under development shouldbe developed in such a way that the number o# les, dataelements, etc. and size o# each o# them should beconsidered. t should not a(ect the users system, so that


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he/she can make up gradations or degradations in thesystem hardware or so#tware.

% Performance

: -

Thelanguage,inwhichthepackageisdeveloped,shouldbe

wellknownorsayshouldbeawaretotheprogrammers.Theoperating

system mayalsoaffectitsperformance.Thesebothfactorsareimportant

forconsideration.Thissoftwareshouldbeeconomicalforbuyingand

shouldbeuserfriendly.

Inourproject,wehaveconsideredallabovefactorsanddevelopedsuchaprojecthatcanruninallenvironmentsbutmaybe

supportedbyApacheserver.

SO,TWA4E 4E56I4E$E!TS#

Operating system : Windows 2000 or later

)ront "nd : *sp.+et

ack "nd : %- %erver /000 .

anguage : #1


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1A47WA4E SPECI,ICATIO!S

Processor : 'ntel Pentium or more

2am : 3/4 & or more

#ache : 53/ 6

$ard disk : 37 8 hard disk recommended


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&e!uirement 7pecications

The .Get


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Toprovideaconsistentobject-orientedprogrammingenvironmentwhether

objectcodeisstoredandexecutedlocally,executedlocallybutInternet-

distributed,orexecutedremotely.Toprovideacode-executionenvironmentthatminimizessoftware

deploymentandversioningconflicts.Toprovideacode-executionenvironmentthatguaranteessafeexecutionof

code,includingcodecreatedbyanunknownorsemi-trustedthirdparty.

Toprovideacode-executionenvironmentthateliminatestheperformance

problemsofscriptedorinterpretedenvironments.

Tomakethedeveloperexperienceconsistentacrosswidelyvaryingtypesof

applications,suchasWindows-basedapplicationsandWeb-based

applications.

Tobuildallcommunicationonindustrystandardstoensurethatcodebased

onthe.NETFrameworkcanintegratewithanyothercode.

. NETFrameworkClassLibrary

The.NETFrameworkclasslibraryisacollectionofreusabletypesthattightly

integratewiththecommonlanguageruntime.Theclasslibraryisobjectoriented,

providingtypesfromwhichyourownmanagedcodecanderivefunctionality.This

notonlymakesthe.NETFrameworktypeseasytouse,butalsoreducesthetime

associatedwithlearningnew

featuresofthe.NETFramework.Inaddition,third-

partycomponentscanintegrateseamlesslywithclassesinthe.NETFramework.

Forexample,the.NETFrameworkcollectionclassesimplementasetof

interfacesthatyoucanusetodevelopyourowncollectionclasses.Yourcollection

classeswillblendseamlesslywiththeclassesinthe.NETFramework.

Asyouwouldexpectfromanobject-orientedclasslibrary,the.NET

Frameworktypesenableyoutoaccomplisharangeofcommonprogrammingtasks,includingtaskssuchasstringmanagement,datacollection,databaseconnectivity,

andfileaccess.Inadditiontothesecommontasks,theclasslibraryincludestypesthatsupportavarietyofspecializeddevelopmentscenarios.

Forexample,youcanusethe.NETFrameworktodevelopthefollowingtypes

ofapplicationsandservices:

Consoleapplications.

Scriptedorhostedapplications.WindowsGUIapplications(WindowsForms).

ASP.NETapplications.XMLWebservices.

Windowsservices.


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ClientApplicationDevelopment

Clientapplicationsaretheclosesttoatraditionalstyleofapplicationin

Windows-basedprogramming.Thesearethetypesofapplicationsthatdisplaywindowsorformsonthedesktop,enablingausertoperformatask.Client

applicationsincludeapplicationssuchaswordprocessorsandspreadsheets,aswellascustombusinessapplicationssuchasdata-entrytools,reportingtools,andsoon.

Clientapplicationsusuallyemploywindows,menus,buttons,andotherGUIelements,andtheylikelyaccesslocalresourcessuchasthefilesystemand

peripheralssuchasprinters.

Inthepast,developerscreatedsuchapplicationsusingC/C++inconjunctionwiththeMicrosoftFoundationClasses(MFC)orwitharapidapplication

development(RAD)environmentsuchasMicrosoftVisualBasic.The.NET

Frameworkincorporatesaspectsoftheseexistingproductsintoasingle,consistent

developmentenvironmentthatdrasticallysimplifiesthedevelopmentofclientapplications.TheWindowsFormsclassescontainedinthe.NETFrameworkare

designedtobeusedforGUIdevelopment.Youcaneasilycreatecommandwindows,

buttons,menus,toolbars,andotherscreenelementswiththeflexibilitynecessaryto

accommodateshiftingbusinessneeds.

A#P.Net

ASP.NETisaprogrammingframeworkbuiltonthecommonlanguage

runtimethatcanbeusedonaservertobuildpowerfulWebapplications.ASP.NET

offersseveralimportantadvantagesoverpreviousWebdevelopmentmodels:

EnhancedPerformance.ASP.NETiscompiledcommonlanguageruntimecoderunningontheserver.Unlikeitsinterpretedpredecessors,ASP.NET

cantakeadvantageofearlybinding,just-in-timecompilation,nativeoptimization,andcachingservicesrightoutofthebox.


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World-ClassToolSupport.TheASP.NETframeworkiscomplementedby

arichtoolboxanddesignerintheVisualStudiointegrateddevelopment

environment.WYSIWYGediting,drag-and-dropservercontrols,andautomaticdeploymentarejustafewofthefeaturesthispowerfultool

provides.PowerandFlexibility.BecauseASP.NETisbasedonthecommon

languageruntime,thepowerandflexibilityofthatentireplatformis

availabletoWebapplicationdevelopers.The.NETFrameworkclass

library,Messaging,andDataAccesssolutionsareallseamlesslyaccessible

fromtheWeb.ASP.NETisalsolanguage-independent,soyoucanchoose

thelanguagethatbestappliestoyourapplicationorpartitionyour

applicationacrossmanylanguages.Further,commonlanguageruntime

interoperabilityguaranteesthatyourexistinginvestmentinCOM-based

developmentispreservedwhenmigratingtoASP.NET.

Simplicity.ASP.NETmakesiteasytoperformcommontasks,from

simpleformsubmissionandclientauthenticationtodeploymentandsiteconfiguration.Forexample,theASP.NETpageframeworkallowsyouto

builduserinterfacesthatcleanlyseparateapplicationlogicfrompresentationcodeandtohandleeventsinasimple,VisualBasic-like

formsprocessingmodel.Additionally,thecommonlanguageruntime

simplifiesdevelopment,withmanagedcodeservicessuchasautomatic

referencecountingandgarbagecollection.

Manageability.ASP.NETemploysatext-based,hierarchicalconfiguration

system,whichsimplifiesapplyingsettingstoyourserverenvironmentand

Webapplications.Noserverrestartisrequired,eventodeployorreplace

runningcompiledcode.

ScalabilityandAvailability.ASP.NEThasbeendesignedwithscalability

inmind,withfeaturesspecificallytailoredtoimproveperformancein

clusteredandmultiprocessorenvironments.Further,processesarecloselymonitoredandmanagedbytheASP.NETruntime,sothatifone

misbehaves(leaks,deadlocks),anewprocesscanbecreatedinitsplace,whichhelpskeepyourapplicationconstantlyavailabletohandlerequests.

CustomizabilityandExtensibility.ASP.NETdeliversawell-factored

architecturethatallowsdevelopersto"plug-in"theircodeatthe

appropriatelevel.Infact,itispossibletoextendorreplaceany

subcomponentoftheASP.NETruntimewithyourowncustom-written

component.Implementingcustomauthenticationorstateserviceshas

neverbeeneasier.

Security.WithbuiltinWindowsauthenticationandper-application

configuration,youcanbeassuredthatyourapplicationsaresecure.


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LanguageSupport

TheMicrosoft.NETPlatformcurrentlyoffersbuilt-insupportforthree

languages:C#,VisualBasic,andJScript.

SQLSERVER


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Adatabaseisastructuredcollectionofdata.Datareferstothecharacteristics

ofpeople,thingsandevents.SQLServerstoreseachdataiteminitsownfields.In

SQLServer,thefieldsrelatingtoaparticularperson,thingoreventarebundledtogethertoformasinglecompleteunitofdata,calledarecord(itcanalsobe

referredtoasraworanoccurrence).Eachrecordismadeupofanumberoffields.Notwofieldsinarecordcanhavethesamefieldname.DuringanSQLServer

Databasedesignproject,theanalysisofyourbusinessneedsidentifiesallthefieldsor

attributesofinterest.Ifyourbusinessneedschangeovertime,youdefineany

additionalfieldsorchangethedefinitionofexistingfields.SQLServermakesitvery

easytolinkthedatainmultipletables.NotonlydoesSQLServerallowyoutolink

multipletables,italsomaintainsconsistencybetweenthem.Ensuringthatthedata

amongrelatedtablesiscorrectlymatchedisreferredtoasmaintainingreferentialintegrity.

FEATURESOFSQLSERVER(RDBMS)

SQLSERVERisoneoftheleadingdatabasemanagementsystems(DBMS)

becauseitistheonlyDatabasethatmeetstheuncompromisingrequirementsof

todaysmostdemandinginformationsystems.Fromcomplexdecisionsupportsystems(DSS)tothemostrigorousonlinetransactionprocessing(OLTP)

application,evenapplicationthatrequiresimultaneousDSSandOLTPaccesstothesamecriticaldata,SQLServerleadstheindustryinbothperformanceandcapability

7Q

LSERVERisatrulyportable,distributed,andopenDBMSthatdelivers

unmatchedperformance,continuousoperationandsupportforeverydatabase.

SQLSERVERRDBMSishighperformancefaulttolerantDBMSwhichis

speciallydesignedforonlinetransactionsprocessingandforhandlinglargedatabaseapplication.

SQLSERVERwithtransactionsprocessingoptionofferstwofeatureswhich

contributetoveryhighleveloftransactionprocessingthroughput,whichareTherowlevellockmanagerEnterprisewideDataSharing.

TheunrivaledportabilityandconnectivityoftheSQLSERVERDBMS

enablesallthesystemsintheorganizationtobelinkedintoasingular,integrated

computingresource.

-oals o# proposed system

1.Planned approach towards working: - Theworkingintheorganizationwill

bewellplannedandorganized.Thedatawillbestoredproperlyindatastores,

whichwillhelpinretrievalofinformationaswellasitsstorage.


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2.Accuracy: - Thelevelofaccuracyintheproposedsystemwillbehigher.All

operationwouldbedonecorrectlyanditensuresthatwhateverinformationiscomingfromthecenterisaccurate.

3. Reliability: -Thereliabilityoftheproposedsystemwillbehighduetothe

abovestatedreasons.Thereasonfortheincreasedreliabilityofthesystemisthat

nowtherewouldbeproperstorageofinformation.

4.

No Redundancy: -

Intheproposedsystemutmostcarewouldbethatno

informationisrepeatedanywhere,instorageorotherwise.Thiswouldassure

economicuseofstoragespaceandconsistencyinthedatastored.

5.

Immediate retrieval of information: -

Themainobjectiveofproposed

systemistoprovideforaquickandefficientretrievalofinformation.Anytype

ofinformationwouldbeavailablewhenevertheuserrequires.

6.Immediate storage of information: - Inmanualsystemtherearemany

problemstostorethelargestamountofinformation.

7.

Easy to perate: -

Thesystemshouldbeeasytooperateandshouldbesuch

thatitcanbedevelopedwithinashortperiodoftimeandfitinthelimitedbudget

oftheuser.

/aterfall model


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The water#all model is a popular version o# the systemdevelopment li#e cycle model #or so#tware engineering. =#tenconsidered the classic approach to the systems development li#ecycle, the water#all model describes a development method that

is linear and se!uential. Water#all development has distinct goals#or each phase o# development. magine a water#all on the cli( o#a steep mountain. =nce the water has *owed over the edge o# thecli( and has begun its "ourney down the side o# the mountain, itcannot turn back. t is the same with water#all development. =ncea phase o# development is completed, the development proceedsto the net phase and there is no turning back.

The advantage o# water#all development is that it allows #or

departmentalization and managerial control. A schedule can beset with deadlines #or each stage o# development and a productcan proceed through the development process like a car in acarwash, and theoretically, be delivered on time. +evelopmentmoves #rom concept, through design, implementation, testing,installation, troubleshooting, and ends up at operation andmaintenance. Nach phase o# development proceeds in strictorder, without any overlapping or iterative steps.

The disadvantage o# water#all development is that it does

not allow #or much re*ection or revision. =nce an application is inthe testing stage, it is very diDcult to go back and changesomething that was not well$thought out in the concept stage.Alternatives to the water#all model include "oint applicationdevelopment 8PA+9, rapid application development 8&A+9, synchand stabilize, build and , and the 7piral model.


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)ig : 9ater)all &odel


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THE COMPLETE STRUCTURE

T >n T Travels is an >

OneStopShops

forallkindsoftourandtravel

products

toservethedomesticandinternationaltouristsatanytime,anymoment

andanywhereinanypartsofthendia

.Itisacompleteonlinetravelsolutionportal

inthesensethatthetravelersneednotrequiremovingtodifferenttravelagentsfordifferentservicesinvolvedintheentiretravelprocess.Sittingatoneplace,travelers

canenquire,navigateandaskforeverythingrelatedtotravelservices.Themajorlistofonlinetravelservicesincludeonlineflightbooking,onlinehotelbooking,online

cruise booking , onlinecar/busbooking.

Theentiresystemisuser-friendlythat

guidesthetravelersautomaticallywhile making their reservation.

Overall Description

T n T Travels arrangesholidaysforcustomers.t offertourandtravel

servicesincludingticket bookings,hotelreservations,

rental car

services,holidaytourpackages,domestictourpackages. Bookingsaremadeonline directlyby

customers.The customer has to register himsel#/hersel# as ourregistered customer. Gow he/she can select package toursprovided by us or can customize his/hers own tour. Whenacustomerselect his tour venue, then he/she may selectsotheraccommodations #rom

flightdetails,railway details, cruise details,bus details

andhoteldetailsaccording to their will. The registeredcustomer can also reserve tickets only or book hotel only through

our site. They can also choose rental car services and guide#acility also according to their re!uirements. We provide #ull#reedom to our customer to make their choice #rom the vastin#ormation provided by us according to their com#ort andnances.

ThedetailsareenteredontoaProvisionalBookingfile.

Thecustomermustconfirmthisbookingwithinthreedaysbysendinga

depositof10%ofthecosts.Onreceiptofthedeposit,Reservationstransferthe

detailsfromtheProvisionalBookingsfiletothe6onrm Bookingsfile.

FourweeksbeforetheTourisdue,wesendaninvoicetothecustomerfor

theremainingcosts.The Customeris notied

whenthefullpaymentisreceived

via Nmail or 7ms ,andCustomerServicesthensendticketsand other

instructionsand in#ormations

tothecustomervia email

.The tickets arethen send to the customers by mail.

6ustomer can also cancel their reservation online. Theregister customer log into our site and can conrm theirreservation. The cancelation is conrmed by the administrator


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and then re#und amount is send to the customer within : daysdeducting the cancelation charges.

Functional Description

T >n T Travels impeccable services and well researched ?planned out tour itineraries have drawn us a veritable list o#clients #rom the world over. We believe in a simple philosophy thatreads as S-ive the customer what they ask #or$$$an ecellenttravel entertainment with complete peace o# mind andsatis#actionS. n the short span o# time we have generated hugenumber o# clients who en"oys our *awless services and #acilities.

The different &odules involved in online Tour *nd Travelmanagement sstem are as follows.

6ustomer &egistrationTour %ackages And 3oliday =nline Ticket &eservation =nline


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identied by the user name. The customer conrms theirreservation or makes any !uery using the user id.

TourPackagesAndHoliday

TnTTravels offersavarietyoftoursforGroupsandIndividualtouristsandhas

beenabletomastermindtourpackageswithgreatdealofefficiency.Someofour

tourpackagesare:Tailor-madepackages,culturaltourspackages,adventuretour

packages,desert tour packages , beachtourpackages,religioustourpackages,

safaritourpackages,festivaltourpackages,artandcraftstourpackages,wildlife

tourpackages,conferencetourpackagesetc.andmuchmorepackagesintheIndian

Subcontinent.=ur nbound Tour division specializes in a widespectrum o# tours packages.

=nline Ticket &eservation

T >n T Travels allows its customers to reserve ticket onlinethrough its own site visit.com.Cisit.com contains a huge

in#ormation regarding all types o# convenes throughout ndia incomparatively less price. 6ustomer may select their own way o#communication according to their re!uirements.

Travelsboastsofa

modern and computerized infrastructure.Thisenablesusto assure immediate

reservations to our customers and provide them with relevant onlineinformation..The advantage o# booking your online ticket is that youreceive "e-tickets"instantly ,whichconsistofanumberthatidentifiesyourtransaction. Thisnotonlysavesyourtimebutalsohelpsyoutocompareandfind

thebestdealsonyourtravel.

=nline


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bestdealsonyourtravel.The customers canbookconsolidatedairfaresand

discountflightticketsonlineforanypartofndia .We o(er a very simplereservation process. ou need to select or enter the desireddestination, enter the dates o# arrival and departure, enter the

airline you are willing to travel through and enter the number o#tickets re!uired.

The ticketsareissuedas"e-tickets",whichconsistofa

numberthat

identifiesyourtransaction.Whenyouprintthise-ticketnumberand

takeittotheairport,youusuallyuseaself-serviceway toprintaboardingpass,

whichwillallowyoutoboardtheaircraft.

=nline &ailway &eservation

&ail in ndia is now the one o# best option to see real ndia.

Ouronlinereservationsystemhelpsusinconfirmingthebookingsinstantlyevenin

theverybusysectors.Justletusknowtheplaceandtimeandwewilldotherestas

soonaspossible.Thisnotonlysavesyourtimebutalsohelpsyoutocompareand

findthebestdealsonyour. The customer may select #rom the choicesavailable in our site visit.com such as A6 coaches, 7leepercoaches, A6 chair cars, n T Travels provide online busticket booking services in ndia to reserve bus ticket up to 0K,KKK destinations, with almost every ma"or tourist places, worshipplaces and suburb places o# ndia. Ouronlinereservationsystemhelpsus

inconfirmingthebookingsinstantlyevenintheverybusysectors.Justletusknow

theplaceandtimeandwewilldotherestassoonaspossible.Nvery kind o#


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buses is available at visit.com site such as Colvo bus, sleeper bus,A6 bus and non A6 bus. The process #or reserving a ticket ornumerous tickets is very easy and short time process.We o(er avery simple reservation process. ou need to select or enter the

desired destination, enter the dates we are willing to departure,enter the bus type, enter your desired seats and the number o#tickets re!uired.

Ouronlinereservationsystem helpsusinconfirmingthe

bookingsinstantlyevenintheverybusysectors.Justletusknowtheplaceandtime

andwewilldotherestassoonaspossible

=nline 3otel ooking

Choosingtherightplacetostayisthemostimportantthingwhenitcomesto

vacations.Ifyouchooseagoodvacationhouse,youcanhaveagreattimewithyour

familyandfriends.Conversely,ifyouchooseashabbyplace,thewholevacation

couldturnintoanightmare.With our elaborated network o#

collaboration with the hotels in almost every part o# the ndian

subcontinent T >n T Travels provide our services o# individual or

group booking in any hotel o# any category. Got only this, we

always try to o(er lucrative discounted rates to our clients. We

will be happy to make the re!uisite arrangements #or you. We

o(er a very simple reservation process. ou need to select or

enter the desired city, enter the dates o# arrival and departure

and enter the number o# guests. ou could also search by a

specic hotel name within a city. A list o# hotels or vacation

rentals will appear on the screen.

Afterroomtypesandratesarereturnedtoyourscreen,youwillbeabletochoosetherateyoudesirebyreadingtheroominformationinthecenterofthe

screen,thenclickingonthe BookIt

buttonontherightsideofthescreen.Afteryouhaveselectedyourdesiredroomtype,youwillbetakentoa"SecureReservation

Request"form.Thenyouwillneedtoreviewthe"ReservationInformation"andfill

intheblanksonthe"GuestInformation"section.Besurethatyouwriteyourname


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andemailaddresscorrectly.Afteryoufilloutalloftheneededinformation,press

the"SubmitReservation"button.

Rental

6ar Services

# you are looking #or best, reliable and a(ordable carand taisrental services in ndia then you have reached your destination. T>n T Travel provide reliable and a(ordable car and tais rentalservices. =ur car ? tais rental services take care o# your timeand strive to give you the best customer satis#action.

The customer can avail our Airport trans#er 6ars and taisrental services in ndia or you can go #or


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6ustomer can also cancel their reservation online. The register

customer log into our site visit.com and can re!uest #or

cancelation o# their reservation. The cancelation is conrmed by

the administrator and then re#und amount is send to the customerwithin : days deducting the cancelation charges. The # the

cancellation is received be#ore #our weeks be#ore the departure

date, then :KJ o# appropriate deposit shall be #or#eited. n the

event o# the cancellation being 4K days or less prior to the

departure date the #ollowing charges will apply, with a minimum

cancellation #ee o# the original deposit,

More than 5weeks :KJ o# deposit

40 days to 0: days $$$$4KJ o# tour cost0: days or 2daysOKJ o# tour cost

2days and less $$$$$ 0KKJ o# the tour cost

7ystem Algorithm

6ustomer &egistration

#tep$. #tart

#tep&. Enter !o !he #ite0s 1ome Page

#tep'. ,lick n !he 2New Registration3 4ink

#tep(. "ill )p !he Registration "orm In !he #ite

#tep*. #et )ser Name And Password

#tep+. #top.

Tour %ackages And 3oliday ooking


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#tep$. #tart


#tep'. ,lick n !he 2Pac8a"e 3 4ink

#tep(. Seect Cate"ory Pac8a"e'

#tep*. Vie/ 7etais

Step 9'Cic8 on :Boo8 no/ : Button

Step ;',i up the Tra%eers 7etais ,orm

Step


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#tep$. #tart


#tep'. ,lick n !he 24ai/ay 3 4ink

#tep(. ,i up the :4ai/ay Searchin" ,orm'

#tep*. Vie/ 7etais accordin" to your 4eurements'



Step


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=nline 3otel &eservation

#tep$. #tart


#tep'. ,lick n !he 21ote

3 4ink

#tep(. ,i up the :1ote Searchin" ,orm'

#tep*. Vie/ 7etais accordin" to your 4eurements'



Step


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6ancelation

#tep$. #tart

#tep&. Enter !o !he $y Account Page

#tep'. ,lick n !he 2$y Boo8in" 3 4ink

#tep(. Seect the Boo8in" >ou /ant to Cance'

#tep*. Vie/ 7etais of the Boo8in"'

Step 9'Cic8 on :Cance no/ : Button

Step ;' Con2rm your Caceation'

Step


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Gew


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Gew 3otel +etails

#tep$. #tart

Step('Admin .o" In'

#tep)

. Enter !o !he Admin $aster

Page

Step *'Seect ne/ Insert Type

Step+' ,i up the 1ote 7etais form'

Step9' 6poad Picture '

Step;'Stop'

Gew Rental6ar

+etails

#tep$. #tart

Step('Admin .o" In'

#tep) . Enter !o !he Admin $asterPage

Step *'Seect ne/ Insert Type

Step+' ,i up the 4enta Car 7etais form'

Step9' 6poad Picture '

Step;'Stop'

Ndit Tour %ackages And 3oliday +etails

#tep$. #tart

Step('Admin .o" In'

#tep) . Enter !o !he Admin $aster Page

Step *'Seect Edit Insert Type

Step+' Seect the Pac8a"e reuired to $odi2ed '

Step 9'Edit Pac8a"e tour 7etais'

Step;'Edit Picture and Ima"es of the Pac8a"e Tour'

Step


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Ndit


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Step('Admin .o" In'

#tep) . Enter !o !he Admin $asterPage

Step *'Seect edit Insert Type

Step+' Seect the Bus reuired to $odi2ed '

Step 9'Edit Bus 7etais'

Step;'Edit Picture and Ima"es of the Bus'

Step


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ptimi5ation

The optimization o# the =nline Travel system is achieved as#ollows;

0. The code o# database connectivity is segregated, i.e., it iswritten in a di(erent section under one bean, this bean is used todo interaction with the database server. The connection withdatabase is done by this bean, in the de#ault constructor o# every


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server class implementing load balancer.

2. The pro"ect unlike other systems which are based on round

robin scheduling or


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#oftware !esting !echni6ues

7o#tware testing is a critical element o# so#tware !ualityassurance and represents the ultimate review o# specication,design, and code generation. The increasing visibility o# so#twareas a system element and the attendant costs associated with aso#tware #ailure are motivating #orces #or well planned, throughtesting.

The main ob"ectives o# testing are listed below;

Testingisaprocessofexecutingaprogramwiththeintentoffindinganerror.

Agoodtestcaseisonethathasahighprobabilityoffindinganas-yet-

undiscoverederror.

Asuccessfultestisonethatuncoversanas-yet-undiscoverederror.

Softwareistestedfromtwodifferentperspectives:(1)internalprogramlogic

isexercisedusing"white-box"testcasedesigntechniques.

(2)Softwarerequirementsareexercisedusing"black-box"testcasedesign

techniques.Inbothcases,theintentistofindthemaximumnumberoferrors

withtheminimumamountofeffortandtime.


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#oftware !esting #trategies

Unit Testing

t #ocuses on the smallest unit o# so#tware design $ the so#twarecomponent or module. Rsing the component level designdescription as a guide, important control paths are tested touncover errors within the boundary o# the module. The relativecompleity o# tests and uncovered errors is limited by theconstrained scope established #or unit testing. The unit test iswhite$bo oriented, and the step can be conducted in parallel #ormultiple components. The tests that occur as part o# unit tests arelisted below;

ModuleInterfaceistestedtoensurethatinformationproperlyflowsintoand

outoftheprogramunitundertest.Testsofdataflowacrossamodule

interfacearerequiredbeforeanyothertestisinitiated.Ifdatadoesnotenter

andexitproperly,allothertestsaremoot.

LocalDataStructuresareexaminedtoensurethatdatastoredtemporarily

maintainsitsintegrityduringallstepsinanalgorithm'sexecution.

BoundaryConditionsaretestedtoensurethatthemoduleoperatesproperlyat

boundariesestablishedtolimitorrestrictprocessing.


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IndependentPathsareexercisedtoensurethatallstatementsinamodulehave

beenexecutedatleastonce.

ErrorHandlingPathsarealsotested.

7elective testing o# eecution paths is an essential task during theunit test. asis path and loop testing are e(ective techni!ues #oruncovering a broad array o# path errors.Among the more commonerrors in computation are

misunderstoodorincorrectarithmeticprecedence,

mixedmodeoperations

incorrectinitialization

precisioninaccuracy

incorrectsymbolicrepresentationofanexpression.

6omparison and control *ow are closely coupled to one another8i.e., change o# *ow #re!uently occurs a#ter a comparison9. Testcases should uncover errors such as

comparisonofdifferentdatatypes

incorrectlogicaloperatorsorprecedence

expectationofequalitywhenprecisionerrormakesequalityunlikely

incorrectcomparisonofvariables


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improperornonexistentlooptermination

failuretoexitwhendivergentiterationisencountered

improperlymodifiedloopvariables

Among the potential errors that should be tested when errorhandling is evaluated

Errordescriptionisunintelligible

Errornoteddoesnotcorrespondtoerrorencountered

Errorconditioncausessysteminterventionpriortoerrorhandling

Exception-conditionprocessingisincorrect

Errordescriptiondoesnotprovideenoughinformationtoassistinthelocation

ofthecauseoftheerror.

oundary testing is the last 8and probably most important9 task o#the unit test step. 7o#tware o#ten #ails at its boundaries. That is,errors o#ten occur when the nth element o# an n$dimensionalarray is processed, when the ith repetition o# a loop with i passesis invoked, when the maimum or minimum allowable value isencountered.

Integration Testing

A#ter the testing o# each module separately, all o# them aretested "ointly to check how a data *ows #rom one module toanother module. ecause this data *ow may give uncovered


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errors that have not been covered in the unit testing. And so theyare checked with #ull compilation. The ob"ective is to take unittested components and build a program structure that has beendictated by design. ntegration testing is a systematic techni!ue

#or constructing the program structure while at the same timeconducting tests to uncover errors associated with inter#acing.

Top Down Integration

Top$down integration testing is an incremental approach toconstruction o# program structure. Modules are integrated bymoving downward through the control hierarchy, beginning withthe main module. Modules subordinate to the main control

module are incorporated into the structure in either a depth rstor breadth rst manner. The top$down integration policy veriesma"or control or decision points early in the test process.

Smoke Testing

Itencompassesthefollowingactivities:

Softwarecomponentsthathavebeentranslatedintoabuild.Abuildincludes

alldatafiles,libraries,reusablemodules,andengineeredcomponentsthatare

requiredtoimplementoneormoreproductfunctions.

Aseriesoftestsisdesignedtoexposeerrorsthatwillkeepthebuildfrom

properlyperformingitsfunctions.Theintentshouldbetouncover"show

stopper"errorsthathavethehighestlikelihoodofthrowingthesoftware

projectbehindschedule.

Thebuildisintegratedwithotherbuildsandtheentireproductissmoke

testeddaily.


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Smoketestingprovidesanumberofbenefitswhenitisappliedoncomplex,

time-criticalsoftwareengineeringprojects.

Validation Testing

At the culmination o# integration testing, so#tware iscompletely assembled as a package, inter#acing errors have beenuncovered and corrected, and a nal series o# so#tware tests$validation testing$may begin. Calidation can be dened in manyways, but a simple denition is that validation succeeds whenso#tware #unctions in a manner that can be reasonably epected

by the customer. 7o#tware validation is achieved through a serieso# black bo tests that demonstrate con#ormity with there!uirements. A test plan outlines the classes o# tests to beconducted and a test procedure denes specic test cases thatwill be used to demonstrate con#ormity with re!uirements. oththe plan and procedure are designed to ensure that all #unctionalre!uirements are satised, all behavioral characteristics areachieved, all per#ormance re!uirements are attained,documentation is correct, and human engineered and other

re!uirements are met.

Stress Testing

+uring earlier so#tware testing steps, white$bo and black$botechni!ues resulted in thorough evaluation o# normal program#unctions and per#ormance 7tress tests are designed to con#rontprograms with abnormal situations n essence, the tester whoper#orms stress testing asks S3ow high can we crank this upbe#ore it #ails1S7tress testing eecutes a system in a manner that demandsresources in abnormal !uantity, #re!uency, or volume.


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specialtestsmaybedesignedthatgenerateteninterruptspersecond,when

oneortwoistheaveragerate

inputdataratesmaybeincreasedbyanorderofmagnitudetodeterminehow

inputfunctionswillrespond

testcasesthatrequiremaximummemoryorotherresourcesareexecuted

testcasesthatmaycausethrashinginavirtualoperatingsystemaredesigned

testcasesthatmaycauseexcessivehuntingfordisk-residentdataarecreated

Essentially,thetesterattemptstobreaktheprogram

Software 7aintenance

Maintenance comes under the support phase. Maintenanceaccounts #or more e(ort than any other so#tware engineeringactivity. t #ocuses on change associated with error correction,adaptations re!uired as the so#tware's environment evolves, andchanges due to enhancements brought about by changing


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customer re!uirements.


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Preventive 7aintenance :

Computersoftwaredeterioratesduetochange,andbecauseofthis,

preventivemaintenance,oftencalledsoftwarereengineering,mustbe

conductedtoenablethesoftwaretoservetheneedsofitsendusers.

Software 8uality 7easures

Although there are several measures o# so#tware !uality, we havetaken the #ollowing measures as an indicator in this pro"ect;

Correctness

Maintenance

Integrity


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Usability

Efficiency

Portability

The above #actors do not necessarily lend themselves to directmeasurement. 3owever, they provide a worthwhile basis #orindirect measures and an ecellent checklist #or assessing the!uality o# the system.

While developing the pro"ect, we have kept these measures inmind as an indicator o# !uality.


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PERT

6hart

APERTchartisaprojectmanagementtoolusedtoschedule,organize,and

coordinatetaskswithinaproject.PERT standsfor ProgramEvaluationReview

Technique

,amethodologydevelopedbytheU.S.Navyinthe1950stomanagethe

Polarissubmarinemissileprogram.


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A %N&T chart presents a graphic illustration o# a pro"ect as anetwork diagram consisting o# numbered nodes representingevents, or milestones in the pro"ect linked by labelled vectors8directional lines9 representing tasks in the pro"ect. The directiono# the arrows on the lines indicates the se!uence o# tasks

-antt 6hart

A -antt chart is a type o# bar chart that illustrates a pro"ectschedule.-antt charts illustrate the start and nish dates o# theterminal element and summary elements o# a pro"ect. Terminalelements and summary elements comprise the work breakdowno# the pro"ect. 7ome -antt charts also show the dependeccy 8i.e,


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precedence network9 relationships between activities. -anttcharts can be used to show current schedule status using percent$complete

Pul

Aug

7ept

=ct

Gov

+ec

Pan


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ThereisawidescopeforfutureimplementationofTravelandtourism

towardsaninterestingexperienceofmoderntechnologies.T >n T Travels is an>

=

neStopShops

forallkindsoftourandtravelproducts

toservethedomesticandinternationaltouristsatanytime,anymomentandanywhereinanypartsofthe

ndia.

Notbeingstickytomakepackageswithinndia only

,itcanbeglobal-aGlobaltourismthroughacomprehensiveinfrastructure.Nowadays,traveling

betweentwoplacesisnotapointofdiscussions,asmoderntechnogieshavemade

travelpleasurecomprisingspeed

Withcomfort.sopeoplearenotwillingtobebound

withinonlyasmallgeographiocalarea.7

othereisplacetomakethemexperience

thetaste

OfGlobalTourism.

ibliography

%rogramming A7%.GNT y =' &eillyA+=.GNT y &ebecca M. &iordan%ro#essional A7%. Get y Wro%rogramming 7QB 7erver 2KK: y ill 3amilton%ro#essional 7QB 7erver 2KK %rogramming y &= CieiraWroMastering 7QB 7Nrver 2KKK y Mike -underloy and Poseph B.

Porden %Cisual 6V y Wro
http://www.infibeam.com/Books/search?author=Bill%20Hamiltonhttp://www.infibeam.com/Books/search?author=Bill%20Hamilton

sush final project documentation

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