synovial joint
DESCRIPTION
SYNOVIAL JOINT. Dr Iram Tassaduq. SYNOVIAL JOINT. Joint in which two bones are separated by a space called a joint cavity Most are freely movable. FEATURES OF SYNOVIAL JOINT. Articular capsule Synovial membrane and fluid Articular cartilage Articular discs and menisci Tendon - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Dr Iram Tassaduq
SYNOVIAL JOINT
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SYNOVIAL JOINTJoint in which
two bones are separated by a space called a joint cavity
Most are freely movable
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Articular capsule Synovial membrane and fluid Articular cartilage Articular discs and menisciTendon Ligament Fatty padBursae
FEATURES OF SYNOVIAL JOINT
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•continuous with the periosteum of articulating bones and unites the articulating bones;•consists of two layers – the outer fibrous membrane that may contain ligaments • the inner synovial membrane • highly innervated, but avascular
CAPSULE
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ARTICULAR CARTILAGE• Articular cartilage covers the ends of bones. It has a smooth, slippery surface, which allows the bones to slide over each other without rubbing.
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ARTICULAR CARTILAGE
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SYNOVIAL MEMBRANEIt is the partition found between capsule and the joint cavity.
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SYNOVIAL FLUIDLubricating fluid in joint cavity to reduce friction
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ARTICULAR DISC
thin, oval plate, placed between the condyle of the mandible and mandibular fossa
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LIGAMENTS Fibrous bands or sheets of connective tissue linking two or more bones or cartilages together. One or more ligaments provide stability to a joint during rest and movement.
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TENDONtough band of fibrous connective tissue that usually connects muscle to bone and is capable of withstanding tension.
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BURSAE
the fluid sacs and synovial pockets that surround and sometimes communicate with the joint cavity.
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TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS
Plane jointHinge jointPivot jointCondyloid jointEllipsoid jointSaddle jointBall and socket joint
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PLANE JOINT a synovial joint in
which the opposed surfaces are flat or only slightly curved.
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HINGE JOINTResemble door
hingeFlexion and
extension possible
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PIVOT JOINTCentral bony
pivot surrounded by bony ligamentous ring
Rotation is only possible movement
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CONDYLOID JOINTOval convex surfaces on one bone fits into a concave shaped depressions on the next
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ELLIPSOID JOINTElliptical convex
surface fits into elliptical concave surface
Flexion, extension,abduction and
adduction occur• Rotation is not
possible
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SADDLE JOINTSArticular surfaces
resemble a saddle on a horse back
Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and rotation are permitted
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BALL AND SOCKET JOINTMost mobile joints
of the bodyAll movements
possible
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