+

Biology

Cell Structures By Taylor Eppler

EDU 107H

+TYPES OF CELLS

Prokaryotic VS Eukaryotic Cells

http://jisong-biology.blogspot.com/

Prokaryotic Eukaryotic

+TYPES OF CELLS:

Prokaryotic VS Eukaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell

• Bacteria

• No nucleus

• Lacking many

membrane bound

organelles

• Very small

• Reproduce through

fission, budding, fra

gmentation and

regeneration.

• Plants and Animals

• Distinct nucleus

• Contains

membrane bound

organelles

• Much larger than

prokaryotes

• Reproduction by

mitosis or meiosis

• Contain

DNA

• Contain

ribosomes

• Has plasma

membrane

+Eukaryotic Cells

Plant VS Animal Cells

http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/plant

cell.html

http://bio3400.nicerweb.com/Locked/

media/ch02/animal-cell.html

Plant Cell Animal Cell

+Eukaryotic Cells

Plant VS Animal Cells

• Cell Wall

• Vacuoles

• Chloroplasts

• Lysosomes

• No cell wall

• Centrioles

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Golgi Apparatus

• Endoplasmic

Reticulum

• Ribosomes

Plant Cell Animal Cell

+

The Animal Cell

+

+Cell Membrane

What is it?

• The cell membrane is a lipid bilayer

Function:

• To give the cell structure

• To keep organelles in

• To keep bad things out

Selectively Permeable

• Allows the cell to regulate what goes in and out

Http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/cell_membrane.gif

+Cytoplasm

What is it?

• Fluid that fills up the cells

• All around the other organelles

• Contains sugars, proteins, and other molecules that keep the

cell running

Function

• To keep the organelles suspended in the cell

• Breaks down sugars in the cell

+Nucleus

The ‘Brain’

What is it?

• The brain of the cell

• It controls all of the functions of the cell.

• Examples of functions: eating, movement, and reproduction

What is in the nucleus?

• The nucleolus

• Chromatin

• DNA

+Centrioles

What are they?

• Two small organelles that allow

cell division

• They are located near the nucleus

What do they do?

• They allow the cell to divide

• They help mitosis and meiosis occur

• http://www.westfield.ma.edu/personalpages/draker/edcom/final/web

projects/sp10/cell/centrioles.jpg

+Ribosomes

What do they do?

• Protein builders in the cell

Where are they?

• Floating in the cytoplasm

• On the endoplasmic reticulum

(When they are on the ER it becomes the rough ER)

Importance:

• Without ribosomes the cell could not make proteins

• Without proteins the cell could not eat, regulate itself, or

produce more cells

http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_ribos.html

+Mitochondria

The Power House

What is it?

• The power house of the cell

Function

• Digests nutrients and changes them into usable energy

• Allows cell respiration to occur

Extra

• There can be multiple mitochondria in a cell

• It has a double membrane

• It is thought that at one point it was its own self sustaining cell and not an organelle within a cell

http://www.genomenewsnetwork.org/gnn_images/news_content/04_03/protection/

p_1.gif

+Endoplasmic

Reticulum

What is it?

• The packaging system of the cell

What does it do?

• Works with the Golgi Complex, ribosomes, and DNA to

create membranes

Rough VS Smooth ER

• Rough ER: contains ribosomes and helps package proteins

• Smooth ER: contains no ribosomes and helps the cell with

storage

http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/endoplasmicreticulum/images/endoplasmicreticulumfigure1.jpg

+Golgi Apparatus

Function

• Another packaging system in the cell

• Gathers simple molecules and creates complex molecules

• Packages these complex molecules in vesicles

• Either stores them for later or sends them out of the cell

Partners

• Rough ER

• Ribosomes

http://cronodon.com/files/Golgi_apparatus.jpg

+Lysosomes

What are they?

• Vesicles that contain proteins

• They are made by the Golgi Complex

Function

• Digest food and other molecules in the cell

• Uses specialized proteins

• They digest food, organelles, and even other cells

http://www.tutordynamic.com/biology/img/function-of-lysosome.jpg

+Works Cited

http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_main.html

Dr. Learman, BIO 110H, Fall 2011

Pictures were cited on the individual slides