taylor’s theory

8/9/2019 Taylors Theory

1/16

Taylors Theory


2/16

Intrinsic Motivation

y Occur when people engaged in an activity out oftheirown desire, such as enjoyment of pursuing a hobbyor an interest. Activities are undertaken because the

person finds them to be challenging, stimulating orsatisfiying.


3/16

Extrinsic Motivation

y Occurs when people participate in an activitybecause ofthe benefits and rewards associated withthe activity. These rewards may be tangible( such as

wages, salaries, and bonuses) or intangible ( such asrecognition and praise).Extrinsic motivation canalso come about from the threats and pressuresimposed bythe senior managements.


4/16

Taylors Theory of Scientific ManagementTaylors Theory of Scientific Management

y Frederick Taylor (1856-1915) The Father of Scientific Management

Book- The principles of scientific management (Harpes &Bros, 1914)

An American engineer an inventor who advocated the use ofpiece-rate payment system

Taylors principles of scientific management(1911) assumedthat employee are motivated by money.

His main aim was to reduced the level of inefficiencythat

existed in US manufacturing industry. One of example of extrinsic motivation


5/16

yy

Underlying ThemesUnderlying Themes Managers are intelligent; workers are and should be

ignorant

Provide opportunities for workers to achieve greaterfinancial rewards

Workers are motivated almost solely by wages Maximum effort = Higher wages

Manager is responsible for planning, training, andevaluating


6/16

Four principles of scientific management


7/16

The development of a true science of work.

- All knowledge that has hitherto been kept inthehead of workers should be gathered and recorded.

- Righttechnique should be applied to the solution of

problems and should not relies on experience andjudgments.


8/16

The scientific selection and progressivedevelopment of workers

y Workers should be carefullytrained and givensjobsto which they are best suited.


9/16

The bringingtogether ofthe science and

the scientifically selected and trainedworkers

y Application ofthe techniques to decide what

should be done, using workers who are bothproperlytrained and willingto maximize output,should result in maximum productivity.


10/16

The constant and intimate cooperation betweenmanagement and workers.

y the relations between employers and men formwithout questionthe most important part ofthis art


11/16

y From this principle emerged a stress on:

- division of labours and specialization- application of logic to the management

process.

- full managerial control over the workshop

- piece-rate systems of payment


12/16

Benefits of scientific management

y Improved working methods resulted in enormous gainsin productivity

y The measurement and analysis oftasks provided factualinformation on which to base improvements in methods

and equipments.y In provided a rational basis for piece work incentives

schemes that became more widely used.

y There were considerable improvements in working

conditions.y Management became more involved with production

activities and were thus encouraged to show positiveleadership.


13/16

Drawbacks of scientific managements

y Jobs planning more boring and repetitive.

y No guarantee thatthe best way will suit everyworkers.

y Not all people will be motivated by money

y Deskilling, excessive specializations, repetition andso on cause workers to become alienated andfrustrated.


14/16

yyApplication inthe Modern WorkplaceApplication inthe Modern Workplace

McDonald

o Specialization for efficiencyo Ex. McDonalds even have their own universityto train

managers so they work exactlythe same way.

o Piece rate payment system for motivationo Wage staff are paid using a differentiated piecework systems.

Most ofthese workers believe that only moneythat motivatesthem.


15/16

y BetheleemSteel Works, USAo Taylor found the best wayto do eachjob

o Give incentives as a reward to motivate workers.

y Henry Fordo Use conveyor belttechnology inthe mass production ofFord

companys Model T cars. (best method for efficiency)


16/16

Taylor ;Extrinsic or intrinsic?

y We decide the answer is..

EXTRINSIC!

taylor’s theory

Documents