teacher policies and quality education in latin america and the caribbean emiliana vegas chief of...
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Teacher Policies and Quality
Education in Latin America and the
Caribbean
Emiliana VegasChief of the Education Division
Inter-American Development BankNovember 19, 2013
Contents
1. How much progress has been made in education in recent years?
2. What are the current main education challenges?
3. Teachers as central to raise education quality
Significant progress has been made in expanding access…
Enrolment rate by age and by education level
Source: IDB/EDU 2012
Significant progress has been made in expanding access…
9.5 of every 10 children enter primary education at the adequate age
7.5 of every 10 students enter secondary education
And about 1/3 of all secondary school graduates enter post-secondary education
Source: World Bank 2012
Public investment in education has increased
Source: IDB/EDU calculations based on World Bank EdStats
Some LAC countries are showing improvements in international assessments of student learning
Source: IDB/EDU calculations based OECD/PISA 2009 data
Some LAC countries are showing improvements in international assessments of student learning
Source: IDB/EDU calculations based OECD/PISA 2009 data
Contents
1. How much progress has been made in education in recent years?
2. What are the current main education challenges?
3. Teachers as central to raise education quality
The main education challenge is raising student learning
Student learning is:
» Low
» Unequal
» Inadequate
Source: IDB/EDU 2013 calculations based on OECD/PISA 2009
Student learning is low
Student learning is low
Source: IDB/EDU calculations based OECD/PISA 2009 data
Source: OECD 2009
Below level 1
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 4
Level 5 and 6
28.3%
28.9%
21.9%
15.6%
4.7%
0.4%
Mexico
Percentage of students who score in each level in reading in PISA 2009
Few students reach high levels of proficiency
Finland
6.1%
1.7%
27.1%
15.6%
27.8%
20.6%
Student learning is low vis a vis what would be predicted based on GDP per capita
Latin American students score low in international learning assessments such as PISA
Note: Adjusted GDP per capita by PPP, constant dollars of 2005Source: PISA-OECD 2009 and World Bank EdStats
Sco
res
in P
ISA
20
09
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Mexico
PanamaPeru
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Canada
Czech Republic
Estonia
Finland
Hungary
Korea, Rep. of
Luxemburg
Poland
Portugal
Singapore
Slovakia
Turkey
United KingdomUnited States
350
400
450
500
550
0 20000 40000 60000 80000PIB per capita
Latin America and the Caribbean OECD
Linear prediction
Student learning is unequal
Source: Bos, Rondón and Schwartz 2012
Girls score higher than boys in reading, and boys outperform girls in math
Girls
Source: SERCE 2006
Performance differences in indigenous students in reading and math
Source: SERCE 2006
Indigenous
Completion rates also are unequal
Secondary school completion rates
Source: Cabrol and Szekely, 2012
Quartile 1 (poorest 20%)
Quartile 2 (richest 20%)
Source: Graduatexxi, 2012. Calculations based on household surveys.
Student learning is inadequate
Weighted average
Student learning is inadequate
Source: Bassi, Busso, Urzúa, & Vargas, 2012
Contents
1. How much progress has been made in education in recent years?
2. What are the current main education challenges?
3. Teachers as central to raise education quality
Regional and international evidence indicates that teachers are the most important factor in student learning
Source: SIMCE 2008
Base year
1 – 2 years 3 – 4 yearsBase year
1 – 2 years 3 – 4 years
Low SES
In Chile, having at least three consecutive years with an effective teacher reduces the learning gap between students from low SES and middle SES
To promote effective
teaching and learning for all children and youth
1 High expectations for student
learning guide the provision
and monitoring of
education services
2 Students entering the system are
ready to learn
3 All students have access to effective
teachers
4 All schools have adequate resources and are able to use
them for learning
5 All graduates have the
necessary skills to succeed in
the labor market and
contribute to society
5 Dimensions of Success of Top-Performing Education Systems
All students have access to effective teachers
Key areas of action:»Transform the teaching profession to attract, develop, motivate, and retain the best professionals. »Strengthen the role of school directors and their leaders in how to improve teaching effectiveness.»Develop instructional support structures for networks of schools, principals and teachers.
3
The Inter-American Collaborative on the Teaching Profession
» Contributes to close gaps in teachers’ and school leaders’ access to best practices to improve teaching and learning
» Is a resource for better teacher policy decisions
» Provides an easily accessible knowledge platform for research and practice to strengthen teaching quality and student learning in the region
