technology of paints & coatings with formulations
DESCRIPTION
detailed technology book on coatings and paintsTRANSCRIPT
TECHNOLOGY OFTECHNOLOGY OFTECHNOLOGY OFTECHNOLOGY OFTECHNOLOGY OF
PAINTS & COATINGSPAINTS & COATINGSPAINTS & COATINGSPAINTS & COATINGSPAINTS & COATINGS
WITH FORMULATIONSWITH FORMULATIONSWITH FORMULATIONSWITH FORMULATIONSWITH FORMULATIONS
x
4449, Nai Sarak, Main Road, Delhi-110 006 (India)Ph.: 91-11-23918117, 23916431, 45120361, 23947058
¬ E-Mail: [email protected] & [email protected]¬ Website: www.eiriindia.org, www.eiribooksandprojectreports.com
Written By :EIRI Board of Consultants & Engineers
TECHNOLOGY OFTECHNOLOGY OFTECHNOLOGY OFTECHNOLOGY OFTECHNOLOGY OF
PAINTS & COATINGSPAINTS & COATINGSPAINTS & COATINGSPAINTS & COATINGSPAINTS & COATINGS
WITH FORMULATIONSWITH FORMULATIONSWITH FORMULATIONSWITH FORMULATIONSWITH FORMULATIONS
Printed and Published by :
4449, Nai Sarak, Main Road, Delhi-110 006 (India)Ph.: 91-11-23918117, 23916431, 45120361, 23947058
¬ E-Mail: [email protected] & [email protected]¬ Website: www.eiriindia.org, www.eiribooksandprojectreports.com
Marketed By:EIRI PROJECT CONSULTANTS & PUBLISHERS
Roop Nagar, Delhi—110007
© Copy Reserved by Sudhir Gupta,
ISBN : 9789380772202Printed in New Delhi (India)
The book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way ortrade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulatedwithout the publisher’s prior written consent, in any form of bindingor cover other than in which it is published/compiled and without asimilar consent including this condition being imposed on thesubsequent purchaser and without limiting the rights under copyrights reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced,stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, of transmitted in anyform or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying orotherwise), without the written prior permission of both the copyrightowner and above mentioned publisher of this book. While the bookhas been prepared carefully, yet the publishers’ printer and compilerdo not hold any responsibility on the subject of the book. All disputesregarding this book are Subject to Delhi Jurisdiction only
Printed and Published by Sudhir Gupta for“Engineers India Research Institute”, 4449, Nai Sarak, Main Road,
Delhi-110 006
Preface
The Book Technology of Paints & Coatings with Formulations coversalmost all the basic and advanced details to setup own Unit. The Book CoversResins (Water Borne) for Coatings, High Solids Green Coatings (Air Drying),Technology of Primer Compositions (Alkyl) Resings, Acrylic Polyols Technology,Biodegradable Surface Coatings, Binders for Premium Paints, Cyclized rubber insurface coatings, Coatings for Medical Application, Dacro Coating Epoxy ResinExtraction, Modification and Applications of CNSL/Cardanol Based Epoxy Resin,Elastomeric poly urea coatings, Formulation of 2K Water-borne Concrete FloorCoatings, Green Coating, Herbal Coating, High Temperature Coatings Technology,Infrared Spectroscopy : Its Relevance in the Field of Surface Coating, MarinePaints & Coatings, Magnetic Paint, Nanotechnoloogy PU Coatings, PhotoLuminescent Paints, Polyaspartics, Phenolic Resins, Paints based on AgriculturalMaterials, Polyester Powder Coatings, Paint Coating on Galvanized Steel in CoilCoating line, Photocatalytic Coatings, Ketonic Resins, Radiation Cure Coatings,Self-Healing - Coatings, Stealth Coatings for Aircraft and ships, Sol Gel Coatings,Vacuum Metallizing Coating on Plastic Automotive Components, Plastic Packagingfor Paints, Silicone Resin Paints.
The book has been written for the benefit and to prove an asset and a handyreference guide in the hands of new entrepreneurs and well establishedindustrialists.
4449, Nai Sarak, Main Road, Delhi-110 006 (INDIA)E-mail : [email protected]
Contents
1Resins (Water Borne) for
Coatings .................................. 1-5
Epoxy Resins .................................... 1Acrylic Resins ................................... 2Alkyd Resins ..................................... 2Polyester Resins ............................... 2Polyurethane Resins ........................ 3Anionic .............................................. 3Cat ionic ............................................ 3Non-Ionic .......................................... 3Acetone process (Solution
process) ....................................... 4Pre-polymer mixing process ............ 4Hot melt process (Solvent free
method) ....................................... 4Ketamine or Ketazine .................. 4
Self dispersing of solids ................... 4Blocked isocyanates ........................ 5crosslinking with melamine for-
maldehyde resins ........................ 5Zirconium compounds ...................... 5
2High Solids Green Coatings
(Air Drying) ............................ 6-23
Introduction ....................................... 6Experimental .................................... 7Materials ........................................... 7Synthesis of Resins .......................... 9Preparation of dry films ..................... 9Characterization methods .............. 11Results & Discussion ...................... 12Physical Properties ......................... 12Rheological Characteristics ........... 13Molecular Weight Characteristics .. 13VOC characteristics ........................ 13Drying properties ............................ 14FT- IR Study ..................................... 14Differential Scanning Calorimeter
(DSC) study ............................... 15
Thermal properties ......................... 17Mechanical properties .................... 17Optical properties ........................... 18Atomic Force Microscopic
(AFM) imaging ........................... 18Chemical resistance and
Durability ................................... 18Conclusions .................................... 23
3Technology of Primer
Compositions (AlkydResins) ................................ 24-31
Introduction ..................................... 24Experimental .................................. 24Synthesis of alkyd resin .................. 24Synthesis of alkyd emulsion ........... 26Stability of emulsion10 ................... 26Synthesis of wood primers
and cement primers .................. 26Results and discussions ................ 27
4Acrylic Polyols Technology ..... 32-41
Introduction ..................................... 32Basic chemistry ............................... 32Synthesis of acrylic polyols ............ 32Properties of acrylic polyols ........... 34Applications of acrylic polyols ........ 35Synthesis of acrylic-polyure-
thane hybrid coatings ................ 35Modified acrylic polyols .................. 36Dual UV/thermal cure systems ....... 37Bio-acrylic polyols .......................... 38OEM coatings based on Acrylic
Polyols ....................................... 38Wood coatings ................................ 39Industrial Coatings ......................... 39Two component polyurethane
coatings ..................................... 39Automotive refinishing coating ....... 40
5Biodegradable Surface
Coatings .............................. 42-57
Introduction ..................................... 42Biodegradable coatings ................. 43Necessity of biodegradation .......... 43Life cycle of biodegradable
coating ....................................... 44Classification of biodegradable
coatings ..................................... 44Natural biodegradable coatings .... 44Synthetic biodegradable
coatings ..................................... 45Synthesis of biodegradable
coatings ..................................... 45Oils .................................................. 46Lallemantia Iberica ......................... 46Eurphorbia Legascae
(Vernonia oil) ............................. 46Lesquerella oil ................................ 47Oiticica oil ....................................... 47Sucrose and insulin ........................ 48Lignin .............................................. 49Cellulose ........................................ 50Starch .............................................. 51Isocyanates ..................................... 52Additives ......................................... 52Plasticizer ....................................... 53Rheology modifier .......................... 53Biosurfactants ................................. 54Polyhydroxyalkalonoates ............... 54Polyesteramides ............................. 55Interpenetrating polymers
from oils ..................................... 55Polysaccharide resins .................... 55Natural resins ................................. 56Application of biodegradable
coatings ..................................... 57Future of biodegradable
coatings ..................................... 57
6Binders for Premium Paints .... 58-65
Introduction ..................................... 58Why low odor? ................................ 60Experimental .................................. 61
Testing of premium interiorbrands in India .......................... 61
Formulating low VOC lowodor paint .................................. 61
Results and Discussions:Odor and VOC ........................... 61
Paint Properties .............................. 62Scrub Resistance ........................... 62Stain Resistance ............................ 62Burnish resistance .......................... 64MTO Resistance ............................. 64Conclusion ..................................... 64
7Cyclized Rubber in Surface
Coatings .............................. 66-71
Structure ......................................... 66Properties ....................................... 66Typical properties ........................... 67Physical data .................................. 67Technical benefits of cyclized
rubber ........................................ 67Solvents and compatibility ............. 67Compatibility ................................... 68Compatibility with drying oils .......... 68Compatibility with resins ................ 68Compatibility with plasticizers ........ 68Specific gravity ............................... 69Solubility and solvent mixtures ....... 69Chemical resistance ....................... 69Water resistance ............................. 70Corrosion resistance ...................... 70Adhesion ........................................ 70Flexibility and impact resistance .... 70Paint application ............................. 71Application Areas ........................... 71
8Coatings for Medical
Application .......................... 72-92
Introduction ..................................... 72Medical coating characteristics ...... 72Medical coating classification ........ 73Application Methods ....................... 75
Polymers for medical application ... 77Polyglycolide (PGA) ........................ 79Polylactide (PLA) ............................ 79Poly (E-caprolactone) ..................... 79Poly(dioxanone) (a polyether-
ester). ........................................ 80Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) ............... 80Poly(glyconate) ............................... 81Parylene ......................................... 82Degradation .................................... 84Factors That Accelerate Polymer
Degradation .............................. 84Specialised medical coatings ........ 85Drug-Eluting Stents ........................ 85Application of stent coating ............ 86DES Basics ..................................... 87Tablet Coatings ............................... 90Pigments ......................................... 92Polishing ......................................... 92Conclusion ..................................... 92
9Dacro Coating ........................93-102
Dacro Structure ............................... 96Dacro Process ................................ 97Dacro Advantage ............................ 97Dacro Analysis ............................... 99Dacro Scope ................................. 100Dacro Coating in India ................. 102
10Epoxy Resin ........................ 103-116
Introduction ................................... 103Structure: ...................................... 103Epoxy resin coating ...................... 104Hybridisation ................................ 106The method of curing .................... 106Modification of resin ..................... 106Mixture of resins ........................... 106Blending: ...................................... 107Alloying ......................................... 107Inter Penetrating Networks ........... 107Sol-Gel method ............................. 108Emulsion polymerization &
Dispersion polymerization ...... 109
Curing of hybrid epoxypolymers .................................. 110
Characterization of hybridresins: ...................................... 112
Hybrid polymers of epoxy resinused in coating application ..... 113
Epoxy esters ................................. 113Epoxy acrylics ............................... 113Epoxy silicones ............................. 114Epoxy urethanes .......................... 114Conclusion and future directions . 115
11Extraction, Modification
and Applications ofCNSL/Cardanol BasedEpoxy Resin ................... 117-153
Introduction ................................... 117Extraction of CNSL ....................... 118Studies on the cardanol
based novolac resins .............. 122Studies on the epoxidized
novolac resins derivedfrom CNSL or cardanol ........... 126
Studies on the modificationof CNSL or cardanol ............... 129
Applications of CNSI7Cardanol derived products ..... 138
12Elastomeric poly urea
coatings .......................... 154-162
Introduction ................................... 154Chemistry ...................................... 155Raw materials ............................... 157Application of polyurea
coatings ................................... 159Typical properties of polyurea
coatings ................................... 160Application areas of olyurea
coatings ................................... 160Advantages of polyurea
systems ................................... 161Disadvantages of polyurea
systems ................................... 161
13Formulation of 2K Water-
borne Concrete FloorCoatings ......................... 163-172
Introduction ................................... 163Experimental: ................................ 164Materials and Formulations .......... 164Preparation of Drawdowns &
Concrete Panels ..................... 164Performance Testing ..................... 165Gloss Measurement: .................... 165Adhesion testing: .......................... 165Chemical resistance testing: ........ 165Hot Tire resistance testing: ........... 166Results & Discussions: ................. 167Comparing liquid epoxy resins
Epoxy X with Epoxy W: ........... 167Pot-life evaluation based on
gloss and adhesion: ................ 167Chemical and solvent
resistance testing: ................... 169Hot Tire resistance: ....................... 171
14Green Coating ..................... 173-187
Need for green ............................. 173What is green? ............................. 174Rules and regulations .................. 174VOC Definition in the US,
EU & UK .................................. 174United States Definition ................ 174European Union definition ........... 175UK Coating Classification ............ 175Regulationsforlead in India .......... 177Regulations for lead in Europe .... 177Regulationsfor lead in Australia ... 177Regulationsforlead in US ............. 177Pollution from paints ..................... 178Solvents ........................................ 178Pigments ....................................... 178Additives ....................................... 178Environmental impacts
and risks .................................. 178Research and developments
in order to get greenercoatings ................................... 180
Low voc emulsion polymercoating ..................................... 181
Low volatile ethylene glycolderivatives ............................... 181
Fluorosurfactant ............................ 182Green solvent ............................... 182Emerging technologies ................ 185Advantages of VIC ........................ 185Ecofriendly waste disposal
technique ................................ 186It’s not easy being green .............. 186
15Herbal Coating ..................... 188-200
Introductions ................................. 188Turmeric in Herbal Paints ............. 189Chemistry of turmeric .................... 190Oleic acid ...................................... 190Experimental ................................ 191Materials and Methods ................. 191Method of Extraction ..................... 193Evaluation of Turmeric resin
extract ...................................... 193Analysis of oleic Acid modified
Turmeric Resin ........................ 194Results and discussion ................ 196Analysis of Raw Material .............. 196Extraction of resin from
turmeric ................................... 197Analysis of turmeric Resin ............ 197Evaluation of the Film
properties of Turmeric Resin ... 198Modification of the termeric
Resin with Oleic acid .............. 199Physical Properties ....................... 199Film Properties ............................. 199Composition ................................. 199From the results ............................ 200
16High Temperature Coatings
Technology ..................... 201-209
Introduction ................................... 201Experimental ................................ 203Composition of titanium oleate ..... 203
Preparation of titanium oleate ...... 203Evaluation of titanium oleate ........ 204Composition and evaluation
of aluminium paint ................... 205Heat resistance of aluminium
paint ......................................... 205Determination of weight loss
at different temperatures ......... 205Results and discussion ................ 206
17Infrared Spectroscopy : Its
Relevance in the Field ofSurface Coating ............. 210-216
Introduction ................................... 210Sampling ...................................... 212Amount: ......................................... 212Preparation: .................................. 213Analysis time: ................................ 213Epoxy: ........................................... 214Alkyd: ............................................ 214
18Marine Paints & Coatings ... 217-225
Introduction ................................... 217Key Performance requirements .... 217Experimental ................................ 220Material used: ............................... 220Evaluation of film characteristic .... 220Testing method and evaluation .... 220Pot life ........................................... 220Drying time ................................... 220Cross Hatch Adhesion Testing ..... 221Gloss Value ................................... 222Erichsen Cupping Test ................. 223Research significance .................. 224Experimental investigation ........... 224Result Analysis and Discussion ... 225
19Magnetic Paint ..................... 226-235
Introduction ................................... 226Preparation of Magnetic paint ...... 227Ingredients to be used for
formulation .............................. 227Application Technology ................ 230
Primer Layer ................................. 230Back Coat Layer ........................... 231Coating composition having
magnetic properties ................ 233Areas of application ...................... 234Application tips and
suggested uses ....................... 234Painting on textured walls ............ 234Mounting posters magnetically .... 234Wall Decorations .......................... 234Magnetic words and poetry .......... 235
20Nanotechnoloogy ................ 236-253
Introduction to NanotechnologyWhat is nanotechnology? ....... 236
Nanoscience VsNanotechnology ...................... 236
Dimensional classificationof nanoscale: ........................... 238
Nanoscale in One Dimension ...... 238Nanoscale in Two Dimensions ..... 238Carbon Nanotubes: ...................... 238Inorganic Nanotubes .................... 238Nanowires .................................... 239Biopolymers .................................. 239Nanoscale in Three Dimensions .. 239Nanoparticles ............................... 239Fullerenes (carbon 60) ................. 240Dendrimers ................................... 241Quantum Dots ............................... 241Technology ................................... 242Synthesis and Assembly
of Nanomaterials: .................... 242UV- curable coatings .................... 244Anti-abrasion and anti-scratch
coatings ................................... 244Anti-corrosion coatings ................. 245Self-healing nanotechnology
antic orrosion coatingsas alternative to toxicchromium ................................ 245
Super-hydrophobic coatings ........ 247Barrier coatings ............................ 247Oxylink Technology ....................... 248Matte coatings .............................. 251Self cleaning technology .............. 251
Making use of hydrophobicand oil repellent propertyof nanoparticles ....................... 251
Nanoparticles in highperformance coating ............... 252
Anti-fouling coating ....................... 252Nanotechnology roof coating ....... 252The risk factor ............................... 252Health Issues ................................ 252Environmental issues ................... 253Future of nanotechnology ............ 253
21PU Coatings ......................... 254-260
Introduction ................................... 254Experimental ................................ 255Materials ....................................... 255Preparation of polyol .................... 255Characteristics of epoxy
polyol (EP) ............................... 256Characteristics of HDI ................... 256Chemical compositions: ............... 256Results and discussion ................ 258FT IR Spectral analysis ................. 258FT IR spectra of epoxy polyol: ...... 258FT IR Spectra for polymer ............. 259FT IR Spectra for polymer-H ......... 259
22Photo Luminescent Paints . 261-267
Introduction ................................... 261Mechanism of action .................... 261Effect of temperature on
the afterglow ............................ 262Manufacturing of the pigment ....... 262With Polyurethane Resins ............ 265With Epoxy Resins ....................... 265Applications .................................. 266Comparison between fluore-
scent and photo luminescentpaints and alternativeenergy sources ....................... 267
23Polyaspartics ...................... 268-276
Introduction ................................... 268What are Polyaspartic Esters? ..... 268
Chemistry ...................................... 268Reaction of aspartic acid ester
with isocyanate ....................... 270Polyurethane/Polyurea/
Polyaspartks What’s theDifference? .............................. 270
Reactivity: ..................................... 271Applications .................................. 273Limitation ...................................... 275
24Phenolic Resins .................. 277-290
Introduction ................................... 277Experimental ................................ 277Materials ....................................... 277Synthesis of phenol-cardanol-
formaldehyde novolactype phenolic resins ................ 278
Epoxidation of phenol-cardanol-formaldehyde novolac typephenolic resin .......................... 279
Characterization ........................... 279Fourier-transform Infrared (FT-IR)
spectroscopic analysis ............ 279‘H-NMR ......................................... 281spectroscopic analysis ................. 281Gel permeation chromatographic
(GPC) technique ..................... 281Differential Scanning
Calorimetry (DSC) ................... 282Results and Discussion ................ 282Synthesis of phenol-cardanol-
formaldehyde novolac typephenolic resins ........................ 282
FT-IR spectroscopic analysis ........ 2831H-NMR spectroscopic
analysis ................................... 286Epoxidation of novolac
prepolymer .............................. 287Differential Scanning
Calorimetric (DSC) analysis ... 289
25Paints based on Agricultural
Materials ......................... 291-301
Introduction ................................... 291Soybean ....................................... 292
Soybean oil-based waterbornepolyurethane system: .............. 293
Soybean oil-based polyols: .......... 293Soybean oil-based wetting
and dispersing agents: ........... 293Lignin ............................................ 294Lignin based paints: ..................... 294Corn .............................................. 295Corn based paints: ....................... 295Xanthum Gum ............................... 296Starch ............................................ 297Sugar based polymers ................. 298Solvents ........................................ 299Monomers ..................................... 300Coalescents .................................. 300
26Polyester Powder Coatings..302-309
Introduction ................................... 302Using bi-functional hardener ........ 303Co-extrusion of resins .................. 304Polyester Dead Matt ..................... 305Using reactive matting agent ........ 307
27Paint Coating on Galvanized
Steel in Coil Coating line..310-322
Introduction ................................... 310Preparing of substrate for
paint coating ............................ 312Alkaline solution cleaning ............ 313Conversion coatings .................... 313Test conducted to study the
performance of the coatedproduct .................................... 313
Impact test ..................................... 313Bending adhesion test ................. 314Flexibility test ................................ 314Hardness test (Pencil test) ............ 314Chemical resistance test .............. 314Salt spray test ............................... 314Heat resistance test ...................... 315MEK (Methyl ethyl ketone) test ..... 315Coating characteristics ................. 315Factors affecting the perfor-
mance of paint coating ............ 315
Effect of tensions at varioussections ................................... 315
Effect of alkali and conversioncoating bath concentration ..... 317
Bending adhesion test ................. 318Salt spray test ............................... 318Hydrogen Evolution (Crater) ........ 318Effect of peak metal temperature
in primer oven and top coatoven ......................................... 319
Bending adhesion test ................. 320Hardness test ................................ 321Impact test ..................................... 321MEK (Methyl ethyl ketone) test ..... 321Uses of coatings ........................... 321Conclusions .................................. 321
28Photocatalytic Coatings ..... 323-331
Introduction ................................... 323Materials ....................................... 323Titanium dioxide ........................... 323Silicone resin ................................ 324Experimental ................................ 325Methylene blue test ...................... 325Cigarette smoke test ..................... 325Outdoor-exposure ........................ 326Results .......................................... 326Comparison of titanium dioxide ... 326Binder ........................................... 327Interior paints ................................ 327Exterior paints ............................... 329Conclusion ................................... 329
29Ketonic Resins .................... 332-339
Introduction ................................... 332Aim of the present investigation ... 332Experimental ................................ 333Composition of ketonic resin ........ 333Preparation of ketonic resin ......... 334Evaluation ..................................... 334Effect of heat on softening
point ......................................... 335Effect of plasticization on film
properties ................................ 335
Effect of stoving on filmproperties ................................ 335
Results and discussion ................ 335
30Radiation Cure Coatings .... 340-355
Introduction ................................... 339Curing mechanism ....................... 339Raw materials for radiation
cure coatings ........................... 342Oligomers ..................................... 342Epoxy acrylates ............................ 343Urethane acrylate ......................... 344Polyester acrylates ....................... 346Polyether acrylates ....................... 346Amine modified polyether
acrylates .................................. 346Acrylic acrylates ............................ 347Miscellaneous oligomers ............. 347Monomers ..................................... 347Photo initiators .............................. 350Additives ....................................... 350Pigments ....................................... 351Cation curing ................................ 351Powder coatings ........................... 353Application areas of radiation
cure coatings ........................... 354Advantages and disadvantages
of radiation cure coatings ........ 355Advantages ................................... 355Disadvantages ............................. 355
31Self-Healing - Coatings ....... 356-373
Introduction ................................... 356Approaches .................................. 357Liquid phase healing agent ......... 358Microcapsulation .......................... 358Phase separated healing agent ... 362Hollow tubes or fibers ................... 363Three-dimensional micro
vascular network ..................... 364Solvent- promoted self-healing .... 364Nanoparticles segregation ........... 365Solid phase (Heat activated) ........ 365
Thermally rcmendable ................. 366Thermoplastic/thermoset
blend ....................................... 366Cyclic oligomers ........................... 366Projectile puncture ....................... 368Other approaches ......................... 368Quantifying healing
effectiveness ........................... 370Potential Application of Self
healing .................................... 371
32Stealth Coatings for Aircraft
and ships ........................ 374-386
Detection techniques for anaircraft ...................................... 374
Measuring stealth ......................... 374Importance of Coatings in
Stealth Technology .................. 375Additional expectations from
Stealth coatings ....................... 375Types of Coatings used in
Stealth Technology .................. 376A. Iron Ball Paint ........................... 376Carbonyl Iron: ............................... 376Silver-coated Cenosphere ........... 378Typical Physical Parameters
of Cenospheres ....................... 378Ferro fluids and non-magnetic
substances .............................. 379Strontium 90 ................................. 380Neoprene ...................................... 381Coatings based on Gold and
Indium...................................... 381Radar stealth countermeasures
and limitations ......................... 381Low frequency radar .................... 381IR Stealth ...................................... 382Stealth Coatings in Drugs ............ 383Stealth Coatings in Foods ............ 383Probable Abuses of Stealth
Coatings .................................. 384Futuristic Coatings ........................ 384Combined Infrared and Radar
Stealth ..................................... 384
33Sol Gel Coatings .................. 387-403
Introduction ................................... 387Types of Solgels ........................... 390Coating process and coating
equipments ............................. 390Spin coating .................................. 390Dip coating ................................... 391Roll /gravure coating .................... 391Typical examples of uses
of Sol gel coatings ................... 392Monocyclic aromatic
hydrocarbon sensors .............. 392Sampling of benzene and
toluene .................................... 393Carbon dioxide sensor ................. 394Sol gel & nano technology ........... 396Photonic solutions and sol gel ..... 397Sol gel integrated optics ............... 398Optical Gain materials .................. 399Non linear materials ..................... 399Elastomeric reinforcement
strategies ................................. 401Topochemistry of wood
-inorganic composites ............. 402
34Vacuum Metallizing Coating
on Plastic AutomotiveComponents ................... 404-411
Introduction ................................... 404Vacuum Metallizing Coating
on plastic components ............ 405Requirement of substrate
material ................................... 406Pretreatment of substrate
surface ..................................... 407Post-Treatment .............................. 410Equipment .................................... 411
35Plastic Packaging for Paints .... 412-421
Introduction ................................... 412Basic requirements for
paint packaging ....................... 412
Conventional packingmaterials .................................. 412
Advantages and disadvantagesof conventional packingmaterials .................................. 413
Selection of the packingmaterials .................................. 413
New generation packingmaterials .................................. 413
Water soluble plastics forpackaging of water basedpaints ....................................... 413
Introduction ................................... 414Application for the paint Industry .. 414Properties of water soluble
plastics .................................... 415Water Solubility ............................. 415Sealing properties ........................ 416Oil and chemical resistance ......... 416Strength and weathering
resistance ................................ 416Biodegradable properties ............ 417Moisture content ........................... 417Static electricity/surface
resistivity .................................. 417Moisture permeability and
Gas resistance ........................ 417Advantages of water soluble
plastics .................................... 418Disadvantages of water
soluble plastics ....................... 418Different types of packaging ......... 418Polymer coated steel .................... 419Introduction: .................................. 419Polymer coated steel and its
performance with solvents(Table 1) .................................. 420
Application and benefits ofpolymer coated steel(Table 2) .................................. 420
Advantages of polymercoated steel are ....................... 420
36Silicone Resin Paints .......... 422-431
Introduction ................................... 422Silicons Resin Emulsion
Paints ...................................... 422
SREP Technology ......................... 423Silicone Resin Chemistry ............. 424A functional network is created
in the construction material ..... 425SREP Properties .......................... 425Functional facade protection
retains a building’s value ........ 425Excellent protection against
wetness ................................... 426Dry facades prevent algae ........... 426Facades that can breathe ............. 427Long-lasting facade protection
saves renovation costs ........... 427
Weathering resistance ................. 427Facades keep their color .............. 427A permanently attractive
facade ...................................... 427Simple & Fast Processing ............. 428Easy to over paint ......................... 428Fast and efficient ........................... 428Solvent free & ecologically more
sound ...................................... 428Extremely stable and non-
chalking ................................... 429Test methods: Certified
quality ...................................... 430