tehuacan (2)
TRANSCRIPT
Tehuacán.
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Location
Puebla in Mexico
Tehuacan City in Puebla
José Miguel Hernández López.
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Shield Tehuacan
History
The Shield of Tehuacán is made up of four quarters:In the first quarter there is a black eagle on the nopal with two arrows in its right claw and another crossed by its legs, on the left side of the quarter are three maize with spikes of gold which the Indians call "Miahuatl", in a blue field.
In the second quarter it shows a Black Eagle in white with a golden beak putting one leg on ateponaxtle and the other lifting two clasped arrows. At the right side of the eagle an ayacaxtle or sonaja is playing an instrument and dancing with the Indians. Just below is a drum, on the left side are two teponaxcle and below sits a Quetzal feather.
In the third quarter there is a bush with a red flower on its outspread branches; in the native language the flower is called a "tlaxochitl". Below the tree is a bird digging up a flower, the tree is called a Mezquite. On the right side is a castle on a hill and near it there are white and colored stones, below the castle is a cave.In the fourth quarter there is a decapitated head which is held up by a hand that is reaching out from the right side and is holding the head up by its hair, the left hand is also in the picture and is grasping an arc. In the midst of the four quarters the head of Chimalpopoca and as Cimera, the Virgin of the Conception.
José Miguel Hernández López.
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History of Tehuacan
The town was built in 1345 to borders of Flowing Ahuelican. Some tribe’s chocho-popolocas coming from Coapan settled down themselves in Calcahualco, which today is known like Old Tehuacán. Some archaeological findings demonstrate that the zone was inhabited by communities 8500 years a.
After the collapse of the Aztec Empire, in 1521, was under the dominion of the Spaniards 16 of March of 1660 the natives bought to Spanish Corona the title of the City.
4 of May of 1812, during the war of Independence of Mexico, the city is taken by the Insurgents. During this war it was the headquarters of several caudillos, among them Jose Maria Morelos and Pavón, Brave Nicholas and Manuel Mier and Terán ; was soothes of Congress of Anáhuac.
By an issued decree 31 of August of 1884, to honor the memory of Don Juan Crisóstomo Bonilla, occurred the name him of Tehuacán de Juan Crisóstomo Bonilla to the municipality.
José Miguel Hernández López.
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Glyph of Tehuacan
This is the currently accepted glyph city of Tehuacán. It is based on the work of
Felipe Franco's 1946 Geographic Indonimia Puebla State, same as inferred from
the word Teohuacan, in instead of gods or the sun.
(Fromm "La Fortaleza del Cerro Colorado Tehuacan Puebla," Galvez Mauricio
Rosales)
The glyph is interpreted as follows: At the bottom you can see a gum with teeth,
which means "place". The album is a solar symbol, or sacred. Hence, to be known
as Tehuacán "City of Gods", "Place of those gods", "Place of those with God" or
more currently "Sun City".
José Miguel Hernández López.
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Industries refreshment in Tehuacan
Few cities in our country have transpired in a way as healthy as it is Tehuacan, Puebla. Located near the slopes of Pico de Orizaba and who naturally receives in its subsoil runoff from mountain glaciers. And is that even today in many places speak of Tehuacán, carbonated mineral water means, became, what marketers call a generic. Name by which a product is universally known, regardless of manufacturer. I say healthy because since marketing began in the early twentieth century Tehuacan mineral water always attributed healing properties, but go at the beginning.
“El Riego”
The young entrepreneur Miguel poblano Mantilla who was engaged in the bottling and soft drinks with his family to sell some properties in his native Puebla Tehuacan and try their luck. With an initial investment of $ 25,000 pesos Miguel Mantilla started operations in the year 1905 in the spring "Watering" bottling mineral water plus soft drinks his family also marketed in Puebla.
The production of Don Miguel Mantilla had several cutting-edge features, one of which was to be of the few factories in the country driven by gas driving force, another was that was the first mineral water bottling.
José Miguel Hernández López.
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“San Lorenzo”
"San Lorenzo Mineral Waters Company" American owned Leo Fleishman (who later would bottler of Coca Cola in Tampico), which is seated in the spring of the same name "San Lorenzo" located to the north-east of the city.
It is curious advertising for mineral waters at the time, was read verbatim: "infallibly cure stomach diseases, urine, kidney and spleen." Water Quinada could read: "The only refreshing tonic." Other brands of soda that were commercialized Mr. Mantilla Red Star, Green Star and Red Eagle
“Garci Crespo”
It was not until after the Mexican Revolution, when it was thought to invest again at Tehuacan. Knowing the virtues and fame of the mineral waters, Mr. José María Garci Crespo de la Vega and Carlos Silva in June 1928 founded the company "Springs of Tehuacan SA" Its objective was mineral water bottle and distribute throughout the center of the country. In 1937 the company changed its name to "Garci Crespo Springs SA de CV and two years later opened the first dealership in the Valley of Mexico.
José Miguel Hernández López.
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“Peñafiel”
In 1948, Mr. Garci Crespo left the company and with his departure the company changed its name to "Springs Peñafiel SA". This name comes from the rock or rock that hinders the undercurrents, and leads to the springs. This rock has brought forth water for many years remained faithful and immovable therefore proposed the name of Penafiel.
“San Francisco”
San Francisco appeared in 1976.
The San Lorenzo brand strategy is relegated to small dealers, which leads her to disappear gradually and in 2002 left to develop.
José Miguel Hernández López.
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Poultry industry in Tehuacan
The innovation of new technologies and industrial production methods resulted in a spatial concentration in farming, especially in the "industria avicola", the Mexican poultry industry. The agricultural structure in the Valley of Tehuacan has been particularly influenced by this subsector of agro business industry. The development in this area has (since 1947) been determined, above all, by the initiatives and innovations introduced by the Romero Family. Today, the "Grupo Romero" is the leading Mexican egg producer. The development of this family company into a vertically integrated agribusiness firm is briefly described in this article. The expansion of the poultry industry has changed the agricultural structure of the Valley of Tehuacan consider ably. However, this process has occurred in a relatively isolated way, so that traditional farming has only been affected to a small extent. At present, the chicken output capacity in the study area amounts to nearly 40 million. Several maps illustrate this development from the sixties up to 1984.
José Miguel Hernández López.
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Traditional Food Tehuacan
“Mole de caderas”
Typical dish in Tehuacán traditionally begins in the early seventeenth century as a product of miscegenation, when introduced goats in New Spain, began mixing food and one result is the mole mass of hip or spine, and a variety of dishes,
The hip mole ingredients are:
* Chile coastal * Chile guajillo * Chile Serrano * Tomato * Cilantro * Sheet avocado * Seasonal Green Beans * Sal * Guajes * Hips goat slaughter
How to prepare:
Hips are washed and put to cook with garlic, salt and onion the veins are roasted chilies, ground and then added to the boiling pot where the meat is roasted and boiled tomato tomatoes are liquefied and incorporated into the pot of meat, since the meat is well cooked and add the toasted avocado leaves, cilantro and green beans, and the last boil add the gourd ground.
José Miguel Hernández López.
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“Pan de Burro”
It is made in San Gabriel Chilac, San Sebastian and San Jose Zinacatepec Miahuatlán and is so named because the baskets before they were brought to the bread were transported on donkeys, currently decorous with a drawing of it.
“Mole de Guajolote”
Made in Santa Maria Coapan, Miahuatlán, and San Diego Altepexi Chalma and each have a distinctive taste.
José Miguel Hernández López.
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“Barbacoa”
Typical Santa Maria Coapan, which also include important part of the cuisine of this population are part of soft handmade tortillas by native women of this Board Assistant.
“Tortillas Coapan”
"The coapeñitas" as popularly told, are women who are responsible for feeding supplement tehuacaneros hundred, that from 10 in the morning can enjoy taking tortillas that distribute heat even clay griddle using for cooking; this is achieved by the traditional way as the van saved since doing, the multiple wrapped in cloth napkins placed inside containers and palm fabrics are known as "tenates" have a height of about 45 to 50 centimeters, these thermo make it retains heat for more than one hour.
José Miguel Hernández López.
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“El Muegano”
The mixture of flour, shortening, milk, egg, brown sugar and honey, resulted, 78 years ago a nutritious cookie now known as muégano, same as for its taste like all and sundry and has become the typical sweet Tehuacán, building a regional tradition that has been transferred to at least four generations. In the beginning the development of muéganos was 100% manual, however in an effort to get out and about to raise production without leaving the original recipe and meet unmet demand, improvements have been implemented aimed wing modernization have innovation in processing and presentation of items characterized by its natural ingredients.
“The nopal Toro”
The "Nopal Toro" has become a typical dish from the popular regional cuisine and is characteristic of San Cristobal Tepeteopan, auxiliary board Tehuacán Township. Although its origin is unknown, its history goes back to pre-Hispanic times and was named in reference to that when the bulls are brave them drool trickles, then, it is said that this cactus like toro bravo.
José Miguel Hernández López.
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“Amaranth”
The sweet joy call is made roasted seeds (and which inflated popcorn) amaranth mixed with honey or caramel.
Amaranth is a plant native to Mexico which played an important role since pre-Hispanic times, as well as serving as food, was used as currency and for ceremonial purposes. It is said that the Aztecs figures amaranth, honey and human blood in order to offer them to the gods. Perhaps because of this relationship with the rites "pagans", Hernán Cortés banned on pain of death culture that disobey their disposal, why the cultivation of amaranth fell into disuse for centuries.
In Tehuacán highlights alternative food company in the development and international promotion of Quali amaranth products by Raul Garcia Diego, who was also the national winner of Mexico with its project Initiative water forever. Quali is headquartered in San Gabriel Chilac and central proposal is promoting the cultivation of this plant as an excellent alternative food.
It has been found that amaranth has a high nutritional value with an even higher protein content of soybeans.
José Miguel Hernández López.
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“Chicatanas”
In Tehuacan roast is cooked, fried, in snacks, hot sauce, tomato sauce, with gourd and seasoned with salt and lemon.
The hot sauce is prepared by grinding ant queen ant’s toast, garlic, salt and green chili.
“Gusanos de Maguey”
The collection is made by August larvae, fry in a griddle and dishes are prepared as different forms. Common in Tehuacan, where popular recipe mezcal worms add for flavor and characteristic color. These worms are a delicacy quite expensive.
José Miguel Hernández López.
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Tehuacan and 5 regions
The five regions of Tehuacan have a wealth of flora and fauna that is the next:
Flora
Rosetophilous desert scrub
Scrub crasicaule
Cactus forests
Sotolín
Scrub with izotes
José Miguel Hernández López.
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Lechuguillas
Thorn scrub with cactus
Garambullos
Mezquites
Asientos de suegra
José Miguel Hernández López.
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Agaves
Pine-oak forests
José Miguel Hernández López.
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Fauna
Ants
Termites
Snakes
Iguana
Lizards
Rabbits
José Miguel Hernández López.
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Squirrels
Hare Field
Woodpecker
Chichicuilotes
Pigeons
José Miguel Hernández López.
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Owls
Hummingbirds
Buzzards
Swallows
Hawks
Bats
José Miguel Hernández López.
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The Mixteca Region
Populations of this region
The populations of this region are located southwest of the city of Tehuacán are: Zapotitlán, San Gabriel Chilac, San Jose Miahuatlán and Caltepec.
Crafts:
They manufacture reed baskets, different parts are manufactured marble and onyx, donkey bread, confetti adorning offerings, straw hats and synthetic fiber mats, bottles are lined handbags.
Highlands Region
The populations of this region:
This region is located northeast of the city of Tehuacán and where populations are: Tepanco Lopez, and James Miahuatlán Chapulco.
Crafts:
They are crafted, woven palm and reed, are styled timber and hand embroidery dresses
Valley Region
José Miguel Hernández López.
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The Populations of this region:
It is located at the ends of the north and southeast of the city of Tehuacán populations are Tehuacan, Ajalpan, Coxcatlán and Altepexi.
Crafts:
Tissues are made of bamboo and palm, also practiced pottery.
Sierra region
The Populations of this region:
Located east of the town of Tehuacan and where the populations: Zoquitlan, Eloxochitlán, and Tlacotepec Coyomeapan Diaz.
Crafts:
Wood carving, manufacturing of wooden spoons, reed baskets, blowers triangular palm, making wool clothing woven of palm and reed
Mountain Region
José Miguel Hernández López.
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The Populations of this region:
Located north of the city of Tehuacán and where populations are: San Antonio Cañada, Vicente Guerrero and Nicolás Bravo.
Crafts:
Woven palm and reed
José Miguel Hernández López.