TEHUACAN INGLES III Alumna: Rodriguez Lopez Maricarmen

Profesora: Brenda Yamel Zenteno Buitron

Proyecto: "ALBUM DE TEHUACAN "

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3* “A” T.M

To my parents for giving me all the weapons to succeed, for being my inspiration. My older brother for teaching me the value of support groups,for all those who believed me cuanod apoyodo he would not

They thank ♥

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Geographic location*

Puebla is one of the 32 states of Mexico. It is located in the central-eastern Mexico. Bordered on the east by the state of Veracruz, on the west by the states of Hidalgo, Mexico, Tlaxcala and Morelos and south by the states of Oaxaca and Guerrero.

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Mexican state of Puebla, located 130 km from the city of Puebla, 257 kilometers from Mexico City and 321 km from the city of Oaxaca, at an altitude of 1,676 meters above sea level, climate and semi semiwarm. The population according to the 2010 census, is of 274.906 inhabitants Added to this the city has a small metropolitan area formed by the boards of San Pedro Acoquiaco Auxiliary, San Nicolás Tetitzintla, Teotiplico San Lorenzo, Santa Maria Coapan, San Diego Chalma, Santa Cruz and San Pablo Tepetzingo Acapa which with a population of 316.533 inhabitants should be remembered that Teloxtoc Santa Ana, Santa Catarina Otzolotepec, San Cristóbal Tepeteopan, Cuayucatepec Magdalena and San Marcos Necoxtla also part of the city but are geographically more remote.

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TEHUA

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CAN

Glifo*

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This is the currently accepted glyph city of Tehuacán. It is based on the work of Felipe Franco's 1946 Geographic Indonimia Puebla State, same as inferred from the word Teohuacan, ie instead of gods or the sun.(From "La Fortaleza del Cerro Colorado Tehuacan Puebla," Galvez Mauricio Rosales)

The glyph is interpreted as follows: At the bottom you can see a gum with teeth, which means "place". The album is a solar symbol, or sacred. Hence, to be known as Tehuacán "City of Gods", "Place of those gods", "Place of those with God" or more currently "Sun City".

must take into account several points. Tehuacán was not always known by that name. In the Mixtec codices alluded to Cerro Colorado as "Tiger Hill" or "the beast" (Yucutoñaña) the existence of ocelots in the area or because as you know, on top of the Cerro Colorado hexistió an ancient fortress a temple, and ocelot had a sacred segnificado.

It is not known how this hill was called popoloca possibly was called íjna adjnchén (red hill) or íjna Uxaxi (Tiger Hill).

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In Santiago Canvas Ihuitlán Teyouaca mentions, represented by a hill town with a tiger on its summit.

Apparently this hill gave identity to the entire population.

In the early years of the colony, here was remarkable the many stone idols, destroyed by the friars, which influenced why he was known as "place of the gods". Furthermore, the circle of glyph is a sun symbol in the old context.

The name and concept of Tehuacán has changed over time. The current interpretation of the word "Tehuacán" is just a contemporary acceptance has been made official. Even a student of the subject I heard the story that the original word comes not from TEO but tetl (stone), but it's something I can not say for now.

The name "City of the Sun" came as a result of the discovery of the ruins of an ancient ceremonial center on the slopes of Cerro Colorado. I guess you had to call in some way and to distinguish him from the current Tehuacán validates the meaning "City of the Sun" by the characteristics of the glyph

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Escudo*

Tehuacán (from Nahuatl "theo" = God, "hua" = possessive, "can" = place, meaning "place of the gods") is a city, municipality and municipal seat located in the southeast of the Mexican state of Puebla, located 130 km of the city of Puebla, 257 kilometers from Mexico City and 321 km from the city of Oaxaca, at an altitude of 1,676 meters above sea level, climate and semi semiwarm. The population according to the 2010 census, is of 274.906 inhabitants Added to this the city has a small metropolitan area formed by the boards of San Pedro Acoquiaco Auxiliary, San Nicolás Tetitzintla, Teotiplico San Lorenzo, Santa Maria Coapan, San Diego Chalma, Santa Cruz and San Pablo Tepetzingo Acapa which with a population

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of 316.533 inhabitants should be remembered that Teloxtoc Santa Ana, Santa Catarina Otzolotepec, San Cristóbal Tepeteopan, Cuayucatepec Magdalena and San Marcos Necoxtla also part of the city but are geographically more remote. History

Figure of the Water God found in Tehuacan Tehuacán was part of the Royal Road that connected the port of Veracruz to the Great Tenochtitlan, which influences to Carmelita Temple construction is intended in the present location.

Archaeological finds show that it was inhabited by village communities 8500 years before Christ. He had a major role in the process of domestication and cultivation of plants. In Tehuacán found the oldest fossil of corn in the world.In 1454 Moctezuma invaded and conquered the place to be a strategic point for further conquests. The population fled to the hill where they were finally defeated Colorado, and after the defeat of the Aztecs on August 13, 1521 was submitted to the Spanish.

On 16 March 1660 the Indians of the region acquire the title of "City Indians", earning him his offer to the Spanish at the time.During the War of Independence, the city was used as barracks by the illustrious leader Trujano Valerio.In March 1862, the French army invaded Mexican territory, staying in Tehuacán. The entire state of Puebla was under the rule of the imperialists of Maximilian of Hapsburg to the year 1867.2

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Hidrografía*El municipio pertenece a la cuenca del Papaloapan. Es regado por las corrientes provenientes de las sierras aledañas al Valle de Tehuacán. De la Sierra de Zongolica destaca el río La Huertilla, que se une al Río Salado y Tehuacán y forma el río del mismo nombre que al final llega al Dominguillo y descarga en el Papaloapan.

En la zona hay una gran cantidad de manantiales de aguas minerales, como los de El Riego Garci-Crespo, San Lorenzo, Peñafiel, San Miguelito y otros. Como existe una gran cantidad de manantiales, escurrimentos y de galerías filtrantes de agua del subsuelo, los cuales atraviesan gran parte de la Ciudad de Tehuacán.

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ClimaPor su ubicación, presenta una gran variedad de climas que van desde los templados hasta los cálidos. Las zonas climáticas se pueden resumir de la siguiente manera:

Clima templado subhúmedo con lluvias en verano; se ubica en el extremo poniente de la parte elevada de la Sierra de Zapotitlán.

Clima seco semicálido con lluvias en verano y escasas a lo largo del año; se identifica en la parte sur del municipio, dentro del Valle de Tehuacán.

Clima semiseco cálido lluvias en verano y escasas a lo largo del año; es el clima predominante en el área correspondiente al Valle de Tehuacán.

Clima semiseco templado con lluvias en verano y escasas a lo largo del año; es el clima que se presenta entre las zonas orientales del Valle de Tehuacán, y las primeras estribaciones de la Sierra de Zongolica.

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Vegetación*El municipio presenta una gran diversidad en este ámbito. En áreas del valle donde el terreno no es demasiado plano pero tampoco demasiado accidentado, se encuentran zonas de mezquitales. En las sierras de Zapotitlán y Zongolica, la vegetación está constituida principalmente por matorral desértico, chaparrales y vegetación de selva baja caducifolia. Al noroeste, donde el municipio alcanza mayor altura y el clima es más templado, se presentan bosques de pino-encino. En la carretera Tehuacán-Cuicatlán (211 km) predominan las cactáceas, entre ellas, se encuentran muchísimos cactus y biznagas.

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Tourism Tehuacan*

   

PARQUE JUAREZ

Juarez Park

Main Plaza Juarez Park or visitors sheltering in the shade of his laurels robust, l istening to Mexican music as pleasant and beautiful classic that solemn

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kiosk Municipal Band performs every Thursday night and Sunday at noon and in the afternoon .

SOURCE OF PEÑAFIEL*

Es a l imentado po r una co r r i en te sub te r ránea que t i ene su o r igen en e l P i co de Or i zaba o C i t l a l t épe t l (Ce r ro de l a Es t re l l a ) deb ido a l os desh ie los g lac ia res de sus n ieves , o t ra marav i l l a h id ro lóg i ca de Tehuacán y su va l l e á r ido es e l t raba jo de l as ga le r í as f i l t r an tes que da tan de l a época de l a Co lon ia y que aún en l a ac tua l i dad a lgunas de e l l a s s iguen p roduc iendo agua .  UBICACIÓN:   Aven ida J osé Garc i -C respo ca r re te ra federa l Tehuacán – Or i zaba

Museum of Mineralogy*

60 million years ago the valley of Tehuacán was sea, rocks

and fossils are evidence of marine life. The water that flows from our springs Peñafiel is the result of the melting of "The Holy Mountain" or "Pico de Orizaba" at various mileage of the water filters through layers of sub-soil water emerging as pure and rich in minerals before mineral water gushing from the region tells the story that the emperor Moctezuma I carried in vessels of Tehuacán mineral water to Tenochtitlan, to benefit

from its properties. This mountain has remained faithful to this arises the name Peña-faithful.

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 In 1928-1937 the company was founded "TEHUACAN springs, SA", to bottle and distribute bottled water in Mexico and abroad.

In the same year installed a bottling room in the tunnels where spring water to 11 meters deep located in San Nicolas Tetitzintla Tehuacán worked with 20 plant workers and two bottling machines pedal 3 bottles per minute once the product is bottled up by pulleys to the surface to be labele manually and done that took the rail for distribution in Tehuacán and regions.  They end up bottling plant works two trains are installed bottling.

In 1980 the Monterrey Peñafiel acquires new systems and drafting work. In November relocates to the surface of the land where currently stand and pedal machines are replaced by a semiautomatic line with capacity of 60 bottles per minute 20 times faster than before with this team started producing flavored soda made with mineral water, those were the first brand QUEMON, EXTRA-POMA, PINOCCHIO AND GINGER ALE.

 In 1948 change to "MANANTIALES PEÑAFIEL SA" with an installed capacity of 280 bottles per minute 3 bottling lines 150 workers and 15 employees. In these years is nationwide with distribution in 50% in country In the 60's is recognized as the national leader in production and distribution of natural mineral water and flavored.

 In 1992 the English group Cadbury Beverages, acquires the company and started the final moderation process dynamics, organization that ranks third in the world in the production and marketing of soft drinks within which is Peñafiel.

 Hours:

 Monday to Thursday from 9:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m.

Monday to Thursday from 4:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m.

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Saturdays and Sundays from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m.

SPRING IRRIGATION*

Located at the foot of the plateau irrigation. In the middle of the seventeenth century had a great flow, as supplied the extensive grounds of the estate of the same name, which was adjacent to the Auxiliary Board of St. Mary Coapan. A half of the nineteenth century this property was the family Acquire Mont.

 

This source is considered to be the cradle of the bottling industry in Tehuacán in 1901 as Mr. Joaquín Pita's first factory installed same year produced two thousand boxes of mineral water brand diamond with the help of a steam-engine of 15 horsepower. A year later Mr. Pita was associated with Anacharsis Peralta Requena to produce the brand Red Cross. This company was sold in 1903 to Mr. Lucindo Carriles from 1924 who joined forces with Joaquin Cordoba to produce the brand Covadonga. In 1933, this source would industrialize its waters under the signature of Arturo and Andrés de la Llave Zaplana, after the company was able to Tehuacán Irrigation

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springs.

SAN LORENZO WATERPARK

Located 117 km. From the city of Puebla and 2 km. before reaching Tehuacán, currently is the only mineral water spas surviving.

 

It has two natural pools whose main characteristic is that the water that is being born and it provides power at all times, an Olympic pool, diving pit, wading pools, basketball courts, playground, soda fountain, dining area, locker , sprinklers, slides, plus spacious wooded and flowery gardens with bougainvillea, pine and jacaranda trees that offer shade and a very pleasant sight to visitors.

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Currently as an additional service is being offered applying facial masks of clay extracted from the springs.

 

SAN LORENZO SPA

 

Two natural pools of 2 meters deep

1 Olympic pool with diving pit

3 chapoteaderos

3 slides

4 slides to edge of pool

cafeteria

confectionery

dressing

Bathrooms with showers

Grilling Area

Multipurpose courts

Playground

$ 30.00 general admission

$ 15.00 children

$ 15.00 Seniors

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BOTANICAL GARDEN*

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Stunning landscape of columnar cacti frame the way to the Sierra de Zapotitlán leading to spectacular botanical garden and cactus nursery where bodies still lord it over, complete with a wide variety of species such as agaves, barrel cacti, and some even endemic garambullos as sotolín or elephant foot, are some of the many attractions that nature gathered in one place.

 Open every day of the week

SAN JUAN STRIPE*

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Population highlighting its importance as fossil site. Was determined from 1830 due to scans performed by the Belgian Enrique Galeotti.

 Here you can see the time series of geological time corresponding to the Cretaceous period of the Mesozoic era that their biology is called age of reptiles.

 Its museums feature the remains of snails, sponges, hard corals and oysters among almost 180 species of fossils that provide evidence that San Juan Raya was part of a coastline makes about 60 to 125 million years.

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TOURIST ATTRACTIONSMuseum of Mineralogy

This museum was opened on July 31, 1998 and represents a scientist's dream come true and sinking into one of colors and shapes to visit this museum. Its creator, a man of great erudition won theCarnegie Medal awarded by the Smithsonian Institute in Washington, discovered two mineralsMexicans and Ojuelaita Malpimita, humanist greatly advanced by the time we opened the door ofknowledge and awareness of the raw material and forms around us: the minerals.

Ex Convento de San Francisco

The former convent of San Francisco was built in 1592, before this temple was erected in Calcahualco(Tehuacán old), but twenty years later had to move the current

place for a malaria-endemic problemhad been sick monks and the plague of ants and rattlesnakes that she could not progress.

San Francisco Temple

The gateway has two shields above anagrams, on the left side has the letters JHS and a cross between them and the right has the letters MA entwined with a crown above them.

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In the key of the arch is another cross above a skull and up on the wall there are remains of wall paintings of angels playing flutes.

As we crossed the porch in the access aisle to the cloister you can see a niche that was originallyan access to the temple and is currently placed the

Virgin of Guadalupe. The interior garden issurrounded by 16 Tuscan columns and arches that support the two-storey building

Cathedral

On August 21, 1724 during the celebrations to commemorate the 203 years since the fall ofTenochtitlan foundation stone was laid and the efforts of the inhabitants of the city, four years

later itwas over, its main entrance framed by the towers Renaissance style. More than 130 angels adorn thechurch. It is located at 1 East and 2nd. of Morelos. Religious

building dating from the eighteenthcentury, dedicated to the Virgen de la Concepción, has characteristics of Baroque architecture,Neoclassical style inside Herreriano

Tehuacan Valley Museum.

Museum of the National Institute of Anthropology and History occupies a former convent of theCarmen, above which stands the House of Culture and the city library. The

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showcases exhibitsprehispanic sample findings, as vases, plates, beads, grinding stones and remains of humanskeletons. Its walls hung maps and sheets that summarize a history of almost ten

thousand years.Here we can learn the importance of Coxcatlán Viejo, one of the estates that flourished by the fifteenth century. We can

also get an idea of the caves and archaeological sites in the valley, apart from several ruins of pyramids, which are now almost exclusively visited by

archaeologists. As thecaliper, in the village of the same name in Coxcatlán Sansuantzi, Cuta in Zapotitlan, Tepetiopan nearTepanco, and Tehuacan Viejo just 5 miles from Tehuacán

NOPAL TORO*

The "Cactus Toro" has become a typical dish of the popular regional cuisine and is characteristic

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of San Cristobal Tepeteopan, auxiliary board of the Municipality of Tehuacan. Although its origin is unknown, its history dates back to prehispanic times and was named in reference to that when the bulls are brave, they leak thedribble, then we say that the cactus is brave as a bull.

The ingredients are: Nopales Wild, which some call "quinhuiti", "cuicuite" or "heart"and they reach their maturity between the months of November and December -coastal Chile (for the gravy dry), cinnamon, cumin, cloves, garlic, dried epazote (for sprinkling), chopped onion and stones "blue" or special are enduring the heat of the fire and no thunder. The preparation starts with the collection of cactus andthe very stones that once selected, are placed over hot coals to heat up to hightemperatures for about an hour or two, while making tortillas by hand to takethe heat.

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Exquisite Colesho* 

 

The town of Tehuacan is located in the valley of the same name. This valley is the east by the Sierra de Zongolica, which is part of the Sierra Madre Oriental, and on the west by the mountains of Zapotitlan, which is part of the Sierra Mixteca. The northwest adjacent to the valley and south Tecamachalco Glen Oaxaca.

Located in the southeastern part of the State of Puebla. Its geographic coordinates are the parallels 18 ° 22 '6 and 18 ° 36' 12 north longitude and the meridian 97 ° 15 '24 and 97 ° 37' 24 west longitude. Bordered on the north Tepanco Lopez, Santiago Miahuatlán, Vicente Guerrero and Nicolas Bravo, east to Vicente Guerrero, San Antonio Cañada and Ajalpan the south by San Gabriel Chilac, Zapotitlán, San Antonio Texcala

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and Altepexi; and west Zapotitlán

typical foodMole de Caderas

The months of October and November are the party for more than 286,000 peoplein Tehuacan, as it revives an old tradition that has its origins in the colonial era"The Ritual Cultural and Ethnic Festival Hip Mole. "The "City Indians" or "Corn Crib", as known Tehuacán, attracts thousands offamilies and friends to a festival environment that smells of incense and flower of the dead, and combining past and present with the religious and pagan; andsatisfies the craving for a year again enjoy a delicious bowl of "Hip Mole. "The characteristic flavor of the dish is the meat of the goats that are taken fora ride a year grazing throughout the regions of the state and northern Mexicocattle fed only with grass in the region and avoiding large amounts of salt at all costs that the animals drink water and stay hydrat

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ed only by those who provide them with the vegetables consumed. In practice this type of breeding you getmeat from a strong and distinctive taste with which they prepare traditional dishes. The meat is completely absorbed

DONKEY BREAD*

Speaking of Tehuacán can not fail to mention the famous Donkey and tasty bread. Apparently this bread is from the San Jose Miahuiatlán.

The donkey bread is also made in San Sebastián Zinacatepec and even in the city of Tehuacán. San Jose bread Miahuatlán

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can be differentiated from San Sebastián bread for the following reasons:

In San Jose Miahuatlán bread is made in the traditional more. The preparation of the dough is entirely by hand, not using yeast in your recipe, which makes the bread obtained more compact, heavier and harder consistency than San Sebastian Zinacatepec, which are preferably used as mixers and yeast in your formula. As a result, the San Sebastian bread is fluffy and light more than San Jose, but is attributed to the bread taste better than San Jose.

The name "Pan de Burro" was given by way of transporting packaged and tied on donkeys from their place of production to consumer sites. At the top bring a brand which clearly represents a burrito. But today you are all donkey bread round bread that was made with a traditional recipe in the production sites that deserve the title of panburrerías.

The donkey bread is usually white interior but there panela bread, which is brown.

A purpose of this popular mode of transportation, until half a century ago could still be seen on the streets of Tehuacán caravans and traders carrying goods brought in carts and on backs of donkeys. The places where camping out pack trains were called "Mesones", of which there is still memory in elderly people over the city of Tehuacán.

THE MUEGANO*

The mixture of wheat flour, shortening, milk, egg, brown sugar and honey,resulting in 78 years ago a nutritious cookie muégano now

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known as, well as forits taste like friends and strangers and has become Tehuacán typical sweet, building a regional tradition that has been transferred at least four generations. 

PULQUE*

Pulque is an alcoholic beverage made from the fermentation of the juice or agave or maguey Mead, especially pulque maguey (Agave salmiana). Currently production is mainly in

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the state of Hidalgo.

It is a very traditional alcoholic beverage of central Mexico, its consumption is prevalent in rural areas and less so in the cities of central Mexico. Ecuador is also a drink that is called in Quechua as chaguarmishqui and has been used since pre-Hispanic times as in Mexico and Central America. Otomi language is known as Nogi and purhépecha as urapi.

TORTILLAS DE COAPAN*

Santa Maria Coapan, auxiliary board is deeper cultural roots that distinguish it from the 12 towns of this county subaltern, indigenous inhabitants mostly not easily influenced easily by trends emerge daily to replace traditions give identity to the people.The town is located 5 minutes south of the city, for years it has become the main supplier of handmade tortillas in markets, restaurants, hotels and colonies of the urban area, texture and size set it apart from the rest, that are still in great demand."The coapeñitas" as popularly told, are women who are responsible for feeding supplement tehuacaneros hundred, that from 10 in the morning can enjoy taking tortillas that distribute heat even clay griddle using for cooking; this is achieved by the traditional way as the van saved since doing, the multiple wrapped in cloth napkins placed inside containers and palm fabrics are known as "tenates" have a height of about 45 to 50 centimeters, these thermo make it retains heat for more than one hour.Like everything in life changes, to transport the tables above that population to Tehuacan, made long and arduous treks, with the advent of urban transport that changed, what has remained is how to take these containers from home to POS, load holding them with her shawl on her back, there are women who make their journey by an hour or more lugging 20 or 30 kilos of tortillas that distribute in different homes, in several of these have direct access, ie come even if the homeowner is not because there is trust and honesty by So behave.as they are called industrial and tortilla dough, the "coapeñitas" still retain their sales, so women with this activity are mostly pillars in the home economy.For the quality and taste of the tortilla is prepared with 100% white corn, led them to start working on a project that some described as "dreamy", but they were about to realize, exporting to the U.S. tortilla and for this we met a group of women and developed this plan, approached the Ministry of Economic Development and presented their proposal, precooked tortilla tested, the package was designed in order to be moved and they were a few months to achieve it, the group led by Victoria Gudelia Albino Méndez, began to disintegrate and all the work that was done nearly two years, collapsed when disagreements began to arise between them

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ATOLE*

The atole (Nahuatl atolli 'watered down' by water and tol atl, derogatory diminutive), atol also known in some regions as it is a pre-Hispanic beverage consumed mainly in Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras and other Central American countries. In its original form is a sweet corn cooking water in proportions such that at the end of cooking and have a moderate viscosity which serves as hot as

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possible. It is very common that the drink is flavored with spices (cocoa, vanilla, cinnamon, anise, orange blossom, orange leaves) and other flavors (chocolate, juice or fruit pulp candy), to increase its palatability

Traditionally it is sweetened with brown sugar, sugar or honey. Also usually prepared with milk instead of water. Today you can find many flavors including: strawberry, vanilla, chocolate, guava, pineapple, blackberry, plum, mango, coconut, cinnamon, nutmeg and cheese.Originally made only on the basis of corn dough, but now is made with cornmeal or ready to make formulas, based grits, wheat or rice.

The porridge is the basis for another drink, the chilate.

TACOS*

The tacos are a Mexican dish consisting of a tortilla wrapping various types of meat (steak, sausage, etc.). It is a basic

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recipe, but with multiple variations, since the blocks can be filled with a myriad of dishes. It is eaten with bare hands and usually accompanied with green sauce or red sauce, usually, but that it can be served with any of the infinite types of sauces and dressings raw or cooked own traditional Mexican cuisine. On cue, like any other manifestation of Mexico's culinary culture is directly associated with the ingredients used in each geographic region of the country.

Today tacos have spread worldwide as a type of fast food, and for reasons marketers are often confused with other cooking styles (notably with variants) Tex-Mex and several U.S. fast food chains where the tortilla is fried oil industrially producing a U-shaped toast, which in essence does not correspond to a true plug.

MEMELAS*

The memelas is a typical dish from Veracruz, is based on a tortilla big enough, like a sope, but of a larger size, this seat is made with pork, which is removed from the bottom of which is fried pork rinds . This is also known as a saucer; bent (s)The memelas are handmade tortillas are thick and prepared on

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the griddle like quesadillas, the seat memelas seasoned with pork, green or red sauce, with chopped raw onion and cheese granules.

CANDY*

HUAJES*

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ELOTE*

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