testing and commisioning of cb and trans. line

8/16/2019 Testing and Commisioning of CB and Trans. Line

1/27

Testing and Commissioningof Circuit Breaker and

Transmission LinePrepared by:

Hafz Syed Faizan Hamid (Grid System Maintenance Engr.)

Muhammad Faizan Faroo (Po!er System "perations Engr.)


2/27

#esting and $ommisioning%euirements o& $ircuit 'reaer

• ataco**ection

• Genera* $hecs and inspection

• $ontact resistance

• +u,i*ary s!itch checs

• #rip and c*ose timing test

• "$' specifc tests

• "$' oi* test• +'$' specifc tests

• +'$' air dryness test

• +'$' air *eaage

• +'$' pressure s!itches

• +'$' pressure drop !ith operations

• G$'(SF-) specifc test

• G$'(SF-) *eaage detection

• G$'(SF-) de! point

• G$'(SF-) o,ygen content

• G$'(SF-) acidity

• "perationa* test


3/27

Data Collection:

#his !ou*d consist o& type re&erence and seria*

Checks/inspections :

#his is *arge*y a isua* chec and !ou*d typica**y consist "& the &o**o!ing:

/ circuit identifcation and phase *abe*s

/ earth Strap connections

/ tightness o& &astenings

/ arcing horns and rings

/ contro* and operation "& heaters

/ insu*ators c*ean and undamaged

/ inspection "& breathers

/ oi* *ee*s0&or "$'s

/ correct position o& any a*es

/ acceptab*e readings on any gauges

Contact Resistance:

#his is a measure o& resistance across each set o& contacts !ith the circuitbreaer c*osed. + digita* micrometer shou*d be used. Manu&acturers !i** uote ma,imuma*ues "& resistance1 !hich !i** typica**y be in the range o& a &e! tens o& micro2ohms. +**resu*ts shou*d be

recorded as a source &or comparison during maintenance.


4/27

Contact Resistance:

• #his is a measure o& resistance across

each set o& contacts !ith the circuitbreaer c*osed.

• + digita* micrometer shou*d be used.

•

Manu&acturers !i** uote ma,imuma*ues "& resistance1 !hich !i**typica**y be in the range o& a &e! tens o&micro2ohms.

• +** resu*ts shou*d be recorded as asource &or comparison duringmaintenance.


5/27

Auxiliary switches

+u,i*iary s!itches are typica**y o& the &o**o!ingtypes:

/ mae coincident !ith the main contactsc*osing (norma**y open)3

/ brea coincident !ith the main contacts

c*osing (norma**y c*osed)3/ mae (or brea) in adance "& the maincontacts c*osing3

/ mae (or brea) a&ter the main contacts c*ose3

/ momentari*y mae during the open or c*osingseuence (4eeting con2

tact).


6/27

Timing Tests

/ trip test0initiation to contacts part

/ c*ose test0initiation to contactstouch

/ trip on c*ose test0c*ose onto an

a*ready operated trip re*ay/ au,i*iary s!itch test0comparison o&au,i*iary s!itch !ith main contacts.


7/27

Air dryness:• %e*atie*y dry air is obious*y important &or the

satis&actory

•

per&ormance o& a pressurized head +'$'• +ir under pressure has a more concentrated moisture

content than at atmospheric pressure1 and there&ore thede!point temperature increases !ith air pressure.

• #hus un*ess the receier air is reasonab*y dry1 a !inter

co*d spe** cou*d cause moisture in the air !ithin thebreaer to condense onto insu*ation sur&aces resu*ting ininsu*ation breado!n.

• +t a receier operating pressure o&1 say1 567 *b8in91 thereuired de!point temperature shou*d be 097$ or *o!er3

• this !ou*d correspond to a de!point "& 0 67$ atatmospheric pressure.

• e!point can be obtained by passing the compressed airthrough a de!point meter.


8/27

Air Leakage:

#his is a chec to eri&y that the sea*s and seats are reasonab*y

airtight. #his can be done by c*osing the +'$' in*et a*e. and obsering the

pressure gauge drop oer a number "& hours.

ressure switch:

;n genera* three pressure s!itches are ftted:

/ *o!2air2pressure a*arm

/ c*ose *ocout

/ trip *ocout #he operation and resetting o& these s!itches shou*d be checed against a

ca*ibrated pressure gauge. #his is usua**y accomp*ished by iso*ating a section

o& pipe!or to !hich the s!itch is connected1 and s*o!*y draining (and then

ref**ing) the section.

ressure drop with operations: #he air receier usua**y contains su


9/27

!"# Leakage detection:

• #his shou*d commence !ith the SF-

compartments f**ed to &u** pressureand an obseration made o& !hetherthe pressure is then stab*e or &a**s

oer a period o& time.• =eas can be detected by use o& an

SF-2*eaage detector. #his genera**y

consists o& a hand2he*d probe !hichshou*d be s*o!*y moed oer thesur&ace o& the SF- containmentesse*.


10/27

!"# Dewpoint:

• #he de!point can be obtained by use o& a de!point ce**.

• #his consists o& a c*osed ce** in !hich there is an e,posedmeta**ic mirror.

• #hrough !hich SF- is passed at a contro**ed rate !hi*e themirror temperature is s*o!*y *o!ered.

•

#emperature contro* is achieed by e,posing the reerse sideo& the mirror to a mi, o& acetone and so*id carbon dio,ide.

• #he *atter being added s*o!*y to reduce temperature. +s themirror temperature &a**s1 a point is reached !here !atercondenses on the sur&ace &orming a de! or a &rost.

•

#he temperature #1 at !hich this taes p*ace is recorded. #hetemperature is then a**o!ed to rise and point at !hich thede! c*ears is recorded. #he de!point is then taen as >89( #*?#9).


11/27

!"# $xygen content:

#his can be determined by use o& ano,ygen2measuring

instrument1 !hich may &unction on the

princip*e o& magnetic susceptibi*ity(o,ygen is paramagnetic1 !hich isunusua* &or a gas) or gas chromatography.

SF- is passed through the measuring

deice at a contro**ed rate. #he ma,imumpermitted o,ygen concentration is 7.7> @by mass.


12/27

!"# acidity:

#he acidity is measured by passing SFS through a di*ute a*a*io& no!n strength and o*ume unti* the a*a*i is neutra*isedby the acid. #he

a*a*i chosen is usua**y sodium hydro,ide1 to !hich anindicator (such as

bromocreso* purp*e) is added. Aeutra*isation is indicated by achange in the

co*our o& the so*ution. #he acidity content is "btained byca*cu*ation1 !hich

is !e** described in 'S 697B. #he acidity is e,pressed in termso& hydro4uoric

acid (HF) content1 in mg "& acid8g "& SF-. #he ma,imumpermitted concentration 07.C mg8g.


13/27

$perational tests

#he &o**o!ing operationa* tests shou*d be carried out during

commissioning:

(a) Manua* c*osure o& the circuit breaer ia the c*ose hand*e8s!itch!hi*e a trip re*ay is operated. #he manua* c*osure shou*d be e,ecuted&or about >7 s.

#he circuit shou*d commence to c*ose1 trip and remain open. "nce

the circuit breaer is in the open position1 the trip signa* shou*d beautomatica**y remoed &rom the trip coi*1 ia the breaer au,i*iarycontacts and thus it may seem1 at frst sight1 that the circuit breaershou*d commence to c*ose again. (b) Functioning o& the circuitbreaer &rom the *oca*1 standby and superisory (main) positions3

(c) "pening and c*osing under reduced battery o*tage3

(d) Proing o& inter*ocs. Most circuit breaers hae inter*ocs3 someare euipped !ith Dcaster type eys such that they cannot beoperated i& the ey is remoed.

(e) $hec on8o2position indicator.


14/27

#esting and $ommissioning o& "8H

#ransmission =ine


15/27

a% "or !teel>. $hemica* +na*ysis

9. #ensi*e #ests

C. 'end #ests

&% "or ole>. isua* E,amination

9. erifcation o& imensions and eightsC. Prototype #est

c% "or 'uts Bolts and (ashers>. erifcation o& imensions

9. isua* ;nspection

C. Proo& =oad #est

5. *timate #ensi*e Strength #est

6. Ga*anizing #est

-. 'end #est

#ensi*e Stress #esting

'end #est


16/27

d% Rolled !teel Angles and Bolts• #ensi*e strength test and Mi** #est $ertifcate

• $hemica* ana*ysis1 Stee* mi** +S#M

• Iinc coating test certifcates

• Fu** sca*e to!er *oad test ;E$ -69

e% )nsulators #ype tests1 samp*e tests and %outine tests.

• %adio ;nter&erence tests on

;ndiidua* insu*ator1 ;E$ 6B68E 9>9

;nsu*ator strings1 ;E$ CJC (>KB-)

• +rtifcia* Po**ution #est ;E$ 5CB8E 755-


17/27

f% )nsulator "ittings• %outine and samp*e mechanica* tests ;A1 E

•

Ga*anizing tests E 9>7

g% Conductor and $*( "ittings #ype1 %outine and samp*e test and routine test1;E$6B68E9>9

• %adio inter&erence test on indiidua* insu*ator ;E$CJC

• ;nsu*ator strings artifcia* po**ution test;E$5CB8E755-

h% Clamps and +oints• Mechanica* and e*ectrica* E

• #ype tests1 ga*anizing and

•

Mechanica* routine tests


18/27

i% Dampers and !pacers• Fatigue resistant test1 %e*eant Standards

• #est o& c*amp s*ippage resistance• =ongitudina* de&ormation test

• amping per&ormance test

• Ga*anizing tests

,% Line Conductors• Mechanica* test

•

Grease test• %esistiity test

• *timate tensi*e stress o& comp*ete ;E$ 97K ;A25J975 conductor


19/27

)nsulator !trings

#!o important tests o& the insu*atorstrings sha** be carried out in a reputab*e*aboratory.

>. E*ectro2Mechanica* test !ithcorresponding short2circuit current at >C98997 L strings

(;E$26B6).9. +rtifcia* po**ution test o& an insu*atorstring &or both >C9 8997 L *ines.


20/27

Conductors andAccessories

• Mechanica* and e*ectrica* tests on conductors andaccessories *ie dampers1 c*amps1 oints etc sha** be

carried out according to standards indicated.

• For conductors tensi*e destruction tests on the stranded

conductor sha** be carried out.• $opper conductors sha** be subect to grease test1 i&

reuired by the "!ner1 !hich sha** be per&ormed as

&o**o!s:

• + samp*e o& the specifed conductor1 not *ess than >677

mm *ong sha** be he*d at an ang*e o& 96 eg. to thehorizonta* and heated automatica**y contro**ed to atemperature o& >77 $ &or a period o&95 hours. uring the

test there sha** be no migration or *oss o& grease.


21/27

Testing Concrete

• #he $ontractor sha**1 at his o!n e,pense1prepare concrete test cubes as directed bythe "!ner and hae them tested in a

concrete *aboratory approed by the"!ner in accordance !ith

• Standard ;A >756 (>KBJ). + su


22/27

#esting and $ommissioning o&ndeground #ransmission $ab*es


23/27

Type tests for ca&le outer co-ering:• $onstruction and dimensions (;E$ -7J>>)

•

Mechanica* properties (;E$ -7J>>)• $arbon b*ac content

• ater and sa*ine absorption test (;E$ -799K)

• Shrinage test

•

+$ !ithstand o*tage test (;E$ -799K)• +$ o*tage test (>7 8C7 min and then increase in >7

steps o& >7 min duration each up to min B6 )

• ;mpu*se !ithstand o*tage test (67 N>7 ;mp.) (;E$-79C7)

• ;mpu*se o*tage test to breado!n (57 8OC ;mp.step)


24/27

Type test for ca&les and theiraccessories:

Genera**y1 the standards o& SS 595>5>B1 ;E$ -97-Band ;EEE 5J sha** be app*ied.

• ater and sa*ine absorption test o& the insu*ation

shrinage test o& the insu*ation.• Specia* cab*e tests according to: SS 595>5>B1 E

79-C1 ;E$ -97-B and ;E$ -7J>>.

• ;mpu*se test >.65 , ';= at ? 97 E$1 each C negatie

and positie impu*ses.• ie*ectric test C , o &or 5 hours.

• Measurements o& meta* sheath thicness (;E$ -7>5>1>C.9)1 !eights o& copper1 *ead and stee* per meter &oradustment o& meta* prices &or fna* $ontract Price.


25/27

Routine ca&le tests according to).C #0#1%

;n addition1 the &o**o!ing sha** beper&ormed:

• $onductor resistance test (;E$

-799J)

• $apacitance test

• ie*ectric *oss ang*e test

• #est on corrosion O resistant coering(;E$ -799K)


26/27

Test after installation including allaccessories:

+ccording to ;E$ -97-B. ;n addition1 the&o**o!ing sha** be per&ormed:

• $ conductor resistance test (;E$

-799J)• $apacitance test

• $ sheath test (>7 8> minute)

bet!een meta**ic sheath8screen8armouring inc*uding cross bondingsystem1 etc. and ground


27/27

.arthing measurements

• isua* and &unction test o& cross

bonding system and cab*e sheathtemperature measurement system.

• Positie8negatie and zero seuence

impedance measurements.• $ sheath test (6 8> minute)

bet!een meta**ic

sheath8screen8armouring inc*udingcross bonding system1 etc. andground.

testing and commisioning of cb and trans. line

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