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The Age of Systems Challenges
Alan Harding CEng FIET MINCOSE
INCOSE UK President
INCOSE President-Elect
Engineering Fellow, BAE Systems
Copyright © 2014 Alan Harding
Published and used by The SSSE and INCOSE with permission.
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Presentation Structure
1.Today’s global systems challenges
2.The systems we produce
3.Today’s systems engineering approaches
4.Summary
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1. Today’s global systems challenges
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Global Challenges
• Human needs stable over
centuries
• Societal needs similar
globally
• Systems must respond to
needs
• Examples
– 2014 UK extreme weather
– UK High Speed 2 Rail
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Global Trends
• New demands on systems
• Impact of technology
developments
• Global community demands
• Interdependencies
• Power/Energy Examples
– Coal-fired power
– Nuclear power
– Renewable sources
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Sustainability
• Systems must meet
conflicting needs
• Our professional
responsibilities
• Possible barriers to
sustainability
• Roles for SE’ers
– Educate stakeholders
– Ensure decision criteria reflect
sustainability
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2. The systems we produce
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Types of Systems we engineer
• Enterprise – redesign of
organisations
• Capability – integrating
systems and services
• Product – set of integrated
systems and subsystems
• Service – integrating existing
and newly delivered systems
• Systems of Systems –
combinations of existing and
modified systems
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Domains where Systems
Engineering is applied
• Origins a decades back:
– Complex expensive programmes
– Long timescales
– Practiced by “another name”
• Steady wider adoption
– Variety of systems, including
consumer/mass market
– Adaptation
– Diversification
– Sharing good practice
– Increasing product focus
– Need clear value proposition
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System characteristics our
stakeholders require
• Sustainable
• Scalable
• Safe
• Smart
• Stable
• Simple
• Secure
• Socially Acceptable
• Interconnected
• Interdependent
• Complex
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3. Today’s systems engineering
approaches
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• Variety of organizations that use
SE or provide SE services:
– Business with multiple project
teams
– Project that spans multiple
businesses
– SE team within either of the above
– Business with a single project
team
– SE service supplier
• Variation - product types, domain,
country, maturity level, context
Organisational Systems
Engineering Capability
Organisation & Culture
Knowledge & Information
People Process
Methods and Tools
Enabling Infrastructure
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Individual Systems Engineering
Competency
• Systems engineer is the lynchpin
• Must lead/influence decision-
making
• Balance soft & hard skills
• “T-shaped” individual
• Competency is key
– Specialist SE skills
– Wider general understanding
– Leadership and soft skills
Knowledge Experience Attitude
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Drivers for change
• Need to adapt approaches
• Need for agility
– Agile products
– Agile product development
• “Just enough” SE
– Influence early decisions
– Ensure successful delivery
• Enablers
– Model-based approaches
– Tool interoperability
– Standards
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4. Summary
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Summary
• The global context for systems
engineering is ever-more complex
• Sustainability a mainstream issue
• Systems engineering practiced ever-
more widely
• Differing challenges between domains
• Systems approaches must evolve to
meet these challenges
• Systems engineers must evolve too
Age of systems challenges …
Age of effective systems engineering
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