The American Colonies EmergeThe American Colonies Emerge22CHAPTERCHAPTER

Overview

Time Lines

Transparencies

Chapter Assessment

Spain’s Empire in the Americas

An English Settlement at Jamestown

Puritan New England

Settlement of the Middle Colonies

SECTION 1

SECTION 2

SECTION 3

SECTION 4

THEMES IN CHAPTER 2

The American Colonies EmergeThe American Colonies Emerge22CHAPTERCHAPTER

Immigration and Migration

Cultural Diversity

Expanding Democracy

“I have found a continent more densely populated and abounding in animals than our Europe, Asia, and Africa. We may rightly call

this continent the New World.”

Amerigo Vespucci, explorer

HOME

The American Colonies EmergeThe American Colonies Emerge22CHAPTERCHAPTER

What do you know?

• Would you describe your state as an old or new state? Why?

• Which four states have the oldest histories in terms of European settlement?

• What factors account for the early settlement of what are now Florida and New Mexico?

HOME

Time LineTime Line22CHAPTERCHAPTER

The United States

HOME

1676 Bacon’s Rebellion erupts.

1681 William Penn receives charter for Pennsylvania.

1565 Spanish settlers establish St. Augustine in Florida.

1607 John Smith and other English settlers establish Jamestown.

1619 Ship carrying African laborers arrives at Jamestown.

1521 Hernán Cortés conquers the Aztec Empire.

1620 Pilgrims land at Plymouth.

1630 Puritans found the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Time LineTime Line22CHAPTERCHAPTER

The World

HOME

1660 English monarchy is restored.

1644 Manchus establish Qing dynasty in China.

1629 Charles I of England dismisses Parliament.

1591 Songhai empire falls to Moroccan invaders.

1588 England defeats the Spanish Armada.

1526 Mughal Empire begins in India.

1649 Charles I is beheaded; Puritan leader Oliver Cromwell assumes power in England.

Spain’s Empire in the Americas1

Learn About

the Spanish conquests of Central and North America.

To Understand

what new and lasting ways of life the Spanish settlers brought to the Americas.

HOME

SECTION

Spain’s Empire in the Americas1 HOME

SECTION

Key Idea

The Spanish gain the first foothold in the Americas, as they conquer much of Mexico and what is now the southern part of the United States.

Section

Spain’s Empire in the Americas1

Assessment

What are some events that relate to Spain’s establishment of a profitable empire in the Americas?

SUMMARIZING

1

HOME

SECTION

Cortés conquered

the Aztec

settlements established

in Mexico, Florida,

and New Mexico

Spain took gold and silver

from Mexicothe encomienda

system established

natives died

from disease

Spain establisheda profitable empire

in the Americas

Section

Spain’s Empire in the Americas1

Do you agree or disagree with the statement that the Spanish conquest of the Aztecs, which led to the creation of Mexico, “was neither a triumph nor a defeat”?

FORMING AN OPINION

Assessment1

• the actions of the conquistadores• the effects of disease on native peoples• the encomienda system• the mestizo population in Mexico today

THINK ABOUT

HOME

SECTION

Section

Spain’s Empire in the Americas1

Assessment1

What are three main ideas about Spanish settlement and exploration north of Mexico and about their interaction with Native Americans there?

GENERALIZING

• the explorations of Ponce de Léon and Coronado• the establishment of St. Augustine and Santa Fe• the activities of Spanish friars• Native American acts of resistance

THINK ABOUT

HOME

SECTION

An English Settlement at Jamestown2

Learn About

the reasons for the English settlement at Jamestown.

To Understand

how this settlement endured an uncertain start and conflict with Native Americans.

HOME

SECTION

An English Settlement at Jamestown2 HOME

SECTION

Key Idea

English settlers endure early years of hardship to establish England’s first permanent colony in North America.

An English Settlement at Jamestown2

Section Assessment2

What were some of the major developments in the colonization of Virginia?

SUMMARIZING

HOME

SECTION

1609Starving time began

1607Jamestown founded

1618Headright system introduced

1624James I made Virginia a royal colony

1675Fighting between settlers and Native Americans

1676Bacon’s Rebellion erupts

An English Settlement at Jamestown2

Section

What were the benefits and drawbacks of using indentured servants for labor in Virginia?

ANALYZING

Assessment2

• the labor demands of growing tobacco• the characteristics and cost of indentured servants• the causes and consequences of Bacon’s Rebellion

THINK ABOUT

HOME

SECTION

An English Settlement at Jamestown2

Section Assessment2

The success of tobacco farming in Virginia had wide-ranging effects. Describe the impact on each of these groups: the Jamestown colonists, indentured servants, the Powhatan, the planters.

RECOGNIZING EFFECTS

• the early history of the Jamestown settlement• the headright system and indentured servitude• Powhatan attacks on colonial villages• Bacon’s Rebellion

THINK ABOUT

HOME

SECTION

Puritan New England3

Learn About

the reasons English Puritans came to North America.

To Understand

the characteristics of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and how the colonists interacted with Native Americans.

HOME

SECTION

Puritan New England3 HOME

SECTION

Key Idea

English Puritans settle New England with the hope of establishing a model society based on their religious views.

Section

Puritan New England3

Assessment33

What were the effects of each of the causes listed below?

SUMMARIZING

HOME

SECTION

CAUSE EFFECT

Persecution of Puritans in England Puritan migration to New England

Puritan belief in hard work Rapid growth and success of Massachusetts Bay Colony

Roger Williams’s dissenting beliefs

Founding of new colony based on his principles

Conflict with Native Americans, including Pequot War and King Philip’s War

Rapid colonial expansion in New England

Defeat of King Philip End of Native American power in southeastern New England

Section

Puritan New England3

Why did Puritan leaders view Anne Hutchinson as a threat to their society?

DRAWING CONCLUSIONS

Assessment33

• Puritan beliefs• characteristics of Puritan society• Hutchinson’s teachings

THINK ABOUT

HOME

SECTION

Section

Puritan New England3

Assessment3

Imagine you have been called upon to negotiate between the New England colonists and Native Americans. What would you tell each side about the other to help them overcome their misunderstandings?

INTERPRETING

• the views of the colonists and Native Americans on land and religion• the Pequot War and King Philip’s War

THINK ABOUT

HOME

SECTION

Settlement of the Middle Colonies4

Learn About

the settlement of New Netherland and Pennsylvania.

To Understand

how these settlements developed into thriving, diverse, and peaceful colonies.

HOME

SECTION

Settlement of the Middle Colonies4 HOME

SECTION

Key Idea

Different groups settle what will become the English middle colonies, establishing in the early years a region of marked diversity, tolerance, and peaceful relations with Native Americans.

Section

Settlement of the Middle Colonies4

Assessment4

How do the colonies of New Netherland and Pennsylvania compare?

SUMMARIZING

HOME

SECTION

NEW NETHERLAND•Founded by the Dutch•Built on fur trade

BOTH

•Attracted colonists from many ethnic groups•Practiced religious toleration•Became a proprietary colony•Established good relations with Native Americans

PENNSYLVANIA•Shaped by Quaker

ideals•Avoided a land-owning

aristocracy

Section

Settlement of the Middle Colonies4

Both New Netherland and Pennsylvania encouraged settlers to come from all over western Europe. Was this a good decision for these colonies?

EVALUATING DECISIONS

Assessment4

• the reasons each colony was founded• the need for each colony to attract settlers• growth and changes in the new colonies

THINK ABOUT

HOME

SECTION

Section

Settlement of the Middle Colonies4

Assessment4

How did William Penn succeed in achieving his goals for Pennsylvania, and how did he fail?

DRAWING CONCLUSIONS

• Penn’s “holy experiment”• Penn’s actions towards Native Americans• changes in Pennsylvania after its founding

THINK ABOUT

HOME

SECTION

Chapter 2 Assessment

1. How did Mexican culture develop out of both Spanish and Native American elements?

2. How did Native Americans react to Spanish efforts to establish colonies?

3. Explain how John Rolfe transformed the Virginia colony.

4. What conditions caused tension and warfare between settlers and Native Americans in Virginia?

5. What caused Bacon’s Rebellion?

HOME

Chapter 2 Assessment

6. Describe the role of religion in the lives of Puritans living in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

7. How were the experiences of Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson similar and different?

8. What caused conflicts between New England colonists and Native Americans?

9. Why did New Netherland develop a reputation for diversity?

10. How did Pennsylvania reflect William Penn’s Quaker ideals?

HOME