the attributive clause unit 5 grammar 1. but the one million people of the city, who thought little...
TRANSCRIPT
The Attributive Clause
Unit 5
Grammar
1. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night.
2. It was heard in Beijing, which is one hundred kilometers away.
3. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meter wide cut across houses, roads and canals.
4. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more then 400,000.
5. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
6. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
1. 在复句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
2. 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。3. 引导定语从句的连词叫关系代词或关系副词。关系代词：
who,whom,whose,that,which, as关系副词： when,where,why如果先行词是指人，用 who,whom,whose,
that 引导定语从句。如果先行词是指物，用that,which,whose 引导。
Which baby is Jack?
穿红裤子的 baby 是 Jack。The baby is Jack.
The baby is Jack.
who is wearing red trousers
the handsomethe tallthe strong the cleverthe naughty
boy
The boy is Tom.The boy who is handsome is Tom.
The boy who is tall is Tom.
The boy who is strong is Tom
The boy who is clever is Tom
The boy who is naughty is Tom.
The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.
The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.
The boy who is smiling is Tom. ( 主语 )
The boy who has a round face is Tom.
The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.
The man who sits in front of me is Tom.
The man is kind. Everyone likes him.
The man (who) everyone likes is kind. ( 宾语 )
The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.
The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job.
The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday.
The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.
The boy is in the lab. You want to talk to him.
The boy (whom) you want to talk to is in the lab.
The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab.
This is the boy. I sit behind him.
This is the boy (whom) I sit behind.
This is the boy behind whom I sit.
Which boy do you
like better?
apple
the redthe greenthe smallthe big
The apple which/that is red is mine.
The apple which/that is green is yours.
The apple which/that is red is small
The apple which/that is green is big.
关系代词 : 1. who 指人 , 作主语或宾语 ( 作宾语可省略）The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom 指人 , 作宾语 ( 作宾语可省略 ,如介词提前则不能省 )
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat. The goat is eating her flowers.
Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which/that is eating her flowers.
Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night.
Can you lend me the book (which/that) you talked about last night.Can you lend me the book about which you talked last night?
Do you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.
Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now?
Do you find the pen (which/that) I wrote with just now?
3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 ( 作宾语可省略 , 如介词提前则不能省 )
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder （ which ） he is using ismade in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrowbooks?
that 指人 / 物，作主语或宾语 ( 作宾语可省略）
A plane is a machine. It can fly.
A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him.
He is the man (that/who/whom) I told you about.
He is the man (that) I told you about.
注意：介词提前时只能用 which 而不能用 that 。
4. that 指人 / 物，作主语或宾语 ( 作宾语可省略）A plane is a machine that can fly.
Is this the library from which you borrow books? from that
that 和 which 在指物的情况下一般都可以互换 , 但在下列情况下 , 一般用 that 而不用 which 。
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
This is the first book (that) he has read.
This is the very book that belongs to him.
(1) 先行词为 all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。
(2) 先行词被 all, every, no, some, any, little, much 等 修饰时。
(3) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。
(4) 先行词被 the only, the very, the same 修饰时。
在下列情况下只用 which, 不用 that 。1 ，引导非限定性定语从句。2 ，直接作介词的宾语。3 ，避免与 that 重复。Here he worked on a short film,
which won him a job as the youngest film director in the world.
Many people were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.
whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。 whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which互换使用。 Whose 用来代替 his ， her ，their ， its.This is the book whose cover is blue.
This is the book of which the cover is blue.
Do you know the girl whose father died in Iraq
2. 如何选择关系代词 ? who ,whom, whose, which, that
口诀 : 前看先行词 , 辩清人或物
后看从句里 , 有无主宾语指人的关系代词： that/who whom whose指物的关系代词： that/which whose
在从句中作主语 , 宾语
在从句中作定语在从句中作宾语
在从句中作主语 , 宾语在从句中作定语
1. Spielberg,_ _______ mother was a teacher, was born in a small town.
2. This was a film_ __________ Spielberg used real actors instead of toys.
3. The reason______________ he could not go there was that his grades was too low.
4. This was the moment ______________ Spielberg’s career really took off.
5. Jurassic Park,______Spielberg made in 1993, is about a park______a man keeps different kinds of dinosaurs.
6. ET is about a young boy ____________makes friends with a small creature from outer space.
The Attributive Clausewhose
in which/where
why / for which
when / at which
which
where
who/ that
7.He told everything ________he had seen in the traffic accident.
8.This was the best model of the TV set_________ the factory produced last year.
9.Alice,_______dress is all red, looks very pretty.
10.The first thing ________I am going to do this evening is to write a report about the experiment.
11. It was heard in Beijing, ______ is one hundred kilometers away.12. Workers built shelters for survivors ______ homes had been destroyed.
that
that
whose
that
which
whose
13.Yesterday I met doctor Wang _____ told me the good news of his son's passing the examination.
14.The two pupils_______________you taught three
yeas ago have become teachers.
15.He began to work in Beijing in the year_________
New China was founded.
16.I don't know the reason______ she did n't agree to our plan.
17.This is a soldier________ died in the war of
Resistance
Who/that
Who / that / whom
when
why
Who/that
When 引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的名词，并在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词 + 关系代词（ which）”。
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the league.
on which(=on the day)
=We still remembered the days when we travelled together. = in which(=in the days)
The time ______ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.
when
1. I’ll never forget the days ______ we spent together on the farm.
A. when B. which C. where D. in which
2. I’ll never forget the days ______ we studied together.
A. when B. which C. where D. in which
• 口诀 : 前看先行词 , 辩清人或物 • 后看从句里 , 有无主宾语
B
A
where 引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的名词，并在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词 + 关系代词（ which）”。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
in which(=in the house)
=
Harvard is a world-famous university. There Wang An got his Doctor’s degree
Harvard is a world-famous university whereWang An got his Doctor degree.
The place _________ we visited yesterday is a school for disabled children.
Which/that
Why 引导的定语从句修饰 “ reason” ，并在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词 for+ 关系代词（ which）”。
Do you know the reason why she was late.
for which(=for the reason)
=I don’t believe the reason _________ you gave me (that, which)
