the basics of automotive ethernet webinar slidedeck
TRANSCRIPT
Webinar: The Fundamentals of Automotive Ethernet
1
Robert Mart, Product Line [email protected]
5/24/2017
We will start promptly at 2PM EDT
Teledyne LeCroy Overviewo LeCroy founded in 1964 by Walter LeCroy o Origins are high speed digitizers for particle physics
researcho Teledyne LeCroy corporate headquarters is located in
Chestnut Ridge, NYo Teledyne LeCroy has the most advanced technology and
widest line of Real-Time digital oscilloscopes (from 40 MHz to 100 GHz)
o Long History of Innovation in Digital Oscilloscopeso Teledyne LeCroy became the world leader in protocol
analysis with the purchase of CATC and Catalyst, and creating a protocol analyzer division based in Santa Clara, CA.
o In August 2012, LeCroy was acquired by Teledyne Technologies and was renamed Teledyne LeCroy
o In April 2016 we acquired Frontline Test Equipment and Quantum Data to add wireless and video to our protocol analyzer portfolio
o In October 2016 we opened up the Automotive Technology Center in Farmington Hills, MI to help with connected car development
Automotive Technology Center
Teledyne LeCroy Eases Connected Car Development with Automotive Technology Center in Detroit
From testing wired inter-system networks including CAN Bus, CAN FD and FlexRay to troubleshooting wireless IoT networks using Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and NFC technologies to debugging issues with wired protocols like USB, Ethernet and HDMI, the Automotive Solutions Group offers assistance with root cause and protocol analysis.
Seminars are held weekly at the center and vary in topics
teledynelecroy.com/automotive
About the PresenterBob MartProduct Line Manager, Teledyne [email protected]
• BS in Bioengineering from Binghamton University• Joined our team in 2011• Product Line Manager focused on Mid-range Oscilloscopes and
Automotive Applications
Bob MartProduct Line Manager
Automotive Ethernet WebinarBasics of Automotive Ethernet
Upcoming Events: teledynelecroy.com/events
Automotive Ethernet Webinar: Physical Layer Compliance TestingOnline
Live Seminar: Automotive Ethernet DayBasics Of Automotive Ethernet and Physical Compliance Farmington Hills, MI
Live Seminar: Automotive Ethernet DayBasics Of Automotive Ethernet and Physical Compliance Santa Clara, CA
Agenda - Basics of Automotive Ethernet
What is Automotive Ethernet?
History and Evolution of Automotive Ethernet
Overview of the OPEN Alliance
What are the testing requirements?
5/24/2017 3
Basics of Automotive EthernetWhat is Automotive Ethernet?
Defining Automotive Ethernet
Can refer to any Ethernet-based network for in-vehicle electrical systems
Enables faster data communication to meet rising demand
Specifically tailored to meet the needs of automotive industry
5/24/2017 5
BroadR-Reach
Automotive Ethernet
100Base-T1 1000Base-T1
OABR (OPEN Alliance BroadR-Reach)
RTPGE(Reduced Twisted
Pair Gigabit Ethernet)
Industry Trends & Challenges
Substantial increase in prevalence of in-vehicle electronics Nearly doubled over the last decade
Growing in volume and complexity Substantial increase in cameras, diagnostics, ADAS, infotainment, etc. In-dash display consoles evolving to computerized nerve centers
Bandwidth challenges More data requires higher transmission rates
5/24/2017 6
Source: Broadcom
Industry Trends & Challenges (continued)
Compatibility and need for open architecture In-vehicle networks must be scalable, support multiple systems and devices
Auto makers value the time it takes to get to market
Cable limitations Auto makers seeking less costly forms of wiring
Industry standards In-vehicle technologies must meet strict regulations
Reliability, temperatures, minimal power consumption
75/24/2017
Source: Broadcom
Why Not Just Use 100/1000Base-T?
“Standard Ethernet” had limited use in automotive environments
Optimized for enterprise, business, and consumer applications 100meter reach 4-pair per port Structured
Cabling (Cat 5, 5e)
EMC performance unspecified Plug/unplug to different link
partners
5/24/2017 8
Automotive Challenges Drove Specific Requirements
Harsh environmental conditions Temperature
Body: -40°C to 85°C Chassis and Powertrain: -40°C to 125°C
Mechanical – acceleration up to 4G in body and cabin
Stringent EMC requirements Cost and weight constraints
Very low standby power requirements
5/24/2017 9
What is BroadR-Reach?
Leverages standard Ethernet technology designed for automotive applications
100 Mb/s Ethernet over unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cabling up to 15m 40m reach over shielded
twisted pair
Pioneered by Broadcom
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BroadR-Reach is a Hybrid of 1000Base-T and 100Base-Tx 1000Base-T (Gigabit Ethernet)
PAM-5, 125 MSps, 65-80 MHz Full Duplex Four twisted pairs
100Base-T 3 level, 125 MSps, 65-80 MHz Half duplex Two twisted pairs
BroadR-Reach 3 level, 66.67 MSps, 33.33MHz Full Duplex Single twisted pair
5/24/2017 11
Source: BroadR-Reach Spec Figure 1-1
BroadR-Reach/100Base-T1 Employs PAM-3 Signaling
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+1
0
-1
What are the benefits of Automotive Ethernet? Higher bandwidth
LIN: 19.2 Kbps CAN FD: 15 Mbps FlexRay: 10 Mbps MOST: 25, 50, 150 Mbps (shared)
Low-cost cabling solution (unshielded) Reduces cable weight by ~30% and connectivity cost by ~80%*
Engineered to meet stringent EMC/EMI and temperature grade automotive requirements
Software interfaces on upper layers of Ethernet stack is pre-existing
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*Source: Broadcom
Comparing Automotive Ethernet and MOST
Key difference is the higher performance of a switched network compared with shared network bandwidth (Ring)
Dedicated 100Mb
1Gbuplink
8-port 100Mbps Switch BW = 800Mbps Max 150Mbps Shared
145/24/2017
Source: Broadcom
BroadR-Reach Configuration
155/24/2017
BroadR-Reach in Automotive Applications: ADAS
ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems)
Passive vs Active Passive: provide driver with an alert or notification
Lane departure warning, back up camera Active: connected to actuators and can take control of vehicle
Lane departure assist, automated emergency breaking
100 Mb/s BroadR-Reach is better suited for passive ADAS applications
Active needs lossless video so algorithms can do image recognition
5/24/2017 16
BroadR-Reach in Automotive Applications: Infotainment
More cost effective than MOST (Media Oriented Systems Transport ) or LVDS (low-voltage differential signaling) Savings on cabling cost, weight, and thickness
LVDS was used with analog camera connected over coaxial cables
As they move to digital cameras, BroadR-Reach is less costly
5/24/2017 17
Defining Automotive Ethernet
Can refer to any Ethernet-based network for in-vehicle electrical systems
Enables faster data communication to meet rising demand
Specifically tailored to meet the needs of automotive industry
5/24/2017 18
BroadR-Reach
Automotive Ethernet
100Base-T1 1000Base-T1
OABR (OPEN Alliance BroadR-Reach)
RTPGE(Reduced Twisted
Pair Gigabit Ethernet)
What is 100Base-T1? IEEE 802.3bw Physical Layer Specifications and Management Parameters for 100
Mb/s Operation over a Single Balanced Twisted Pair Cable (100Base-T1)
IEEE specification for 100 Mb/s Automotive Ethernet Interoperable with OPEN Alliance BroadR-Reach Same RAND terms apply
Nearly the same thing as BroadR-Reach Often times names are used interchangeably Few exceptions
Electrical PMA has a Transmit Peak Differential Output Changes in the protocol timing for wake up commands
Why create a new spec? Driven by other applications: industrial automation and avionics
5/24/2017 19
Basics of Automotive EthernetHistory and Evolution
2008 – 100Base-T First Used for Automotive
BMW has had cars on the market supporting Ethernet
Primarily used in on board diagnostics (OBD) Speed up data transfer time
Just the tip of the iceberg
5/24/2017 21
November 2011 – OPEN Alliance was founded
Founded by BMW, Broadcom, Freescale, Harman, Hyundai, NXP and STMicro
Set the stage for public release of the BroadR-Reach spec
Important to have unified voice to handle spec development, marketing, etc.
5/24/2017 22
December 2011 – Broadcom Publically Introduced BroadR-Reach
Paved the way rapid expansion of Automotive Ethernet
Turned spec over to OPEN Alliance
License to the spec is available to OPEN Alliance members
5/24/2017 23
January 2012 – LeCroy Launches 1st BroadR-Reach Test Package
Developed with Broadcom and demonstrated with Broadcom at CES
When Broadcom had it’s public announcement they wanted to have a test solution Approached LeCroy
Industry’s first BroadR-Reach test package QualiPHY Broad-Reach
5/24/2017 24
February 2012 – LeCroy joins OPEN Alliance
First T&M vendor to join the OPEN Alliance
At the time there was around 30 members, now over 340
Active participant on Technical Committee calls Make recommendations on test procedures Define test equipment requirements Attend industry events
We’re the experts so you don’t have to be
5/24/2017 25
2014-2015 – First Vehicle debuts with BroadR-Reach
2014 & 2015 BMW X5 360° surround camera views
2015 Jaguar Land Rover XJ Used in infotainment network
2015 Volkswagen Passat Parking assist Moving to mass-market cars
5/24/2017 26
March 2016 – IEEE Releases 100Base-T1
IEEE 802.3 standardized 100Base-T1 in IEE802.3bw-2015 Clause 96
Nearly the same thing as BroadR-Reach
Exists in same ecosystem as other Ethernet specs Allows other industries to
leverage it
5/24/2017 27
November 2016 – 100Base-T1 UNH Plugfest
First ever industry plugfest 4 Test vendors and 2 test labs 6 PHY vendors
Organized by TC1
Goal was to correlate test methodologies among test vendors
First time distortion was tested without TX_TCLK
5/24/2017 28
What to Expect in the Near Future (1-2 years)?
Automotive Ethernet continues to increase in popularity in Automotive and other industries
1000Base-T1 (IEEE 802.3bp) – Gigabit Automotive Ethernet Standard has been completed Products from chip vendors will start to appear in the second half of 2017 Will allow Automotive Ethernet to serve as the network backbone
Automotive Ethernet over POF (Plastic Optical Fiber) Gigabit POF is currently being standardized Targeted for other applications with longer reach
Home and industrial
5/24/2017 29
What to Expect in the Future (~5 years)?
10 Mb/s Provides data rates similar to CAN FD but will be more cost and energy
efficient than 100 Mb/s Will only make sense if it is cost competitive
MGBase-T1 (2.5 G and 5 G) Based off of 2.5GBase-T and 5GBase-T, which are based off of 10GBase-T 100M is fine for streaming video but not enough for processing
5/24/2017 30
Basics of Automotive EthernetOPEN Alliance
OPEN Alliance Special Interest Group (SIG)
OPEN: One-Pair Ether-Net
www.opensig.org
Founded in December 2011 LeCroy joined in February of
2012
Over 340 members
Free to join
5/24/2017 32
Goals of OPEN Alliance
Formed to drive next generation in-vehicle networking
Establishes Industry Standard for Automotive Ethernet Connectivity
Encourages open standards and joint-development
Defined all characteristics of BroadR-Reach and 100Base-T1 Has shifted to enabling 1000BASE-T1
5/24/2017 34
OPEN Alliance Structure
5/24/2017 35
TC1 – BroadR-Reach 100Mpbs Spec
TC8 – ECU Conformance Testing
TC9 – 1000BaseT-1 Channel and Components
Other cover Sleep/Wake-up, Switches, ECUs, and more
There are 12 Technical Committees (TC)
TCs define the specs as a group
Started out with 5 TCs and has expanded as new needs arose
As a member you can be involved as much or as little as you want
Upcoming Industry Events
IEEE-SA Ethernet & IP Automotive Technology Day
Will be held in San JoseNovember 1st - 2nd 2017
http://standards.ieee.org/events/automotive/
5/24/2017 36
Automotive Ethernet Congress
Will be held in Munich January 29th- February 1st 2018
OPEN Alliance face-to-face meeting held on February 2nd
http://www.automotive-ethernet-congress.de/home.html
Basics of Automotive EthernetTest Requirements
Categories of Automotive Ethernet Testing
Electrical Signaling: Physical Media Attachment (PMA) Determine if product conforms to electrical transmitter and receiver
specifications
Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) & PHY Control Evaluates functionality of the protocol
PCS transmit/receive State diagrams Encoding/decoding Scrambling/descrambling
There are recommendations for other elements Common Mode Choke (CMC), EMC, Communication Channel, ECU, switches
5/24/2017 38
What is Compliance Testing in the Context of Automotive Ethernet?
The 100Base-T1 spec includes requirements for PMA, PCS, and PHY Control
IEEE does not write test specifications UNH has traditionally written test documents which describe how tests can
be performed
It is up to the OEM, PHY Vendor, Tier 1, etc. to work with a test equipment manufacturer or test house to perform testing
5/24/2017 39
Why is PHY Compliance Important?
OEMs have a lengthy development cycle for an ECU Need assurance that PHY chip meets requirements prior to implementation
Once the PHY chip has been incorporated into the ECU it should also be tested – testing is not just for PHY vendors This may be full compliance testing or a subset of compliance tests
Compliance to 100BASE-T1 does not guarantee interoperability Transmitter requirements are well defined, the receiver is left up to the
implementer
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7 Differential Electrical Physical Layer Compliance Tests
BroadR-Reach & 100Base-T1 Maximum Transmitter Output Droop Transmitter Clock Frequency Transmitter Timing Master Jitter Transmitter Timing Slave Jitter Transmitter Distortion Transmitter Power Spectral Density (PSD)
100Base-T1 Only Transmitter Peak Differential Output
5/24/2017 41
Test Equipment Requirements
1 GHz Oscilloscope with at least 2 GS/s sample rate We recommend 10 GS/s
Oscilloscope with Spectral Analysis capability or Spectrum Analyzer
Disturbing Sine Wave Generator 5.4 Vpk-pk at 11.11 MHz 2 BNC cables 2 BNC-SMA adapters
5/24/2017 42
Ethernet Test Fixture 2 SMA cables 2 SMA-BNC Adapters
1 GHz Differential Probe
Short Automotive Cable
Vector Network Analyzer For return loss and common
mode
Upcoming Events: teledynelecroy.com/events
Automotive Ethernet Webinar: Physical Layer Compliance TestingOnline
Live Seminar: Automotive Ethernet DayBasics Of Automotive Ethernet and Physical Compliance Farmington Hills, MI
Live Seminar: Automotive Ethernet DayBasics Of Automotive Ethernet and Physical Compliance Santa Clara, CA