the burmese journal (november-2012)

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jrefrmjynfom;pmapmif

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Edk0ifbmv 2012

twGJ 11- trSwf 1twGJ 11- trSwf 1twGJ 11- trSwf 1twGJ 11- trSwf 1twGJ 11- trSwf 1 Vol 11, No.1 Nov, 2012 Edk0ifbmv 2012Edk0ifbmv 2012Edk0ifbmv 2012Edk0ifbmv 2012Edk0ifbmv 2012

pmrsufESm (24)od k @pmrsufESm (24)od k @pmrsufESm (24)od k @pmrsufESm (24)od k @pmrsufESm (24)od k @

pmrsufESm- 6 odk @pmrsufESm- 6 odk @pmrsufESm- 6 odk @pmrsufESm- 6 odk @pmrsufESm- 6 odk @

pmrsufESm- 4 rS 6 odk@pmrsufESm- 4 rS 6 odk@pmrsufESm- 4 rS 6 odk@pmrsufESm- 4 rS 6 odk@pmrsufESm- 4 rS 6 odk@

umwGef;

Established by since August, 2005 pmrsufESm- 20- 21 odk @pmrsufESm- 20- 21 odk @pmrsufESm- 20- 21 odk @pmrsufESm- 20- 21 odk @pmrsufESm- 20- 21 odk @

pmrsufESm-20 od k @pmrsufESm-20 od k @pmrsufESm-20 od k @pmrsufESm-20 od k @pmrsufESm-20 od k @

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(E d k0i fbmv 7&uf/ 2012/(E d k0i fbmv 7&uf/ 2012/(E d k0i fbmv 7&uf/ 2012/(E d k0i fbmv 7&uf/ 2012/(E d k0i fbmv 7&uf/ 2012/VOA)))))

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tcs de fr Sm tqH k ;owfoGm;c J hwJ h tar&dueforRwa&G;aumufy G J aemufqH k ;tajctaeud ktcs de fr Sm tqH k ;owfoGm;c J hwJ h tar&dueforRwa&G;aumufy G J aemufqH k ;tajctaeud ktcs de fr Sm tqH k ;owfoGm;c J hwJ h tar&dueforRwa&G;aumufy G J aemufqH k ;tajctaeud ktcs de fr Sm tqH k ;owfoGm;c J hwJ h tar&dueforRwa&G;aumufy G J aemufqH k ;tajctaeud ktcs de fr Sm tqH k ;owfoGm;c J hwJ h tar&dueforRwa&G;aumufy G J aemufqH k ;tajctaeud kADGtdkatowif;axmufADGtdkatowif;axmufADGtdkatowif;axmufADGtdkatowif;axmufADGtdkatowif;axmuf Kent Klein uuuuu

(Ed k0ifbmv 7 &uf/ 2012/(Ed k0ifbmv 7 &uf/ 2012/(Ed k0ifbmv 7 &uf/ 2012/(Ed k0ifbmv 7 &uf/ 2012/(Ed k0ifbmv 7 &uf/ 2012/ DVB)))))tar&duefjynfaxmifpk orRw aG;aumuftar&duefjynfaxmifpk orRw aG;aumuftar&duefjynfaxmifpk orRw aG;aumuftar&duefjynfaxmifpk orRw aG;aumuftar&duefjynfaxmifpk orRw aG;aumuf

yGJrSm vufSd orRw tdkbm;rm; tekdif&SdoGm;wm[myGJrSm vufSd orRw tdkbm;rm; tekdif&SdoGm;wm[myGJrSm vufSd orRw tdkbm;rm; tekdif&SdoGm;wm[myGJrSm vufSd orRw tdkbm;rm; tekdif&SdoGm;wm[myGJrSm vufSd orRw tdkbm;rm; tekdif&SdoGm;wm[mjrefrmekdifiH&J@ vufSd vkyfaqmifaewJh tajymif;tvJjrefrmekdifiH&J@ vufSd vkyfaqmifaewJh tajymif;tvJjrefrmekdifiH&J@ vufSd vkyfaqmifaewJh tajymif;tvJjrefrmekdifiH&J@ vufSd vkyfaqmifaewJh tajymif;tvJjrefrmekdifiH&J@ vufSd vkyfaqmifaewJh tajymif;tvJudk taxmuftyHh jzpfapr,fvdk@ ek difiHa&;orm;awG/udk taxmuftyHh jzpfapr,fvdk@ ek difiHa&;orm;awG/udk taxmuftyHh jzpfapr,fvdk@ ek difiHa&;orm;awG/udk taxmuftyHh jzpfapr,fvdk@ ek difiHa&;orm;awG/udk taxmuftyHh jzpfapr,fvdk@ ek difiHa&;orm;awG/owif;pmq&mawGeJ @ wd ki f;&if;om; ud k,fpm;vS,fowif;pmq&mawGeJ @ wd ki f;&if;om; ud k,fpm;vS,fowif;pmq&mawGeJ @ wd ki f;&if;om; ud k,fpm;vS,fowif;pmq&mawGeJ @ wd ki f;&if;om; ud k,fpm;vS,fowif;pmq&mawGeJ @ wd ki f;&if;om; ud k,fpm;vS,fawGu ajymygw,f? jyefvnfaG;cs,fcH&onfh tar&dawGu ajymygw,f? jyefvnfaG;cs,fcH&onfh tar&dawGu ajymygw,f? jyefvnfaG;cs,fcH&onfh tar&dawGu ajymygw,f? jyefvnfaG;cs,fcH&onfh tar&dawGu ajymygw,f? jyefvnfaG;cs,fcH&onfh tar&dueforRw tkdbm;rm; ("mwfyH k- &d kufwm)ueforRw tkdbm;rm; ("mwfyH k- &d kufwm)ueforRw tkdbm;rm; ("mwfyH k- &d kufwm)ueforRw tkdbm;rm; ("mwfyH k- &d kufwm)ueforRw tkdbm;rm; ("mwfyH k- &d kufwm)

tdkbm;rm;tekdif&Sdr_ jrefrmtay: oufa&mufr_Sdrnf[kqkdtdkbm;rm;tekdif&Sdr_ jrefrmtay: oufa&mufr_Sdrnf[kqkdtdkbm;rm;tekdif&Sdr_ jrefrmtay: oufa&mufr_Sdrnf[kqkdtdkbm;rm;tekdif&Sdr_ jrefrmtay: oufa&mufr_Sdrnf[kqkdtdkbm;rm;tekdif&Sdr_ jrefrmtay: oufa&mufr_Sdrnf[kqkd

0g&ifhowif;pm q&m}uD; OD;0if;wifu tajymif; tvJvkyfw,fqdk+yD; ppfwyfuvnf; ajymif;wJh0g&ifhowif;pm q&m}uD; OD;0if;wifu tajymif; tvJvkyfw,fqdk+yD; ppfwyfuvnf; ajymif;wJh0g&ifhowif;pm q&m}uD; OD;0if;wifu tajymif; tvJvkyfw,fqdk+yD; ppfwyfuvnf; ajymif;wJh0g&ifhowif;pm q&m}uD; OD;0if;wifu tajymif; tvJvkyfw,fqdk+yD; ppfwyfuvnf; ajymif;wJh0g&ifhowif;pm q&m}uD; OD;0if;wifu tajymif; tvJvkyfw,fqdk+yD; ppfwyfuvnf; ajymif;wJhy H kay:vmw,fayg h? ppfwyfajymif;vJr_ ay:rlwnf+yD;awmh teft,fvf'Dr Smvnf; 'Dr k dua&pDyH kay:vmw,fayg h? ppfwyfajymif;vJr_ ay:rlwnf+yD;awmh teft,fvf'Dr Smvnf; 'Dr k dua&pDyH kay:vmw,fayg h? ppfwyfajymif;vJr_ ay:rlwnf+yD;awmh teft,fvf'Dr Smvnf; 'Dr k dua&pDyH kay:vmw,fayg h? ppfwyfajymif;vJr_ ay:rlwnf+yD;awmh teft,fvf'Dr Smvnf; 'Dr k dua&pDyH kay:vmw,fayg h? ppfwyfajymif;vJr_ ay:rlwnf+yD;awmh teft,fvf'Dr Smvnf; 'Dr k dua&pDtvm;tvmawG yk dyGif hvif;vmwJh oabmrSm S dw,f? jrefrmjynf ek difiHa&; tajymif;tvJvdk htvm;tvmawG yk dyGif hvif;vmwJh oabmrSm S dw,f? jrefrmjynf ek difiHa&; tajymif;tvJvdk htvm;tvmawG yk dyGif hvif;vmwJh oabmrSm S dw,f? jrefrmjynf ek difiHa&; tajymif;tvJvdk htvm;tvmawG yk dyGif hvif;vmwJh oabmrSm S dw,f? jrefrmjynf ek difiHa&; tajymif;tvJvdk htvm;tvmawG yk dyGif hvif;vmwJh oabmrSm S dw,f? jrefrmjynf ek difiHa&; tajymif;tvJvdk hppftpd k;&u a=uG;a=umfvmonfh enf;wl rajymif;vJvd k @ r&awmhbl;? vkyfud kvkyf&awmhr,fhppftpd k;&u a=uG;a=umfvmonfh enf;wl rajymif;vJvd k @ r&awmhbl;? vkyfud kvkyf&awmhr,fhppftpd k;&u a=uG;a=umfvmonfh enf;wl rajymif;vJvd k @ r&awmhbl;? vkyfud kvkyf&awmhr,fhppftpd k;&u a=uG;a=umfvmonfh enf;wl rajymif;vJvd k @ r&awmhbl;? vkyfud kvkyf&awmhr,fhppftpd k;&u a=uG;a=umfvmonfh enf;wl rajymif;vJvd k @ r&awmhbl;? vkyfud kvkyf&awmhr,fhtaetxm;awGvnf; trsm; }uD;Sdw,f? pD;yGm;a&;/ jynfwGif;+idrf;c srf;a&;udpPawG/ vl@tcGifhttaetxm;awGvnf; trsm; }uD;Sdw,f? pD;yGm;a&;/ jynfwGif;+idrf;c srf;a&;udpPawG/ vl@tcGifhttaetxm;awGvnf; trsm; }uD;Sdw,f? pD;yGm;a&;/ jynfwGif;+idrf;c srf;a&;udpPawG/ vl@tcGifhttaetxm;awGvnf; trsm; }uD;Sdw,f? pD;yGm;a&;/ jynfwGif;+idrf;c srf;a&;udpPawG/ vl@tcGifhttaetxm;awGvnf; trsm; }uD;Sdw,f? pD;yGm;a&;/ jynfwGif;+idrf;csrf;a&;udpPawG/ vl@tcGifhta&; udpPawGrSm=unhf=unfh tajymif;tvJvkyfvm&r,fh taetxm;awGS dvmw,f? +yD;cJ hwJ ha&; udpPawGrSm=unhf=unfh tajymif;tvJvkyfvm&r,fh taetxm;awGS dvmw,f? +yD;cJ hwJ ha&; udpPawGrSm=unhf=unfh tajymif;tvJvkyfvm&r,fh taetxm;awGS dvmw,f? +yD;cJ hwJ ha&; udpPawGrSm=unhf=unfh tajymif;tvJvkyfvm&r,fh taetxm;awGS dvmw,f? +yD;cJ hwJ ha&; udpPawGrSm=unhf=unfh tajymif;tvJvkyfvm&r,fh taetxm;awGS dvmw,f? +yD;cJ hwJ h4 eSpfwavSsmufvHk;rSm tdkbm;rm;wdk @ 'Drd ku&ufwpfygwDuyJ trsm;}uD; ulnDcJ hwmqdkawmh4 eSpfwavSsmufvHk;rSm tdkbm;rm;wdk @ 'Drd ku&ufwpfygwDuyJ trsm;}uD; ulnDcJ hwmqdkawmh4 eSpfwavSsmufvHk;rSm tdkbm;rm;wdk @ 'Drd ku&ufwpfygwDuyJ trsm;}uD; ulnDcJ hwmqdkawmh4 eSpfwavSsmufvHk;rSm tdkbm;rm;wdk @ 'Drd ku&ufwpfygwDuyJ trsm;}uD; ulnDcJ hwmqdkawmh4 eSpfwavSsmufvHk;rSm tdkbm;rm;wdk @ 'Drd ku&ufwpfygwDuyJ trsm;}uD; ulnDcJ hwmqdkawmhtdkbm;rm;wdk@ qufek difvkdufawmh olwdk@ek difiHa&;tajctaeuvnf; yd k+yD;wnf+idrf awmifhwif;tdkbm;rm;wdk@ qufek difvkdufawmh olwdk@ek difiHa&;tajctaeuvnf; yd k+yD;wnf+idrf awmifhwif;tdkbm;rm;wdk@ qufek difvkdufawmh olwdk@ek difiHa&;tajctaeuvnf; yd k+yD;wnf+idrf awmifhwif;tdkbm;rm;wdk@ qufek difvkdufawmh olwdk@ek difiHa&;tajctaeuvnf; yd k+yD;wnf+idrf awmifhwif;tdkbm;rm;wdk@ qufek difvkdufawmh olwdk@ek difiHa&;tajctaeuvnf; yd k+yD;wnf+idrf awmifhwif;ck di frmvmr,f?ck di frmvmr,f?ck di frmvmr,f?ck di frmvmr,f?ck di frmvmr,f?


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jrefrmjynfom;pmapmif Edk0ifbmv 2012

jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wG Jv_yf&Sm;r_aumfrwDjrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wG Jv_yf&Sm;r_aumfrwDjrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wG Jv_yf&Sm;r_aumfrwDjrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wG Jv_yf&Sm;r_aumfrwDjrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wG Jv_yf&Sm;r_aumfrwD (JACBA)rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf?rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf?rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf?rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf?rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf?

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pmrsufESm (2)

*** jynfolryg t&m&m bmqdkbmrS r_yD;ekdifyg?????

*** jynfolonfom tc&m t&m&mudk ajymif;vJekdifonf?????***cGeftm;r#a0 'dk hwawGonf rvGJraoG/ jynfolawGtwGuf?????

xd ki f ;E d ki fi Ha&muf jre frma&$ @a jymi f ;tvky form;rsm;E Si f h ,if ;wd k @. r dom;p k0i f uav;rsm;onfxd ki f ;E d ki fi Ha&muf jre frma&$ @a jymi f ;tvky form;rsm;E Si f h ,if ;wd k @. r dom;p k0i f uav;rsm;onfxd ki f ;E d ki fi Ha&muf jre frma&$ @a jymi f ;tvky form;rsm;E Si f h ,if ;wd k @. r dom;p k0i f uav;rsm;onfxd ki f ;E d ki fi Ha&muf jre frma&$ @a jymi f ;tvky form;rsm;E Si f h ,if ;wd k @. r dom;p k0i f uav;rsm;onfxd ki f ;E d ki fi Ha&muf jre frma&$ @a jymi f ;tvky form;rsm;E Si f h ,if ;wd k @. r dom;p k0i f uav;rsm;onfESpfaygif;rsm;pGmuyif jrefrmEdkifiH tpdk;&tqufquf. rsufuG,fjyK/ vpfvsL&_jcif;udk cH=u&ayonf? odk@aomf orRwESpfaygif;rsm;pGmuyif jrefrmEdkifiH tpdk;&tqufquf. rsufuG,fjyK/ vpfvsL&_jcif;udk cH=u&ayonf? odk@aomf orRwESpfaygif;rsm;pGmuyif jrefrmEdkifiH tpdk;&tqufquf. rsufuG,fjyK/ vpfvsL&_jcif;udk cH=u&ayonf? odk@aomf orRwESpfaygif;rsm;pGmuyif jrefrmEdkifiH tpdk;&tqufquf. rsufuG,fjyK/ vpfvsL&_jcif;udk cH=u&ayonf? odk@aomf orRwESpfaygif;rsm;pGmuyif jrefrmEdkifiH tpdk;&tqufquf. rsufuG,fjyK/ vpfvsL&_jcif;udk cH=u&ayonf? odk@aomf orRwOD;ode f;p de f. vwfwavm umv tajymif;tvJrsm; =um;wGi f jre frmEd ki fi H. jyifywGi f tvkyf =urf;tygt0ifO D ;ode f;p de f. vwfwavm umv tajymif;tvJrsm; =um;wGi f jre frmEd ki fi H. jyifywGi f tvkyf =urf;tygt0ifO D ;ode f;p de f. vwfwavm umv tajymif;tvJrsm; =um;wGi f jre frmEd ki fi H. jyifywGi f tvkyf =urf;tygt0ifO D ;ode f;p de f. vwfwavm umv tajymif;tvJrsm; =um;wGi f jre frmEd ki fi H. jyifywGi f tvkyf =urf;tygt0ifO D ;ode f;p de f. vwfwavm umv tajymif;tvJrsm; =um;wGi f jre frmEd ki fi H. jyifywGi f tvkyf =urf;tygt0iftvkyfrs K d ;p H kwd k @ud k vkyfud ki fae=u&aom jrefrma&$@ajymif;tvkyform;wd k @. ta&;t&mudpPwd k @ud k ,cifuuJhod k @tvkyfrs K d ;p H kwd k @ud k vkyfud ki fae=u&aom jrefrma&$@ajymif;tvkyform;wd k @. ta&;t&mudpPwd k @ud k ,cifuuJhod k @tvkyfrs K d ;p H kwd k @ud k vkyfud ki fae=u&aom jrefrma&$@ajymif;tvkyform;wd k @. ta&;t&mudpPwd k @ud k ,cifuuJhod k @tvkyfrs K d ;p H kwd k @ud k vkyfud ki fae=u&aom jrefrma&$@ajymif;tvkyform;wd k @. ta&;t&mudpPwd k @ud k ,cifuuJhod k @tvkyfrs K d ;p H kwd k @ud k vkyfud ki fae=u&aom jrefrma&$@ajymif;tvkyform;wd k @. ta&;t&mudpPwd k @ud k ,cifuuJhod k @vpfvsL&_raeawmhyJ tawmftwef &yfwnf aqmif&Gufay;r_rsm; wpwp &SdvmcJhygonf? txl;ojzifh jrefrmEdkifiHrSvpfvsL&_raeawmhyJ tawmftwef &yfwnf aqmif&Gufay;r_rsm; wpwp &SdvmcJhygonf? txl;ojzifh jrefrmEdkifiHrSvpfvsL&_raeawmhyJ tawmftwef &yfwnf aqmif&Gufay;r_rsm; wpwp &SdvmcJhygonf? txl;ojzifh jrefrmEdkifiHrSvpfvsL&_raeawmhyJ tawmftwef &yfwnf aqmif&Gufay;r_rsm; wpwp &SdvmcJhygonf? txl;ojzifh jrefrmEdkifiHrSvpfvsL&_raeawmhyJ tawmftwef &yfwnf aqmif&Gufay;r_rsm; wpwp &SdvmcJhygonf? txl;ojzifh jrefrmEdkifiHrS

tvkyform;0ef}uD;XmeESif h oufqkdif&m Ed kifiHtoD;oD;&S d jrefrmoH&H k;wd k @onf jrefrma&$@ajymif; tvkyform;wdk @.tvkyform;0ef}uD;XmeESif h oufqkdif&m Ed kifiHtoD;oD;&S d jrefrmoH&H k;wd k @onf jrefrma&$@ajymif; tvkyform;wdk @.tvkyform;0ef}uD;XmeESif h oufqkdif&m Ed kifiHtoD;oD;&S d jrefrmoH&H k;wd k @onf jrefrma&$@ajymif; tvkyform;wdk @.tvkyform;0ef}uD;XmeESif h oufqkdif&m Ed kifiHtoD;oD;&S d jrefrmoH&H k;wd k @onf jrefrma&$@ajymif; tvkyform;wdk @.tvkyform;0ef}uD;XmeESif h oufqkdif&m Ed kifiHtoD;oD;&S d jrefrmoH&H k;wd k @onf jrefrma&$@ajymif; tvkyform;wdk @.ta&;t&mudpP tcsK d @wd k @ud k &yfwnfaqmif&Gufay;vm=uygonf?ta&;t&mudpP tcsK d @wd k @ud k &yfwnfaqmif&Gufay;vm=uygonf?ta&;t&mudpP tcsK d @wd k @ud k &yfwnfaqmif&Gufay;vm=uygonf?ta&;t&mudpP tcsK d @wd k @ud k &yfwnfaqmif&Gufay;vm=uygonf?ta&;t&mudpP tcsK d @wd k @ud k &yfwnfaqmif&Gufay;vm=uygonf?

rdrdwdk@ xdkif;- jrefrme,fpyf wmh(cf)c&dkif (wmhcfjynfe,f)&Sd 9 +rdK@e,fxJwGif raqmufc&dkifcGJonf jrefrma&$@ajymif;rdrdwdk@ xdkif;- jrefrme,fpyf wmh(cf)c&dkif (wmhcfjynfe,f)&Sd 9 +rdK@e,fxJwGif raqmufc&dkifcGJonf jrefrma&$@ajymif;rdrdwdk@ xdkif;- jrefrme,fpyf wmh(cf)c&dkif (wmhcfjynfe,f)&Sd 9 +rdK@e,fxJwGif raqmufc&dkifcGJonf jrefrma&$@ajymif;rdrdwdk@ xdkif;- jrefrme,fpyf wmh(cf)c&dkif (wmhcfjynfe,f)&Sd 9 +rdK@e,fxJwGif raqmufc&dkifcGJonf jrefrma&$@ajymif;rdrdwdk@ xdkif;- jrefrme,fpyf wmh(cf)c&dkif (wmhcfjynfe,f)&Sd 9 +rdK@e,fxJwGif raqmufc&dkifcGJonf jrefrma&$@ajymif;tvkyform; ta&twGuf 2 odef;cef@&S daom a'ojzpfygonf? ,ckESpfrsm;twGif; rJaqmuf+rdK @e,ftjyif zkwfz&/tvkyform; ta&twGuf 2 odef;cef@&S daom a'ojzpfygonf? ,ckESpfrsm;twGif; rJaqmuf+rdK @e,ftjyif zkwfz&/tvkyform; ta&twGuf 2 odef;cef@&S daom a'ojzpfygonf? ,ckESpfrsm;twGif; rJaqmuf+rdK @e,ftjyif zkwfz&/tvkyform; ta&twGuf 2 odef;cef@&S daom a'ojzpfygonf? ,ckESpfrsm;twGif; rJaqmuf+rdK @e,ftjyif zkwfz&/tvkyform; ta&twGuf 2 odef;cef@&S daom a'ojzpfygonf? ,ckESpfrsm;twGif; rJaqmuf+rdK @e,ftjyif zkwfz&/r,f&rwf ponf h +r d K @e,frsm;wGi f jre frma&$ @a jymi f ;tvky form;rsm;ud komru ,if;wd k @. r dom;p k0i fr,f&rwf ponf h +r d K @e,frsm;wGi f jre frma&$ @a jymi f ;tvky form;rsm;ud komru ,if;wd k @. r dom;p k0i fr,f&rwf ponf h +r d K @e,frsm;wGi f jre frma&$ @a jymi f ;tvky form;rsm;ud komru ,if;wd k @. r dom;p k0i fr,f&rwf ponf h +r d K @e,frsm;wGi f jre frma&$ @a jymi f ;tvky form;rsm;ud komru ,if;wd k @. r dom;p k0i fr,f&rwf ponf h +r d K @e,frsm;wGi f jre frma&$ @a jymi f ;tvky form;rsm;ud komru ,if;wd k @. r dom;p k0i fuav;rsm;onfvnf; armfawmf ,mOf rawmfwqr_rsm;jzif h toufqHk;&H _;&jcif;/ &moufyef 'kuQ dwjzpf&jcif;rsm;uav;rsm;onfvnf; armfawmf ,mOf rawmfwqr_rsm;jzif h toufqHk;&H _;&jcif;/ &moufyef 'kuQ dwjzpf&jcif;rsm;uav;rsm;onfvnf; armfawmf ,mOf rawmfwqr_rsm;jzif h toufqHk;&H _;&jcif;/ &moufyef 'kuQ dwjzpf&jcif;rsm;uav;rsm;onfvnf; armfawmf ,mOf rawmfwqr_rsm;jzif h toufqHk;&H _;&jcif;/ &moufyef 'kuQ dwjzpf&jcif;rsm;uav;rsm;onfvnf; armfawmf ,mOf rawmfwqr_rsm;jzif h toufqHk;&H _;&jcif;/ &moufyef 'kuQ dwjzpf&jcif;rsm;&S daeygonf? (Tarmfawmf,mOf rawmfwq jzpfr_rsm;rSm vkyftm;crsm;jym;aom xk di f;E d ki fi H +r d K @ }uD; jy}uD;rsm;&S d& S daeygonf? (Tarmfawmf,mOf rawmfwq jzpfr_rsm;rSm vkyftm;crsm;jym;aom xk di f;E d ki fi H +r d K @ }uD; jy}uD;rsm;&S d& S daeygonf? (Tarmfawmf,mOf rawmfwq jzpfr_rsm;rSm vkyftm;crsm;jym;aom xk di f;E d ki fi H +r d K @ }uD; jy}uD;rsm;&S d& S daeygonf? (Tarmfawmf,mOf rawmfwq jzpfr_rsm;rSm vkyftm;crsm;jym;aom xk di f;E d ki fi H +r d K @ }uD; jy}uD;rsm;&S d& S daeygonf? (Tarmfawmf,mOf rawmfwq jzpfr_rsm;rSm vkyftm;crsm;jym;aom xk di f;E d ki fi H +r d K @ }uD; jy}uD;rsm;&S d

jrefrma&$@ajymif;tvkyform;rsm;twGuf tawmftwef avsmfa=u;aiGudk &&SdcHpm;=u&aomfvnf; xkdif;EdkifiH. vkyftm;cjrefrma&$@ajymif;tvkyform;rsm;twGuf tawmftwef avsmfa=u;aiGudk &&SdcHpm;=u&aomfvnf; xkdif;EdkifiH. vkyftm;cjrefrma&$@ajymif;tvkyform;rsm;twGuf tawmftwef avsmfa=u;aiGudk &&SdcHpm;=u&aomfvnf; xkdif;EdkifiH. vkyftm;cjrefrma&$@ajymif;tvkyform;rsm;twGuf tawmftwef avsmfa=u;aiGudk &&SdcHpm;=u&aomfvnf; xkdif;EdkifiH. vkyftm;cjrefrma&$@ajymif;tvkyform;rsm;twGuf tawmftwef avsmfa=u;aiGudk &&SdcHpm;=u&aomfvnf; xkdif;EdkifiH. vkyftm;ctenf;qH k ; a'orsm;xJwGi f wpfc ktyg t0if jzp faom wmh(c f)c& d ki fwGi fr l toufz k d ;& S d&rnf htpm;tenf;qH k ; a'orsm;xJwGi f wpfc ktyg t0if jzp faom wmh(c f)c& d ki fwGi fr l toufz k d ;& S d&rnf htpm;tenf;qH k ; a'orsm;xJwGi f wpfc ktyg t0if jzp faom wmh(c f)c& d ki fwGi fr l toufz k d ;& S d&rnf htpm;tenf;qH k ; a'orsm;xJwGi f wpfc ktyg t0if jzp faom wmh(c f)c& d ki fwGi fr l toufz k d ;& S d&rnf htpm;tenf;qH k ; a'orsm;xJwGi f wpfc ktyg t0if jzp faom wmh(c f)c& d ki fwGi fr l toufz k d ;& S d&rnf htpm;t&ufzdk;(em;vnfr_a=u;) taejzifhom &&SdcHpm;ae=u&ayonf? xkdif;Ed kifiH. ,mOfpnf;urf; vrf;pnf;urf; Oya't&ufzdk;(em;vnfr_a=u;) taejzifhom &&SdcHpm;ae=u&ayonf? xkdif;Ed kifiH. ,mOfpnf;urf; vrf;pnf;urf; Oya't&ufzdk;(em;vnfr_a=u;) taejzifhom &&SdcHpm;ae=u&ayonf? xkdif;Ed kifiH. ,mOfpnf;urf; vrf;pnf;urf; Oya't&ufzdk;(em;vnfr_a=u;) taejzifhom &&SdcHpm;ae=u&ayonf? xkdif;Ed kifiH. ,mOfpnf;urf; vrf;pnf;urf; Oya't&ufzdk;(em;vnfr_a=u;) taejzifhom &&SdcHpm;ae=u&ayonf? xkdif;Ed kifiH. ,mOfpnf;urf; vrf;pnf;urf; Oya'(((((BE-2535/ AD- 1992)t& armfawmf,mOfwkdufcH&I toufqHk;&H_;v#if tr_jzpfyGm; yHkESifh oufaotaxmuftxm;)t& armfawmf,mOfwkdufcH&I toufqHk;&H_;v#if tr_jzpfyGm; yHkESifh oufaotaxmuftxm;)t& armfawmf,mOfwkdufcH&I toufqHk;&H_;v#if tr_jzpfyGm; yHkESifh oufaotaxmuftxm;)t& armfawmf,mOfwkdufcH&I toufqHk;&H_;v#if tr_jzpfyGm; yHkESifh oufaotaxmuftxm;)t& armfawmf,mOfwkdufcH&I toufqHk;&H_;v#if tr_jzpfyGm; yHkESifh oufaotaxmuftxm;ckdifvHkr_udk axmuf&_I avsmfa=u;aiG bwf 1 odef;rS bwf 10 odef;txd cHpm;ydkifcGifh&Sdonf[k jyXmef;xm;aomfvnf;ckdifvHkr_udk axmuf&_I avsmfa=u;aiG bwf 1 odef;rS bwf 10 odef;txd cHpm;ydkifcGifh&Sdonf[k jyXmef;xm;aomfvnf;ckdifvHkr_udk axmuf&_I avsmfa=u;aiG bwf 1 odef;rS bwf 10 odef;txd cHpm;ydkifcGifh&Sdonf[k jyXmef;xm;aomfvnf;ckdifvHkr_udk axmuf&_I avsmfa=u;aiG bwf 1 odef;rS bwf 10 odef;txd cHpm;ydkifcGifh&Sdonf[k jyXmef;xm;aomfvnf;ckdifvHkr_udk axmuf&_I avsmfa=u;aiG bwf 1 odef;rS bwf 10 odef;txd cHpm;ydkifcGifh&Sdonf[k jyXmef;xm;aomfvnf;jre frma&$ @a jymi f ;tvky form;rsm;E Si f h ,if ;wd k @. r dom;p k0i fr sm;twGufr Smr l toufz k d ;xuf xk di f ;bwf ai Gjre frma&$ @a jymi f ;tvky form;rsm;E Si f h ,if ;wd k @. r dom;p k0i fr sm;twGufr Smr l toufz k d ;xuf xk di f ;bwf ai Gjre frma&$ @a jymi f ;tvky form;rsm;E Si f h ,if ;wd k @. r dom;p k0i fr sm;twGufr Smr l toufz k d ;xuf xk di f ;bwf ai Gjre frma&$ @a jymi f ;tvky form;rsm;E Si f h ,if ;wd k @. r dom;p k0i fr sm;twGufr Smr l toufz k d ;xuf xk di f ;bwf ai Gjre frma&$ @a jymi f ;tvky form;rsm;E Si f h ,if ;wd k @. r dom;p k0i fr sm;twGufr Smr l toufz k d ;xuf xk di f ;bwf ai Gaomif;*%ef;r#om avsmfa=u;&&S daom taetxm; (t&ufzd k;om) jzpfae=uayonf?aomif;*%ef;r#om avsmfa=u;&&S daom taetxm; (t&ufzd k;om) jzpfae=uayonf?aomif;*%ef;r#om avsmfa=u;&&S daom taetxm; (t&ufzd k;om) jzpfae=uayonf?aomif;*%ef;r#om avsmfa=u;&&S daom taetxm; (t&ufzd k;om) jzpfae=uayonf?aomif;*%ef;r#om avsmfa=u;&&S daom taetxm; (t&ufzd k;om) jzpfae=uayonf?

ta=umif;a=umif;aom ta=umif;a=umif;rsm;a=umifh rdrdwkdif;jynf r[kwfyJ tESdrfcHb0/ tzdESdyfcHb0/ eif;jym;ta=umif;a=umif;aom ta=umif;a=umif;rsm;a=umifh rdrdwkdif;jynf r[kwfyJ tESdrfcHb0/ tzdESdyfcHb0/ eif;jym;ta=umif;a=umif;aom ta=umif;a=umif;rsm;a=umifh rdrdwkdif;jynf r[kwfyJ tESdrfcHb0/ tzdESdyfcHb0/ eif;jym;ta=umif;a=umif;aom ta=umif;a=umif;rsm;a=umifh rdrdwkdif;jynf r[kwfyJ tESdrfcHb0/ tzdESdyfcHb0/ eif;jym;ta=umif;a=umif;aom ta=umif;a=umif;rsm;a=umifh rdrdwkdif;jynf r[kwfyJ tESdrfcHb0/ tzdESdyfcHb0/ eif;jym;b0a&muf ae=uonfhwd kifatmif vl@tcGif hta&;wpHkw&m&S daeao;aom xkdif;Ed kifiHwGif ay;or#,l/ au|;or#pm;b0a&muf ae=uonfhwd kifatmif vl@tcGif hta&;wpHkw&m&S daeao;aom xkdif;Ed kifiHwGif ay;or#,l/ au|;or#pm;b0a&muf ae=uonfhwd kifatmif vl@tcGif hta&;wpHkw&m&S daeao;aom xkdif;Ed kifiHwGif ay;or#,l/ au|;or#pm;b0a&muf ae=uonfhwd kifatmif vl@tcGif hta&;wpHkw&m&S daeao;aom xkdif;Ed kifiHwGif ay;or#,l/ au|;or#pm;b0a&muf ae=uonfhwd kifatmif vl@tcGif hta&;wpHkw&m&S daeao;aom xkdif;Ed kifiHwGif ay;or#,l/ au|;or#pm;tae txm;jzifh tm%mydkifrsm;u =um;0ifnSdKEd_if;ay;aom em;vnfr_avsmfa=u; (t&ufzdk;)udkom vufcH=urnfavm?tae txm;jzifh tm%mydkifrsm;u =um;0ifnSdKEd_if;ay;aom em;vnfr_avsmfa=u; (t&ufzdk;)udkom vufcH=urnfavm?tae txm;jzifh tm%mydkifrsm;u =um;0ifnSdKEd_if;ay;aom em;vnfr_avsmfa=u; (t&ufzdk;)udkom vufcH=urnfavm?tae txm;jzifh tm%mydkifrsm;u =um;0ifnSdKEd_if;ay;aom em;vnfr_avsmfa=u; (t&ufzdk;)udkom vufcH=urnfavm?tae txm;jzifh tm%mydkifrsm;u =um;0ifnSdKEd_if;ay;aom em;vnfr_avsmfa=u; (t&ufzdk;)udkom vufcH=urnfavm?od k @wnf; r[kwfygu aiGa=u;xuf r dr doduQmESi f h &yfwnfcsuftwGuf owW d& S d& S d &ifqk di f& Jaom xk di f ;Oya'ygod k @wnf; r[kwfygu aiGa=u;xuf r dr doduQmESi f h &yfwnfcsuftwGuf owW d& S d& S d &ifqk di f& Jaom xk di f ;Oya'ygod k @wnf; r[kwfygu aiGa=u;xuf r dr doduQmESi f h &yfwnfcsuftwGuf owW d& S d& S d &ifqk di f& Jaom xk di f ;Oya'ygod k @wnf; r[kwfygu aiGa=u;xuf r dr doduQmESi f h &yfwnfcsuftwGuf owW d& S d& S d &ifqk di f& Jaom xk di f ;Oya'ygod k @wnf; r[kwfygu aiGa=u;xuf r dr doduQmESi f h &yfwnfcsuftwGuf owW d& S d& S d &ifqk di f& Jaom xk di f ;Oya'ygtoufzkd;&onf txd awmif;qdk=urnf avm [lI?toufzkd;&onf txd awmif;qdk=urnf avm [lI?toufzkd;&onf txd awmif;qdk=urnf avm [lI?toufzkd;&onf txd awmif;qdk=urnf avm [lI?toufzkd;&onf txd awmif;qdk=urnf avm [lI?

toufzdk;awmif;qdkrnfavm/toufzdk;awmif;qdkrnfavm/toufzdk;awmif;qdkrnfavm/toufzdk;awmif;qdkrnfavm/toufzdk;awmif;qdkrnfavm/t&ufzdk;om vufcH-urnfavmt&ufzdk;om vufcH-urnfavmt&ufzdk;om vufcH-urnfavmt&ufzdk;om vufcH-urnfavmt&ufzdk;om vufcH-urnfavm


3/24



Edk0ifbmv 2012

pmrsufESm (3)

oDa&;oD&m = uAsmpmrsufESm

( 1 )( 1 )( 1 )( 1 )( 1 )teuf&if h&if h urf;yg; rSteuf&if h&if h urf;yg; rSteuf&if h&if h urf;yg; rSteuf&if h&if h urf;yg; rSteuf&if h&if h urf;yg; rS

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jrif h jrwfaom vlrs d K;twGufjrif h jrwfaom vlrs d K;twGufjrif h jrwfaom vlrs d K;twGufjrif h jrwfaom vlrs d K;twGufjrif h jrwfaom vlrs d K;twGufjrif h jrif h jrwfjrwf edKif&mwm0efxrf;=uwJhjrif h jrif h jrwfjrwf edKif&mwm0efxrf;=uwJhjrif h jrif h jrwfjrwf edKif&mwm0efxrf;=uwJhjrif h jrif h jrwfjrwf edKif&mwm0efxrf;=uwJhjrif h jrif h jrwfjrwf edKif&mwm0efxrf;=uwJh

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urBm ra=uqdk+yD; towfcH&yapurBm ra=uqdk+yD; towfcH&yapurBm ra=uqdk+yD; towfcH&yapurBm ra=uqdk+yD; towfcH&yapurBm ra=uqdk+yD; towfcH&yappdwf'kuQqif;&Jrsm;pdwf'kuQqif;&Jrsm;pdwf'kuQqif;&Jrsm;pdwf'kuQqif;&Jrsm;pdwf'kuQqif;&Jrsm;rD;avmifjyif wprD;avmifjyif wprD;avmifjyif wprD;avmifjyif wprD;avmifjyif wp

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vlrs d K ; bmom omoem aysmufwmavmufvlrs d K ; bmom omoem aysmufwmavmufvlrs d K ; bmom omoem aysmufwmavmufvlrs d K ; bmom omoem aysmufwmavmufvlrs d K ; bmom omoem aysmufwmavmufr qdk; 0g;r qdk; 0g;r qdk; 0g;r qdk; 0g;r qdk; 0g;

rmCopPmrmCopPmrmCopPmrmCopPmrmCopPm

jre frm jynfom; bavmh* fr S ae @pO fwifaom owif;jre frm jynfom; bavmh* fr S ae @pO fwifaom owif;jre frm jynfom; bavmh* fr S ae @pO fwifaom owif;jre frm jynfom; bavmh* fr S ae @pO fwifaom owif;jre frm jynfom; bavmh* fr S ae @pO fwifaom owif;tcsuftvufrsm;ud k aomif&i f ;e* g ;az h (p f )bkwftcsuftvufrsm;ud k aomif&i f ;e* g ;az h (p f )bkwftcsuftvufrsm;ud k aomif&i f ;e* g ;az h (p f )bkwftcsuftvufrsm;ud k aomif&i f ;e* g ;az h (p f )bkwftcsuftvufrsm;ud k aomif&i f ;e* g ;az h (p f )bkwf(((((http:://www.thaungyinnagar.facebook )))))

wGi fvnf ;aumi f ; / e* g ;aomi f&i f ; w Gp fwmwGi fvnf ;aumif ; / e* g ;aomi f&if ; w Gp fwmwGi fvnf ;aumi f ; / e* g ;aomi f&i f ; w Gp fwmwGi fvnf ;aumif ; / e* g ;aomi f&if ; w Gp fwmwGi fvnf;aumi f ; / e*g ;aomif&i f ; wGp fwm(((((http:://www.nagarthaungyin.twitter)))))wGi fvnf;aumif ; 0i fa&mufzwf& _e k di fy gonf?wGi fvnf;aumif ; 0i fa&mufzwf& _e k di fy gonf?wGi fvnf;aumif ; 0i fa&mufzwf& _e k di fy gonf?wGi fvnf;aumif ; 0i fa&mufzwf& _e k di fy gonf?wGi fvnf;aumif ; 0i fa&mufzwf& _e k di fy gonf?

taemufbuf wHcg; rS ESif;qDeDrsm;taemufbuf wHcg; rS ESif;qDeDrsm;taemufbuf wHcg; rS ESif;qDeDrsm;taemufbuf wHcg; rS ESif;qDeDrsm;taemufbuf wHcg; rS ESif;qDeDrsm;


4/24


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rsm;/ Ed kifiHa&;ESif h Ed kifiHom;rsm;qkdif&m tcGif hta&;rsm;/ vlom;trsKd;tEG,frsm; twGuf nDr#aom tcGif hta&;/ trsKd;orD;rsm;/ Ed kifiHa&;ESif h Ed kifiHom;rsm;qkdif&m tcGif hta&;rsm;/ vlom;trsKd;tEG,frsm; twGuf nDr#aom tcGif hta&;/ trsKd;orD;rsm;/ Ed kifiHa&;ESif h Ed kifiHom;rsm;qkdif&m tcGif hta&;rsm;/ vlom;trsKd;tEG,frsm; twGuf nDr#aom tcGif hta&;/ trsKd;orD;rsm;/ Ed kifiHa&;ESif h Ed kifiHom;rsm;qkdif&m tcGif hta&;rsm;/ vlom;trsKd;tEG,frsm; twGuf nDr#aom tcGif hta&;/ trsKd;orD;rsm;/ Ed kifiHa&;ESif h Ed kifiHom;rsm;qkdif&m tcGif hta&;rsm;/ vlom;trsKd;tEG,frsm; twGuf nDr#aom tcGif hta&;/ trsKd;orD;rsm;. tcGif hta&;ESif h uav; oli,frsm;. tcGif hta&;rsm;udk tao;pdwf wduspGm azmfjyxm;ygonf?rsm;. tcGif hta&;ESif h uav; oli,frsm;. tcGif hta&;rsm;udk tao;pdwf wduspGm azmfjyxm;ygonf?rsm;. tcGif hta&;ESif h uav; oli,frsm;. tcGif hta&;rsm;udk tao;pdwf wduspGm azmfjyxm;ygonf?rsm;. tcGif hta&;ESif h uav; oli,frsm;. tcGif hta&;rsm;udk tao;pdwf wduspGm azmfjyxm;ygonf?rsm;. tcGif hta&;ESif h uav; oli,frsm;. tcGif hta&;rsm;udk tao;pdwf wduspGm azmfjyxm;ygonf?Tqdkyg jyXmef;csufonf tjynfjynfqkdif&m tvkyform;a&;&mtzGJ @csKyf (Tqdkyg jyXmef;csufonf tjynfjynfqkdif&m tvkyform;a&;&mtzGJ@csKyf (Tqdkyg jyXmef;csufonf tjynfjynfqkdif&m tvkyform;a&;&mtzGJ @csKyf (Tqdkyg jyXmef;csufonf tjynfjynfqkdif&m tvkyform;a&;&mtzGJ@csKyf (Tqdkyg jyXmef;csufonf tjynfjynfqkdif&m tvkyform;a&;&mtzGJ @csKyf (ILO). jyXmef;csufrsm;/ txl;ojzif h). jyXmef;csufrsm;/ txl;ojzif h). jyXmef;csufrsm;/ txl;ojzif h). jyXmef;csufrsm;/ txl;ojzif h). jyXmef;csufrsm;/ txl;ojzif h

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4if;wd k @onf tjcm;Ed ki fi HwEd ki fi HY tvkyfvkyfaeaomfvnf; tdrfe D;em;jcif;E d ki fi HwGif wnf&S daom rdr d.ae&yfod k @4if;wd k @onf tjcm;Ed ki fi HwEd ki fi HY tvkyfvkyfaeaomfvnf; tdrfe D;em;jcif;E d ki fi HwGif wnf&S daom rdr d.ae&yfod k @4if;wd k @onf tjcm;Ed ki fi HwEd ki fi HY tvkyfvkyfaeaomfvnf; tdrfe D;em;jcif;E d ki fi HwGif wnf&S daom rdr d.ae&yfod k @4if;wd k @onf tjcm;Ed ki fi HwEd ki fi HY tvkyfvkyfaeaomfvnf; tdrfe D;em;jcif;E d ki fi HwGif wnf&S daom rdr d.ae&yfod k @4if;wd k @onf tjcm;Ed ki fi HwEd ki fi HY tvkyfvkyfaeaomfvnf; tdrfe D;em;jcif;E d ki fi HwGif wnf&S daom rdr d.ae&yfod k @jyefoGm;avh&S dygonf?jyefoGm;avh&S dygonf?jyefoGm;avh&S dygonf?jyefoGm;avh&S dygonf?jyefoGm;avh&S dygonf?(c) &moDtvkduf tvkyfvkyfud kifaom tvkyform;(c) &moDtvkduf tvkyfvkyfud kifaom tvkyform;(c) &moDtvkduf tvkyfvkyfud kifaom tvkyform;(c) &moDtvkduf tvkyfvkyfud kifaom tvkyform;(c) &moDtvkduf tvkyfvkyfud kifaom tvkyform;

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ttHkY oGm;a&muftvkyfvkyfaom xdkEd kifiHom;r[kwfol jzpfygonf?ttHkY oGm;a&muftvkyfvkyfaom xdkEd kifiHom;r[kwfol jzpfygonf?ttHkY oGm;a&muftvkyfvkyfaom xdkEd kifiHom;r[kwfol jzpfygonf?ttHkY oGm;a&muftvkyfvkyfaom xdkEd kifiHom;r[kwfol jzpfygonf?ttHkY oGm;a&muftvkyfvkyfaom xdkEd kifiHom;r[kwfol jzpfygonf?(C) Ed kifiH&yfjcm;Y tcsdefyd kif; vSnf hvnfvkyfud kifaom tvkyform;(C) Ed kifiH&yfjcm;Y tcsdefyd kif; vSnf hvnfvkyfud kifaom tvkyform;(C) Ed kifiH&yfjcm;Y tcsdefyd kif; vSnf hvnfvkyfud kifaom tvkyform;(C) Ed kifiH&yfjcm;Y tcsdefyd kif; vSnf hvnfvkyfud kifaom tvkyform;(C) Ed kifiH&yfjcm;Y tcsdefyd kif; vSnf hvnfvkyfud kifaom tvkyform;

vkyfief;obm0t& wkdif;wyg;od k @ umvtcsdefwd k c&D;oGm;vmvkyfud kifol trsK d;tpm;jzpfygonf?vkyfief;obm0t& wkdif;wyg;od k @ umvtcsdefwd k c&D;oGm;vmvkyfud kifol trsK d;tpm;jzpfygonf?vkyfief;obm0t& wkdif;wyg;od k @ umvtcsdefwd k c&D;oGm;vmvkyfud kifol trsK d;tpm;jzpfygonf?vkyfief;obm0t& wkdif;wyg;od k @ umvtcsdefwd k c&D;oGm;vmvkyfud kifol trsK d;tpm;jzpfygonf?vkyfief;obm0t& wkdif;wyg;od k @ umvtcsdefwd k c&D;oGm;vmvkyfud kifol trsK d;tpm;jzpfygonf?(i) pDrHudef;qk dif&mtvkduf Ed kifiH jcm;wGif vkyfud kifaomtvkyform;(i) pDrHudef;qk dif&mtvkduf Ed kifiH jcm;wGif vkyfud kifaomtvkyform;(i) pDrHudef;qk dif&mtvkduf Ed kifiH jcm;wGif vkyfud kifaomtvkyform;(i) pDrHudef;qk dif&mtvkduf Ed kifiH jcm;wGif vkyfud kifaomtvkyform;(i) pDrHudef;qk dif&mtvkduf Ed kifiH jcm;wGif vkyfud kifaomtvkyform;

vkyfief;&Sif. cGif hjyKcsufa=umifh wkdif;wyg;odk@ uef@owfcsdeftwGif; 0ifa&mufI owfrSwfxm;aom pDrHudef;vkyfief;vkyfief;&Sif. cGif hjyKcsufa=umifh wkdif;wyg;odk@ uef@owfcsdeftwGif; 0ifa&mufI owfrSwfxm;aom pDrHudef;vkyfief;vkyfief;&Sif. cGif hjyKcsufa=umifh wkdif;wyg;odk@ uef@owfcsdeftwGif; 0ifa&mufI owfrSwfxm;aom pDrHudef;vkyfief;vkyfief;&Sif. cGif hjyKcsufa=umifh wkdif;wyg;odk@ uef@owfcsdeftwGif; 0ifa&mufI owfrSwfxm;aom pDrHudef;vkyfief;vkyfief;&Sif. cGif hjyKcsufa=umifh wkdif;wyg;odk@ uef@owfcsdeftwGif; 0ifa&mufI owfrSwfxm;aom pDrHudef;vkyfief;(wckwnf;) Yom 0ifa&mufvkyfud kifcGif h &oljzpfonf?(wckwnf;) Yom 0ifa&mufvkyfud kifcGif h &oljzpfonf?(wckwnf;) Yom 0ifa&mufvkyfud kifcGif h &oljzpfonf?(wckwnf;) Yom 0ifa&mufvkyfud kifcGif h &oljzpfonf?(wckwnf;) Yom 0ifa&mufvkyfud kifcGif h &oljzpfonf?(p) Ed kifiH&yfjcm;Y txl;wm0efjzif h tvkyfvkyfaom tvkyform;(p) Ed kifiH&yfjcm;Y txl;wm0efjzif h tvkyfvkyfaom tvkyform;(p) Ed kifiH&yfjcm;Y txl;wm0efjzif h tvkyfvkyfaom tvkyform;(p) Ed kifiH&yfjcm;Y txl;wm0efjzif h tvkyfvkyfaom tvkyform;(p) Ed kifiH&yfjcm;Y txl;wm0efjzif h tvkyfvkyfaom tvkyform;

wduspGm owfrSwfay;tyfxm;aomtvkyf (od k @) wm0eftay:rlwnfI wkdif;wyg;wGif wk dawmif;aom tcsdefyd kif;wduspGm owfrSwfay;tyfxm;aomtvkyf (od k @) wm0eftay:rlwnfI wkdif;wyg;wGif wk dawmif;aom tcsdefyd kif;wduspGm owfrSwfay;tyfxm;aomtvkyf (od k @) wm0eftay:rlwnfI wkdif;wyg;wGif wk dawmif;aom tcsdefyd kif;wduspGm owfrSwfay;tyfxm;aomtvkyf (od k @) wm0eftay:rlwnfI wkdif;wyg;wGif wk dawmif;aom tcsdefyd kif;wduspGm owfrSwfay;tyfxm;aomtvkyf (od k @) wm0eftay:rlwnfI wkdif;wyg;wGif wk dawmif;aom tcsdefyd kif;twGif; aexkdifvkyfud kifcGif h&S dol txl;u|rf;usifol/ twwfynm&Sif/ todynm&SifESif h pD;yGm;a&;u|rf;usifol trsK d;twGif; aexkdifvkyfud kifcGif h&S dol txl;u|rf;usifol/ twwfynm&Sif/ todynm&SifESif h pD;yGm;a&;u|rf;usifol trsK d;twGif; aexkdifvkyfud kifcGif h&S dol txl;u|rf;usifol/ twwfynm&Sif/ todynm&SifESif h pD;yGm;a&;u|rf;usifol trsK d;twGif; aexkdifvkyfud kifcGif h&S dol txl;u|rf;usifol/ twwfynm&Sif/ todynm&SifESif h pD;yGm;a&;u|rf;usifol trsK d;twGif; aexkdifvkyfud kifcGif h&S dol txl;u|rf;usifol/ twwfynm&Sif/ todynm&SifESif h pD;yGm;a&;u|rf;usifol trsK d;

tpm;jzp fonf?tpm;jzp fonf?tpm;jzp fonf?tpm;jzp fonf?tpm;jzp fonf?(q) Ed kifiH&yfjcm;Y udk,fwk dif&SmazG tvkyfvkyfonfh tvkyform;(q) Ed kifiH&yfjcm;Y udk,fwk dif&SmazG tvkyfvkyfonfh tvkyform;(q) Ed kifiH&yfjcm;Y udk,fwk dif&SmazG tvkyfvkyfonfh tvkyform;(q) Ed kifiH&yfjcm;Y udk,fwk dif&SmazG tvkyfvkyfonfh tvkyform;(q) Ed kifiH&yfjcm;Y udk,fwk dif&SmazG tvkyfvkyfonfh tvkyform;

rnfonfhpmcsKyf cH0efcsufESifhr# rywfoufbJ rdrdoabmtavsmuf wkdif;wyg;wGif vGwfvyfpGm oGm;a&mufvkyf udkifolrsKd;jzpfonf?rnfonfhpmcsKyf cH0efcsufESifhr# rywfoufbJ rdrdoabmtavsmuf wkdif;wyg;wGif vGwfvyfpGm oGm;a&mufvkyf udkifolrsKd;jzpfonf?rnfonfhpmcsKyf cH0efcsufESifhr# rywfoufbJ rdrdoabmtavsmuf wkdif;wyg;wGif vGwfvyfpGm oGm;a&mufvkyf udkifolrsKd;jzpfonf?rnfonfhpmcsKyf cH0efcsufESifhr# rywfoufbJ rdrdoabmtavsmuf wkdif;wyg;wGif vGwfvyfpGm oGm;a&mufvkyf udkifolrsKd;jzpfonf?rnfonfhpmcsKyf cH0efcsufESifhr# rywfoufbJ rdrdoabmtavsmuf wkdif;wyg;wGif vGwfvyfpGm oGm;a&mufvkyf udkifolrsKd;jzpfonf?

ukvor*~. a&$@ajymif;tvkyform;rsm;qkdif&m jyXmef;csufrsm;ukvor*~. a&$@ajymif;tvkyform;rsm;qkdif&m jyXmef;csufrsm;ukvor*~. a&$@ajymif;tvkyform;rsm;qkdif&m jyXmef;csufrsm;ukvor*~. a&$@ajymif;tvkyform;rsm;qkdif&m jyXmef;csufrsm;ukvor*~. a&$@ajymif;tvkyform;rsm;qkdif&m jyXmef;csufrsm;

jrefrma&$ hajymif; odapa-umif;jrefrma&$ hajymif; odapa-umif;jrefrma&$ hajymif; odapa-umif;jrefrma&$ hajymif; odapa-umif;jrefrma&$ hajymif; odapa-umif;

rS D jirf;? ? (rS D jirf;? ? (rS D jirf;? ? (rS D jirf;? ? (rS D jirf;? ? (FTUB) rS bmomjyefxkwfa0aom ukvor*~. a&$@ajymif;tvkyform;qkdif&m jyXmef;csufrsm;) rS bmomjyefxkwfa0aom ukvor*~. a&$@ajymif;tvkyform;qkdif&m jyXmef;csufrsm;) rS bmomjyefxkwfa0aom ukvor*~. a&$@ajymif;tvkyform;qkdif&m jyXmef;csufrsm;) rS bmomjyefxkwfa0aom ukvor*~. a&$@ajymif;tvkyform;qkdif&m jyXmef;csufrsm;) rS bmomjyefxkwfa0aom ukvor*~. a&$@ajymif;tvkyform;qkdif&m jyXmef;csufrsm;


5/24



Edk0ifbmv 2012

pmrsufESm (5)

The Statements of UN for Migrant Workers.Whats are the statements of UN for Migrant. It is one

of question for migrant workers. That statements declared

by the international Convention.

This statements issued and announced since 18th

December 1990. This document has protected to the rights

of Migrant Labours and their families.

This documentary included economic. Social and

culture, political and human rights. Detail reveal shown to

woman rights and child rights.

1. Whats are migrant workers?

2. How many kinds of migrant workers.

No, 1 question.

It means a person who lives in Thailand, but not Thai nationality. He works

one of work site which get labour charges from there.

3. No, 2 qurstion.There about 7 kinds of migrant workers.

I will describe and detail for them.

(a) Frontier worker.

They work at the neighbor country, but not settle their. Return to his or her

resident after working in job.

Example.

A person who comes from myawaddy and work in Thailand, but return to his

or her resident offer duty time.

Off course! They come morning and return evening.(b) Seasonal workers.

Yearly regular come and do at the work site which is Limitation for that migrant.

Example.

In this country Thailand have so much sugarcane fields. I think the sugarcane

crop is important industrial crop in this country and when it has time to harvest at

start November to end of April. The migrants from myawaddy or other nearest

village come in Thai area and harvest the sugarcane crops.

They return back to their town or village after harvesting sugarcane crop.

Next year they regular came and do that field. Its means scrotal worker.(c) Worker on an offshore installation.

They worked at the other countrys limit area which have great buildings, (or)

Offshore oil and gas fields worksite. They do not that countrys citizenship.

(d) Short term worker.

The Labour who was not permeated Labour of his country. But sometime

enter the other neighbor country and work there short term.

(e) Project- type worker.

Time limited enter the oversea countries with the perdition by the employer.

That worker can do only the limit work. Not permit more than one job.(f) Specified employment worker.

Probably technician, which they skillful in medicine or engineer or economies

also other subjects.


6/24


jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wG Jv_yf&Sm;r_aumfrwDjrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wG Jv_yf&Sm;r_aumfrwDjrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wG Jv_yf&Sm;r_aumfrwDjrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wG Jv_yf&Sm;r_aumfrwDjrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wG Jv_yf&Sm;r_aumfrwD (JACBA)rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf?rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf?rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf?rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf?rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf? pmrsufESm (6)

Example.

Specialist doctors who were rented by other countries. Engineer who were

expert in construction, mine, textile or geologist. They all are technician and have

many chances to do oversea countries.

(g) Self- employed worker.

They have independence chance themselves. They can do freedom without

limitation and no need employer for them. Mostly of they are vendors who sell the

vegetables or fruits or grocer or meats or other odds and ends.Many vendors enter the Mae Sot area from Burma which they across the

border. They are earning for money for their life. So, they do the work as they like or

as they skill. Sometimes they have been arrested by Thai police but they give fine to

police and continued their work.

** Mahar- Zaw **

aq;vdyfaq;vdyfaq;vdyfaq;vdyfaq;vdyfreufyd kif;qdk rJaqmuf+rdK@ureufyd kif;qdk rJaqmuf+rdK@ureufyd kif;qdk rJaqmuf+rdK@ureufyd kif;qdk rJaqmuf+rdK@ureufyd kif;qdk rJaqmuf+rdK@u

zd k;xl; vBuf&nfqkdifrSm vlawGzd k;xl; vBuf&nfqkdifrSm vlawGzd k;xl; vBuf&nfqkdifrSm vlawGzd k;xl; vBuf&nfqkdifrSm vlawGzd k;xl; vBuf&nfqkdifrSm vlawGjynfhvsHaew,f? axmifhusus cHkjynfhvsHaew,f? axmifhusus cHkjynfhvsHaew,f? axmifhusus cHkjynfhvsHaew,f? axmifhusus cHkjynfhvsHaew,f? axmifhusus cHkwpfcHk rSm awmh ausmfb wpfwpfcHk rSm awmh ausmfb wpfwpfcHk rSm awmh ausmfb wpfwpfcHk rSm awmh ausmfb wpfwpfcHk rSm awmh ausmfb wpfa,mufwnf;? olp dr f ; wpfa,mufwnf;? olp dr f ; wpfa,mufwnf;? olp dr f ; wpfa,mufwnf;? olp dr f ; wpfa,mufwnf;? olp dr f ; wpf

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ausmfb cH kem;vm+yD; 'DrSmxkdifvd k @ &rvm;wJh? vlawmhausmfb cH kem;vm+yD; 'DrSmxkdifvd k @ &rvm;wJh? vlawmhausmfb cH kem;vm+yD; 'DrSmxkdifvd k @ &rvm;wJh? vlawmhausmfb cH kem;vm+yD; 'DrSmxkdifvd k @ &rvm;wJh? vlawmhausmfb cH kem;vm+yD; 'DrSmxkdifvd k @ &rvm;wJh? vlawmh&w,f bmr&wmvJ ausmfb jyefajymvdkuf wJhpum;&w,f bmr&wmvJ ausmfb jyefajymvdkuf wJhpum;&w,f bmr&wmvJ ausmfb jyefajymvdkuf wJhpum;&w,f bmr&wmvJ ausmfb jyefajymvdkuf wJhpum;&w,f bmr&wmvJ ausmfb jyefajymvdkuf wJhpum;

a=umif h ab;cH kuvlawG [,fceJ jzpfoGm;&yH ku? cifAsm;a=umif h ab;cH kuvlawG [,fceJ jzpfoGm;&yH ku? cifAsm;a=umif h ab;cH kuvlawG [,fceJ jzpfoGm;&yH ku? cifAsm;a=umif h ab;cH kuvlawG [,fceJ jzpfoGm;&yH ku? cifAsm;a=umif h ab;cH kuvlawG [,fceJ jzpfoGm;&yH ku? cifAsm;vufxJu aq;vdyfawmh ygvdk@r&bl; udk,fhvlwJh?vufxJu aq;vdyfawmh ygvdk@r&bl; udk,fhvlwJh?vufxJu aq;vdyfawmh ygvdk@r&bl; udk,fhvlwJh?vufxJu aq;vdyfawmh ygvdk@r&bl; udk,fhvlwJh?vufxJu aq;vdyfawmh ygvdk@r&bl; udk,fhvlwJh?

bmvkyf&awmhrSmvJbmvkyf&awmhrSmvJbmvkyf&awmhrSmvJbmvkyf&awmhrSmvJbmvkyf&awmhrSmvJausmif;qif;cs defqd k q&mr awG &H k;cef;rSm aemufausmif;qif;cs defqd k q&mr awG &H k;cef;rSm aemufausmif;qif;cs defqd k q&mr awG &H k;cef;rSm aemufausmif;qif;cs defqd k q&mr awG &H k;cef;rSm aemufausmif;qif;cs defqd k q&mr awG &H k;cef;rSm aemuf

ajymif ajym=up+rJ? q&mrwpfOD;u q&mwpfOD;udk tckvdkajymif ajym=up+rJ? q&mrwpfOD;u q&mwpfOD;udk tckvdkajymif ajym=up+rJ? q&mrwpfOD;u q&mwpfOD;udk tckvdkajymif ajym=up+rJ? q&mrwpfOD;u q&mwpfOD;udk tckvdkajymif ajym=up+rJ? q&mrwpfOD;u q&mwpfOD;udk tckvdkpdwfaumufwwfoludk rcspfawmhbl; rkef;w,fwJh? tajymcHpdwfaumufwwfoludk rcspfawmhbl; rkef;w,fwJh? tajymcHpdwfaumufwwfoludk rcspfawmhbl; rkef;w,fwJh? tajymcHpdwfaumufwwfoludk rcspfawmhbl; rkef;w,fwJh? tajymcHpdwfaumufwwfoludk rcspfawmhbl; rkef;w,fwJh? tajymcHvkduf&wJh q&majymvkdufwma=umifh q&mr tm;vHk; 0g;vHk;vkduf&wJh q&majymvkdufwma=umifh q&mr tm;vHk; 0g;vHk;vkduf&wJh q&majymvkdufwma=umifh q&mr tm;vHk; 0g;vHk;vkduf&wJh q&majymvkdufwma=umifh q&mr tm;vHk; 0g;vHk;vkduf&wJh q&majymvkdufwma=umifh q&mr tm;vHk; 0g;vHk;uG J&,f=u&wJhtjzpfu? aoyg+yD olcspfwkef;u rodvdk fuf&uGJ&,f=u&wJhtjzpfu? aoyg+yD olcspfwkef;u rodvdk fuf&uGJ&,f=u&wJhtjzpfu? aoyg+yD olcspfwkef;u rodvdk fuf&uGJ&,f=u&wJhtjzpfu? aoyg+yD olcspfwkef;u rodvdk fuf&uGJ&,f=u&wJhtjzpfu? aoyg+yD olcspfwkef;u rodvdk fuf&wm emw,fAsm? ckrkef;awmhrS od&awmh bmvkyfvdk@ &awmhwm emw,fAsm? ckrkef;awmhrS od&awmh bmvkyfvdk@ &awmhwm emw,fAsm? ckrkef;awmhrS od&awmh bmvkyfvdk@ &awmhwm emw,fAsm? ckrkef;awmhrS od&awmh bmvkyfvdk@ &awmhwm emw,fAsm? ckrkef;awmhrS od&awmh bmvkyfvdk@ &awmhrSmvJwJh?rSmvJwJh?rSmvJwJh?rSmvJwJh?rSmvJwJh?

ig;avmif;+ydKif vlowfr_eJ@ pdefpDwJ hnig;avmif;+ydKif vlowfr_eJ@ pdefpDwJ hnig;avmif;+ydKif vlowfr_eJ@ pdefpDwJ hnig;avmif;+ydKif vlowfr_eJ@ pdefpDwJ hnig;avmif;+ydKif vlowfr_eJ@ pdefpDwJ hnoli,fcsif;wpfpk rJaqmuf+rdJ@u zdk;xl;vBuf&nfqkdifrSmoli,fcsif;wpfpk rJaqmuf+rdJ@u zdk;xl;vBuf&nfqkdifrSmoli,fcsif;wpfpk rJaqmuf+rdJ@u zdk;xl;vBuf&nfqkdifrSmoli,fcsif;wpfpk rJaqmuf+rdJ@u zdk;xl;vBuf&nfqkdifrSmoli,fcsif;wpfpk rJaqmuf+rdJ@u zdk;xl;vBuf&nfqkdifrSm

vBuf&nf aomuf=u&if; awma&muf awmifa&mufajymvBuf&nf aomuf=u&if; awma&muf awmifa&mufajymvBuf&nf aomuf=u&if; awma&muf awmifa&mufajymvBuf&nf aomuf=u&if; awma&muf awmifa&mufajymvBuf&nf aomuf=u&if; awma&muf awmifa&mufajym

[m',ESvHk;- wc%+yHK;[m',ESvHk;- wc%+yHK;[m',ESvHk;- wc%+yHK;[m',ESvHk;- wc%+yHK;[m',ESvHk;- wc%+yHK;

**Public Health**

tvkyfud k rem;raevky fud ki f jci f ; od k @r[kwf tcs de ftuef @towfr&S dvky fud ki ftvky fud k rem;raevky fud ki f jci f ; od k @r[kwf tcs de ftuef @towfr&S dvky fud ki ftvky fud k rem;raevky fud ki f jci f ; od k @r[kwf tcs de ftuef @towfr&S dvky fud ki ftvky fud k rem;raevky fud ki f jci f ; od k @r[kwf tcs de ftuef @towfr&S dvky fud ki ftvky fud k rem;raevky fud ki f jci f ; od k @r[kwf tcs de ftuef @towfr&S dvky fud ki fjci f;rsm;onf ESv kH;a&m*g jzp fyGm;r_ wdk ;jrih fap +yD ; kwfw&uf ESvHk ;xdcd kufr_ jzp fy Gm;umjcif ;rsm;onf ESv kH;a&m*gjzpfyGm ;r_ wdk ;jrih fap +yD ; kw fw&uf ESvHk ;xdcd kufr_ jzp fy Gm;umjci f;rsm;onf ESv kH;a&m*g jzp fyGm;r_ wdk ;jrih fap +yD ; kwfw&uf ESvHk ;xdcd kufr_ jzp fy Gm;umjcif ;rsm;onf ESv kH;a&m*gjzpfyGm ;r_ wdk ;jrih fap +yD ; kw fw&uf ESvHk ;xdcd kufr_ jzp fy Gm;umjci f;rsm;onf ESvkH ;a&m*g jzp fy Gm;r_ wdk ;jrihf ap+yD; kwfw&uf ESv Hk;xdcdkufr _ jzp fyGm;umtoufqk H ; _ H ; apE d ki fa =umif; +A dwde faq;bufqd ki f&m okawoe ynm&Si fr sm;utoufqk H ; _ H ; apE d ki fa =umif; +A dwde faq;bufqd ki f&m okawoe ynm&Si fr sm;utoufqk H ; _ H ; apE d ki fa =umif; +A dwde faq;bufqd ki f&m okawoe ynm&Si fr sm;utoufqk H ; _ H ; apE d ki fa =umif; +A dwde faq;bufqd ki f&m okawoe ynm&Si fr sm;utoufqk H ; _ H ; apE d ki fa =umif; +A dwde faq;bufqd ki f&m okawoe ynm&Si fr sm;uajym=um;onf? Oa&myEd ki fi Hrsm;wGif okawoejyKcsuf (13) }udrf jyK vkyfc J h&mrSajym=um;onf? Oa&myEd ki fi Hrsm;wGif okawoejyKcsuf (13) }udrf jyK vkyfc J h&mrSajym=um;onf? Oa&myEd ki fi Hrsm;wGif okawoejyKcsuf (13) }udrf jyK vkyfc J h&mrSajym=um;onf? Oa&myEd ki fi Hrsm;wGif okawoejyKcsuf (13) }udrf jyK vkyfc J h&mrSajym=um;onf? Oa&myEd ki fi Hrsm;wGif okawoejyKcsuf (13) }udrf jyK vkyfc J h&mrS,if;&v'fud kawG&S dcJ h&a=umif;/ trsK d;om; trsK d;orD; 200000 cef@ud k okawoe,if;&v'fud kawG&S dcJ h&a=umif;/ trsK d;om; trsK d;orD; 200000 cef@ud k okawoe,if;&v'fud kawG&S dcJ h&a=umif;/ trsK d;om; trsK d;orD; 200000 cef@ud k okawoe,if;&v'fud kawG&S dcJ h&a=umif;/ trsK d;om; trsK d;orD; 200000 cef@ud k okawoe,if;&v'fud kawG&S dcJ h&a=umif;/ trsK d;om; trsK d;orD; 200000 cef@ud k okawoejy Kav h vmcJ h&m tvky fyif ye f ;p Gm rem;raevkyf ud ki fo lr sm ;w Gi f ESvH k; kwfw&ufjy Kavh vmcJ h&m tvky fyif ye f; pG m rem;raev ky f ud ki fo lr sm ;wGif ESvH k ; kw fw&ufjy Kav h vmcJ h&m tvky fyif ye f ;p Gm rem;raevkyf ud ki fo lr sm ;w Gi f ESvH k; kwfw&ufjy Kavh vmcJ h&m tvky fyif ye f; pG m rem;raev ky f ud ki fo lr sm ;wGif ESvH k ; kw fw&ufjy Kavh vmcJ h&m tvkyf yi fyef ;p Gm rem;raev ky f ud ki fo lr sm ;w Gi f ESvH k; kwfw&uf

wd kufcd kufcH&r_23 &mcd ki fE _e f; y d kr d k jzpfy Gm;apa=umif; awG&S dc J honf? xk d @twl ESvH k ;wd kufcd kufcH&r_23 &mcd ki fE _e f; y d kr d k jzpfy Gm;apa=umif; awG&S dc J honf? xk d @twl ESvH k ;wd kufcd kufcH&r_23 &mcd ki fE _e f; y d kr d k jzpfy Gm;apa=umif; awG&S dc J honf? xk d @twl ESvH k ;wd kufcd kufcH&r_23 &mcd ki fE _e f; y d kr d k jzpfy Gm;apa=umif; awG&S dc J honf? xk d @twl ESvH k ;wd kufcd kufcH&r_23 &mcd ki fE _e f; y d kr d k jzpfy Gm;apa=umif; awG&S dc J honf? xk d @twl ESvH k ;a&m*gjzpfy Gm;ol trsK d ;om; trsK d ;orD;rsm;wGif tvkyfud krem;rae vkyfud ki fwwfa&m*gjzpfy Gm;ol trsK d ;om; trsK d ;orD;rsm;wGif tvkyfud krem;rae vkyfud ki fwwfa&m*gjzpfy Gm;ol trsK d ;om; trsK d ;orD;rsm;wGif tvkyfud krem;rae vkyfud ki fwwfa&m*gjzpfy Gm;ol trsK d ;om; trsK d ;orD;rsm;wGif tvkyfud krem;rae vkyfud ki fwwfa&m*gjzpfy Gm;ol trsK d ;om; trsK d ;orD;rsm;wGif tvkyfud krem;rae vkyfud ki fwwfol rsm;jzpf+yD; tvkyfwm0eftrsm; tjym;udk vkyfudkifae=u&olrsm; jzpfaea=umif;/ol rsm;jzpf+yD; tvkyfwm0eftrsm; tjym;udk vkyfudkifae=u&olrsm; jzpfaea=umif;/ol rsm;jzpf+yD; tvkyfwm0eftrsm; tjym;udk vkyfudkifae=u&olrsm; jzpfaea=umif;/ol rsm;jzpf+yD; tvkyfwm0eftrsm; tjym;udk vkyfudkifae=u&olrsm; jzpfaea=umif;/ol rsm;jzpf+yD; tvkyfwm0eftrsm; tjym;udk vkyfudkifae=u&olrsm; jzpfaea=umif;/

,if;wkd@wGif vkyfief;cGif 0ifaeonfh trsKd;om; trsKd;orD;rsm; jzpfa=umif; 4if;wdk@. okawoe jyKcsufY azmfjyxm;onf?,if;wkd@wGif vkyfief;cGif 0ifaeonfh trsKd;om; trsKd;orD;rsm; jzpfa=umif; 4if;wdk@. okawoe jyKcsufY azmfjyxm;onf?,if;wkd@wGif vkyfief;cGif 0ifaeonfh trsKd;om; trsKd;orD;rsm; jzpfa=umif; 4if;wdk@. okawoe jyKcsufY azmfjyxm;onf?,if;wkd@wGif vkyfief;cGif 0ifaeonfh trsKd;om; trsKd;orD;rsm; jzpfa=umif; 4if;wdk@. okawoe jyKcsufY azmfjyxm;onf?,if;wkd@wGif vkyfief;cGif 0ifaeonfh trsKd;om; trsKd;orD;rsm; jzpfa=umif; 4if;wdk@. okawoe jyKcsufY azmfjyxm;onf?tqdkyg trsKd;om; trsKd;orD;rsm;teuf toufarG; 0rf;ausmif; twwfynmjzihf tvkyfvkyfudkif ae=uolrsm; trsm;tjym;tqdkyg trsKd;om; trsKd;orD;rsm;teuf toufarG; 0rf;ausmif; twwfynmjzihf tvkyfvkyfudkif ae=uolrsm; trsm;tjym;tqdkyg trsKd;om; trsKd;orD;rsm;teuf toufarG; 0rf;ausmif; twwfynmjzihf tvkyfvkyfudkif ae=uolrsm; trsm;tjym;tqdkyg trsKd;om; trsKd;orD;rsm;teuf toufarG; 0rf;ausmif; twwfynmjzihf tvkyfvkyfudkif ae=uolrsm; trsm;tjym;tqdkyg trsKd;om; trsKd;orD;rsm;teuf toufarG; 0rf;ausmif; twwfynmjzihf tvkyfvkyfudkif ae=uolrsm; trsm;tjym;yg0ifaeonf[k vef'efwuUodkvfrS okawoe ynm&Sifrsm;u ajym=um;onf? odk @&mwGif ,if;wd k @teuf vkyfief;uGsrf;yg0ifaeonf[k vef'efwuUodkvfrS okawoe ynm&Sifrsm;u ajym=um;onf? odk @&mwGif ,if;wd k @teuf vkyfief;uGsrf;yg0ifaeonf[k vef'efwuUodkvfrS okawoe ynm&Sifrsm;u ajym=um;onf? odk @&mwGif ,if;wd k @teuf vkyfief;uGsrf;yg0ifaeonf[k vef'efwuUodkvfrS okawoe ynm&Sifrsm;u ajym=um;onf? odk @&mwGif ,if;wd k @teuf vkyfief;uGsrf;yg0ifaeonf[k vef'efwuUodkvfrS okawoe ynm&Sifrsm;u ajym=um;onf? odk @&mwGif ,if;wd k @teuf vkyfief;uGsrf;usifaom 0efxrf;rsm;vnf; yg0ifa=umif; azmf jyxm;onf? (tifwmeuf)usifaom 0efxrf;rsm;vnf; yg0ifa=umif; azmf jyxm;onf? (tifwmeuf)usifaom 0efxrf;rsm;vnf; yg0ifa=umif; azmf jyxm;onf? (tifwmeuf)usifaom 0efxrf;rsm;vnf; yg0ifa=umif; azmf jyxm;onf? (tifwmeuf)usifaom 0efxrf;rsm;vnf; yg0ifa=umif; azmf jyxm;onf? (tifwmeuf)

pkpnf;bmomjyef - armifcsp f =unfpkpnf;bmomjyef - armifcsp f =unfpkpnf;bmomjyef - armifcsp f =unfpkpnf;bmomjyef - armifcsp f =unfpkpnf;bmomjyef - armifcsp f =unf

vlxkusef;rma&; (tvkyfudk rem;raevkyfudkifvSsif ESvHk;a&m*g xdcdkufcHpm;&Edkif)vlxkusef;rma&; (tvkyfudk rem;raevkyfudkifvSsif ESvHk;a&m*g xdcdkufcHpm;&Edkif)vlxkusef;rma&; (tvkyfudk rem;raevkyfudkifvSsif ESvHk;a&m*g xdcdkufcHpm;&Edkif)vlxkusef;rma&; (tvkyfudk rem;raevkyfudkifvSsif ESvHk;a&m*g xdcdkufcHpm;&Edkif)vlxkusef;rma&; (tvkyfudk rem;raevkyfudkifvSsif ESvHk;a&m*g xdcdkufcHpm;&Edkif)


7/24



Edk0ifbmv 2012

pmrsufESm (7)

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the burmese journal (november-2012)

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