the civil rights movement: chapter 38 review. what rights are worth fighting for? are all americans...
TRANSCRIPT
The Civil Rights The Civil Rights Movement:Movement: Chapter 38 ReviewChapter 38 Review
What Rights are worth fighting for?
Are all Americans entitled to the same civil rights?
What are the risks of demanding rights?Why might some people fight against
equal rights?Do we have true equality today in the
United States?
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Growth of the Civil Rights Movement
Truman ends segregation in armed forces 1948
Congress refuses to pass civil rights legislation
Jim Crow still ruled the SouthDecision of civil rights left up to the
Supreme Court head by Chief Justice Earl Warren
Brown v.Brown v. Board of Board of
Education Education of Topeka of Topeka
19541954
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Began w/ Rosa Parks Dec. 1st 1955Lasted 1 yearGave rise to 27year old Rev. Martin Luther
King
Little Rock Nine
September 1957- Central High School was to enroll 9 black students
Gov. Orval Faubus of Arkansas mobilized the National Guard to keep the students from entering
President Eisenhower sent in troops to escort children to their classes
Death of Emmett Till- 1955
His death caused a serge in the Civil Rights Movement
Showed the brutality of southern violence towards African-Americans
created outrage across the nation
Emmett Till
Martin Luther King Jr.
Formed the Southern Christian Leadership Conference 1957
Mobilized black churches to work towards black rights
Believed in peaceful demonstrations1st phase of Civil Rights Movement
Civil Rights Act 1957passed under Eisenhower
Set up a civil rights commission to investigate violations of civil rights and authorized federal gov. to protect voting rights
“ “Sit-In”Sit-In”
Student Non-violent Coordination Student Non-violent Coordination
Committee Committee
Freedom RideFreedom Ride 1961 1961
James Meredith
Won case allowing him to enroll at University of Mississippi
Gov. Barnett would not let him registerPresident Kennedy ordered federal
marshalsRiots erupted lasting 15 hours
Children Take ActionChildren Take Action Birmingham, Alabama April 1963 Birmingham, Alabama April 1963
Children in Jail
President Kennedy Acts
June 11, 1963 sends troops to University of Alabama to enforce desegregation
Calls for new civil rights legislationMLK “March on Washington”
Kennedy AssassinationKennedy unable to pass Civil Rights
Legislation due to southern democrats
Fight continued by Lyndon B. Johnson
Civil Rights Act of 1964- banned discrimination based on sex, race, religion
Voting Rights Acts of 1965- eliminated literacy tests in the South
Robert KennedyRobert Kennedy
Watts, Watts, Los Los
AngelesAngeles
Black Power
2nd phase of Civil Rights movementCivil Rights movement changes from non-
violence protests of MLK to use of force tactics of Malcolm X
Nation of Islam Elijah Muhammad
19651965
Black Muslims
Nation of Islam (Black Muslims)Belief that Blacks should separate from
white society as whites caused their condition
Malcolm X was a follower believed in armed self defense
In March 1964 Malcolm left the Nation of Islalm and established his own religious organization, the Organization of Afro-American Unity.
advocated world brotherhood. blamed racism on Western culture and urged
African Americans to join with sympathetic whites.
Malcolm X was shot dead at a party meeting in Harlem on 21st February, 1965. Three Black Muslims were later convicted of the murder.
2828
Black Panthers
Began in Oakland, Ca.Led by Stokely Carmichael“Black Power”
April 4, 1968- MLK AssassinationApril 4, 1968- MLK Assassination
June 5,1968June 5,1968Robert Kennedy AssassinationRobert Kennedy Assassination