The Civil WarThe Civil War

Important Battles & EventsImportant Battles & Events

Abraham Lincoln & Jefferson Abraham Lincoln & Jefferson DavisDavis

The Battle of Antietam The Battle of Antietam September 17, 1862September 17, 1862

► General Robert E. Lee crosses General Robert E. Lee crosses the Potomac River into the Potomac River into Maryland – looking for Maryland – looking for supplies.supplies.

► Lee met Union General Lee met Union General George McClelland in George McClelland in Antietam (both forces Antietam (both forces fought).fought).

► Took place between the Took place between the Antietam Creek & the town of Antietam Creek & the town of Sharpsburg, Md.Sharpsburg, Md.

► Battle ended in a draw, but Battle ended in a draw, but was also called the “Bloodiest was also called the “Bloodiest Day of the War” (24,000 Day of the War” (24,000 deaths). deaths). More soldiers killed in this battle More soldiers killed in this battle

than in any other American war than in any other American war before…before…

Antietam – Bloodiest Day of the Antietam – Bloodiest Day of the WarWar

The Battle of Gettysburg The Battle of Gettysburg July 1, 2, & 3 1863July 1, 2, & 3 1863

► General Lee needed supplies for the Confederate General Lee needed supplies for the Confederate Army.Army.

► If the Confederacy could capture a major Union city, If the Confederacy could capture a major Union city, they would have a good chance to win the war. they would have a good chance to win the war.

► Robert E. Lee’s troops ran into George Meade’s troops Robert E. Lee’s troops ran into George Meade’s troops in a small Pennsylvania town called Gettysburg. (3 in a small Pennsylvania town called Gettysburg. (3 days of fighting; 51,000 deaths).days of fighting; 51,000 deaths).

► Gettysburg was the turning point in the war; the Gettysburg was the turning point in the war; the Union was now confident that they would win the war. Union was now confident that they would win the war.

GettysburgGettysburg

Gettysburg – Little Round Gettysburg – Little Round TopTop

Chickamauga Chickamauga September 19 – 20, 1863September 19 – 20, 1863

► Union forces crossed over the Union forces crossed over the Georgia border from Georgia border from Tennessee.Tennessee.

► Union General William Union General William Rosencrans led his troops Rosencrans led his troops against Confederate General against Confederate General Braxton Bragg at Braxton Bragg at Chickamauga Creek. Chickamauga Creek.

► The Confederates won the The Confederates won the battle, but did not follow up on battle, but did not follow up on the Union retreat, allowing the the Union retreat, allowing the Union to capture Chattanooga Union to capture Chattanooga in November, and set up for in November, and set up for the March on Atlanta.the March on Atlanta.

From Fort Sumter to the Union From Fort Sumter to the Union Blockade of the South Blockade of the South

► The Union had military The Union had military bases in Charleston bases in Charleston South Carolina.South Carolina.

► The Confederacy asked The Confederacy asked the Union to give up the Union to give up their military base (Fort their military base (Fort Sumter).Sumter).

► After the Union After the Union refused, fighting began refused, fighting began on April 12, 1861, and on April 12, 1861, and lasted two days.lasted two days.

Pictures of the Battle at Fort Pictures of the Battle at Fort SumterSumter

Union Blockade of Southern Union Blockade of Southern PortsPorts

► After the loss at Fort After the loss at Fort Sumter, Lincoln Sumter, Lincoln declared a naval declared a naval blockade blockade (confederate (confederate ships could not enter or ships could not enter or leave the South). leave the South).

► The purpose of the The purpose of the blockade was to stop blockade was to stop resources (weapons, resources (weapons, ammunition, clothing, ammunition, clothing, and food) from entering and food) from entering or leaving the South.or leaving the South.

Emancipation Proclamation Emancipation Proclamation September of 1862September of 1862

► President Lincoln President Lincoln issued the issued the Emancipation Emancipation Proclamation Proclamation A document stating that A document stating that

unless the Confederacy unless the Confederacy surrendered, all slaves in surrendered, all slaves in rebelling states would be rebelling states would be freed on January 1, 1863. freed on January 1, 1863.

► Lincoln hoped the CSA Lincoln hoped the CSA would surrender & end would surrender & end the warthe war

Sherman Heads SouthSherman Heads South

►1864 brought bad times to the South, 1864 brought bad times to the South, especially Georgiaespecially Georgia

►Union General William Techumseh Union General William Techumseh Sherman launched his Atlanta CampaignSherman launched his Atlanta Campaign Several battles fought from Tennessee to Several battles fought from Tennessee to

AtlantaAtlanta The Battle of Kennesaw Mtn. led to heavy The Battle of Kennesaw Mtn. led to heavy

Union losses, but did not deter the Union Union losses, but did not deter the Union forcesforces

The Atlanta Campaign & The Atlanta Campaign & Sherman’s March to the SeaSherman’s March to the Sea

► Sherman’s army marched into Atlanta in September Sherman’s army marched into Atlanta in September of 1865of 1865 The soldiers looted the city and set it on fire on November The soldiers looted the city and set it on fire on November

1515thth

► Sherman divides his army into 2 columns and begins Sherman divides his army into 2 columns and begins to march towards Savannahto march towards Savannah As they move along the countryside, the Union forces torch As they move along the countryside, the Union forces torch

and destroy everything in their sightand destroy everything in their sight► Known as “Total War” or a “Scorched Earth Policy”Known as “Total War” or a “Scorched Earth Policy”

► Sherman & his troops took control of Savannah in Sherman & his troops took control of Savannah in December of 1864December of 1864

The Atlanta CampaignThe Atlanta Campaign

Sherman’s March to the SeaSherman’s March to the Sea

ShermanSherman’s ’s

telegraptelegraph to h to

Lincoln Lincoln offering offering SavannaSavanna

h as a h as a “gift”“gift”

AndersonvilleAndersonville

►Confederate military prisonConfederate military prison Housed captured Union soldiersHoused captured Union soldiers

►Approximately 45,000 men were sent Approximately 45,000 men were sent herehere Close to 13,000 died hereClose to 13,000 died here Highest death rate of any Civil War prisonHighest death rate of any Civil War prison

►Conditions were horribleConditions were horrible Overcrowded, exposure to the elements, Overcrowded, exposure to the elements,

insects, disease and malnutritioninsects, disease and malnutrition

AndersonvilleAndersonville