the crusades and the wider world section 8-3 pages 69-74
TRANSCRIPT
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The Crusades and the
Wider World
Section 8-3 Pages 69-74
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Warm Up
• How does the artist portray the crusades?• Whose side is the artists on?
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The World in 1050
• The world outside of Europe is thriving
• The Seljuk Turks begin their invasion of the Byzantine Empire, capturing it in 1071 – Holy Land under Muslim control – Muslims attack Christian pilgrims
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The Crusades
• Pope Urban II issues a call for Christians to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslim control
• Motives: – Religious zeal – Wealth and land – Adventure
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The Crusades
• Victories and Defeats: – First Crusade (1099) • Christians capture Jerusalem and massacre Muslims
and Jews• Crusaders divide land into 4 small states
– Second Crusade (1187)• Muslims recapture Jerusalem
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The Crusades
• Victory and Defeat– Third Crusade
• Muslims, led by Saladin, retain control of Jerusalem
• Jerusalem was open to Christians
– Fourth Crusade • Christians fight Byzantine
merchants • Traders capture and loot
Constantinople in 1204
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Effects of Crusades on Europe
• Economic Expansion – New goods introduced to Europe – Increased trade with Middle East – Strengthening of the money
economy
• Increased Power for Monarchs – Rulers have increased power to
collect taxes for Crusades – Some rulers fight in Crusades,
increasing their prestige King Richard I of England, who led the Third Crusade
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Effects of the Crusades on Europe
• The Church – Papacy reaches all-time height
of power – No reconciliation between
Eastern and Western Churches
• A Wider Worldview – Europeans curious about new
lands – Marco Polo travels to China – New desire for exploration
Map of Marco Polo’s Journey
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The Reconquista in Spain
• Reconquista: Spanish attempt to drive Muslims from Spain.
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella Leading Reconquistadors
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The Reconquista in Spain
• Ferdinand and Isabella – Determined to bring
political and religious unity to Spain
– End religious toleration – Use Inquisition to launch
crusade against Muslims and Jews
Christian Reconquistadors Fight Muslims in Spain.