The English Civil War

Targets

• 1. Identify and describe the causes of

the English Civil War

• 2. Identify the military innovation of

Gustavus Adolphus as they used by the

English forces.

English Civil War

• Parliament (Oliver Cromwell)

“Roundheads” vs. Royalists “Cavaliers”

(King Charles I)

Causes• 1. Charles wanted to unite England,

Scotland, and Ireland

• Parliament became suspicious

• Parliament had a large role in English society

• 2. Charles married a Catholic Princess

• -England is a Protestant country

• -fear of a Catholic heir

• 3. Charles “personal rule”

• -10 years of not calling parliament

• -parliament in charge of taxes (gotten by other means)

• 4.Charles wanted to get involved in 30 years war

• -increase of taxes

Oliver Cromwell• Member of parliament

who fought for them against King. (“Roundheads”)

• Protestant

• One of many generals but was the most capable

• Started the war leading one cavalry unity but was soon promoted to leader of all army

History vs. Hollywood: Cromwell• What to look for:

• 1. Battle of Edge Hill

• 2. Creation of Cromwell’s

“New Model Army”

• 3. Battle of Naseby

• 4. The innovations of

Gustavus Adolphus

Impact of War• 1. Trial and execution of

Charles I

• 2. Protestant domination

in England

• 3. English Monarch loses

power

• Cannot rule without

consent of Parliament

4. Cromwell conquers

Ireland and Scotland

5. Religious persecution