the french revolution · 2. turgot 3. commons and louis xvi 4. tennis court oath—june 20, 1789:...

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The French Revolution

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Page 1: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

The French Revolution

Page 2: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

I. The Three Estates

A. 1st Estate 1. Tithes and Taxes

2. Influence on Government

B. 2nd Estate 1. Landlords

2. Didn’t Pay Taxes

C. 3rd Estate 1. Merchant Middle Class

2. Peasants

D. Estates General—Not since 1614

Page 3: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

I. The Three Estates

E. Louis XVI—1774-1793

1. Aid to Americans

2. Marie Antionette

Page 4: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

The Three Estates

E. Louis XVI—1774-1793

1. Aid to Americans

2. Marie Antionette

Page 5: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

II. Financial Crisis

A. Debt

1. Royal Spending

2. Wars

B. Tariffs and taxes

1. Tariffs and External Trade

2. Internal Tariffs

3. Taxation

Page 6: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

II. Financial Crisis

C. Burdens on Peasants 1. Gabelle

2. Consumption Taxes

3. Tithes

4. Taille

5. Vingtieme

6. Capitation

7. Corvee

8. Usage Taxes

9. Rent

10. Effect of Tax Burden

Page 7: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

II. Financial Crisis

D. Legal Inequity

1. Buying of Legal Positions

2. Fees and Effect on Peasants

E. Attempts at Reform

1. Jacques Turgot and Jacques Necker

2. Parliament

3. Charles Alexandre de Calone

Page 8: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

II. Financial Crisis

F. Famine and Poverty

1. Little Ice Age

2. Hail Storms

3. Price of Bread

4. Peasant Income and Spending

5. Potato?

6. Urbanization

Page 9: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

III. The Summer of 1789

A. The Estates General

1. May 5, 1789—Membership

2. Turgot

3. Commons and Louis XVI

4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly

Page 10: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

Tennis Court Oath

Page 11: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

III. The Summer of 1789

B. The Bastille

1. Louis XVI

2. Jacques Necker

3. July 17, 1789

4. Army

5. Louis XVI

Page 12: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

III. The Summer of 1789

C. The Great Fear

1. Peasants

2. August Days

3. Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen

Page 13: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

III. The Summer of 1789

D. The March on Versailles—October 5, 1789

1. Parisian Women

2. Fighting

3. Marie Antoinette?

Page 14: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

IV. New Cosntitutions

A. Civil Constitution of the Clergy—July 12, 1790

1. Distrust of Clergy

2. Civil Constitution

3. Split of Clergy—Pope Pius VI

B. Constitution of 1791

1. Constitutional Monarchy

2. Enclosure Movement

3. War

4. Features of Government

Page 15: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

V. War and Counter Revolution

A. Flight to Varennes

1. Power to Queen

2. June 12, 1791

3. Varennes

Page 16: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

V. War and Counter Revolution

B. Jacobins

1. Egalitarian

2. Republican

Page 17: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

V. War and Counter Revolution

C. Fear of Outside Monarchs

1. August 1791—Austria and Prussia

2. Girondists—April 1792

3. Austrian Threat

4. First republic—September 21, 1792

5. Louis and Marie

6. Paris Commune

Page 18: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

IV. Counter Revolution

D. Sans-Coulettes

1. Want

a. Equality

b. Monarchy and Aristocracy

c. Communal Property

2. Gaining Power

3. Louis XVI—Jan. 31, 1793

4. War—England, Holland, and Spain

Page 19: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

VI. Reign of Terror—Sep. 1793-July 1794

A. Constitution of 1793—Republic with Universal Suffrage

B. The Committee of Public Safety

1. The Mountain

2. Jean-Paul Marat, George Jacques Danton, Maximillian Robespiere

3. Murder of Marat

Page 20: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

VI. Reign of Terror—Sep. 1793-July 1794

C. Economics and the terror

1. Bread Shortage and Prices

2. Law of the Maximum

3. Peasant Revolt

D. The War in the Vendee

1. Peasants and Royalists

2. Warfare and Results

3. Revolutionary Government

Page 21: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

VI. Reign of Terror—Sep. 1793-July 1794

E. Tribunals

1. Danton

2. Political enemies

3. Purging of Danton

Page 22: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

VI. Reign of Terror—Sep. 1793-July 1794

F. Maximillian Robbespierre

1. “The Incorruptible”

2. Revolutionary Calendar

3. Law of 22 Praial

4. Christainity

5. July 27, 1794

Page 23: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

VI. Reign of Terror—Sep. 1793-July 1794

G. Results

1. Total dead

2. Who was killed

3. Terror Worked

Page 24: The French Revolution · 2. Turgot 3. Commons and Louis XVI 4. Tennis Court Oath—June 20, 1789: National Constituent Assembly . Tennis Court Oath . III. The Summer of 1789 B. The

VII. Termidorean Reacation 1795-1799

A. Constitution of 1795

1. Bicameral Legislature

2. The Directory

B. Corruption and Overthrow

1. Election of 1797

2. Directory

3. Napoleon Bonaparte