the geo model web
DESCRIPTION
The geo Model web. Stefano nativi, paolo mazzetti , gary geller. CNR-IIA ESSI-lab, NASA JPL. July 2012. [email protected]. ?. How will CC affect infection rate of dengue fever in Vietnam?. What if…. ?. Socioeconomic Fossil Fuel Use Model. Data. Observational Data - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
THE GEO MODEL W
EB
S T E FA N O NA T I V
I , P A O L O M
A Z Z E T T I , G A R Y
G E L L E R
C N R - I IA E
S S I -L A B ,
N A S A JP L
July 2012
WHAT IF…
Global ClimateModel
RegionalClimate Model
InfectionRate Model
Human Population Density and Distribution Model
Vector NicheModel
Infection Rates
How will CC affect infection rateof dengue fever in Vietnam?
Deforestation/Disturbance Model
Observational Data(environment &vector distribution)
Data Data
Data
Data
SocioeconomicFossil Fuel Use Model
Data
??
ELEMENTS …
Business Process
Data
Model
Link/Interface
Vocabularies
How will CC affect infection rateof dengue fever in Vietnam?
??
Knowledge Base
DiscoveryEvaluateAccessUse
Data O&M Data O&M Data CollectionsServices (interface/link)
ModelsBusiness Processes
Vocabularies/thesauriKnowledge bases
A CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE …
Actions
Resources
MODELS ACCESSIBILITY AND INTEROPERABILITY: AN EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS
dedicated tools
technological framework
CBA, SOA
Accessibility & Interoperability
(MaaS)
Time/technology
Model Web
CBA: Component-Based ArchitectureSOA: Service-Oriented Software
EXISTING TOOLSTools to run simulations (e.g. OpenModeller)
Benefit: facilitate designs that are targeted to specific communities
Concern: can be difficult to integrate the tools into more complex scenarios
An evolution of this approach is represented by nanoFORGE/nanoHub offers a variety of simulation tools that users can access from web browser without installing software
EXISTING FRAMEWORKSDesign and adopt frameworks (e.g. Object
Modelling System, ModCom, the Invisible Modelling Environment, the Open Modelling Interface: OpenMI, the Spatial Modelling Environment: SME, Tarsier, Interactive Component Modelling System: ICMS, Earth System Modeling Framework: ESMF, SEAMLESS-IF , ….)Benefit: provide valuable functionality Concern: impose constraints on model developers and integrators, such as requiring a specific programming language or development/deployment platform
The adoption of Component-Based Architectures (CBAs), and SOA solutions help to overcome some obstacles in the interoperability
KNOWLEDGE BASESURR is a knowledge base Application = BP (with User’s
feedbacks) Lexicon = Vocabulary
• Gazetteers are knowledge bases, as well (e.g. event gazetteers)
BP ACCESSIBILITY AND INTEROPERABILITY: AN EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS
dedicated tools
WF-basedframework
SOA
Accessibility & Interoperability
(BPaaS)
Time/technology
Model Web
GENERAL USE CASE
A• Create or
Edit an abstract BP
B• Compile
the abstract BP
C• Execute
the BP
D• Return
the output to the User
USER
Define and run a Business Process to answer to “What if..”
BPBrokers
WF engineBP editor
Middleware
Knowledge BasesBP Libraries
WHAT IS MISSING ..Components
(abstract) Business Process editor
URR platform Semantic BrokerBusiness Process brokerBP CompilerDiscovery BrokerAccess BrokerBusiness Process engineWF engine
BUSINESS PROCESS COMPILER
A-BP• Read an abstract BP
IntermediateBP
• Pre-process the abstract BP to an Executable BP
E-BP
• Identify BP input/output
Annotated
WF-ENGINE E-BP
• Read an E-BP
I/O• Input ingestion
Run• WF execution
Outcome
• Publish the outcome(s)
IT IS NOT YET ANOTHER WF TECHNOLOGY
Business Process EditorBusiness Process
BrokerWF platform Knowledge Base
POSSIBLE USER SCENARIOS• Belmount Forum call (Norman Miller et
al.)•Freshwater Security in the Limpopo Basins: Linking Science, Policy Making, and Public in a Trans-Boundary, Climate Sensitive River Basin to Increase Resilience to Extreme Events•Climate Vulnerability and Risks of Urban Coasts: A Best Practice for Prioritizing Adaptation
USER SCENARIOS (FOR CITIZEN SCIENCE)Objective Ozone production on the Mediterranean Basin Impact of Ships / electricity generation / road traffic / …. Effect on public HealthScientific patrons CNR-IIA Harvard Univ (TBC) EPA (TBC) Approach Play with the emission source sectors, run the model, and assess the
impact on air quality parameters Play with the emissions of large conurbation Include human health datasets (e.g. asthma outbreaks spatial
distribution Statistical analysis
MODEL WEB
C H A L L E N G E S
VISIONA dynamic web of models, integrated with databases and websites, to form a consultative infrastructure where researchers, managers, policy makers, and the general public can go to gain insight into “what if” questions
INTRODUCTIONIntegrating models into more complex, tightly
coupled model systems has been done for decades and has led to great progress in predictive capabilities
The idea of bringing together independent models to form loosely coupled model systems has existed in various forms for some timetechnological challenges and other constraints have limited progress
The concept of model access by Web services (called “Model as a Service”: MaaS) has been around for several yearsmodel interfaces have been designed and tested to expose the models as web services
THE MODEL WEB BASIC PRINCIPLES Basic principles that facilitate organic and
opportunistic growthOpen access
anybody can create a service to share their model and anybody (or any machine) can access it
Minimal barriers to entryminimize the entry barriers of both resource providers and users
Interface-driven approachModel access is provided by an Interface (service or resource based)
ScalabilityDistributed approach
Distributed systemResources distributionSystem of SystemsOrganic GrowthNo Single Point of Failure;
Interoperability Arrangements;
Systems autonomy.
WWWScalability;Low entry barrier;Organic Growth.Semantic WebReasoning;Conceptual Composability.Web 2.0Low entry barrier:user-centered design;collaboration on the WWW
THE MODEL WEB ARCHITECTURE
Abstract
Implementation
CHALLENGES
Technical challenges• Information
modelling• Minimal
interoperability agreement
• High performance• Long-term access
Non-technical challenges• Model-Related
challenges• Cultural, and
Social, challenges• Organizational and
Institutional challenges
MINIMAL INTEROPERABILITY AGREEMENTS
• Adopt the Brokering principles to implement a System of Systems• Provides the necessary intermediary services (Brokers) to solve
mismatches
Modeling resourcesData resources
Tools/Applications
Brokering services
KnowledgeBase
Tech
HIGH PERFORMANCE CHALLENGE
• Environmental model workflows may require a great amount of computing power and storage space
• Scalability is important• To leverage existing solutions and systems
proposed for High Throughput Computing (HTC) and High Performance Computing (HPC)
• Stand-alone systems super-computers, clusters, General Purpose Graphical Processing Units
• Distributed Computing Infrastructures (DCIs)Grids and Clouds
Tech
HIGH PERFORMANCE CHALLENGE • Model and model workflows cannot be simply “ported”
on top of a DCI• in a Model Web view, a DCI should be integrated as
one of the many autonomous systems (according to the System-of-Systems principle)
• Model must be accessed through specific services implemented on top of the DCI
Tech
LONG TERM ACCESS CHALLENGETo new approaches are applicable to the
Model Web
Standardization is a means for addressing interoperability by reducing the heterogeneityMetadata specifications ( see ModelMetadata) may include preservation information according to existing standards like the Open Archival Information System (OAIS).
Virtualization is an emulation approach virtual hardware/software platform runs on a different hardware/software platform through a virtual machine
virtualization is an important trend in current IT, and is at the basis of Cloud Computing.
Tech
GEO GEOSS• The Model Web concept is being
developed within the framework of GEO (Group on Earth Observations) and GEOSS (Global Earth Observation System of Systems; GEOSS, 2005)
• It is a specific task led by NASA, IEEE, the European Commission (EC), and the National Research Council of Italy (CNR)
ON-GOING DEVELOPMENTModel Web growth is still in the early stages However there are already some significant
activitiesGEO pilots (e.g. CC impact on Biodiversity and ecosystem changes; ecosystem uniqueness analysis, etc.)
FP7 projects (e.g. Brokering framework; uncertainty propagation for resources chaining; MaaS development, CaaS development, etc.)
NASA programs (e.g. NEX provides virtual modelling resources, including supercomputer access; accessibility to Terrestrial Observation and Prediction System: TOPS and Regional Ocean Modeling System: ROMS, etc.)
Thank you !
Questions ?