The influence of final consonants on some Vietnamese tones spoken in Udon Thani province, Thailand

Songgot PaanchiangwongPh.D candidate

Faculty of Linguistics and Vietnamese studyUniversity of Social Sciences and Humanities

Hanoi National University, VietnamSonggot_p@yahoo.com

Aim of this paper

To find out the dialect of Vietnamese spoken

in Udon Thani province, Thailand

Introduction to Udon Thani province

Introduction to Vietnamese immigrants in Udon Thani province, Thailand

The Vietnamese immigrants call themselves as “Viêt kiêu”.

Old Vietnamese immigrants “Viêt kiêu cu” New Vietnamese immigrants “Viêt kiêu mơi”

The old Vietnamese immigrants “Viêt kiêu cu”

Since 1656 – 1688

Until 1824 - 1910

The new Vietnamese immigrants “Viêt kiêu mơi”

During World War II (around 1945)

Proportion of Vietnamese immigrantsin Udon Thani, Thailand

Hypothesis of this paper

Therefore most of Vietnamese immigrants in Udon Thani came from the Central of Vietnam, the Vietnamese spoken in Udon thani should be Central dialect.

Findings

1. There are 6 tones.

2. Two groups of final consonants which influence on

some tones;

2.1 Nasal; / m /, / n /, / ŋ /.

2.2 Voiceless Stop; / p /, / t /, / k /.

3. Three tones are influenced by those final consonants. They are:

3.1 Tone “Nga”

3.2 Tone “Săc”

3.3 Tone “Năng”

4. Others tone can be pronounced as the same in Vietnam

1. Nasal influences on tone “Nga”

(A) “Nga” with others400-

300-

200- “ro”“ngư”

“rôi”100-

(B) “Nga” with Nasal 400-

300-

200-

“dương”

“nhiêm”“nhân”

100-

2. Voiceless Stop influences on tone “Săc” (A) “Săc” with others400-

300-

200- “co”“đên”“miêng”

100-

(B) “Săc” with Voiceless stop400-

300-

200- “chât”“lăp”“oc”

100-

3. Voiceless Stop influences on tone “Năng”

(A) “Năng” with others400-

300-

200-

“lao xao” “phu”100- “đôi”

(B) “Năng” with Voiceless stop400-

300-

200- “măt”“duc”“lâp”

100-

By comparison with the works of

“Đoan Thiên Thuât”and

“Hoang Thi Châu”

The comparison of tone “Nga”

Vnm in Udon Thani400-

(A) (B) 300-

200-

100-

Hanoi dialect 400-

(A) (B)

300-

200-

100-

The comparison of tone “Săc”

Vnm in Udon Thani400- (B) (A)

300-

200-

100-

Hanoi dialect 400- (B) (A)

300-

200-

100-

The comparison of tone “Năng”

Vnm in Udon Thani400-

300-

200-

(B) (A)100-

Hanoi dialect 400-

300-

200-

(B) (A)100-

Conclusion

The Vietnamese tone spoken in Udon Thani, Thailand, has characteristic as below:

there are 6 tones as the North Vietnamese.

tone “Nga”, “Săc”, “Năng” are the same pronunciation as in Hanoi dialect.

References

• Thai• Burutphat, Khachatphai. Immigrated Vietnamese. Duang Kamol publishing, • Bangkok, Thailand, 1978.• Srichampa, Sophana. Encyclopedia of ethnology in Thailand : Vietnam. • Institute of Language and Culture for rural development, Mahidol University,• Thailand, 2005.• Sripana, Thanyathip. Viet Kieu in Thailand in Thai-Vietnamese Relationship. • Institute of Asia Study, Chulalongkhorn University, Thailand, 2005.• English• Thompson L.C., A Vietnamese reference grammar, Mon-khmer Studies XII-XIV, edited • by Stephen O’Harrow, University of Hawaii, 1984-1985.• Vietnamese• Đoan Thiên Thuât. Ngư âm tiêng Viêt. The third edition, Hanoi National University,• Hanoi, Vietnam, 2004.• Hoang Thi Châu. Phương ngư hoc tiêng Viêt. Hanoi National University, Hanoi, • Vietnam, 2004.• Lê Quang Thiêm. Nghiên cưu đôi chiêu cac ngôn ngư, Hanoi National University,• Hanoi, Vietnam, 2004.• Nguyên Văn Phưc. Ngư âm tiêng Viêt thưc hanh, University of Social Sciences and• Humanities, National University, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2004.• Trân Tri Doi. Khai quat vê ngư âm tiêng viêt, Cơ sơ tiêng Viêt, Culture and information • publishing, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2000. • Vu Văn Thi. Môt sô vân đê day ngư âm va chư viêt tiêng Viet cho ngươi nươc ngoai.• Magazine of Langauge, number 2, Vietnam, 2004, 41-48.•

Thank you for your attention