The New South: Life After

Reconstruction (1877-early

1900’s)

developed by Jennifer Zecher, Cynthia Ross, and Melissa Vanderbusso at Park View High School

NEXT TIME/SOON:

We will…

You will be able to…

• Learn about the history of “Jim Crow” laws in the United States and its impact

on modern society.

Today in class…

•Give specific examples of what

daily life would be like for an

African American living under

Jim Crow laws.

• Discover key African –

Americans of the period and

their contributions to society.

January 22, 2010

LanguageSocial Studies

•Read, listen to, and discuss

verbal and visual information

about the Jim Crow era.

•Read, listen to and discuss song

lyrics.

•Write an empathetic essay as an

African American living under Jim

Crow laws.

Jim Crow Laws

• The name of the racial caste system which operated primarily in southern and border states between 1877 and the mid-1960s.

• African Americanswere relegated to the status of second class citizens.

Where did the name Jim Crow

come from?• named after and

African American caricature “Jump Jim Crow”

• White man in black face would do this dance.

• Used as a racial slur

Examples of Jim Crow Laws

• The marriage of a person of Caucasian blood with a Negro,

Mongolian, Malay, or Hindu shall be null and void. Arizona

• No colored barber shall serve as a barber [to] white women or girls.

Georgia

• Books shall not be interchangeable between the white and colored

schools, but shall continue to be used by the race first using them.

North Carolina

• The conductors or managers on all such railroads shall have power,

and are hereby required, to assign to each white or colored passenger

his or her respective car, coach or compartment. If the passenger fails

to disclose his race, the conductor and managers, acting in good faith,

shall be the sole judges of his race. Virginia

Song: Black, Brown, and White

• Sung by blues singer Big Bill Broonzy

• Recorded in 1951.

• While you are listening to the song, please highlight examples of discrimination.

Song: Strange Fruit

• Song by Billie

Holliday in the 1930s.

• What is the strange

fruit?

• What kind of reaction

do you think people

had to this song?

Real Life Scenario

• On November 8, 1889, an African

American Owen Anderson of Leesburg,

Virginia put a bag on his head and

frightened a white female friend as they

walked to school. What was his

punishment?

Lynchings

Ida B. Wells-Barnett

• Anti-lynching crusader,

suffragist, women’s rights

advocate, journalist and

public speaker.

• One of the founding

members of NAACP.

• Opposed Booker T.

Washington’s positions

and strategies.

COLORED WATER FOUNTAIN

WHITE’S ONLY

TRAVEL DEPOTS

DUAL PURPOSE?RESTROOM FOR WHITES IN FRONT>DINING ROOM FOR BLACKS IN REAR

CARVER SCHOOL

PURCELLVILLE

MR. SIMMS

ATTENDED

SEGREGATED ELEMENTARY

White Palace

SEGREGATED THEATRE

TALLY-HO

LEESBURG

VIRGINIA

DOUGLASS HIGH

LOUDOUN’S BLACK HIGH SCHOOL

LAST GRADUATION 1968

HISTORY OF DOUGLASS

The school stands on land purchased by African Americans and presented to the county school board in 1940. Though the building was paid for with public funds, the black community raised money for furnishings, laboratory equipment, and band instruments. Named for Frederick Douglass, a former slave and prominent abolitionist, the school operated as the county's first and only black high school from its opening in 1941 until the termination of segregated education in 1968.

LOUDOUN COUNTY HISTORY

1875-1908: The following towns draw their corporate limits to exclude Negro sections: Hamilton (1875), Lovettsville (1876), Hillsboro (1880), Round Hill (1900), and Purcellville (1908).

LOUDOUN COUNTY HISTORY

1925: The average annual salary for white teachers is $836.10, for black teachers, $358.12. Starting salaries are $520 and $315. The yearly cost to educate a white child is $29.27, a black child, $9.81.

White School (1935 South

Carolina)

Colored/Black School (1935

South Carolina)

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

• Homer Plessy’s great

grandmother was black.

• Arrested for violating

Louisiana segregation

laws on railway cars.

• Supreme Court established

segregation to be legal.

• Declaring “separate but

equal” the law of the

land.

Booker T. Washington (1856-

1915)• American educator,

leader, and author of the African American community.

• Born into slavery and wrote an autobiography Up From Slavery.

• Established Tuskegee University in Alabama.

Booker T. Washington

(continued)

• Supported segregation in speech. Claiming that blacks and whites could exist as separate fingers of a hand.

• Whites supported speech, but many black leaders opposed Washington’s accommodation philosophy.

W.E.B. DuBois (1868-1963)

• African American civil rights leader, sociologist, educator, and historian.

• Wrote The Souls of Black Folk

• Opposed Booker T. Washington.

• Wanted full rights NOW!

• Born free in Massachusetts.

• Earned many degrees from top institutions like Fisk and Harvard.

W.E.B. DuBois (1868-1963)

• Founded NAACP in 1909.

• “The problem of the 20th

century will be the color line.”

• Niagara Movement-freedom of speech, the recognition of the highest and best human training, full male suffrage.

New York Post Cartoon

In-class Assignment

• Write at least a one page empathetic essay

as an African American teenager living

under Jim Crow laws in Loudoun County,

Virginia. Be sure to discuss your feelings,

thoughts, and examples of daily life in your

essay. Remember, an empathetic essay is

written in the first person. (Using I).

NEXT TIME/SOON:

We will…

You will be able to…

• Learn about the history of “Jim Crow” laws in the United States and its impact

on modern society.

Today in class…

•Give specific examples of what

daily life would be like for an

African American living under

Jim Crow laws.

• Discover key African –

Americans of the period and

their contributions to society.

January 22, 2010

LanguageSocial Studies

•Read, listen to, and discuss

verbal and visual information

about the Jim Crow era.

•Read, listen to and discuss song

lyrics.

•Write an empathetic essay as an

African American living under Jim

Crow laws.