The Pauline Canon

Pauline Studies

Edited by

Stanley E. Porter Professor of New Testament at

McMaster Divinity College,

Hamilton, Ontario

VOLUME 1

The Pauline Canon

Edited by

Stanley E. Porter

SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA B.V. 2004

This book is printed on acid-free paper.

Cover: RAM vormgeving I Jan van Waarden, Asperen, The Netherlands. Cover illustration: 2 Cor. 5:19-21 in P34 (P.Vindob. G39784, verso, Col. 2). Reproduce' by kind permission of the Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

The Pauline canon I edited by Stanley E. Porter. p. em.- (Pauline studies, ISSN 1572-4913; v. 1)

Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

ISBN 978-90-04-13891-9 ISBN 978-3-662-41228-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-41228-2

1. Bible. N.T. Episdes of Paul-Canon. 2. Bible. N.T. Episdes of Paul-Criticism, interpretation, etc. I. Porter, Stanley E., 1956- II. Series.

BS2655.C36P38 2004 227'.012-dc22

ISSN 1572--4913 ISBN 978-90-04-13891-9

20040451

© Copyright 2004 by Springer Science+ Business Media Dordrecht

Originally published by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands in 2004

Softcover reprint of the hardcover let edition 2004

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored i1 a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written

permission from the publisher.

Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Brill provided that

the appropriate fees are paid direcdy to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910

Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change.

John Cochrane O'Neill

1930-2003

In Memory

CONTENTS

Preface ................................................................................................. ix Abbreviations ...................................................................................... xi

Stanley E. Porter Introduction to the Study of the Pauline Canon ................................... 1

James W. Aageson The Pastoral Epistles, Apostolic Authority, and the Development of the Pauline Scriptures ................................................ 5

Rouert W. Wall The Function of the Pastoral Letters within the Pauline Canon of the New Testament: A Canonical Approach ................................. 27

M.-E. Boismard Paul's Letter to the Laodiceans .......................................................... 45

Detlev Dormeyer The Hellenistic Letter-formula and the Pauline Letter-scheme ......... 59

Stanley E. Porter When and How was the Pauline Canon Compiled? An Assessment of Theories ................................................................ 95

Mark Harding Disputed and Undisputed Letters of Paul... ...................................... 129

tJ.C. O'Neill Paul Wrote Some of All, but not All of Any ................................... 169

William 0. Walker, Jr. Interpolations in the Pauline Letters ................................................ 189

viii THE PAULINE CANON

Index of Ancient Sources ................................................................. 237 Index of Modem Authors ................................................................. 250

PREFACE

This volume has been a long time in the making-too long if you are one of the contributors, or one of those who has been looking forward to receiving this volume in aid of research or simply for scholarly or personal interest. For that delay, I apologize. However, I believe that this volume makes a significant contribution to the study of Paul, especially the canon of writings that we associate with him, and, I trust, in that regard was worth the wait. I am truly sorry that my original series co-editor, Dr. Brook W.R. Pearson of the University of Surrey Roehampton, has been unable to continue editing the series with me. I appreciate the work that he did in helping to set up the mechanics for the series, even though he is not able to see it through to completion. I wish to recognize here also the work that he did in helping to create and shape this particular volume. I wish him the very best in his other publishing endeavours.

This is the first of a series of projected volumes in the Pauline Studies Series to be published by Brill Publishers of Leiden. This volume is on the Pauline canon. Subsequent volumes currently scheduled to appear are as follows:

Volume 2: Paul and His Opponents Volume 3: Paul the Theologian Volume 4: Paul's World Volume 5: Paul: Jew, Greek and Roman

I would like to invite any scholars interested in making contributions to one or more of these volumes to be in contact with me regarding submission. Contact information is provided below. The topics of the volumes are being defined and interpreted broadly, so that papers that deal, for example, with clearly related subjects, such as the Paul of the Letters and of Acts, we hope will be able to find a home in these collections of papers. Papers for the second and third volumes are already being gathered for publication, but it is not too late for possible submission. The anticipated rate of publication is one per

X THE PAULINE CANON

year. We are also contemplating extending the series according to interest.

I would like to thank all of the individual authors for their worthy contributions to this first volume of essays. I would also like to thank the several people at Brill, including Louise Schoeten, Hans van der Meij, and Mattie Kuiper, who have continued to be an encouragement as this project took shape and is now finally coming to its initial fruition.

Before this volume could be completed and printed, Professor John O'Neill formerly of the University of Edinburgh, passed away. Professor O'Neill was born on 8 December 1930 in Melbourne, Aus­tralia, and died on 30 March 2003 in Edinburgh, Scotland, as the result of cancer and its complications. I know that he will be sadly missed by his family, but also by many former students and col­leagues who appreciated him greatly. As a personal aside, Professor O'Neill was one of the first people to interview me for a position in New Testament, soon after his arrival at Edinburgh from Cambridge. Although I did not receive the appointment, Professor O'Neill gave me and the other unsuccessful candidate encouragement and advice to help us in the future. One of my first publications-one that I am still proud of, and that has continued to be cited in subsequent discus­sion-was a revised form of the presentation that I was required to give on that day. I am pleased to dedicate this volume to Professor O'Neill's worthy memory.

Stanley E. Porter

McMaster Divinity College

Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4Kl

princpl @mcmaster.ca

AARDS AB ABD

ABRL AnBib ANF ANRW ANTC ANTF ATR ATRSup BBET BBR BENT BETL BEvT Bib BibSem BIS BJRL BJS BTB BWANT BZ CahRB CBQ CBQMS ConBNT EBib EdF ETL EvT ExpTim FFNT FzB GBS GNS

ABBREVIATIONS

American Academy of Religion Dissertation Series Anchor Bible D.N. Freedman (ed.), The Anchor Bible Dictionary (6 vols.; New York: Doubleday, 1992) Anchor Bible Reference Library Analecta Biblica Ante-Nicene Fathers

Aufstieg und Niedergang der romischen Welt Abingdon New Testament Commentaries Arbeiten zur Neutestamentlichen Textforschung Anglican Theological Review Anglican Theological Review Supplements Beitriige zur biblischen Exegese und Theologie Bulletin for Biblical Research Beitriige zur Einleitung in das Neue Testament Bibliotheca ephemeridum theologicarum lovaniensium Beitriige zur evangelischen Theologie Biblica The Biblical Seminar Biblical Interpretation Supplements Bulletin of the John Rylands Library Brown Judaic Studies Biblical Theology Bulletin Beitriige zur Wissenschaft vom Alten und Neuen Testament Biblische Zeitschrift Cahiers de Ia Revue biblique Catholic Biblical Quarterly CBQ Monograph Series Coniectanea biblica, New Testament Etudes bibliques Ertriige der Forschung Ephemerides theologicae lovanienses

Evangelische Theologie

The Expository Times

Foundations and Facets: New Testament Forschung zur Bibel Guides to Biblical Scholarship Good News Studies

Xll

GTA HCBD HNTC HTKNT HTR HUT IB

ICC IDB

IDBSup

Int lAOS JBL JBR JEH JQR JR JSNT JSNTSup JTS LCL LEC NCB NICNT NIGTC NovT NovTSup NPNF NTAbh NTC NTD NTG NTM NTOA NTS NIT OTK OTM PRSt RAC RB RHPR RHR

THE PAULINE CANON

Gottinger Theologische Arbeiten Harper Collins Bible Dictionary Harper's New Testament Commentaries Herders theologischer Kommentar zum Neuen Testament Harvard Theological Review Hermeneutische Untersuchungen zur Theologie G.A. Buttrick et al. (eds.), The Interpreter's Bible (12 vols.; New York: Abingdon, 1951-57) International Critical Commentary G.A. Buttrick (ed.), The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible (4 vols.; Nashville, TN: Abingdon, 1962) K. Crim (ed.), Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible: Supplementary Volume (Nashville, TN: Abingdon, 1976) Interpretation Journal of the American Oriental Society Journal of Biblical Literature Journal of Bible and Religion Journal of Ecclesiastical History Jewish Quarterly Review Journal of Religion Journal for the Study of the New Testament JSNT Supplement Series Journal ofTheological Studies Loeb Classical Library Library of Early Christianity New Century Bible New International Commentary on the New Testament New International Greek Testament Commentary Novum Testamentum Novum Testament Supplements Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers Neutestamentliche Abhandlungen The New Testament in Context Das Neue Testament Deutsch New Testament Guides New Testament Message Novum Testamentum et Orbis Antiquus New Testament Studies New Testament Theology Okumenischer Taschenbuch-Kommentar Oxford Theological Monographs Perspectives in Religious Studies Reallexikon fur Antike und Christentum Revue biblique Revue de l'histoire et de philosophie religieuses Revue de l'histoire des religions

RNT RSPT SBLRBS SBLSBS SBLSP SBS SD SE SNT SNTSMS SP SR StudPat

TAPA

Them TLZ TNTC TRE TU TynBul vc WBC WTJ WUNT ZBK ZKG ZNW ZTK

ABBREVIATIONS

Regensburger Neues Testament Revue des sciences philosophiques et theologiques SBL Resources for Biblical Study SBL Sources for Biblical Study SBL Seminar Papers Stuttgarter Bibelstudien Studies and Documents Studia Evangelica Studien zum Neuen Testament Society for New Testament Studies Monograph Series Sacra Pagina Studies in Religion Studia Patristica

xiii

Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philologi­cal Association Themelios Theologische Literaturzeitung Tyndale New Testament Commentaries Theologische Realenzyklopiidie Theologische Untersuchungen Tyndale Bulletin Vigiliae christianae Word Biblical Commentary Westminster Theological Journal Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament ZUrcher Bibelkommentare Zeitschrift fiir Kirchengeschichte Zeitschrift fiir die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft Zeitschriftfiir Theologie und Kirche