the spread of protestantism and the catholic reformation
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The Spread of Protestantism and the Catholic Reformation. Chapter 5, Section 4. Effects of Protestantism. What was the Peace of Augsburg ? 1555 Allowed worship of either Catholicism or Lutheranism in Germany A rise in P rotestantism meant no more Christian unity. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The Spread of Protestantism and the Catholic Reformation
Chapter 5, Section 4
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Effects of Protestantism
• What was the Peace of Augsburg?– 1555– Allowed worship of
either Catholicism or Lutheranism in Germany
• A rise in Protestantism meant no more Christian unity
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The Zwinglian Reformation• Ulrich Zwingli – a priest in
Zurich – introduced a new form of worship
• All relics and decorations were removed from churches
• Replaced mass with prayer, scripture reading
• Ulrich was killed in battle vs Catholic states in 1531– John Calvin took over
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Calvin and Calvinism• John Calvin agreed with
Martin Luther in most areas• Differed with belief of
predestination– God determined in advance
who would be saved and who would be condemned
• Created a powerful religious city in Geneva
• By mid 1500s, Calvinism replaced Lutheranism as the most important form of Protestantism
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The Reformation in England• Politics vs Religion• King Henry VIII wanted to get
an annulment (divorce) from his first wife
• Thomas Cramer, head of the highest church court in England, said “yes” in May 1533
• Act of Supremacy of 1534 made the King head of the Church of England
• Still followed mostly Catholic teachings
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England cont’d• Following his death in
1547, 9 year old Edward VI became ruler and the church moved in a more Protestant direction
• When Mary (Catholic) took over in 1553, she had 300 Protestants burned to death, earning her the nickname “Bloody Mary”
• England continued to turn Protestant (called Anglican)
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The Anabaptists
• Wanted government out of religion
• Considered all Christians equals and chose their own minister from the community
• Baptized as adults not infants– This separated them
from Catholics and other Protestants
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Roles of Women…Changing?
• Families are now the center of human life• Women are still expected to do two things– Obey the husband– Bear children
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The Catholic Response
• Three important things:• Ignatius of Loyola brings
together the Jesuits– Spread Catholic message
in Germany and eastern Europe
• Papacy is reformed– Removed themselves
from political affairs• Council of Trent
reformed Roman Catholic guidelines