““THE TURKISH RDI: THE TURKISH RDI: A NEW PATH FOR A A NEW PATH FOR A

NEW HORIZON”NEW HORIZON”

Prof. Dr. Nüket YETİŞ Prof. Dr. Nüket YETİŞ

Acting President of TÜBİTAKActing President of TÜBİTAK

2

Role of RDI in the economic growth Turkish Research Area (TARAL) National Science and Technology

Initiative

3

“The level of capability to sell the

goods and services in international

markets in free market conditions by

keeping and increasing the wealth of

its citizens in a sustainable manner.”

National Competitive Power

4

Economic Performance

Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

* 2004 IMD Competitiveness Yearbook

National CompetitivePower* (2)

5

Economic Performance

0

20

80

100

Infrastructure

Business Efficiency

Government Efficiency

U.S.Turkey

60

Germany

Japan40

* 2004 IMD Competitiveness Yearbook

National CompetitivePower* (3)

6

7

Concrete 1 cent

Cement 5 cent

Iron-Steel 50 cent

Aluminum 1,5 dollar

Automobile 10 dollar - 100 dollar

Passenger Plane 100 dollar – 1.000 dollar

Military Helicopter 2.000 dollar – 3.000 dollar

Military Plane 10.000 dollar

Satellite 100.000 dollar

The Price of Knowledge per Kg.

8

import

Trade Coverage Ratios (Hi-tech)

import exportexportexport

Turkey

31

USA

86

Korea

147

import

Hi-Tech: Aerospace, Office & information tools, drugs, radio & TV, comminication tools, professional goods

OECD in Figures, 2004

9

EU-15 Values(2000-2001):Number of Triadic Patents per million people36Number of Articles per million people: 822

R&D Expenditures per capita: 467. 6 (PPP $)Gross Expenditures on R&D as percentage of GDP: 1,89Number of scientists per 1000 workforce: 10.4

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5Number of Triadic Patents per million people

Number of Articles per million people

R&D Expenditures per capita

Gross Expenditures on R&D as percentage of GDP

Number of scientists per 1000 workforce

EU-15

Japan

U.S.

Germany

National Science and Technology Indicators

10

0,5

1

Number of Triadic Patents per million people

R&D Expenditures per capita

Gross Expenditures on R&D as percentage of GDP

Number of scientists per 1000 workforce

Spain

EU-15

Hungary

Turkey

Number of Articles per million people

National Science and Technology Indicators

11

60

1

10

20

30

40

50

0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5

Nati

on

al C

om

peti

tive P

ow

er

GermanyJapan

S. Korea

Spain

Russia

HungaryGreece

U.S.

R&D Expenditures/GDP R&D Expenditures/GDP (%)(%)

Turkey

12

Full Time Equivalent Full Time Equivalent Researchers per Thousand Researchers per Thousand Total Employment

1

10

20

30

40

50

60

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Japan

Russia

Spain

1

10

20

30

40

50

60

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

S. KoreaHungary

Greece

Argentina

Nati

on

al C

om

peti

tive P

ow

er

Germany

Turkey

13

For the Success of RDI For the Success of RDI activitiesactivities

Sufficient financial resourcesSufficient financial resources Competent and Adequate Competent and Adequate

ResearchersResearchers Enabling Environment and Enabling Environment and

Systematic ApproachSystematic Approach

14

Turkish Research Area (TARAL)

Principles

AimsObjectives

Priorities

Solving problemsIncreasing quality of lifeEnhancing welfareBoost competitiveness

TARAL

SPO and Other Public

Agencies

Private SectorUniversities

NGOs

15

Allocate additional public funds beginning from

2005 to increase GERD to 2% by 2010.

Increase the number of researchers to 40,000

(FTE) by 2010.

New National Targets

16

Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators May 2004Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators May 2004

Country Industry Public Sector Other Univ.

FundedFunded UsedUsed FundedFunded UsedUsed FundedFunded UsedUsed UsedUsed

USA 63 69 31 9 6 5 17

Japan 74 74 18 10 8 2 14

Germany 65 69 32 14 3 - 17

Russia 33 70 58 25 9 - 5

Spain 49 55 39 15 12 - 30

Turkey 43 33 51 6 6 - 61

Use of S&T Funds (%, 2002)(%, 2002)

17

Turkish Industry (1999-2000) 1,2

Japan (2001) 3,3

Drug Industry (2001, average) 8,5

Communication & Electronic Devices (2001) 7,1

Atomic Energy of Canada (2001) 30

IBM (2003) 16

Alcatel (2003) 13

Ericsson (2003) 20

Industrial R&D Industrial R&D Expenditures Expenditures (%)(%)

18

DTM TÜBİTAK-TİDEB, KOSGEB and TTGV Supports (Million $)(Million $)

TİDEB1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Total

14 20 30 25 38 42 189 M$

TTGV2003 2004 Total

15 25 40 M$

TIDEB:Technology Monitoring and Assesment Directorate, DTM: , DTM: Undersecratariat for Foreign TradeUndersecratariat for Foreign Trade, , KOSGEB: KOSGEB: Small and Medium Industry Development Organisation,Small and Medium Industry Development Organisation, TTGV: TTGV: Turkish Technology Development FoundationTurkish Technology Development Foundation

KOSGEB2003 2004 Total

4 17 21 M$

19

‘99 ‘00 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04 Total

Universities 14 25 17 38 67 66 213

Public Sector 13 22 11 17 40 26 117

Total 27 47 28 55 107 92 330

Technological Research Technological Research Projects Projects Supported by SPO(Million $)(Million $)

20

TTGV

KOSGEB

Applied Research

Basic Research

Dissemination

Commercialization

Results,

Monitoring,Impact Evaluation,

Feedbacks

Technology Producing

Traditional Companies

Technologically BasedCompanies

Companies

Technology Management

Support Structure

Technology acquirement

Adoption

Development

Experience

High level production

Development

SPO

TTGV

SPO

IGEME

KOSGEB

MINISTRIES

KOSGEB

BANKS

TTGV

KOSGEB

TTGV

KOSGEB

TTGVIKV

DTM

TREASURYTPE

Current S&T Grants

UNIVERSITIES

TÜBİTAK

TÜBİTAK

TÜBİTAK

TÜBİTAK

TÜBİTAK

TÜBİTAK

21

Universities58

Universities58

SPO92

SPO154

22

National Science and Technology

Initiative

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To improve quality of life

To solve social problems

To increase competitiveness

To raise awareness of S&T by the public

Basic Objectives

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To increase the demand for R&D To enhance the quality and quantity of

scientists, professionals and technical personnel

To increase the share of R&D expenditures in GDP

Main Targets

25

Basic Principles

Strategic approach Outcome-oriented Public-private partnerships Effectiveness Participation Accountibility Balance between responsibilities and

capabilities Flexibility

26

Priorities

Priority themes and areas based on Vision 2023 foresight work.

Implementation plan for 2005-2010 Types of projects which will be given

priority

27

Preporatory Works (1)

Terms and definitions (Frascati, Oslo ve Canberra manuals)

Catalogue for existing instruments/ programmes

New instruments/programmes Scanning of Turkish S&T supports and

their efficiencies Collective solution development Focus group meetings Funding application forms and

guidelines

28

Criteria for project appraisal and selection

Improved regulations for financial management of projects

Project monitoring (financial and performance evaluation)

Legal infrastructure Info meetings Workshops

Preporatory Works (2)

29

New instruments

Determination of new instruments and programmes Areas with missing links in the ‘support structure’ Collective solution development Focus group meetings Project examples in EU Sixth Framework Programme International comparisons

30

New Programmes

Early research career programme Young research career programme Veteran researcher career programme Supporting outcome-oriented Master’s and PhD

programmes Evrana (Universal Researcher Programme) Techno-entrepreneurship programme Science and our city Science and our region

31

The programmes initiated by the Prime Minister Programme for Scientist Education and TrainingProgramme for Scientist Education and Training Research Programme in DefenceResearch Programme in Defence Space Research ProgrammeSpace Research Programme Raising awareness for scientific and technological Raising awareness for scientific and technological

issuesissues Science ParksScience Parks

Other National Programmes (Health, etc)

Areas to be supported

32

Public Sector Research Programmes Industrial Research Programmes Projects in S&T priority areas Improvement of scientific and technological

capacity Academic and applied research Techno-entrepreneurship Programme

Areas to be supported

33

Projects in line with strategic targets and principles

Projects with clients Curiosity based research projects

Areas to be supported

34

For a more prosperous Turkey By public-private partnerships Aimed at enhancing quality of life, quality

of knowledge and quality of production

National S&T Initiative