this article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: kim ds, wall emerson r,...
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![Page 1: This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Kim DS, Wall Emerson R, Naghshineh K, Pliskow J, Myers K. Impact of adding artificially](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f215503460f94c399a7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Kim DS, Wall Emerson R, Naghshineh K, Pliskow J, Myers K. Impact of adding artificially generated alert sound to hybrid electric vehicles on their detectability by pedestrians who are blind. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2012; 43(3):381–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2011.03.0041
Slideshow ProjectDOI:10.1682/JRRD. 2011.03.0041JSP
Impact of adding artificially generated alert sound to hybrid electric vehicles
on their detectability by pedestrians who are blind
Dae Shik Kim, PhD; Robert Wall Emerson, PhD; Koorosh Naghshineh, PhD; Jay Pliskow, MS;
Kyle Myers, MS
![Page 2: This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Kim DS, Wall Emerson R, Naghshineh K, Pliskow J, Myers K. Impact of adding artificially](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f215503460f94c399a7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Kim DS, Wall Emerson R, Naghshineh K, Pliskow J, Myers K. Impact of adding artificially generated alert sound to hybrid electric vehicles on their detectability by pedestrians who are blind. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2012; 43(3):381–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2011.03.0041
Slideshow ProjectDOI:10.1682/JRRD. 2011.03.0041JSP
• Aim– Investigate how addition of artificially generated sound
affects blind pedestrians’ detectability of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).
• Relevance– Potential impact of hybrid and battery electric vehicles on
mobility of blind pedestrians topic of interest in popular media. • Assume quieter vehicles may be more dangerous to blind
pedestrians, who often rely on hearing vehicles to navigate and travel safely.
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This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Kim DS, Wall Emerson R, Naghshineh K, Pliskow J, Myers K. Impact of adding artificially generated alert sound to hybrid electric vehicles on their detectability by pedestrians who are blind. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2012; 43(3):381–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2011.03.0041
Slideshow ProjectDOI:10.1682/JRRD. 2011.03.0041JSP
Methods• 14 legally blind adults attempted to detect
3 vehicles at 2 test sites:– Vehicles:• Midsize HEV sedan.• Same make and model HEV sedan with Vehicle Sound for
Pedestrians (VSP) system.• Same make and model internal combustion engine (ICE) sedan.
– Test Sites:• University parking lot.• Roadway near busy interstate and street.
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This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Kim DS, Wall Emerson R, Naghshineh K, Pliskow J, Myers K. Impact of adding artificially generated alert sound to hybrid electric vehicles on their detectability by pedestrians who are blind. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2012; 43(3):381–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2011.03.0041
Slideshow ProjectDOI:10.1682/JRRD. 2011.03.0041JSP
Results• Detection Distance:– Vehicle:
• VSP vehicle detected significantly further away than HEV but not ICE.
– Test Site:• Despite sound level difference between parking lot and
roadway, no significant difference.
– No vehicle x site interaction found.
• Noteworthy:– Improved crossing margin (from –0.4 to 2.1 s)
with forward VSP.
![Page 5: This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Kim DS, Wall Emerson R, Naghshineh K, Pliskow J, Myers K. Impact of adding artificially](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f215503460f94c399a7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Kim DS, Wall Emerson R, Naghshineh K, Pliskow J, Myers K. Impact of adding artificially generated alert sound to hybrid electric vehicles on their detectability by pedestrians who are blind. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2012; 43(3):381–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2011.03.0041
Slideshow ProjectDOI:10.1682/JRRD. 2011.03.0041JSP
Conclusions
• HEV with VSP was detected at significantly farther distance than same HEV without VSP.
• Equipping hybrid and electric vehicles with sound system that emits an alerting sound in certain low-speed maneuver conditions may contribute to the safety of blind pedestrians.