Totalitarianism

Ch. 14.2 & Ch. 15.3

Stalin Becomes Dictator

A New Leader• Trotsky and Stalin

compete to replace Lenin when he dies

Joseph Stalin—cold, hard Communist Party general secretary in 1922

- Stalin gains power from 1922 to 1927

• Lenin dies in 1924• Stalin gains complete

control in 1928; Trotsky forced into exile

Stalin was a TotalitarianList examples of each

Ideology

Dynamic Leader

Dictatorship of One-Party Rule

State Control of Society

Modern Technology

Methods of Enforcement

State controlof individuals

Totalitarianism

Benito Mussolini – Fascist ruler of Italy

New Political MovementFascism is new, militant political

movement• Emphasizes nationalism and

loyalty to authoritarian leaderMussolini Takes ControlItalians want a leader who will

take action• Fascist Party leader, Benito

Mussolini, promises to rescue Italy

• October 1922, Mussolini takes power legally

• Italian king puts Mussolini in charge of government

Il Duce’s Leadership• Mussolini takes firm control of

politics and economy in Italy

Adolf Hitler – Fascist ruler of Germany

A New Power• Adolf Hitler—obscure political figure

in 1920s Germany The Rise of the Nazis• Nazism—German brand of fascism• Hitler becomes Nazi leader, plots to

seize national power• Mein Kampf—Hitler‘s book detailing

beliefs, goals• Germans turn to Hitler when economy

collapsesThe Führer Is Supreme• Hitler takes control over every aspect

of German lifeHitler’s New Power• Hitler is named chancellor• Turns Germany into totalitarian state• Uses brutal tactics to eliminate

enemies• Nazis take command of economyHitler Makes War on the Jews• Nazis deprive Jews of rights, promote

violence against them

Mussolini & Hitler were a Totalitarian

List examples of each

Chief Examples

Economic

Political

Basic Principles

Social

Cultural

Characteristics of

Fascism