Towards aEuropean VET area: Zooming in on 2010

Aviana BulgarelliDirector Cedefop

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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Maastricht 2004

Lisbon 2000

Copenhagen 2002

Helsinki 2006

Copenhagen-Maastricht-HelsinkiProgress in VET policy areas

Contextual challenges

Policy challenges

How Cedefop supports the process

Outline

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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Copenhagen – Maastricht – HelsinkiCopenhagenDeclaration

2002

Strengthen the European dimension

Improve transparency, information & guidance systems

Recognise competences & qualifications

Promote quality assurance

MaastrichtCommuniqué

2004:national

&EU-level

priorities

Put Copenhagen tools into practice(quality assurance, validation, guidance & counselling; Europass)

Improve public/private investments, training incentives, use of EU funds

Address the needs of groups at risk

Develop flexible & individualised pathways, progression

Strengthen VET planning, partnerships, identify skill needs

Develop pedagogical approaches & learning environments

Expand VET teachers’ & trainers’ competence development

EQF, ECVET; identify TT learning needs; improve VET statistics

HelsinkiCommuniqué

2006

Improve image, status, attractiveness of VET; good governance

Develop further, test & implement common tools by 2010(EQF, ECVET, CQAF/ENQA-VET, Europass)

More systematic mutual learning; more & better VET statistics

Take all stakeholders on board to put Copenhagen into place

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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Progress since Maastricht

Where most countries report progress:

National qualifications frameworks (NQF) Validation of non-formal and informal learning Quality improvement and assurance – CQAF Integrating learning with working Access and equity Guidance and counselling

stay focused

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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How attractive is the VET option?

Citizens would recommend to a young person who is finishing compulsory education or secondary education...

0

15

30

45

60

EU-25 EU-15 M NS-10

Source: Special Eurobarometer 216, "Vocational Training", 2004

%…vocational training or apprenticeship …general or academic studies

Students in pre -/vocational and general programmes at ISCED 3

0.0

15.0

30.0

45.0

60.0

75.0

EU-25 EU-15 NMS-10

Source: Eurostat; UOE data collection, 2004

%

Pre-/vocational General

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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! 80 million Europeans formally low skilled

13

16

30

26

16

11

36

4947 47

44

39

34 34

38 38

23

30

44

55

31

0

20

40

60

USA Japan EU27 Korea Canada Russian Fed. Australia

Low skilled Upper/post-secondary education Tertiary education

Educational attainment of adult population aged 25-64, 2003/2006

EU27: 2006; Australia, Canada, Korea, USA: 2004; Japan, Russian Fed.: 2003 Sources: Eurostat (EU27); OECD, 2006 (other countries); countries sorted by attainment of upper/post-secondary education

Europe’s skill level scores: low skills: highhigh skills: lowintermediate skills: strong (mostly through VET)

skilled & highly skilled jobs in demandwithin 10 years:

- 9% jobs for low skilled workers + 31% for medium

+ 58% for high skilled

right skill mix for Europe requiressecondary & tertiary level qualifications

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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40

45

50

55

60

65

70

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Source: P opulation projection 2004, Eurostat, baseline variant.

Population in EU25 aged 15 to 24 and 55 to 64, 2005-2030 (in million)

The demographic time bomb

labour market more dependent on: older workers, women re-enteringthe labour market, migrants

2 million fewer learners insecondary & tertiary VET

strong potential for continuing skills development of adults

anticipate skill needs validate non-formal learning systemic changes: better

quality in initial/continuing VET,skills development for adults

- 9 million15-24 year-olds

+ 14 million 55 -64 year olds

by 2030 …

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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Europe risks wasting its potential

fewer young peoplecontinuing training is

crucial for skills development & renewal

but: the older people are,

the less they participatein learning

educational & learning deficits add up

develop guidance & training for older workers

Population aged 25-64 participating in LLL, by age groups (EU-27, 2005)

12.5%

10.9%10.0%

8.4%

6.7%

5.2%

3.2%

9.5%

20.4%

Total 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64

Source: Eurostat; EU Labour Force Survey (LFS), 2005;LLL=formal/non-formal education/training during four w eeks prior the survey

EU Benchmark 2010: 12.5%

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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Persistent learning divide

Formal and non-formal learning - participation by working status andeducational level (EU-25, 2003)

1.3 1.62.8

3.8

14.815.114.3

33.7

22.7

13.0

9.0

7.6

9.0

18.9

10.3

6.77.07.3

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

Employed Unemployed Inactive Employed Unemployed Inactive

Pa

rtic

ipa

tio

n r

ate

(%

)

low medium high

Formal learning Non-formal learning

Source: Eurostat; LLL ad hoc module, 2003

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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Lifelong learning revisited:

frequency↔ intensity? Non-formal learning of employed people: participation and intensity

HU

DK

UK

BG

SISK

ATFR

DEEU-25

SEFI

ES

GRPT

RO

IE

PL

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Participation rate (%)Source: Eurostat; LLL ad hoc module, 2003

Ho

urs

pe

r p

art

icip

an

t

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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Europe can‘t afford to waste its potential

We need to

make VET attractive for young people & adults ensure all have access to learning/training opportunities &

more adults participate, whether (un)employed or inactive prevent early school leaving value older workers & their skills tailor VET better to the needs of different target groups know more about the skills we need

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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Zooming in on 2010Knowledge development for all

Particular policy challenges:

Financing

Governance

Lifelong guidance, quality, transparency,

validation of non-formal learning

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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Financing

Sharing costs to foster efficiency & equity in CVET (state/regions, enterprises, individuals)

Different sources of funding to meet differentobjectives & needs, public policy for equal access

Emerging models in the Member States(training funds managed by social partners, apprenticeship,

tax relief, ILA, vouchers..)

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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Governance

Common challenges for

VET, employment, social, finance & economic policies: ageing population changing labour market & skills needs global competition & social inclusion

need an integrated policy approach & agenda co-operation of actors

(ministries, state/regions & local authorities, social partners)

role of social partnerssupport & steer VET policy; develop, design & manage CVET policies

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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Social partner support counts

Percentage of employees in small enterprises, participating in CVT courses

0

15

30

45

60

75

EU-25

SE DK IE NL FI UK LU BE CZ FR DE ES PT IT LV SI EE BG LT PL HU GR RO

Source: Eurostat; Continuing Vocational Training Survey (CVTS2), 1999

%with "joint CVT agreement" without "joint CVT agreement"

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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Lifelong guidance & validation of non-formal learning

Elements for effective lifelong learning policies

Valuing the role of continuing VETLifelong guidanceValidation of non formal learningLinking sectoral qualifications &

national qualification systems

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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How Cedefop supports the process

research, statistics, policy analysis (government & social partner policies,…)

looking at VET as an interface between education, employment, social & economic policies

EQF, ECVET, quality assurance (CQAF) Europass, guidance & counselling teachers & trainer development study visits & peer learning activities

monitoring progress – next review in 2008

26-27 April 2007 AGORA Thessaloniki XXVI: Building a European VET area

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Looking forward to your contributionsThank you for your attention !

www.cedefop.europa.euwww.trainingvillage.gr/policyanalysis

With many thanks to colleagues who helped organise this event!