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Behavior of RCC and Steel building underSeismic loading by Syed Abbas Ahmed,Sriram Charanteja, P.rama

From Behavior of RCC and Steel buildingunder Seismic loading (students)

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paper text:

Behavior of RCC and Steel building under Seismic loading. Syed Abbas Ahmed, Sriram Charanteja, an

P.Rama Mohan Rao

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4School of Mechanical and Building Sciences, VIT University, Vellore-

632014, Tamil Nadu, India.

1and 2 M.Tech Structural engineering student, 3. Assistant professor VIT,Vellore. ABSTRACT: Severedamage and poor performance of RCC and steel buildings during earthquakes is a matter of serious

concern. Keeping this in mind analytical comparison of multi-storey RCC and steel building is done by usi

ETABS software using dynamic analysis, non linear static analysis and p-delta and design as per is 456-

2000 and is 800-1998.from the results given by ETABS, the critical beam and column are identified in the

structure. The designed 30 storey building is analytically compared with RCC and steel frame with shear

walls provided in same manner in both the structures. From the results the salient features of earthquake

resistant design and the structural efficiency of earthquake resistant structure is explained. Keywords:

Earthquakes, structural efficiency, shear wall, critical beam, critical column, stress analysis, seismic desig

Introduction: Earthquakes are wave like motions generated by forces in constant turmoil under the surfac

the earth causing dislocation of the crust. These vibrations cause rapture and sudden movement of rocks

that have been stained beyond their elastic limit. Some of effects of earthquake on various structural

components are tearing of slabs at discontinuities and junction with vertical elements, shear cracking in t

beam column intersection zone, cracking in tension zone, stirrups bursting out, failure of internal and

external walls, collapse of entire structure, and the most important is cracking of concrete which leads to

degradation in the cracked zone.

1Most severe likely earthquake can only be survived, if members are

sufficiently ductile to absorb and dissipate seismic energy by inelastic

deformation.rcc members are almost exclusively concerned with strength, while ductility and energy

absorption receive little consideration. thus, for RCC members to have adequate strength and ductility to

with stand earth quakes their design and detailing must conform is 456-2000 and is13920-2002. a

comparative study of the two structures on the basis of shear wall is done to find the structural efficiency.

LITERATURE REVIEW: Seismic analysis is a subset of structural analysis. In the paper, "A seismic desi

of multistory RCC" A.R.Chandrasekaran and D.S.PrakashRao, equivalent static method for the design

buildings "Seismic vulnerability of columns of RCC earthquake resistant structures has been explained. I

the paper, building framed Sharanyhaque, the collapse of columns due to seismic force has beenexplained. The ductility design of column based on equivalent static method has been explained. In the

paper,

2"Earthquake resistant structural design through energy demand and

capacity"

Adangsurahman 1 June 2007,




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2an energy based earthquake resistant structural design has been proposed

using equivalent static "A method for non-linear seismic analysis of regular load method. In the paper,

building" Peterfajfar and Matij 2-9-1988 the Stiffness, strength and ductility are determined by staticanalysis. In the paper, "Ductile shear wall in earthquake resistant multistory building" Markfinten 1-1-19

the role and "Seismic performance of RCC shear design of shear wall for seismic resistance is discussed

the paper, bracing walls W.L.Cao 1-1-2003, the importance of shear wall in improving the seismic

performance of building structure has been discussed. Thus, reviewing the papers mentioned above and

other references the present paper which deals with the analytical design of earthquake resistant structur

and comparison of structural efficiency has been carried out. ANALYSIS OF MULTI-STOREY RCC

BUILDING: The analysis of the multi-storey RCC building was carried out in ETABS software using Dyna

analysis and P-Delta effect. The design was carried out in ETABS using IS 456-2000. The preliminary da

with which the R.C.C structure has been modeled is given in table 1 and for Steel Structure is given in Ta

2. Table: 1 (R.C.C) No. of stories G + 14 Ground storey height 3.1m Floor to Floor height 3.1m Materials:

M20 and Fe415 steel. Size of column 700mmx700mm Size of Beam 500mmx500mm Depth of Slab 200

thick Loading Details for R.C.C: Dead load of the structure is computed by the software based on the

dimension and weights assigned of the different members. Live load on the floor 4KN/m as per IS875

code, weight of slab 25D, weight of walls has been calculated as per IS1911-1967. The Earthquake loa

is given as per IS1893-2002 (part 1), the zone considered for analysis is zone IV as per clause 6.4.2 and

table 2, the response reduction factor is 5 from table 7, the importance factor is taken as 1.5 from table 6,

the rock and soil factor is 2.5 from fig. 2 and damping ratio is 5. Load Combinations: As per IS1893-2002

31.5(DL+LL) ? 1.2(DL+LL+EL) ? 1.5(DL+EL) ? 0. 9DL +1.5EL

Table 2: (Steel) No. of stories G + 14 Ground storey height 3.1m Floor to Floor height 3.1m Materials: Fe

steel. Slab thickness: 200mm concrete. Steel section used: Optimized sections analyzed by the software.

Loading details for Steel: Dead load of the structure was calculated by the software based on the size an

weight of the different members. Live load on floor 4KN/m. The Earthquake loads is given as per IS1893-

2002 (part 1), the zone considered for analysis is zone IV as per clause 6.4.2 and table 2, the response

reduction factor is 5 from table 7, the importance factor is taken as 1.5 from table 6, the rock and soil fact

is 2.5 from fig. 2 and damping ratio is 2. Load Combinations: As per IS1893-2002 ? 1.7

6(D.L + L.L) ? 1.7(D.L+ E .L) ? 1.

3(D.L+L.L+E.L) Results and Discussions: For R.C.C: The most critical loading condition for the structure i

combination 5, i.e. 1.5(D.L+E.L). The Bending moment, shear force and deflection diagrams are given fo

critical beam element. The storey drifts for the building: in mm Base Shear of the structure: The design

details for a column and beam are: The design details for Shear wall: For Steel: The critical combination

found out to be: 1.3(D.L+L.L+E.L) The bending moment, shear force and deflection for critical beam are:

The storey drifts are: Base Shear of the structure: The section details: Conclusion: Multi-storey R.C.C

building has lesser top storey drift than Steel. And the base shear at bottom storey for R.C.C is lesser tha




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that of steel. Therefore it is analyzed that R.C.C structure is more economical and effective against

earthquake resistant design than Steel structure. References: 1. IS1893-2002,

7Criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures, part 1.

2. IS13920,

5Ductile detailing of reinforced concrete structures subjected to seismic

force.

Bureau of Indian Standards. 3. Earthquake Resistant design of Structures by Pankaj Agarwal and Manis

Shrikande.


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