uhv 1200 kv ac transmission
TRANSCRIPT
UHV 1200 kV AC Transmission
Power Transmission and Distribution H. Huang, D.Kumar,
V. Ramaswami, D. Retzmann
GRIDTECH 2007
Page 2 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
HVAC Systems
500 kV conventional as also series compensated750 kV conventional as also series compensated1200 kV conventional as also series compensated
HVDC Systems
± 500 kV bipole± 550 kV bipole± 600 kV bipole± 800 kV bipole
Technical Alternatives for Bulk Power Transmission
Page 3 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Development of Voltages Levels for AC Power Transmission
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
12 3
4
5
Voltage
Year
kV
6
in commercial use
experimental
Page 3
Page 4 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
EHV and UHV AC Systems – at Present
Voltage Levels of 735 kV to 765 kV AC have been introduced in the following Countries:
UHV Transmission Lines (1000 kV and above) have been built in Russia and Japan
Ekibastuz – Kokchetav (500 km)Kokchetav – Kustanay (400 km)Minami – Niigata / Nishi – Gunma (200 km)Kita – Tochigi / Minami – Iwaki (250 km)
However, today these UHV Transmission Linesare operated at 500 kV
Transmissionof 6-10 GW is feasible
1000 kV Line:SIL = 4 GW
Canada, Brazil, Russia (USSR), South Africa, South Korea, U.S.A. and Venezuela
Page 5 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Current and Voltage Transformer
Coil Products Bushings Line Traps
Arrester
Product-Portfolio Non-Switching HV-Products
Page 6 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Product Range Live-TankHigh-Voltage Circuit-Breakers
63
50
40
31.5
25
0
Rated short-circuitbreaking current [kA]
72.5 123 145 300 362 420 550 800 1000Rated voltage [kV]
170 245
80
3AT2/3
3AT4/5
3AP1 FI3AP1 FG 3AP2 FI
The existing C.B. product range is covering 800 kVScaling up to 1000 kV is possible
Page 7 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
High-Voltage Circuit-Breaker 3AT4/ 5 EI up to 1000 kV
EHVAC C.B. is using proven design and can be scaled up from existing 550/800 kV type to 1000 kV
R&D program may be decided for 1000kV according to specification
Requirements for short circuit current and higher altitudes above sea-level have to be specified
Ambient and environmental conditions have to be considered
Page 8 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
1000 kV EHVAC Double Break Disconnectors
Technical Data
Rated voltage 800 kVRated lightning impulsewithstand voltage (1,2/50 µs) 2100 kVAcross the isolating distance 2235 kV
Rated switching impulsewithstand voltage 1300 kVAcross the isolating distance 1725 kV
Rated current 4000 ARated short-time current 63 kA
Technical Data
Rated voltage 800 kVRated lightning impulsewithstand voltage (1,2/50 µs) 2100 kVAcross the isolating distance 2235 kV
Rated switching impulsewithstand voltage 1300 kVAcross the isolating distance 1725 kV
Rated current 4000 ARated short-time current 63 kA
...to 1000kV design:Up-scaling will cover the require-ments on creepage distance & mechanical strength of porcelain
from existing range of 800kV.....
Page 9 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
1200 kV Power Transformer Prototype tested in 1972
EHVAC Transformer using proven design can be scaled up from existing 800 kV type
R&D program may be decided for 1000kV according to specification
Dielectric specification and transport dimensions determine R&D cost and time
Test facilities are an open issue
Page 10 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Recent Activities for UHV
Transformer & Reactor Bushings:Type OTA; Trench UK *, Oil-Paper TechnologyProduction: Hebburn/UK, MWB Shanghai/ChinaDesign for 1200 kV Transformer is availableReference: Henjang / China
* now Siemens* now Siemens
Example AC Test Transformer 1200 kV
Protected CreepageDistance: 10.5 m
Page 10
Page 11 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Development of UVH AC Transmission
Source:
Bundle of 8 Conductors
1000 kV1000 kV Test Line in ChinaTest Line in China
Rated Voltage:Rated Voltage:1000 kV1000 kVMaximum OperationMaximum OperationVoltage: Voltage: 1100 kV1100 kV
Page 12 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Road Map for UVH AC Transmission in China
Source:Source:
ShaanbeiShaanbei
JindongnanJindongnan
JingmenJingmen WuhanWuhan
NanyangNanyang
1000 kV1000 kV Pilot ProjectPilot Project
Project Highlights:Totally 650km Length Including two UHV-AC Substations and one Switchgear Station
Page 13 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Specific Issues – for UHV AC
SF6 insulated CT and PT – Design is well proven
Type SAS, SVS; Trench Germany *
Production: Bamberg and Shanghai
In Service up to 800 kV
Scaling-up for 1100 kV is no Problem
Capacitive Voltage Divider
Type TEHMF Trench Canada *
Production: Toronto und Shanghai
In Service up to 800 kV
Scaling-up for 1100 kV is no Problem
* now Siemens* now Siemens
The The AC AC Measurements for Measurements for UHVUHV
Page 13 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Page 14 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Tower Configurations
108
m
92 m
71 m
50 m
16.5 m
16 m
15.5 m
19 m
44 m
48 m
8 x 24.1 mm AS-330
8
8 x 31,5 mm ACSR
6,5
Line conductors
Air gap clearance phase-earth [m]
Ekibastuz – KokchetavKita – Iwaki
Page 14 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Page 15 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Bundle Design and Tower Configuration
Voltage 1000 kVPhase conductor wire 8 x 403/52 ACSROuter diameter 27.7 mmSub conductor spacing 400 mm
44 mØ = 1.07 m
Page 16 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Calculation of Overhead Line Characteristic
Resistance 0.0107 Ω/kmReactance 0.267 Ω/km Capacitance 14.15 nF/kmSurge impedance 245 ΩSurge impedance load 4080 MWCharging power 4.45 MVAr/kmMaximum surface gradient 14.7 kV/cm
Page 17 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Electric Field Strength
5 kV/ m - 10 kV/ m
10 kV/ m - 20 kV/ m
20 kV/ m - 50 kV/ m
50 kV/ m - 100 kV/ m
> 100 kV/ m
-50 m 0 m 50 m
0 m
50 m
Sectional view of the transmission line vertical to the line axis
Page 18 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Reactive Power Demand of Overhead Linesas a Function of Load
-600
-400
-200
0
200
400
600
Reactive Power[MVAr/100 km]
P/SIL
1000 kV
750 kV
500 kV380 kV220 kV0.5
1 1.5
Page 19 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
1000 kV AC Transmission Line No-Load Operation
V1 = 100 % V2
2.457,6701000
1.504,169750
1.172,417500
1.041,133250
V2/V1QC (Mvar)L (km)
Need of shunt compensation
QC
Page 20 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Transmission System with Shunt and Series Compensation
Load capability of transmission system referred to the surge impedance load
Transmission angle as a function of degree of compensation
Ks
Kp = 0
Kp (ind)= 0.5Kp = 0
ΘΘ0
PSIL
Ks
Kp = Degree of
shunt comp.
Ks = Degree of
series comp.
Page 21 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Load Capability of Transmission System Referred to Surge Impedance Load (SIL)
Kp (cap.)Kp (ind.)
PSIL
Kp = Degree of shunt compensation
Page 22 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Power Frequency Overvoltage During 1-phase Auto-reclosing
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
3,5
4
4,5
5
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 110% 120% 130%
degree of shunt compensation
Z0/Z1=2,0Z0/Z1=1,0degree of compensation
V [p.u.]
Power frequency overvoltage of disconnected phase during 1-phaseauto-reclosing for different Z0/Z1 ratios of shunt reactor
Page 23 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T
Ultra HVAC System > 1000 kV
Early research works on feasibility of 1100 kV system by AEP, Furnas and some manufacturers.
Further research works on 1000 kV by ENEL-CESI in Italy
1100 kV TEPCO line in Japan ( 140 km)
1100 kV line in Russia operated at 500 kV as reported
1000 kV demonstration line with 3 substations are currentlyunder development in China
Conclusion:UHVAC technology is technically feasible. R&D works are needed on the equipment side