ujgp1003 fundamentals of psychology presentation

8/3/2019 UJGP1003 Fundamentals of Psychology Presentation

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Presented by:Bee Yong Run 1100285Eng May Fong 1100170Raymond Seah 0903982Tan Shi Mein 0903904Tan Chin Sean 1100662


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Topic:The influence of job positiontowards job performance


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Independent variable Job position

Dependent variable Job performance

Research Question 1:What is the relationship between executives and jobperformance?

Hypothesis 1:

There is a positive relationship between executives and jobperformance.


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Research Question 2:

What is the relationship between subordinates and jobperformance?

Hypothesis 2:

There is a positive relationship between subordinatesand job performance.

Objective:

This research is to find out how the relationship between

executives and subordinates influence the jobperformance


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Operational DefinitionAccording to Wikipedia:

Executive is described as individuals at the highest level oforganizational management who have the day-to-day

responsibilities of managing a company or corporation.

Subordinate is a person under the authority or control ofanother within an organization

Job efficiency is the ability to accomplish a job with aminimum expenditure of time and effort.


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Behavioural Theory.

Known as the learning perspective.

Acting, thinking and feeling can and should be

regarded as behaviours.

Describe as internal physiological events or

to hypothetical constructs such as the mind.


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Peoples behaviour can influences directly towards their

job performance.

Culture can shape a persons personality.

Behaviour will influences by heredity and environmental.

Various causes such as relationship, time, money lead to

changes in behavior.


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To observe human behavior towards their jobperformance


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1.Data Analysis

- Bar chart, pie chart, tabulation of data

2. Sampling Design- Questionnaire


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1. Harrison and Hubbard (1998)

- organizational commitment has been studied as aconsequence of leadership behaviors

2. Chen (2004)

- organizational commitment as a mediator betweenexecutives and subordinates towards job performance


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1. Kushman (1992)

- Significant association between executives andsubordinates.

Example: When executives were committed to theirwork, the job performance of subordinates tends to behigher.


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2. Shore and Wayne (1993)

- There was a negative relationship between executivesand subordinates behaviour (Shore and Wayne, 1993).

Example : Some conflict between the executives and

the subordinates. Some of the subordinates dare not tospeak out as they scared will offend the executives.


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40%

60%

Type of SupervisorAcademic Head of Department Administrative Head

Figure 1 : 60% of the executives are from theacademic head of department whereas 40% are from

administrative head.


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0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

1 to 5 6 to 10 11 to 15 16 Above

Total year supervised

Total year supervised

Figure 2 : 4 of the executives have more than 5 yearsexperience in supervising.


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Strongly

Agree

Agree Not Sure Disagree Strongly Disagree

Communication 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

Creativity and

Resourcefulness

30% 40% 10% 20% 0%

Cooperation

with Others

40% 20% 10% 10% 20%

Flexibility 40% 20% 20% 10% 10%

Figure 3: Skill Assessment


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Strongly Agree Agree Not Sure Disagree Strongly

Disagree

Employee creates their identity

though Interpersonal

Communication in the work place.

60% 20% 10% 10% 0%

Interpersonal communication

helps me shape my perception of

my subordinate.

70% 10% 10% 10% 0%

My perception of subordinates

Interpersonal Communication

skills my rating of their job

performance.

60% 20% 10% 10% 0%

Figure 4: Perception


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Strongly

Agree

Agree Not Sure Disagree Strongly

Disagree

Effect of past

record

40% 40% 10% 10% 0%

Compatibility40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

Single Good

Trait

40% 40% 10% 10% 0%

Figure 5: Effect of past record, compatibility and singlegood trait towards employee


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Figure 1 : 70% of the employees are administrativewhereas 30% are academic (lecturers, clerks)


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Figure 2 : Most of the subordinates have beenemployed for 6-10 years.

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

1 to 5 6 to 10 11 to 15 16

Above

Total year been employed

Total year been employed


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Part 2: Perception about supervisor and appraisal process

Strongly Agree Agree Not Sure Disagree Strongly Disagree

My supervisor

understands my work.

70% 20% 0% 10% 0%

My supervisor clearly

explains to me the

requirement of my

work.

60% 20% 10% 10% 0%

My supervisor explain

how I can improve my

performance

70% 20% 0% 10% 0%

As a result of

performance appraisal I

understand better my

supervisors

expectation of my

performance

40% 30% 10% 20% 0%


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My supervisor gives me

clear and real example to

justify his/her of rating of

my work.

60% 10% 20% 10% 0%

My performance appraisal

is based on quality and

quantity of my work and

not my personality or

position.

80% 10% 10% 0% 0%

My supervisor allows me

to question him/her about

my job performance.

60% 20% 10% 10% 0%

My supervisor treat me

dignity.

30% 40% 20% 10% 0%

My interpersonal

communication style will

affect my performance

appraisal positively.

60% 30% 10% 0% 0%


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Based on Figure 1, academic head of department hasmore job experience than administrative head.

In Figure 2, working experience of an executive playsimportant role in helping subordinates to solve problem.The more experienced an executive is, the more effectivein solving problem of their subordinates.

Good communication skill helps to maintain a goodrelationship among executives and subordinates.


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Creativity and resourcefulness help both executives andsubordinates produce more creative and informativeideas.

Cooperation and flexibility helps executives andsubordinates to achieve the best job performance.

As a conclusion from mini survey designed forexecutives, perception on interpersonal communicationskill affect their job performance is most rated by the

respondent.

Past record and single good trait is definitely willinfluences the job performance appraisal.


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Supervisor is responsible towards their subordinates inproviding them relevant comments or advice about their

job performance.

Subordinates understanding about their work helps to

indirectly increase their job performance. A two-waycommunication between supervisor and subordinates

also created to improve their relationship.


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Dignity can affect subordinates job performance

indirectly through affecting their emotion.

Interpersonal communication style will affect theirperformance appraisal positively.

Good impression of a supervisor towards thesubordinates, supervisor may rate their job performancepositively


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Enhances understanding

Strengthens relationship

Avoids unnecessary conflict

Helps to achieve mutual goal / vision

Important in implementing any policies- Example: Management level

Increases the quality of job performance


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A good or bad relationship between an executive andsubordinate can influence their job performance.

There is limitation in this research There is a negativerelationship between executives and subordinates.


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For example, there are some subordinates who do notdare to speak out to their executives about their

unhappiness and dissatisfaction, and hence, it leads tomisunderstanding and conflicts.

Therefore, it is a must for executives and subordinates tocommunicate well with each other in order to remain a

good relationship as well as to obtain a good jobperformance.


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1. Chen, L. Y. (2004). Examining the Effect ofOrganisational Culture and Leadership Behaviours on

Organisational Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and JobPerformance at Small and Middle Sized Firms ofTaiwan.

Retrieved from The Journal of American Academy of

Business,5, 432-438. Rashidah(2010).


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2. The Relationships between employees organizational

commitment, organisational citizenship behavior andperceived job performance among executives: A casestudy of SEGI University College.

Retrieved from June 10, 2010 fromhttp://www.segi.edu.my/onlinereview/chapters/vol3_sr1

_art6.pdf

3. Thanswor Gautam, Rolf van Dick, Ulrich Wagner,Narottam Upadhyay and Ann J. Davis,(2004),Organisational Citizenship Behaviour andOrganisational Commitment


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Thank You

ujgp1003 fundamentals of psychology presentation

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