understanding cable technology: digital video

UNDERSTANDINGCABLE TECHNOLOGY:

DIGITAL VIDEO

July 17, 2013

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UNDERSTANDING

CABLE TECHNOLOGY:

DIGITAL VIDEO

July 17, 2013

Executive Vice President

Blonder Tongue

• Utilizes her electrical engineering background and nearly 20 years in the industry to help operators solve their technology challenges

• Leads Business Tech Group to optimize solutions for small, medium & enterprise commercial applications

• SCTE & WICT participating member

• BSEE- Purdue University & MSEE- University of Houston

Emily Nikoo

Basic Traditional Digital Video

Transformation to Today’s System

Trends of the Future

For each Category, we’ll cover

Overview of System Elements

Content

Delivery Methods

Cable Headend

Networks

The Home or Business

AGENDA

POLL QUESTION – INTRO VIDEO

POLL QUESTION – TOPICS OF

INTEREST

8PSK 8 Phase Shift Keying

8VSB 8 Vestigial Sideband

ABR Adaptive Bit Rate

AVC Advanced Video Coding

DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification

DSTB Digital Set-top Box

DTA Digital Terminal Adapter

DVD Digital Versatile Disc

DVR Digital Video Recorder

PVR Personal Video Recorder

HDTV High Definition Television

HEVC High Efficiency Video Coding

HFC Hybrid Fiber/Coax

HGW Home Gateway

IP Internet Protocol

MDU Multiple Dwelling Unit

MPEG ISO/IEC Moving Pictures Expert Group (-2, -4/H.264, HEVC/H.265)

mDVR Multi-TV Digital Video Recorder

MoCA Multimedia over Coax Alliance

OTA Over The Air

OTT Over the Top

PPV Pay per View

QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

SaaS Software as a Service

SDV Switched Digital Video

STB Set Top Box

VOD Video On Demand

WiFi Wireless Fidelity

WARNING- ACRONYMS AHEAD

SCTE Glossary http://www.scte.org/resources/glossary_of_terms.aspx

BT Broadband Reference Guide

ACRONYM RESOURCES

TRADITIONAL DIGITAL VIDEO SYSTEMPROGRAMMER CABLE OPERATOR CUSTOMER

TRANSMISSION HEADEND DISTRIBUTION HOME/BUSCONTENT

STBTV(s)

ModemPC(s)

Encode

Transcode

Transrate

Multiplex

Modulate

Satellite

(QPSK, 8PSK)

Fiber/IP

Network

QAM

Broadcast

Server

Camera

DVD/Tape/

Film

Linear

VOD

DVR

OTA (8VSB)

Core/ Backbone

Regional Networks Hybrid

Fiber Coax

Regional Headends

PROGRAMMERSBROADCASTERS/NETWORKS/STUDIOS/CHANNELS/MEDIA/ENTERTAINMENT COMPANIES

MSO BASIC VIDEO SUBSCRIBERS

1. COMCAST 21,995,000

2. DIRECTV 20,080,000

3. DISH NETWORK CORPORATION 14,056,000

4. TIME WARNER CABLE INC 12,218,000

5. VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS INC 4,726,000

6. COX COMMUNICATIONS INC 4,540,280

7. AT&T 4,536,000

8. CHARTER COMMUNICATIONS INC 4,158,000

9. CABLEVISION SYSTEMS CORPORATION 3,197,000

10. BRIGHT HOUSE NETWORKS LLC 2,013,145

11. SUDDENLINK COMMUNICATIONS 1,211,200

12. MEDIACOM COMMUNCIATIONS CORPORATION 1,000,000

13. WIDEOPENWEST NETWORKS 702,101

14. CABLEONE INC 593,615

15. RCN CORP. 327,631

16. ATLANTIC BROADBAND GROUP LLC 247,792

17. MIDCONTINENT COMMUNICATIONS 236,250

18. ARMSTRONG CABLE SERVICES 234,573

19. SERVICE ELECTRIC CABLE TV INCORPORATED 213,058

20. METROCAST CABLEVISION 164,921

21. BLUE RIDGE COMMUNICATIONS 164,796

22. WAVEDIVISION HOLDINGS LLC 152,975

23. GENERAL COMMUNICATIONS 140,000

24. BUCKEYE CABLESYSTEM 130,954

TOP OPERATORS (BY VIDEO SUBS)

https://www.ncta.com/industry-data

NCTA DATA

TRADITIONAL DIGITAL VIDEO SYSTEMCABLE OPERATOR CUSTOMER

TRANSMISSION DISTRIBUTION HOME/BUS

STBTV(s)

ModemPC(s)

Encode

Transcode

Transrate

Multiplex

Modulate

Satellite

(QPSK, 8PSK)

Fiber/IP

Network

QAM

Broadcast

Server

Camera

DVD/Tape/

Film

Linear

VOD

DVR

OTA (8VSB)

HEADEND

Core/ Backbone


Fiber Coax

Regional Headends

PROGRAMMER

CONTENT

What are the content types, and how does it get from the programmer to the end customer?

Types• Real Time Events- news, sports, awards shows, local events,

etc.

• Pre-Recorded – shows, movies, ads, etc.

Playback• Scheduled (traditional Cable TV)

• On-Demand (PPV, VOD, DVR/PVR)

• Managed (IPTV)

CONTENT TYPES


TRANSMISSION DISTRIBUTION HOME/BUS

STBTV(s)

ModemPC(s)

Analog Tier

Encode (MPEG-2)

Transcode

Transrate

Multiplex

Modulate

Satellite

(QPSK, 8PSK)

Fiber/IP

Network

QAM

Broadcast

Server

Camera

DVD/Tape/

Film

Linear

VOD

DVR

OTA (8VSB)

HEADEND

Core/ Backbone


Fiber Coax

Regional Headends

PROGRAMMER

CONTENT

Local Origination

Encode- compresses the video to MPEG format

Transcode- converts from one format to another

Transrate- same format, but converts it to lower

data rates

Multiplex- puts all the video together

Modulate- for distribution over the cable

network

BASICS- AT THE HEADEND


TRANSMISSION

STB, DSTBTV(s)

ModemPC(s)

Analog Tier

Encode (MPEG-2)

Transcode

Transrate

Multiplex

Modulate

Satellite

(QPSK, 8PSK)

Fiber/IP

Network

NTSC

QAM

Broadcast

Server

Camera

DVD/Tape/

Film

HOME/BUS

Linear

VOD

DVR

OTA (8VSB)

HEADEND DISTRIBUTION

Core/ Backbone

Regional Networks

Regional Headends

Hybrid Fiber Coax

PROGRAMMER

CONTENT

Local Origination

POLL QUESTION – BUZZ TOPICS

TODAY’S SYSTEMPROGRAMMER CABLE OPERATOR CUSTOMER


MPEG-4/H.264

Broadcast

Server

Camera

DVD/Tape/

Film

DTA,

Gateway/WiFi

MOCA

Multiscreen(s)

Satellite

Fiber/IP

Network

CDN

Hybrid Fiber Coax

OTA

Core/ Backbone/

RAN

Regional Access

Networks

All Digital

OTT

IP Stream

ABR

Analog

Always On

Local Origination

SDV

OTT is delivery of video content to the home via broadband connection The operator may be aware of the contents but is not responsible for, nor able to control, the viewing abilities, copyrights, and/or other redistribution of the content. OTT in particular refers to content that arrives from a third party, such as AppleTV, NetFlix, etc.The video is delivered to an end user device, leaving the operator responsible only for transporting IP packets.Consumers can access OTT content through internet-connected devices such as:

set-top boxes, PCs, laptops, tablets, smartphones, Smart TVs and gaming consoles such as Wii, PlayStation3 & Xbox 360.

OVER-THE-TOP (OTT)

An interconnected system of computers that

provides Web content rapidly to numerous

users by duplicating the content on multiple

servers and directing the content to users

based on proximity.

CDNs are used by a variety of providers to

deliver static or dynamic content and the

technology is especially well suited to

streaming audio, video, and IPTV

programming.

CONTENT DELIVERY NETWORKS

Source: www.whatis.techtarget.com



MPEG-4/H.264/AVC

Broadcast

Server

Camera

DVD/Tape/

Film

DTA, Gateway/WiFi

Multiscreen(s)

MOCA

Satellite

Fiber/IP

Network

CDN

Hybrid Fiber Coax

OTA

Core/ Backbone/

RAN

Regional Access

Networks

All Digital

OTT

IP Stream

ABR

Analog

Always On

Local Origination

SDV

TODAY’S HOME



MPEG-4/H.264

Broadcast

Server

Camera

DVD/Tape/

Film

Satellite

Fiber/IP

Network

DTA, Gateway/WiFi

Multiscreen(s)

MOCA

CDN

Hybrid Fiber Coax

OTA

Core/ Backbone/

RAN

Regional Access

Networks

All Digital

OTT

IP Stream

ABR

Analog

Always On

Local Origination

SDV

1. Internet Video

2. Smartphones, tablets, e-readers

3. Connected TVs & Re-Thinking Television

4. Cloud Storage & Sync

5. Mobile

6. Social Media

7. Internet of Everything and ubiquitous connectivity

8. More Intelligent Machines

9. Devices with Human Appeal

10. Digital Health and real time remote monitoring

11. Big Data

TECHNOLOGIES ON THE HORIZON (AND HERE)

Source: Bright House Networks

CDNCDN

TOMORROW’S SYSTEMPROGRAMMER CABLE OPERATOR CUSTOMER


HEVC/H.265

ABR/MPEG-DASH

Broadcast

Server

Camera

DVD/Tape/

Film

Gateway/WiFi

MOCA

Multiscreen(s)

Satellite

Fiber/IP

Network

CDN

Hybrid Fiber Coax

OTA

Core/ Backbone/

RAN

Regional Access

Networks

Cloud,

Cloud, &

More Cloud

Hosted environment- hosted services in the sense of Application Service Provisioning that run client server software on a remote location.

End users access cloud-based applications through a web browser or a light-weight desktop or mobile app while the business software and user's data are stored on servers at a remote location.

CLOUD

As long as the infrastructure is in place….

Sharing of resources

Lower Upfront CapEx

Continuous Updates

Adaptable to customer needs

Leverages resources that are outside the walls

of an entity

Speed, agility

Faster innovation, products and services

CLOUD BENEFITS

CDNCDN

TOMORROW’S SYSTEMPROGRAMMER CABLE OPERATOR CUSTOMER


HEVC/H.265

Broadcast

Server

Camera

DVD/Tape/

Film

Gateway/WiFi

MOCA, 4K

Multiscreen(s)

Satellite

Fiber/IP

Network

CDN

Hybrid Fiber Coax

OTA

Core/ Backbone/

RAN

Regional Access

Networks

OTT

IP Stream

ABR/MPEG-DASH

MPEG-2 MPEG-4/

H.264

HEVC/

H.265

ABR Tailors stream to end device & bandwidth

Protocols: • Microsoft Smooth Streaming,

• Apple HTTP Live Streaming (HLS),

• Adobe HTTP Dynamic Streaming for Flash (HDS)

MPEG-DASH

ISO standard for the adaptive delivery of

segmented content.

Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP

Focused on interoperability and deployment

guidelines and tests

MULTI-FORMAT SCREEN ENCODING & ADAPTIVE BIT RATE STREAMING

TV VIEWING

Q3 12 Q2 12 Q3 11% Diff Yr

to Yr

Hrs:Min

Diff Yr to

Yr

On Traditional TV 148:03 144:54 146:45 0.9% 1:18

Watching Timeshifted TV* (all TV

Homes)11:30 11:33 10:51 6.0% 0:39

Using a DVD/BluRay Device 5:17 5:13 6:18 -16.1% -1:01

Using a Game Console 6:38 6:26 6:51 -3.2% -0:13

Using the Internet on a Computer 28:58 28:29 28:33 1.5% 0:25

Watching Video on the Internet 6:59 5:51 5:06 36.9% 1:53

Mobile Subscribers Watching Video on

a Mobile Phone5:25 5:20 4:47 25.0% 1:05

Source: Nielsen

TOMORROW’S HOME

Source: NCTA 2013

USER INTERFACE

Improving input mechanisms:Cameras (gesture recognition, facial recognition)

Voice recognition

QWERTY remotes

Second screen navigation

Hosting user interfaces in the cloud enables:Faster development and deployment

Simplify integration of improved favorites, browsing, search, recommendations, multi-source meta-data

Everything is gets smarter more quickly!

Source: Bright House Networks

RE-IMAGINATION OF TV

Source: Mary Meeker, Internet Trends (May 2012)

POLLS –

TECHNOLOGY TOPICS TO LEARN NEXT

BUSINESS SEGMENT TOPICS TO LEARN NEXT

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

http://www.scte.org/cablebasics/

Questions?Type your question in the Type here to chat… window.

Click Send(Only presenters will see questions)

HOW TO ASK A QUESTION

Blonder Tongue

[email protected]

Emily Nikoo

THANK YOU TO OUR SPEAKER

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Topics include:

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• DOCSIS

• Emergency Alert System (EAS)

• Energy

• Ethernet

• Fiber Transport

• HFC Systems

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• Video

• VoIP

• Wireless Technology

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understanding cable technology: digital video

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