““Understanding Communications DesignUnderstanding Communications Designin the Military Environment”in the Military Environment”

William F. Lee, RCDD

Thomas L. Case, Ph.D.

Need for Top-Down Understanding and Network Design Approach

Network design in the military environment is driven by high-level architectures and roadmaps to future capabilities.

Examples include the Global Information Grid and C4ISR (Command, Control, Computer, Communications, Surveillance, Reconnaissance)

C4ISR

Protect the Force

Protect theSpectrumFor Own Use

Deny theSpectrumTo theEnemy

Targeting

Know the EnemyDay orNight

Enable Net CentricOperations

Command the Operation

Goals/Capabilities for C4ISR Systems

3

ReconnaissanceSystems

SurveillanceSystems

CommunicationSystems

Command andControl Systems

IntelligenceSystems

Computers

Military Network Design Considerations

The translation of the military’s high-level architectures and roadmaps into physical networks require understanding of the applications and services the networks must support both now and in the future. These include:

– Warfighting applications

– Defense intelligence applications

– Netops

– Business Applications

– Enterprise Services

Military Application/Services Categories

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Examples of Bandwidth Hungary Military Applications/Services include:

Telemedicine STAMIS Applications Telemaintainence Email/Web Distance Learning Electronic Publishing Video Teleconferencing Video on Demand Distributed Simulation Remote Access Real-Time Imagery Paperless Contracting

Reality Check: Military Applications/Services Require Increasing Bandwidth

Network Mission and Service Requirements Determine Network Design Objectives

The mission of the network describes the reason(s) it exists.

This enables designers to identify and prioritize the video, voice, and data applications/services that the network must support.

Network designers and architects subsequently translate these into network design objectives that can be used as improvement targets for network:

– Performance– Availability– Security– Adaptability– Affordability– Manageability

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Factors that Define Network Design Requirements in Military Environments

Network Mission Objectives / Mission Requirements

Define

Network Design Requirements

generate

Network Service Requirements

network design objectives

network design objectives

network design objectives

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I3A and I3MP

The United States Army's installation level architecture is referred to as the Installation, Information, Infrastructure Architecture (I3A).

– It is the post, camp, and station piece of the DISN.

The I3A is a blueprint which is a criteria used for the modernization of all posts, camps, and stations.

I3MP is the program that implements I3A. It is part of the Infrastructure Modernization (IMOD) initiative

PEO EIS NSC is responsible for coordinating I3MP

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Installation Information Infrastructure Architecture (I3A) - Objectives

The underlying objective of the I3A is to meet current information transfer requirements while creating an infrastructure flexible enough to meet the exponentially increasing data communications requirements and new technological advances

In the long term, the I3MP will merge telephone and data communications into a single integrated network within the I3A

Design will satisfy the IS/IT requirements of the military within a facility

IAW the TIA/EIA Telecommunications Standards (568-C.0, C.1, C.2, and C.3

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Sustaining BaseSustaining Base

What does I3A do?

I3A Technical Criteria

Addresses Voice, Data, CATV and OSP

References 18 U.S. Government Publications

References 24 NON U.S. Government PublicationsReference approximately 170 Other Publications

References 104 OSP Publications

References 5 German and European Publications

SIPRNET

References 45 U.S. Government Publications

References 5 NON U.S. Government Publications

Who Mandates these Requirements?

Pentagon DOD (Department of Defense) DISA ( Defense Information Systems Agency) NSA (National Security Agency) ISEC (Information Systems Engineering Command) CTTA (Certified TEMPEST Technical Authority) NES (Network Enterprise Center) DOIM USACOE ( United States Army Corp of Engineers)

I3A and I3MP Guidelines Provide Logical and Physical Requirements Guidance for Network Designers

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Components1. HIGH CAPACITY OPTICAL FIBER CABLE

CONNECTED TO DISN2. FIBER PIPELINE & SWITCHES TO HIGH PRIORITY

BUILDINGS 3. FIBER PIPELINE TO OTHER BLDGS

Components1. HIGH CAPACITY OPTICAL FIBER CABLE

CONNECTED TO DISN2. FIBER PIPELINE & SWITCHES TO HIGH PRIORITY

BUILDINGS 3. FIBER PIPELINE TO OTHER BLDGS

BARKELEY

KHE SANH

MCG

RATH

PRUSSMAN

ELLIS

SPECKER

GATE 2

O’CONNELLWE

TZ

EL

CH

ILES

• DIST LEARN• TELE CONF• SIMULATION

CLASSROOM XXI

•SIDPERS•C4I•E-MAIL

BN HQ

• GCSS-A• ULLS• TOTL ASSET VIS

MAINTENANCE

• TELE-MED

HOSPITAL

•GCCS / DMS•VTC / COLL PLAN•SPLIT BASE OPS

POST HQ

• C4I• E-MAIL• ASSET VIS• VTC

BDE HQ

• DIST LEARN• WWW

DOD SCHOOLS

• ELEC COMMERCE• PAPERLESS

CONTRACTING• TOTL ASSET VIS

DISCOM/ DOL/ DRM

• GCSS-A / ULLS• TOTL ASSET VIS• FIXED TACTICAL INTERNET

MOTOR POOL

RANGE

DISN DATAHIGHWAY

OPTICAL FIBER CABLE “DATA PIPELINE”

1 2

3

2

3

2

2

21

1

1

2

2

3

An Example of an Army I3A Implementation

Room Level Physical Network Design

Military Network Design in a Nutshell

We need to get from here:

To here:

Military Network Design in a Nutshell

And we need to know:

The bandwidth requirements of the applications and services that must be supported by the network, both now and in the future

The network performance, availability, security, adaptability, affordability, and manageability targets that must be hit.

The networking devices, communication protocols, and cabling needed to support/satisfy each of the above

How to weave all the above together into network designs that comply with I3A and I3MP guidelines

Military Network Design in a Nutshell

Power and HVAC requirements for EUBs, ADNs, and MCNs are driven by military communication requirements

– These are also being influenced by network infrastructure trends such as virtualization and burgeoning data storage requirements.

OSP and inside cabling options must consider current and future communication requirements.

Because all military facilities are communications, IS/IT intensive, there is a growing need for contract professionals with broad technical knowledge of communication technologies and how these can be deployed to comply I3A and I3MP guidelines.

– Involving such individuals in RFP processes is increasingly important and is being mandated

I3A Topology Criteria

The telephone and data networks must be connected in hierarchical meshed star topologies for optimum configuration with switched technologies.

Complying with I3A and I3MPTechnical Criteria:Who can Help?

Two acronyms You Need To Know

  RITP

(Registered Information Transport Professional) Knowledge Based (Manufacture Products)

RCDD (Registered Communications Distribution Designer) Knowledge Based Provides Contract Drawings and Specifications Designer of Record

What makes RITPs and RCCDs Special?

They Know that Technologies Always Changes

Industry Knows that Communications Design Is a Specialized Field

They have Broad Technical Knowledge of IS/IT and Communication Technologies They are Recognized World Wide as Subject Matter Experts

Their Knowledge is never Stale: Credential Requirements 15 CEU Per year

What is required of the RCDD

Attend Design Meetings Design “T” Drawings Write Specifications (Division 27 & 28) Stamp and Sign Drawings and Specifications ISEC (Review Drawings and Specifications) CTTA (Must be Consulted for the Design of SIPRNET,

and Review Drawings and Specifications) Review and Stamp Submittals Field Visits and InspectionsApprove test plan and analyze test reports

RCDD Design Roles

Design of Information Transport System Infrastructure Cabling (copper/fiber) OSP VTC

TeleconferencingVideo TeleconferencingTelePresence

Paging/Intercommunications ESS

Access Control IDS (Intrusion Detection System)Security Cameras Wireless

RCCD Design Roles

Special User Systems In House Systems

SIPRNET SIPRNET Space OnlyCTTA Designs PDS

JWICS

RCDD DesignRoles

Stay abreast of I3A and I3MP updates

Monitor bandwidth requirements for applications and services

Design I3A Compliant Communications Rooms

Location and Size Power requirements Conditioned Air Requirements Pathways Bonding

 

FUTURE

The Age of Technology

The Future of Military Network Design:Increasing Network-Centric Operations

GNEC (Global Network Enterprise Construct) Data Centers NOC (Network Operations Center) NSC (Network Service Centers)

 NETCOM (Network Enterprise Technology Command)

 Everyone Touches the Network

Desktop Telephone Smartphone

 

Summary

I3A purpose– A criteria for RCDD’s

RCDD Skills Set– Education, experience, and credentials– Daily changing IS/IT requirements

RFP’s– Need to be written by RITP’s and RCDD’s

Questions

510 Gentilly Road

Statesboro, GA 30458

912-225-3001

www.tcomdesigninc.com

Questions

510 Gentilly Road

Statesboro, GA 30458

912-225-3001

www.tcomdesigninc.com