Unit #3 Exam Review Quiz

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Subject:«subject»

Date:«date»

1 Which of the following describes a microbe's prime niche

A An environment that has a high amount of competition for resources

B An environment that has enough nutrients for the microbe to survive

C An environment that has enough nutrients for the microbe to thrive

D An environment that lacks any usable nutrients and is inhospitable to microbes

2 Which of the following describes the behavior of a hydrophobic substance:

A A solution that easily mixes into salt water

B A salt sample is added to fresh water & it quickly dissolves

C A solution is added to a water sample and the solution floats on top of the water

D A large sample of sugar is added to fresh water, but does not dissolve until heat is applied to the mixture

3 A community is made up of

A a group of populations

B a group of individuals

C a group of organisms

D a group of biomes

4 Which of the following is NOT released by hydrothermal vents

A heat

B cold, desalinated water

C calcium ions

D iron ions

5 All of the following are true about chlorine & chlorime byproducts (DBPs) EXCEPT:

A it can destroy bacteria, viruses, and difficult to kill parasites such as Giardia

B there is evidence that the byproducts of chlorine can cause birth defects

C it can cause large/accelerated gestational age/growth

D it can cause neural tube defects

6 A bacterium that undergoes a period of severe stress will form a ________ to keep its offspring alive.

A cyst

B capsid

C oocyst

D spore

7 Which of the following letters represent the same element/compound in the carbonate buffering system:

A B and D

B G and H

C F and E

D C and D

8 Bioaccumulation can be defined as:

A The amount of energy that is retained with each increasing level of the food chain is only 10%

B 90% of the energy from the lower-levels of the food chain is l ost to the environment as thermal & other forms of energy

C A substance building up in the tissues of organisms and increasing in toxicity up the food chain

D A substance building up in the tissues of higher-level organisms & causing a toxic trickle-down effect on lower-level organisms

9 The following image demonstrates:

A high species richness but low abundance

B high species abundance but low richness

C high species richness and high species abundance

D low species richness and low species abundance

10 Which of the following is FALSE about thermal pollution:

A An increase of temperature causes a decrease in DO

B An increase in temperature yields an increase in secondary consumers

C An increase in temperature causes an increase in bacterial growth

D Thermal pollution is often a result of using water sources to cool water/equipment associated with power plants

11 The difinitive host for Toxoplasmosis is:

A humans

B cats

C sheep

D cattle

12 Which of the following is considered an indicator species:

A daphnia

B hydra

C diatoms

D amoebas

13 What percent of aquatic species are considered benthic?

A 5%

B 25%

C 60%

D 98%

14 The majority of water consumed by individuals as well as agriculture in the United States is:

A Glacial melt

B Groundwater

C Permafrost

D Desalinated ocean water

15 Hydrophilic means

A "water changing"

B "water hating"

C "water fearing"

D "water loving"

16 Out of the small percentage of the planet's water that is fresh water, what percent can be found in ground water sources such as aquifers:

A 68%

B 50%

C 44%

D 30%

17 All of the following are ways that contaminants can get into a water supply, EXCEPT:

A chemicals leaking from an underground waste storage tank

B vapors leaking from a surface waste storage tank that condences into groundwater

C pesticides running off from an industrial farm and travelling into a nearby river

D multiple homes and businesses getting their well water from the same source of groundwater

18 Which of the following is NOT a source of nitrates in water sources:

A A leaky septic system

B Runoff from an organic farm

C Animal waste

D Water plants & algae

19 All of the following are reasons why bacteria form biofilms EXCEPT:

A Bacteria excrete adhesive cells to a surface to prevent the colony from being swept away

B Bacterial biofilms allow for colonies to grow large enough to prevent phagocytosis

C Bacterial biofilms alter the BOD of a system to prevent asphyxiation of higher level organisms

D Bacterial biofilms allow the organisms to remain in favorable niches

20 Which of the following is primarily responsible for "fixing" carbon dioxide:

A autotrophs

B chemoautotrophs

C heterotrophs

D biopolymers

21 All of the following are reasons why bioremediation is being pursued as a viable method of spill clean up, EXCEPT:

A It is relatively cheap when compared to other methods

B Microbes can easily break down xenobiotics

C Non-mobile organisms such as plants can be used to remove contaminants without having to worry about losing track of your organisms.

D Over 90% of materials that are considered hazardous can be biodegraded.

22 Methemoglobinemia causes ________ to bind to _______, blocking the uptake of oxygen & causing problems such as “blue baby” syndrome.

A Ammonium, myoglobin

B Ammonia, hemoglobin

C Nitrate, myoglobin

D Nitrite, hemoglobin

23 Prochlorococcus are

A responsible for 90% of the net primary production

B responsible for 50% of the net primary production

C responsible for 50% of cellular respiration in the ocean

D mostly barophilic

24 CO32- is

A carbonate

B bicarbonate

C carbonic acid

D carbon dioxide

25 Which of the following reactions is responsible for fixing nitrogen:

A NH4+ --> NO2

-

B NO2- --> NO3

-

C NO3- --> N2

D N2 --> NH3

26 At any given time 30% of the global population is infected with which of the following:

A Trichinella

B Platyhelminthes

C Ascaris

D Tapeworms

27 Which of the following would thrive on a hydrothermal vent:

A A psychrophilic bacterium

B A psychrotolerant bacterium

C A barophilic bacterium

D A barotolerant bacterium

28 Contamination of agricultural land by dissolved salts is problematic because:

A The permeability of the agricultural soil is greatly reduced

B The permeability of the agricultural soil is greatly increased

C The permeability of water used for irrigation is greatly reduced

D The permeability of water used for irrigation is greatly increased

29 Microbes account for about ________% of all the biological mass on Earth.

A 98%

B 75%

C 50%

D 22%

30 H2CO3 is

A carbonate

B bicarbonate

C carbonic acid

D carbon dioxide

31 A molecule that will slow down a reaction/maintain a reaction, such as the carbonate system helping to maintain aquatic pH is known as

A an acid

B a base

C a catalyst

D a buffer

32 HCO3- is

A carbonate

B bicarbonate

C carbonic acid

D carbon dioxide

33 Which of the following is a likely result of a massive increase in biochemical oxygen demand of a body of water:

A Asphyxiation of higher level organisms such as fish

B Asphyxiation of photosynthetic organisms

C An increase in higher level organisms such as fish

D An increase in higher level organisms such as dolphins and whales

34 Which of the following is reason why xenobiotics can be more difficult to break down naturally:

A Xenobiotics were designed to increase our fuel efficiency, thus they burn well.

B Xenobiotics are known to bioaccumulate in small bodies of water.

C Xenobiotics are relatively cheap to clean up.

D Xenobiotics have never existed in nature, thus there is no naturally occurring microbe to break it down.

35 The following image demonstrates:

A high species richness but low abundance

B high species abundance but low richness

C high species richness and high species abundance

D low species richness and low species abundance

36 You discover an Achaea bacteria that is both barophilic and psychrophilic. This organism’s prime niche is most likely:

A At the bottom of the ocean near a hydrothermal vent

B At the bottom of the ocean far away from a hydrothermal vent

C On the surface water of the ocean near shore

D On the surface water of the ocean away from the shore

37 As carbonic acid becomes carbonate through the carbonate buffering system, which molecules are released

A hydronium

B hydroxide

C carbonate

D salt

38 A reaction between an acid and a base will always form water and ________.

A acid

B base

C salt

D carbonate

39 What is the ratio of carbon to nitrogen to phosphorus that is ideal for bacterial growth:

A 1:10:100

B 100:10:1

C 100:1:10

D 10:1:100

40 Which of the following describes alkalinity:

A A system’s ability to deal with the addition of a catalystB A system’s ability to deal with the addition of hydroxide

C The sum of all hydronium and hydroxide during the dissociation of water molecules

D The sum of equivalents of all species that can neutralize an acid