unit 8: climatic interactions part 2
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Unit 8: Climatic Interactions Part 2. Warm Up. Construct an Anemometer. What is this object? Anemometer, instrument used to measure the wind What purpose of an Anemometer? M easure the wind speed How does it work? Multiply the circumference by the revolutions - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
PowerPoint Presentation
Unit 8: Climatic InteractionsPart 2
Warm Up
Construct an AnemometerWhat is this object?Anemometer, instrument used to measure the windWhat purpose of an Anemometer?Measure the wind speedHow does it work?Multiply the circumference by the revolutionsToday you are going to make one!
Construct an AnemometerOpen Calculating Wind Speed
You will collect data during class and calculate your wind speed as homework
Warm Up
Atmospheric Movement and Fronts LabOpen Atmospheric Movement and Fronts Lab
Low Pressure DemoStay in control!!!!!!!!
Low Pressure DemoWhy is burning the paper necessary?The burning paper heats the air and removes the oxygen. The paper will burn until the oxygen is used or the paper in consumed. The air then warms then cools as the fire go out. Because there is less air in the jar now, it exerts less pressure. When the temperature inside and outside of the bottle is the same, the air pressure outside the bottle pushes the balloon inside.How does this demonstration relate to atmospheric patterns and weather?If the temperature of the air changed, the pressure of the sir also changes. Heating a constant volume of air causes the pressure of the air to increase. If the air is cooled, the pressure decreases. This pattern is seen in high and low pressure areas, convection, and air masses.
Atmospheric Movement and Fronts LabCopy what is in Yellow
Atmospheric Movement and Local Weather
Lets Review
Air Masses
Air Pressure
0 o Equator30 o S60 o S90 o S30 o N60 o N90 o NMoreDirect Sun HotConvection Currents
Global Convection Cells
Global Wind Patterns
The Coriolis Effect
Jet Stream
Jet StreamForms high in the upper Troposphere between two air masses of different temperaturesHigher temperature difference = faster speedDue to the Coriolis Effect, it flows around air masses.Polar Jet:It dips southward when frigid polar air masses move south.It tends to stay north in the summer months
Jet Stream Animationhttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/vanished/jetstr_five.html
Abnormally high surface ocean temperatures off the coast of South America
Causes unusual weather patterns across the globe
El NinoA strong surface currentBegins at the tip of FloridaFlows up the eastern coastline of the U.S. Crosses the Atlantic OceanCauses warmer climate in NW EuropeGulf StreamVariables Affecting Local WeatherFrontsWhen convection and winds cause air masses to move, they bump into one another.The area where two air masses meet is called a front.Most severe weather occurs near frontal boundaries.
Cold Front- Cold air meets warm air- Fast moving and stormy, severe weather is likely
Cold Front Symbol
Draw thisWarm Front- Warm air meets cold air- Slow moving with less severe weather
Warm Front Symbol
Draw this
Stationary FrontStationary Front: Warm and cool air masses that are not strong enough to move one another
Sits still for a long period of timeStationary Front Symbol
Draw ThisFriction
Frontal Boundary Simulationshttp://www.phschool.com/atschool/phsciexp/active_art/weather_fronts/
High and Low Pressure Circulation
Air Pressure and WindAir pressure is measured with a barometer in millibars.Millibars are represented by connected lines of equal pressure. This is a lot like the topographic map lines.The closer together the lines are, the faster the wind speed.The farther apart the lines are, the slower the wind speed.
The Earths InsulatorThe Sun heats the water and land every day.Land heats up rapidly, but cools off rapidly.DesertWater heats up slowly, but cools off slowly.Swimming at nightThe heat retained by the oceans is what keeps our planet insulated.
Land and Sea BreezesThe heating and cooling of water and land produces land breezes and sea breezes.High pressure moves toward low pressure, pushing the warm air upward.As warm air rises, cooler air moves in and replaces it.
Land Breeze
Sea Breeze
Sea Breeze and Land Breeze Simulationhttp://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1903/es1903page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
Atmospheric Movement and Fronts Using the notes we just took answer theses questions in one complete sentence, at the bottom of your page
Why does the Earth have wind and ocean currents?
How do global patterns of atmospheric movement affect local weather?
Investigating Fronts LabFollow Directions
Complete Handout and Turn In
Warm Up
Weather Symbol Card SortWith your shoulder partner, sort the cards into 6 groups of 3
Open Weather Maps
Weather MapsWeather maps are used to show current weather conditions in an effort to predict future weather conditions.You need to know what each symbol means and how to interpret them to forecast the weather.
Cold Front Symbol
Moves in the Direction of the TrianglesCold, dense air is moving toward warm, less dense air. The warm air is pushed up to cool and form clouds as the cooler air replaces it. The air on the front side of the boundary line is warmer than the air on the back side of the boundary line. Cold Fronts are usually fast moving and bring stormy weather and heavy precipitation followed by clearing skies and higher pressure.
Warm Front Symbol
Moves in the Direction of the Semi-CirclesWarm air is moving toward cold air. The warm, less dense air slides over the cold, more dense air. The air on the front side of the boundary line is cooler than the air on the back side of the boundary line. Warm Fronts usually move slowly and bring steady rain or snow over many days.
Stationary Front Symbol
Stay in One AreaThese fronts occur when neither the cool or warm air masses are strong enough to replace each other.
Stationary Front tend to stay in an area for a long period of time, often bringing precipitation and clouds.
High Pressure
Moves toward Low PressureCooler, dense air close to the surface of the Earth.Surrounded by winds flowing in a clockwise direction. High pressure Usually brings dry conditions and fair skies.
High Pressure SimulationLets practice.Remove the lid from the bottle.Now, replace the lid.What direction did you turn the lid to tighten it?Did the lid move up or down?This is a way to remember high pressure.
Low Pressure
High pressure will move toward low pressure.Warmer, less dense air above the Earths surface
Surrounded by winds moving in a counterclockwise direction.
Low pressure Associated with the formation of storms.
Low Pressure SimulationLets practice.Remove the lid from the bottle.What direction did you turn the lid to loosen it?Did the lid move up or down?This is a way to remember low pressure.
58High and Low Pressure Circulation
Pressure Force
Weather MapsWith your shoulder partner complete the handout using the laminated maps
Switch
Warm Up
Weather Maps ProjectFollow the directionsWork with your groupDue at the end of class
Group JobsResearcherTracerKey PersonDirector
Warm Up
Warm UpStudy your spiralWrite Test on your warm up log
After the TestSTAY QUEITYou may read, work on homework, or get on the computerIf we have time I will check your grades after the test