Unit One

Personal Relationships

All of us are involved with personal relationships. Some of these are related to family, some with fellow students or workers, and others of a variety of types. Most of these are happy, positive relationships, but not all of them, though we might wish it were not so.

Oral Practice I

Work in pairs to list different kinds of personal relationships. Those who get the most will be winners.

Neighbors

Neighbors are dearer than distant relatives

Fellow team members

Classmates

Pop stars and fans

Rivals

Comrades

Enemies

Strangers

Lovers

Friends

Oral Practice II• Brainstorming : Tell the class any w

ords you know to describe the qualities of a true friend.

helpfulunderstanding

reliable

thoughtful

honest

considerate

generous

faithful

sincere

Oral Practice IIIFriend and friendship

Who is your best friend in this new class? Describe him or her briefly.

Your opinion about friend and friendship

When you and your friend are both in danger, will you lay down your life for him?

Having friends reflects having a good personality. The more friends you have, the better personality you have and more sociable you are. Your life will be better if you have more friends, and will be worse without friends. One needs a friend to help him or her out when difficulties occur, and one needs a friend to give emotional support in times of trouble. And what’s more, one needs a friend to offer financial support when there’s a lack of money. So in other words, one cannot be without friends in his or her life.

There are different stages in friendships, startingwith very casual (an acquaintance) and running thegamut to a very deep and close friendship, such asthe life-long friends. When a person meets someoneelse for the first time, each person will not knowhow this new friendship will evolve. Some friendships, which are very deep while thepeople are living in the same community, orexperiencing a similar lifestyle, such as going to theuniversity or working for the same company, willchange. When the circumstance changes, many timesthis friendship usually will also change because thedaily contact is no longer occurring.

Proverbs and SayingsFriendship in China

In China most people expect their friends to help them when they are in need. There is an obligation to a friendship. We have a lot of Chinese sayings concerning friendship. Now try to translate or explain the meaning of the following Chinese proverbs and sayings.

1. 有难同当，有福共享。People can not only share bitterness, hardship but

also happiness with their friends.

2. 一个篱笆三个桩，一个好汉三个帮。As one fence needs three stakes, a good guy needs

three fellows.

3. 在家靠父母，出门靠朋友。It is your parents that you can rely on at home, but

it is your friends that you can count on when out in

the society.

4. 为朋友两肋插刀People can take any risks, even risk of their lives to

help their friends in trouble.

5. 君子之交淡如水，小人之交甘如醴。 The friendship between men of virtue is like water,

yet affectionate; the friendship between men

without virtue is sweet like wine, yet easily broken.

Friendship in the States

In general, Americans have casual, friendly relationships with many people, but deeper, closer friendships with only a few. Friendship requires time and commitment. In English, we can find lots of proverbs and saying concerning friendship. Now try to translate the following ones.

1. A life without a friend is a life without a sun. 人生没有朋友，犹如生活没有了太阳。

2. In prosperity our friends know us; in adversity we know our friends.

---John Churton Collins 在顺境中，朋友结识了我们；在逆境中，我们了解

了朋友。

3. Youth gives love and roses; age still leaves us friends and wine.

---Thomas Moore 青春赋予了我们爱情和玫瑰，岁月带给我们朋友和

酒。

The Gift of Life

Listening Activities

Listening Passage: Friendship Video Clip: Lion King Forrest Gump Leisure Time: A Song Your Raise Me up

Listen to a passage and answer questions:

Words you need to know: acquaintance 熟人 intimate 亲密的 harmonious 和谐的 tolerate 容忍

Questions : 1. According the passage, what is the word “friend”? It covers a wide range of meanings as a classmate, a nodding a

cquaintance, a coworker, etc.

2. Why does everyone need friendship?

We need help from, and also give help to, others.

3. Why do modern people attach more importance to friendship?

As life is full of difficulties and conflict, we need friends to support and help us and give us warnings against danger.

We Need Friends The word, “friends”, covers a

wide range of meanings. It can be a nodding acquaintance, a classmate, a partner, a playmate, or an intimate colleague. Everyone needs friendship. No one can sail the ocean of life single-handed. We need help from, and also give help to, others.

In modern times, people attach

more importance to relationships and connections. As life is full of difficulties and conflict, we need friends to support and help us. Our friends give us warnings against danger. Our friends offer us advice with regard to how to deal with various situations.

True friends share not only our joys but also our sorrows. With friendship, life is happy and harmonious. Without friendship, life is sad and unfortunate. With friends, we know what to treasure, what to tolerate and what to share. I will never forget my old friends and keep making new friends. I will show my concern for them, even if it is only a comforting word.

• Watch the video twice and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Give reasons or examples to support your judgment.

Now watch the video

Lion king 3.rm

1. Simba doesn’t want to leave because he wants to live in a beautiful place.

2. Great changes have taken place in Pride Rock since Mufasa’s death.

3. Simba has forgotten his sad past.

4. Simba will be welcomed by everyone if he returns home.

5. Only Simba can save Pride Rock.

6. Nala leaves Pride Rock in order to find a better place to live.

(F) Reasons or examples: He wants to live his own life.

(T) Reasons or examples: Everything’s destroyed.

(F) Reasons or examples: Simba doesn’t want to recall his past.

(F) Reasons or examples: They really need Simba at home.

(T) Reasons or examples: Simba is the only hope there.

(F) Reasons or examples: Nana leaves to find help.

Task One

Watch the video twice and take notes of

the main information about each

character.

New words:

Bulldoze: （用推土机）推平； lieutenant: 中尉

Forrest Gumpa. Jenny

died on ____________, and was placed __________________. Her father’s house was ____________________________.

b. Little Forrest

_______________________everyday, and asked his father to ______________________.

c. Forrest

doesn’t know if ___________ or if ________________; doesn’t know either if ________________ or if _____________, but thinks_________________________________

Forrest Gumpa. Jenny

died on the Saturday morning, and was placed under the tree. Her father’s house was bulldozed to the ground.

b. Little Forrest

combs his hair, brushes his teeth and reads a book everyday, and has asked his father to bring a letter to his mum.

c. Forrest

doesn’t know if Momma was right or if it’s Lieutenant Dan; doesn’t know either if we each have a destiny, or if we’re all just floating around accidental-like on a breeze, but thinks both is happening at the same time.

Transcript

Forrest: You died on a Saturday morning and I had you placed here under our tree. And I had that house of your father bulldozed to the ground. Mama always said that dying was a part of life. I sure wish it wasn’t . Little Forrest is doing just fine. About to start school again soon. And I make his breakfast, lunch and dinner everyday. I make sure he combs his hair and brushes his teeth everyday. Teaching him how to play ping-pong. He’s really good. (Forrest, you go.)

We fish a lot. And every night, we read a book, and he’s so smart, jenny. You’d be so proud of him. I am. He, Uh, wrote you a letter, and he says I can’t read it. I’m not supposed to, I ‘ll just leave it here for you. Jenny, I don’t know if Momma was right or if, if it’s Lieutenant Dan. I don’t know if we each have a destiny, or if we’re all just floating around accidental –like on a breeze, but I , I think maybe it’s both. Maybe both is happening at the same time. I miss you, Jenny. If there’s anything you need, I wont’ be far away.

Task TwoDub the voice of Forrest. Pay attention to your

pronunciation and intonation.

Leisure Time: A Song

Your Raise Me Up

Listen to the following song and fill in the blanks with the missing words.

You Raise Me up ----By Westlife When I am down and, oh my soul, so ________; When troubles come and my heart _________ be; Then, I am still and wait here in the ________, Until you come and sit a while with me.

You raise me up, _________________________; You raise me up, _________________________; I am strong, _____________________________; You raise me up… ________________________.

(repeat)

You Raise Me up ----By Westlife When I am down and, oh my soul, so weary;

When troubles come and my heart burdened be; Then, I am still and wait here in the silence, Until you come and sit a while with me.

You raise me up, so I can stand on mountains; You raise me up, to walk on stormy seas; I am strong, when I am on your shoulders; You raise me up… To more than I can be.

Unit One

Reading Activities

Background Information

• the Vietnam War In 1954, Vietnam became independent as

two countries, the pro-Western South Vietnam and the communist North Vietnam. Attempts to unite the two countries led to the Vietnam War.

The Vietnam War (1954-1975) is a long civil war between South Vietnam and the Vietcong and North Vietnam, ending in Communist victory.

• The United States was fully involved in the Vietnam War, which had a deep and lasting effect on US society and on the way that Americans thought about their own country. This is shown, for example, in many films made about the war, such as Forrest Gump. At first most people supported the war, but opposition gradually increased, especially among college students and other young people, as more US soldiers were killed, and as the television news showed terrible pictures of ordinary Vietnamese people being killed and injured. There were large protest marches, many popular protest songs and sayings became popular. Military failures and loss of public support eventually forced the government to bring US forces back from Vietnam in 1973.

Text Structure

In-Class Reading: The Gift of Life

After-Class Reading: Love Thy Neighbor

The Gift of Life

Part I: (para.1~2)

When: in Vietnam War

Where: in a small village

Who: several children, including one young girl

What: Bombs landed in the orphanage and some

children were wounded.

Part II: (para. 3-18) What happened next?

• Medical help arrived and they found the young girl needed blood. (para.3)

2) Only several children had the correct blood type. (para.4)

3) Because of language barrier, they had difficulties in asking the children for blood. (para.5)

4) Heng was willing to give blood but he was always sobbing and then crying silently during the operation. (para.6 ~ Para.13)

5) Under the help of Vietnamese nurse, the Americans knew the reason. Heng thought that he would die, but he still did it because she was his friend. (para.14 ~ para.18)

Part III: (para.19) meaning of the story

There is no love greater than this, that person lay

down his/her life for a friend.

Structure: Love Thy Neighbor

P1 What is out of date now in U.S.A.? ︱P2 What are changing ? ︱P3 What’s people’s attitude toward their neighbors now? ︱P4 What’s the best relationship with neighbors? ︱P5 Why neighborhoods haven’t changed if their neighbors

changed? ︱P6 Why is a community probably a better unit? (What’s th

e difference between a community and a neighborhood?)

Unit One

Translating & Writing

Activities

Translating Activities

Criteria for Translation Translation Practice

Criteria for translationSpeaking of translation, we tend to think of Yan Fu whoadvocated for the first time the three words as translationcriteria, namely, “faithfulness, expressiveness andelegance.”

Mr. Lu Xun, the greatest modern Chinese writer proposed“faithfulness” and “smoothness” as translation standardsand attached importance to the preservation of the originalflavor.

Translation PracticeTask One:Read the words of a song “ Lean on Me”, which

was sung at Clinton’s inauguration( 总统就职仪式 ).

Then translate the song from English into Chinese.

Lean on Me

Sometimes in our lives we all have pain, we all have sorrowBut if we are wise, we know that there’s always tomorrow.Lean on me when you’re not strongAnd I’ll be your friend, I’ll help you carry onFor it won’t be long, till I’m going to needSomebody to lean on.

Please swallow your pride if I have faith you need to borrowFor no on can fill those of your needs that you won’t let show.You just call on me, brother, when you need a handWe all need somebody to lean on.I just might have a problem that you’ll understandWe all need somebody to lean on.

Lean on Me依靠我吧

Sometimes in our lives we all have pain, we all have sorrow生活中我们会有痛苦，会有悲伤But if we are wise, we know that there’s always tomorrow然而，聪明的我们明白总有明天（可指望）Lean on me when you’re not strong当你脆弱时，来依靠我吧And I’ll be your friend, I’ll help you carry on我会成为你的朋友，会助你继续向前For it won’t be long, till I’m going to need因为不会很久，我也会需要Somebody to lean on.有个人依靠

Please swallow your pride if I have faith you need to borrow假如我的诚信你需要，请收起你的骄傲

For no on can fill those of your needs that you won’t let show.因为没人能满足你那不表露的需要。

You just call on me, brother, when you need a hand要帮忙时，找我就是了，兄弟

We all need somebody to lean on.我们都需要有个人靠一靠。

I just might have a problem that you’ll understand也许我有个问题正好你明白

We all need somebody to lean on.我们都需要有个人靠依靠。

Translation Practice

Task Two Translate the following sentences into

appropriate Chinese

1. Sino-Japanese relations are in the balance.

2. This book could not have been written or published without the help of

dozens of people, and I am deeply grateful to all of them.

3. Their request was met with wide-eyed silence.

4. It is universally acknowledged that a single man of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.

5. She was a woman of mean understanding, little information, and uncertain temper.

中日关系处于不稳定状态。

这本书的写作和出版曾得到许多位友人的各种帮助 , 谨此一深表谢意。

对医生和护士的请求，孩子瞪大眼睛，一声不吭。

凡是有钱的单身汉，总要娶位太太，这已经成了举世公认真理。

她是个智力贫乏，不学无术，喜怒无常的女人。

Task Three

Translate the following sentences into

appropriate English.

1. 国民生产总值稳步增长。

2. 他回过头去看到了那个美女，他睁大了眼 , 嘴里留着口水（用独立主格结构翻译）

3. 他们采取快速行动阻止了恐怖袭击。

4.除了偶尔有阵雨，天气不错。

5. 计划是否成功还拿不准。

There is a steady increase in Gross National Product.

He turned around and saw that beauty, his eyes opened widely and his mouth watering.

They took immediate action to stop the terrorist attack.

The weather is good except for the occasional shower.

The success of the plan hangs in the balance.

Writing Activities Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minu

tes to write a composition on the topic “Friends”. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:

朋友对我们非常重要。交友之道。交友不能失去自我。

Friends We all know how important friends are in our lives. Friends support us

when we need encouragement, take our side, and advise us on important decisions. Our worries are lessened and joys are intensified with friends.

To make friends we need to be honest and sincere. Lies may win us temporary friends, but the relationship will not last long. We should be able to be ourselves with our friends - that's actually where the true value of friendship lies. Moreover, we should be willing to help when needed. Friendship is just like a flower that needs watering and careful nurturing.

It's easy for a person who's weak-minded to lose himself in an intimate relationship. Don't let that happen to you. Maintain your independence, and help your friend maintain his, for great friendship helps you find and build up yourself instead of submerging in it.