united states - encyclopedia britannica · 2017-04-04 · age breakdown(2015): population by race...

DemographyPopulation (2016): 323,349,0002.Density (2016)3: persons per sq mi 91.6,persons per sq km 35.3.

Sex distribution (2015): male 49.23%;female 50.77%.

Population projection: (2020) 332,266,000;(2030) 355,927,000.

Households (2015). Total households124,587,000 (married-couple families60,010,000 [48.2%]). Average house-

hold size 2.5; 1 person 28.0%, 2 persons 33.6%, 3 persons15.5%, 4 persons 13.2%, 5 or more persons 9.7%. Family households: 81,716,000(65.6%); nonfamily 42,871,000 (34.4%), of which 1-person 81.3%.

Place of birth (2014): native-born 276,465,000 (86.7%); foreign-born 42,392,000(13.3%), of which Mexico 11,714,489, India 2,205,912, China and Hong Kong1,929,535, the Philippines 1,926,292, El Salvador 1,315,474, Vietnam 1,291,807, Cuba1,172,899, South Korea 1,079,784.

Immigration (2014): permanent immigrants admitted 1,016,518. Refugee arrivals(2015) 69,920. Asylum seekers (2015) 26,124.

Urban-rural (2011):

United States

Official name: United States of America.Form of government: federal republicwith two legislative houses (Senate[100]; House of Representatives [4351]).

Head of state and government: PresidentBarack Obama.

Capital: Washington, D.C.Official language: none.Official religion: none.Monetary unit: dollar (U.S.$); valuation(Sept. 1, 2016) 1 U.S.$ = >0.89; 1 U.S.$ = £0.75.

Area and populationarea4 population area4 population

2016 2016States Capitals sq mi sq km estimate5 States Capitals sq mi sq km estimate5

Alabama Montgomery 52,420 135,767 4,863,300Alaska Juneau 665,384 1,723,337 741,894Arizona Phoenix 113,990 295,233 6,931,071Arkansas Little Rock 53,179 137,732 2,988,248California Sacramento 163,695 423,967 39,250,017Colorado Denver 104,094 269,603 5,540,545Connecticut Hartford 5,543 14,357 3,576,452Delaware Dover 2,489 6,446 952,065Florida Tallahassee 65,757 170,311 20,612,439Georgia Atlanta 59,425 153,911 10,310,371Hawaii Honolulu 10,970 28,412 1,428,557Idaho Boise 83,569 216,443 1,683,140Illinois Springfield 57,914 149,996 12,801,539Indiana Indianapolis 36,420 94,326 6,633,053Iowa Des Moines 56,273 145,745 3,134,693Kansas Topeka 82,278 213,100 2,907,289Kentucky Frankfort 40,408 104,656 4,436,974Louisiana Baton Rouge 52,375 135,651 4,681,666Maine Augusta 35,380 91,634 1,331,479Maryland Annapolis 12,406 32,131 6,016,447Massachusetts Boston 10,554 27,336 6,811,779Michigan Lansing 96,713 250,487 9,928,300Minnesota St. Paul 86,935 225,161 5,519,952Mississippi Jackson 48,441 125,460 2,988,726Missouri Jefferson City 69,707 180,540 6,093,000Montana Helena 147,040 380,832 1,042,520Nebraska Lincoln 77,347 200,329 1,907,116

Nevada Carson City 110,572 286,380 2,940,058New Hampshire Concord 9,349 24,214 1,334,795New Jersey Trenton 8,723 22,591 8,944,469New Mexico Santa Fe 121,590 314,917 2,081,015New York Albany 54,555 141,297 19,745,289North Carolina Raleigh 53,819 139,391 10,146,788North Dakota Bismarck 70,698 183,108 757,952Ohio Columbus 44,826 116,098 11,614,373Oklahoma Oklahoma City 69,899 181,037 3,923,561Oregon Salem 98,379 254,800 4,093,465Pennsylvania Harrisburg 46,054 119,280 12,784,227Rhode Island Providence 1,545 4,001 1,056,426South Carolina Columbia 32,020 82,933 4,961,119South Dakota Pierre 77,116 199,729 865,454Tennessee Nashville 42,144 109,153 6,651,194Texas Austin 268,597 695,662 27,862,596Utah Salt Lake City 84,898 219,884 3,051,217Vermont Montpelier 9,616 24,906 624,594Virginia Richmond 42,775 110,787 8,411,808Washington Olympia 71,298 184,661 7,288,000West Virginia Charleston 24,230 62,756 1,831,102Wisconsin Madison 65,496 169,635 5,778,708Wyoming Cheyenne 97,813 253,334 585,501

DistrictDistrict of Columbia — 68 177 681,170TOTAL 3,677,6496 9,525,0676 323,127,513

Republican Donald Trump was elected the 45thpresident of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016,confounding opinion polling that had shown his

Democratic opponent, Hillary Clinton, to have a slim butconsistent lead both nationally and in key battlegroundstates in the lead-up to the vote. Although Clinton—a for-mer first lady, secretary of state, and U.S. senator—wonthe popular vote by more than 2.6 million votes, Trump—a billionaire real-estate developer and reality TV star—triumphed in the electoral college, securing 306 electoralvotes to 232 for Clinton. The Republicans held on to theirmajorities in the House and the Senate. (See SpecialReport on page 298.)

© 2017 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

World DataE N C Y C L O P Æ D I A

Britannica

Age breakdown (2015):

Population by race and Hispanic7 origin (2015):

Religious affiliation (2005):

Components of population change (2010–14)net domestic/

net change in percentage internationalStates population8 change births deaths migration

Alabama 69,250 1.4 249,818 207,826 26,687Alaska 26,483 3.7 47,988 17,081 –14,011Arizona 339,174 5.3 367,725 210,702 172,848Arkansas 50,411 1.7 162,691 124,578 13,316California 1,547,997 4.2 2,144,767 1,041,844 459,574Colorado 326,542 6.5 278,842 140,585 183,324Connecticut 22,581 0.6 156,554 124,313 –5,861Delaware 37,678 4.2 47,400 33,845 23,974Florida 1,088,674 5.8 908,600 760,861 917,135Georgia 408,662 4.2 556,992 308,766 151,661Hawaii 59,260 4.4 80,734 45,388 24,911Idaho 66,812 4.3 96,826 49,597 18,656Illinois 48,993 0.4 678,650 433,772 –190,144Indiana 112,663 1.7 353,871 246,674 8,366Iowa 60,257 2.0 163,391 118,503 16,875Kansas 50,889 1.8 170,209 104,162 –15,299Kentucky 74,108 1.7 235,345 181,384 21,472Louisiana 116,197 2.6 264,495 176,623 28,462Maine 1,728 0.1 53,972 55,009 2,768Maryland 202,622 3.5 310,306 191,599 86,740Massachusetts 197,591 3.0 309,219 228,008 122,642Michigan 25,744 0.3 481,063 381,059 –72,674Minnesota 153,248 2.9 291,521 168,050 31,088Mississippi 25,976 0.9 165,775 123,715 –16,999Missouri 74,666 1.2 321,112 236,479 –8,048Montana 34,162 3.5 51,465 38,383 20,502Nebraska 55,162 3.0 109,785 63,958 10,030Nevada 138,407 5.1 149,568 88,521 74,737New Hampshire 10,347 0.8 53,225 45,357 3,013New Jersey 146,239 1.7 444,933 300,194 6,968New Mexico 26,380 1.3 115,471 70,216 –18,886New York 368,115 1.9 1,023,877 638,192 –1,626North Carolina 408,273 4.3 511,558 345,465 233,880North Dakota 66,891 9.9 42,376 25,140 48,867Ohio 57,438 0.5 586,295 471,142 –50,959Oklahoma 126,435 3.4 224,135 157,577 66,558Oregon 139,166 3.6 191,586 139,246 85,464Pennsylvania 84,325 0.7 604,903 539,878 29,004Rhode Island 2,242 0.2 46,520 40,353 –3,441South Carolina 207,081 4.5 244,058 182,009 139,545South Dakota 38,984 4.8 51,014 30,398 18,038Tennessee 203,077 3.2 339,088 258,632 121,745Texas 1,810,854 7.2 1,626,353 733,219 893,134Utah 179,017 6.5 218,387 64,878 153,509Vermont 817 0.1 25,598 22,735 –1,653Virginia 325,266 4.1 437,406 259,805 145,075Washington 336,987 5.0 370,520 214,584 179,873West Virginia –2,707 –0.1 87,357 92,030 3,010Wisconsin 70,275 1.2 285,690 203,329 –11,288Wyoming 20,386 3.6 31,985 19,028 7,195

DistrictDistrict of Columbia 57,126 9.5 39,983 20,670 37,229TOTAL/RATE 10,098,951 3.3 16,811,002 10,775,362 4,063,3116

Principal metropolitan statistical areas/cities (2015)Metropolitanstatistical area population Largest city proper population

New York–Newark–Jersey City 20,182,305 New York 8,550,405Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim 13,340,068 Los Angeles 3,971,883Chicago-Naperville-Elgin 9,551,031 Chicago 2,720,546Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington 7,102,796 Dallas 1,300,092Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land 6,656,947 Houston 2,296,224Washington-Arlington-Alexandria 6,097,684 Washington 672,228Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington 6,069,875 Philadelphia 1,567,442Miami–Fort Lauderdale–

West Palm Beach 6,012,331 Miami 441,003Atlanta–Sandy Springs–Roswell 5,710,795 Atlanta 463,878Boston-Cambridge-Newton 4,774,321 Boston 667,137San Francisco–Oakland-Hayward 4,656,132 San Francisco 864,816Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale 4,574,531 Phoenix 1,563,025Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario 4,489,159 Riverside 322,424Detroit-Warren-Dearborn 4,302,043 Detroit 677,116Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue 3,733,580 Seattle 684,451Minneapolis–St. Paul–Bloomington 3,524,583 Minneapolis 410,939San Diego–Carlsbad 3,299,521 San Diego 1,394,928Tampa–St. Petersburg–Clearwater 2,975,225 Tampa 369,075Denver-Aurora-Lakewood 2,814,330 Denver 682,545St. Louis 2,811,588 St. Louis 315,685Baltimore-Columbia-Towson 2,797,407 Baltimore 621,849Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia 2,426,363 Charlotte 827,097Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro 2,389,228 Portland 632,309Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford 2,387,138 Orlando 270,934San Antonio–New Braunfels 2,384,075 San Antonio 1,469,845Pittsburgh 2,353,045 Pittsburgh 304,391Sacramento-Roseville-Arden-Arcade 2,274,194 Sacramento 490,712Cincinnati 2,157,719 Cincinnati 298,550Las Vegas–Henderson-Paradise 2,114,801 Las Vegas 623,747Kansas City 2,087,471 Kansas City, Mo. 475,378Cleveland-Elyria 2,060,810 Cleveland 388,072Columbus, Ohio 2,021,632 Columbus 850,106Austin–Round Rock 2,000,860 Austin 931,830Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson 1,988,817 Indianapolis 853,173San Jose–Sunnyvale–Santa Clara 1,976,836 San Jose 1,026,908Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro-

Franklin 1,830,345 Nashville 654,610Virginia Beach–Norfolk–Newport News 1,724,876 Virginia Beach 452,745Providence-Warwick 1,613,070 Providence 179,207Milwaukee-Waukesha–West Allis 1,575,747 Milwaukee 600,155Jacksonville 1,449,481 Jacksonville 868,031Oklahoma City 1,358,452 Oklahoma City 631,346Memphis 1,344,127 Memphis 655,770Louisville–Jefferson County 1,278,413 Louisville 615,366Raleigh 1,273,568 Raleigh 451,066Richmond 1,271,334 Richmond 220,289New Orleans–Metairie 1,262,888 New Orleans 389,617Hartford–West Hartford–East Hartford 1,211,324 Hartford 124,006Salt Lake City 1,170,266 Salt Lake City 192,672Birmingham-Hoover 1,145,647 Birmingham 212,461Buffalo-Cheektowaga–Niagara Falls 1,135,230 Buffalo 258,071Rochester, New York 1,081,954 Rochester, N.Y. 209,802Grand Rapids–Wyoming, Michigan 1,038,583 Grand Rapids 195,097

Countries of origin of permanent immigrants (2014):



Britannica

Social indicatorsAccess to services (2009). Proportion of occupieddwellings having access to: electricity 100.0%; safepublic water supply 99.4%; public sewage collection79.3%; septic tanks 20.5%.

Social participation (2010). Eligible voters participatingin last presidential election (2016): 58.1%. Populationage 16 and over volunteering for an organization26.3%; median annual hours 52. Trade-union membership in total workforce 11.9%.

Social deviance (2009). Offense rate per 100,000 population for: murder 5.0; rape 28.7; robbery133.0; aggravated assault 262.8; motor-vehicle theft 258.8; burglary and housebreaking 716.3; lar-ceny-theft 2,060.9; drug-abuse violation (2007) 495.5; drunkenness (2007) 149.5. Estimated per-centage of drug and substance users (population age 12 and over): cigarettes 24.2%; binge alco-hol12 23.3%; marijuana and hashish 5.8%. Rate per 100,000 population of suicide (2008): 11.6.

Leisure (2010). Favourite leisure activities (percentage of total population age 18 and over thatundertook activity at least once in the previous year): attending a movie, n.a., dining out 49.3%,entertaining friends or relatives at home 38.3%, reading books 37.9%, barbecuing 34.7%.

Material well-being (2009). Occupied dwellings with householder possessing: automobiles, trucks,or vans 92.2%, 1 car with or without trucks or vans 46.9%, 2 cars 25.1%, only trucks and vans12.4%, no cars, trucks, or vans 7.8%, 3 or more cars 7.8%; television receiver 98.2%; telephone97.8%; air conditioner 88.8%; video 90.2%13; cable television 79.9%; washing machine 77.9%;clothes dryer 75.8%; personal computers 61.8%14; Internet connections 71.1%; broadbandInternet (2010) 68.2%.

Vital statisticsBirth rate per 1,000 population (2014): 12.5 (world avg. 19.5).

Death rate per 1,000 population (2014): 8.2 (world avg. 8.1).Life expectancy at birth (2014): male 76.4 years, of whichwhite male 76.7 years, black male 72.5 years, Hispanic male79.2 years; female 84.0 years, of which white female 81.4years, black female 78.4 years, Hispanic female 84.0 years.

Adult population (ages 15–49) living with HIV (2009): 0.6%(world avg. 0.8%).

Vital statistics (2014) infantmortality abortion

birth rate death rate rate per rate perlive per 1,000 per 1,000 1,000 1,000 life

States births population population9 live births live births10 expectancy11

Alabama 59,422 12.3 10.1 8.7 190 74.6Alaska 11,392 15.5 5.3 6.6 148 76.7Arizona 86,887 12.9 7.5 6.2 228 77.5Arkansas 38,511 13.0 10.1 7.5 126 75.1California 502,879 13.0 6.3 4.3 427 78.3Colorado 65,830 12.3 6.4 4.8 245 78.4Connecticut 36,285 10.1 8.3 4.9 457 78.4Delaware 10,972 11.7 8.6 6.7 628 76.6Florida 219,991 11.1 9.1 6.1 442 77.5Georgia 130,946 13.0 7.2 7.5 301 75.3Hawaii 18,550 13.1 7.2 4.5 297 79.8Idaho 22,876 14.0 7.6 5.5 81 78.0Illinois 158,556 12.3 7.9 6.6 340 76.7Indiana 84,080 12.7 8.9 7.1 128 76.2Iowa 39,687 12.8 9.2 4.8 172 78.5Kansas 39,223 13.5 8.7 6.3 268 77.5Kentucky 56,170 12.7 9.8 7.1 80 75.3Louisiana 64,497 13.9 8.9 7.5 240 74.4Maine 12,698 9.5 9.8 6.7 220 77.6Maryland 73,921 12.4 7.5 6.5 469 76.3Massachusetts 71,908 10.7 8.2 4.4 340 78.4Michigan 114,375 11.5 9.1 6.5 323 76.5Minnesota 69,904 12.8 7.5 5.0 191 79.1Mississippi 38,736 12.9 9.8 8.2 70 73.7Missouri 75,360 12.4 9.3 6.1 98 76.2Montana 12,432 12.1 9.1 5.5 185 77.3Nebraska 26,794 14.2 8.4 5.1 110 78.3Nevada 35,861 12.6 7.5 5.5 381 75.9New Hampshire 12,302 9.3 8.2 4.3 249 78.5New Jersey 103,305 11.6 8.0 4.4 511 77.5New Mexico 26,052 12.5 7.9 5.4 225 77.3New York 238,773 12.1 7.7 4.7 635 77.9North Carolina 120,975 12.2 8.3 7.1 275 75.8North Dakota 11,359 15.4 8.7 5.1 147 78.7Ohio 139,467 12.0 9.7 6.9 243 76.4Oklahoma 53,339 13.8 9.8 8.1 137 75.3Oregon 45,556 11.5 8.5 5.1 286 77.9Pennsylvania 142,268 11.1 10.1 5.9 286 76.8Rhode Island 10,823 10.3 9.1 4.4 456 78.2South Carolina 57,627 11.9 9.0 6.5 127 74.9South Dakota 12,283 14.4 8.9 5.9 72 78.0Tennessee 81,602 12.5 9.5 6.9 246 75.0Texas 399,766 14.8 6.6 5.9 224 76.7Utah 51,154 17.4 5.4 4.9 78 78.7Vermont 6,130 9.8 8.7 4.6 248 78.2Virginia 103,300 12.4 7.5 5.8 278 76.9Washington 88,585 12.5 7.3 4.5 280 78.2West Virginia 20,301 11.0 11.8 7.0 110 75.0Wisconsin 67,161 11.7 8.5 5.7 121 78.1Wyoming 7,696 13.2 7.7 6.4 12 77.1

DistrictDistrict of Columbia 9,509 14.4 7.4 7.3 478 72.6TOTAL/RATE 3,988,076 12.5 8.1 5.8 306 77.0

Households with Internet access

States Internet (%) Broadband (%)(2011) (2011)

Alabama 63.8 57.9Alaska 76.8 71.6Arizona 74.5 70.6Arkansas 62.2 58.8California 74.5 71.7Colorado 80.1 77.6Connecticut 78.0 75.6Delaware 72.4 69.8Florida 74.9 73.2Georgia 70.1 66.0Hawaii 71.6 68.9Idaho 74.8 70.3Illinois 72.6 69.8Indiana 67.9 63.9Iowa 71.6 67.5Kansas 75.2 71.7Kentucky 65.6 61.3Louisiana 65.6 62.2Maine 74.7 69.6Maryland 76.9 75.0Massachusetts 77.4 76.0Michigan 72.7 67.9Minnesota 78.5 74.7Mississippi 56.3 52.6Missouri 66.0 63.3Montana 67.3 63.9Nebraska 71.2 68.0Nevada 75.4 73.2New Hampshire 82.2 78.2New Jersey 76.9 74.3New Mexico 60.3 57.4New York 72.9 70.4North Carolina 68.4 66.3North Dakota 70.8 69.5Ohio 68.5 65.3Oklahoma 65.9 61.3Oregon 78.5 74.7Pennsylvania 69.7 67.3Rhode Island 73.4 70.8South Carolina 64.7 61.3South Dakota 71.0 67.3Tennessee 63.5 60.5Texas 63.3 67.2Utah 75.9 78.7Vermont 74.3 69.6Virginia 70.8 67.3Washington 81.9 78.4West Virginia 62.3 57.8Wisconsin 74.6 71.2Wyoming 74.1 70.7

DistrictDistrict of Columbia 71.0 69.1U.S. RATE 71.7 68.6



Britannica

National economyBudget (2016). Revenue: U.S.$3,335,500,000,000 (individualincome tax 48.8%, social-insurance taxes and contributions33.0%, corporation income tax 8.8%, excise taxes 2.9%,other 6.5%). Expenditures: U.S.$3,951,300,000,000 (SocialSecurity and Medicare 38.6%, defense 15.3%, health 13.3%,interest on debt 6.1%).

Total outstanding national debt (2016): U.S.$19,433,300,-000,000, of which debt held by the public U.S.$14,128,700,-000,000, intragovernment holdings U.S.$5,304,600,000,000.

Gross national income (GNI; 2015): U.S.$17,663,587,000,000 (U.S.$54,960 per capita); purchasing power parity GNI (U.S.$56,430 per capita).

Production. Agriculture, forestry, fishing (value of production in U.S.$’000,000 except as noted; 2014): corn (maize) 52,372, soy-beans 40,289, hay 19,185, wheat 11,924, almonds 6,464, grapes 5,819, cotton 5,069, potatoes 3,928, rice 3,076, strawberries 2,865,apples 2,856, tomatoes 2,460, lettuce 2,410, oranges 2,25417, walnuts 1,841, tobacco 1,835, sorghum 1,721, sugar beets 1,357, pis-tachios 1,290, peanuts (groundnuts) 1,122, sugarcane 1,083, cottonseed 1,055, mushrooms 948, onions 934, cherries 874, blueber-ries 85118, broccoli 836, carrots 710, sweet potatoes 707, lemons 64117, peaches 629, bell peppers 618, tangerines and mandarins55717, pecans 517, sunflowers 505, pears 457, cabbage 455, watermelons 341, cantaloupe 328; livestock (number of live animals)89,800,000 cattle, 67,776,000 pigs, 10,260,000 horses, 5,280,000 sheep, 1,982,900,000 chickens; roundwood (2015) 399,023,412 cu m,of which fuelwood 11% (coniferous 271,834,660 cu m, nonconiferous 127,188,752 cu m); fisheries production 5,401,817 metrictons (from aquaculture 8%); aquatic plants production 8,373 metric tons (from aquaculture, none). Metals mining (metal con-tent in metric tons unless otherwise noted; 2013): beryllium 220 (world rank: 1); molybdenum 61,000 (world rank: 2); lead340,000 (world rank: 3); gold 227,000 kg (world rank: 3); copper 1,220,000 (world rank: 4); palladium 12,500 kg (world rank: 4);zinc 760,000 (world rank: 5); platinum 3,700 kg (world rank: 5); iron 31,000,000 (world rank: 6); silver 1,090,000 kg (world rank:9). Nonmetals mining (metric tons unless otherwise noted; 2013): diatomite 770,000 (world rank: 1); bromine 235,00010 (worldrank: 1); boron 1,150,00019 (world rank: 2); kyanite 95,000 (world rank: 2); perlite 400,000 (world rank: 3); silicon 350,000 (worldrank: 3); vermiculite 100,000 (world rank: 3); barite 660,000 (world rank: 4); feldspar 490,000 (world rank: 4). Quarrying (metrictons unless otherwise noted; 2013): salt 40,100,000 (world rank: 2); phosphate rock 32,300,000 (world rank: 2); lime 19,000,000(world rank: 2); gypsum 16,300,000 (world rank: 2). Manufacturing (value added in U.S.$’000,000; 2009): chemicals and chemicalproducts 328,871, of which pharmaceuticals and medicine 140,568; food and food products 258,615; transportation equipment229,642, of which aerospace products and parts 99,173, motor vehicle parts 51,570, motor vehicles 41,968; computer and elec-tronic products 193,242, of which semiconductors and electronics 58,361, computers and related components 25,974, communica-tions equipment 24,941; fabricated metal products 146,876; nonelectrical machinery 133,057; plastic and rubber products 82,295;petroleum and coal 78,559; paper and paper products 76,531; beverages and tobacco products 70,959; navigational, measuring,medical, and scientific equipment 58,361; printing and publishing 50,502; general electrical equipment 50,498; cement, bricks,and glass 48,900; base metals 48,170. Construction (completed; 2015): private U.S.$823,541,000,000, of which nonresidentialU.S.$389,850,000,000, residential U.S.$433,691,000,000; public U.S.$288,892,000,000.

Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 2015) 4,087,381,000,000 ([2011] 4,386,834,000,000), by source: fossil fuels66.9%; nuclear energy 19.5%; renewable energy 13.4%; other 0.2%; hard coal (metric tons; 2011–12) 967,000,000 ([2011] 387,-000,000); lignite (metric tons; 2011) 515,000,000 (520,000,000); crude petroleum (barrels; 2011–12) 3,033,000,000 (5,414,000,000);

Structure of gross domestic product and labour force2013

in value % of total labour % of labourU.S.$’000,000,000 value force15 force15

Agriculture, forestry, fishing 269 1.6 2,130,000 1.4Mining and quarrying 449 2.7 1,065,000 0.7Manufacturing 2,080 12.4 14,869,000 9.5Construction 611 3.6 9,271,000 6.0Public utilities 287 1.7 1,187,000 0.8Transp. and commun. 1,292 7.7 9,188,000 5.9Trade, hotels, restaurants 2,415 14.4 30,002,000 19.3Finance, real estate 3,294 19.6 26,642,000 17.1Pub. admin., defense 2,186 13.0 6,708,000 4.3Services 3,917 23.3 42,867,000 27.6Other — — 11,460,00016 7.416

TOTAL 16,800 100.0 155,389,000 100.0

Components of gross domestic product (2015)per capita per capita

gross domestic personal disposable gross domestic personal disposableproduct by state income personal product by state income personal

(U.S.$’000,- (U.S.$’000,- income (U.S.$’000,- (U.S.$’000,- incomeStates 000,000) 000,000) (U.S.$) States 000,000) 000,000) (U.S.$)

Alabama 204.2 189.4 35,213Alaska 52.8 41.3 50,742Arizona 290.6 266.8 35,033Arkansas 123.2 116.5 35,187California 2,458.5 2,061.3 44,933Colorado 314.9 275.1 43,835Connecticut 258.5 240.5 55,568Delaware 68.1 45.1 42,229Florida 882.8 894.2 39,241Georgia 495.7 414.3 35,880Hawaii 79.7 68.4 42,645Idaho 65.2 62.1 33,646Illinois 775.0 636.3 42,583Indiana 336.4 271.4 36,471Iowa 174.1 140.5 39,915Kansas 147.8 133.6 40,640Kentucky 194.6 172.6 34,865Louisiana 243.3 202.0 38,954Maine 56.6 55.9 37,544Maryland 363.8 337.2 48,287Massachusetts 476.7 414.7 50,993Michigan 466.5 421.0 37,436Minnesota 333.3 277.5 43,323Mississippi 107.1 106.1 32,424Missouri 293.4 260.1 37,949Montana 45.9 42.6 36,512Nebraska 114.0 91.0 42,591

Nevada 141.3 122.0 37,532New Hampshire 72.6 72.9 49,069New Jersey 568.2 535.6 51,295New Mexico 92.2 80.2 34,871New York 1,441.0 1,142.5 47,590North Carolina 499.4 408.4 36,049North Dakota 54.8 41.2 47,515Ohio 608.1 505.0 38,449Oklahoma 180.4 173.2 39,787Oregon 215.3 173.2 37,222Pennsylvania 689.2 629.7 43,206Rhode Island 57.0 52.9 44,201South Carolina 198.7 186.3 34,129South Dakota 46.7 38.6 40,505Tennessee 314.2 277.7 38,423Texas 1,586.5 1,284.3 41,725Utah 147.1 117.0 34,599Vermont 30.4 30.0 42,654Virginia 479.8 437.1 45,453Washington 443.7 366.8 45,511West Virginia 73.7 68.3 33,426Wisconsin 305.8 263.3 40,095Wyoming 38.6 32.4 48,725

DistrictDistrict of Columbia 122.5 48.1 60,476TOTAL/AVERAGE 17,830.36 15,324.06 41,6246



Britannica

National economy (continued)petroleum products (metric tons; 2011) 736,962,000 (700,320,000); natural gas (cum; 2011–12) 670,610,000,000 ([2011] 686,331,000,000). Domestic production ofenergy by source (2015): natural gas 37.0%; coal 20.4%; crude petroleum 22.3%;renewable energy 10.9%; nuclear power 9.4%.

Population economically active (2015): total 157,130,000 (civilian population only);participation rates: age 16 and over, male 69.1%; female56.7%; unemployed 5.3%, of which youth (ages 15–24)11.6%.

Land use as % of total land area (2011): in temporary cropsor left fallow 17.5%, in permanent crops 0.3%, in pasture27.2%, forest area 33.3%.

Energy consumption by source and by state (2014)(’000,000,000,000 Btu) nuclear

renewable electricStates petroleum natural gas24 coal energy25 power

Alabama 497 652 576 277 431Alaska 234 330 18 22 0.0Arizona 493 315 448 141 338Arkansas 326 275 339 122 151California 3,246 2,418 40 877 178Colorado 468 495 351 131 0.0Connecticut 310 241 9.1 44 166Delaware 97 107 10 7.9 0.0Florida 1,546 1,247 558 314 292Georgia 836 666 483 285 341Hawaii 233 0.2 17 30 0.0Idaho 159 94 7.5 155 0.0Illinois 1,181 1,106 1,018 241 1,024Indiana 764 725 1,222 156 0.0Iowa 426 311 401 406 43Kansas 359 290 317 150 90Kentucky 580 261 914 90 0.0Louisiana 2,037 1,563 181 158 181Maine 188 62 2.1 157 0.0Maryland 462 217 201 77 150Massachusetts 548 433.2 30 88 60Michigan 832 879 619 209 327Minnesota 582 490 313 262 133Mississippi 426 440 117 73 107Missouri 612 301 781 94 97Montana 169 79 175 137 0.0Nebraska 236 179 277 141 106Nevada 230 259 79 77 0.0New Hampshire 152 59 15 61 106New Jersey 970 798 31 94 330New Mexico 240 256 215 47 0.0New York 1,296 1,387 65 430 450North Carolina 799 461 502 201 429North Dakota 239 86 399 111 0.0Ohio 1,106 1,044 1,057 151 170Oklahoma 542 666 336 170 0.0Oregon 329 226 34 486 0.0Pennsylvania 1,191 1,257 1,039 215 823Rhode Island 88 91 26 7.5 0.0South Carolina 480 236 306 148 548South Dakota 114 84 33 139 0.0Tennessee 672 312 428 188 289Texas 5,948 4,219 1,586 607 411Utah 279 253 344 29 0.0Vermont 80 11 26 35 53Virginia 785 437 278 162 316Washington 696 320 77 948 99West Virginia 186 162 817 56 0.0Wisconsin 543 478 417 177 99Wyoming 173 142 489 55 0.0

DistrictDistrict of Columbia 20 35 — 1.2 0.0TOTAL 34,9996 27,4526 17,9976 9,4406 8,338

Median household income23

2012 2013 2014States (in current U.S.$) (in current U.S.$) (in current U.S.$)

Alabama 41,574 42,849 42,830Alaska 67,712 72,237 71,583Arizona 47,826 48,510 50,068Arkansas 40,112 40,511 41,262California 58,328 60,190 61,933Colorado 56,765 58,823 61,303Connecticut 67,276 67,098 70,048Delaware 58,415 57,846 59,716Florida 45,040 46,036 47,463Georgia 47,209 47,829 49,321Hawaii 66,259 68,020 69,592Idaho 45,489 46,783 47,861Illinois 55,137 56,210 57,444Indiana 46,974 47,529 49,446Iowa 50,957 52,229 53,712Kansas 50,241 50,972 52,504Kentucky 41,724 43,399 42,958Louisiana 42,944 44,164 44,555Maine 46,709 46,974 49,462Maryland 71,122 72,483 73,971Massachusetts 65,339 66,768 69,160Michigan 46,859 48,273 49,847Minnesota 58,906 60,702 61,481Mississippi 37,095 37,963 39,680Missouri 45,321 46,931 48,363Montana 45,076 46,972 46,328Nebraska 50,723 51,440 52,686Nevada 49,760 51,230 51,450New Hampshire 63,280 64,230 66,532New Jersey 69,667 70,165 71,919New Mexico 42,558 43,872 44,803New York 56,448 57,369 58,878North Carolina 45,150 45,906 46,556North Dakota 53,585 55,759 59,029Ohio 46,829 48,081 49,308Oklahoma 44,312 45,690 47,529Oregon 49,161 50,251 51,075Pennsylvania 51,230 52,007 53,234Rhode Island 54,554 55,902 54,891South Carolina 43,107 44,163 45,238South Dakota 48,362 48,947 50,979Tennessee 42,764 44,297 44,361Texas 50,740 51,704 53,035Utah 57,049 59,770 60,922Vermont 52,977 52,578 54,166Virginia 61,741 62,666 64,902Washington 57,573 58,405 61,366West Virginia 40,196 41,253 41,059Wisconsin 51,059 51,467 52,622Wyoming 54,901 58,752 57,055

DistrictDistrict of Columbia 66,583 67,572 71,648U.S. AVERAGE 51,371 52,250 53,657

Financial aggregates2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Exchange rate, U.S.$ per:£20 1.56 1.55 1.60 1.58 1.56 1.65 1.53SDR20 1.54 1.53 1.58 1.53 1.52 1.52 1.40

Interest and pricesCentral bank discount

(%)21 0.50 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 1.00Govt. bond yield (%)20 3.26 3.21 2.79 1.80 2.35 2.54 2.14Industrial share prices20

(2010 = 100) 83.2 100.0 112.2 121.6 140.7 157.3 165.0

Breakdown of 13.4% renewable energy22 (2015):



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Foreign tradeImports (2014): U.S.$2,345,187,100,000 (crude and

refined petroleum 13.9%, motor vehicles 11.0%,chemicals and chemical products 8.9%, electricalmachinery 6.8%, telecommunications equipment6.5%, computers and office equipment 5.0%, foodand live animals 4.1%, industrial machinery 3.9%,wearing apparel 3.8%). Major import sources:

Exports (2014): U.S.$1,623,442,900,000 (chemicalsand chemical products 13.1%, mineral fuels 9.6%,motor vehicles 8.1%, other transportation equip-ment 8.1%, electrical machinery 7.0%, food and liveanimals 6.9%, crude materials [inedible] 5.4%, gen-eral industrial machinery 4.8%, scientific and preci-sion equipment 3.8%, specialized industrial machin-ery 3.3%, telecommunications equipment 3.3%,computers and office equipment 3.1%).Major export destinations:

Education and healthLiteracy (2003): percentage of population age 16 and over: “illiterate” (ableto perform no more than the most simple literacy skills) 14% (or30,000,000 people); “basically literate” (able to perform simple and every-day literacy activities) 29% (or 63,000,000 people); “intermediately andproficiently literate” (able to perform moderately challenging to complexliteracy activities) 57% (or 123,000,000 people). An additional 6,500,000people were not interviewed for this 2003 survey because they did notspeak English or had cognitive or mental disabilities.

Food (2009): daily per capita caloric intake 3,688 (vegetable products 72.5%,animal products 27.5%); 186% of FAO recommended minimum require-ment. Per capita consumption of major food groups (kilograms annually):milk 255.6; fresh vegetables 122.9; fresh fruits 110.6; cereal products 108.2;red meat 69.1; potatoes 53.7; poultry products 49.0; fats and oil 33.4; sugar33.1; fish and shellfish 24.1; undernourished population (2006–08) less than5% of total population.

Health (2013): doctors of medicine 1,045,90027 (1 per 303 persons), of which office-based practice 600,900—male 68.1%, female31.9% (including specialties in internal medicine 16.9%, general and family practice 9.0%, pediatrics 8.1%, anesthesiology4.4%, obstetrics and gynecology 4.2%, psychiatry 3.9%, general surgery 3.7%, emergency medicine 3.7%, diagnostic radiology2.6%, orthopedic surgery 2.5%, cardiovascular diseases 2.3%, ophthalmology 1.9%, pathology 1.8%); doctors of osteopathy82,146; nurses (2014) 2,355,360 (1 per 135 persons); dentists (2007) 184,000 (1 per 1,639 persons); hospital beds (2014) 902,000(1 per 354 persons), of which nonfederal 95.7% (community hospitals 87.3%, psychiatric 7.5%, long-term general and special0.9%), federal 4.3%; infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births (2014) 5.8.

High school and college graduates (2010)Percent age 25 and over

States high school college

Alabama 82.1 21.9Alaska 91.0 27.9Arizona 85.6 25.9Arkansas 82.9 19.5California 80.7 30.1Colorado 89.7 36.4Connecticut 88.6 35.5Delaware 87.7 27.8Florida 85.5 25.8Georgia 84.3 27.3Hawaii 89.9 29.5Idaho 88.3 24.4Illinois 86.9 30.8Indiana 87.0 22.7Iowa 90.6 24.9Kansas 89.2 29.8Kentucky 81.9 20.5Louisiana 81.9 21.4Maine 90.3 26.8Maryland 88.1 36.1Massachusetts 89.1 39.0Michigan 88.7 25.2Minnesota 91.8 31.8Mississippi 81.0 19.5Missouri 86.9 25.6Montana 91.7 28.8Nebraska 90.4 28.6Nevada 84.7 21.7New Hampshire 91.5 32.8New Jersey 88.0 35.4New Mexico 83.3 25.0New York 84.9 32.5North Carolina 84.7 26.5North Dakota 90.3 27.6Ohio 88.1 24.6Oklahoma 86.2 22.9Oregon 88.8 28.8Pennsylvania 88.4 27.1Rhode Island 83.5 30.2South Carolina 84.1 24.5South Dakota 89.6 26.3Tennessee 83.6 23.1Texas 80.7 25.9Utah 90.6 29.3Vermont 91.0 33.6Virginia 86.5 34.2Washington 89.8 31.1West Virginia 83.2 17.5Wisconsin 90.1 24.1Wyoming 92.3 22.3

DistrictDistrict of Columbia 87.4 50.1U.S. RATE 85.6 28.2

The U.S. National Park Service (NPS) celebrated its centennialin 2016. Pres. Woodrow Wilson signed the Organic Act

creating the NPS on Aug. 25, 1916. Its purpose is to “conservethe scenery and the natural and historic objects and the wild lifetherein and to provide for the enjoyment of the same in suchmanner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for theenjoyment of future generations.” At that time 35 national parksand monuments were under its purview. The system nowcomprises more than 400 sites covering more than 131,250 sq mi(339,935 sq km) in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, PuertoRico, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Guam, and theNorthern Mariana Islands. The anniversary was marked by ayearlong series of special initiatives.

DID YOU KNOW?



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1Excludes 5 nonvoting delegates from the District of Columbia, the U.S. Virgin Islands, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, and Guam and a nonvoting residentcommissioner from Puerto Rico. 2Includes military personnel overseas. 3Based on land area only. 4Total area (excluding 42,334 sq mi [109,645 sq km] of coastal water and 76,804sq mi [198,921 sq km] of territorial water) equals 3,677,649 sq mi (9,525,067 sq km), of which land area equals 3,531,925 sq mi (9,147,643 sq km), inland water area equals 85,631sq mi (221,783 sq km), and Great Lakes water area equals 60,093 sq mi (155,641 sq km). 5Excluding military abroad. 6Detail does not add to total given because of rounding.7Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. 8Net change in population does not include a usual small residual population that is not accounted for under births less deathsin conjunction with net domestic/international migration. 92011. 102008. 112000. 12Drinking 5 or more drinks on the same occasion on at least one day in the past 30 days per sur-vey. 132005. 142003. 15Excludes military personnel overseas. 16Unemployed. 172013–14. 182012. 192006. 20Period average. 21End of year. 22Electricity. 23In current dollars in con-junction with annually revised U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics experimental Consumer Price Index (or CPI-U-RS deflator). 24Includes supplemental gaseous fuels. 25Includeshydroelectric power, biomass, geothermal, solar thermal and photovoltaic, and wind energy. 26Less than 0.7 trillion Btu. 27Includes Puerto Rico and other U.S. dependencies.28Excludes doctors of osteopathy, physicians with unknown addresses, and inactive physicians. 29Passenger cars (including light trucks and vans) 7,336,925,000,000; buses507,800,000,000; other 29,604,000,000. 30Subscribers. 31Excluding foreign-flagged U.S.-domiciled vessels. 32Excludes service pipelines. 33Includes national guard.

Internet resources for further information:• U.S. Census Bureau www.census.gov• Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2012 www.census.gov/library/publications/2011/compendia/statab/131ed.html

Active physicians and nurses (2013)

physicians nurses physicians nurses

per 100,000 per 100,000 per 100,000 per 100,000States number population number population States number population number population

Alabama 9,927 205 39,260 812Alaska 1,575 214 4,770 649Arizona 14,126 213 40,250 607Arkansas 5,820 197 19,680 665California 95,986 250 225,630 589Colorado 13,240 251 36,860 700Connecticut 12,385 344 29,710 826Delaware 2,101 227 8,550 924Florida 45,977 235 147,660 755Georgia 21,098 211 56,820 569Hawaii 3,867 275 9,010 642Idaho 2,651 164 10,660 661Illinois 34,320 266 98,590 765Indiana 13,643 208 55,230 841Iowa 5,436 176 28,820 933Kansas 6,218 215 24,150 834Kentucky 9,746 222 37,110 844Louisiana 11,969 259 35,910 776Maine 3,474 262 11,970 901Maryland 20,893 352 37,700 636Massachusetts 27,981 418 68,710 1,027Michigan 24,317 246 82,990 839Minnesota 15,322 283 50,770 937Mississippi 5,223 175 24,490 819Missouri 14,182 235 57,970 959Montana 2,096 206 7,770 765Nebraska 4,392 235 16,310 873

Nevada 4,819 173 14,900 534New Hampshire 3,702 280 10,720 810New Jersey 25,236 284 66,900 752New Mexico 4,638 222 12,000 575New York 68,929 351 137,870 702North Carolina 23,412 238 78,540 798North Dakota 1,686 233 6,630 917Ohio 29,871 258 110,680 957Oklahoma 6,460 168 21,460 557Oregon 10,577 269 24,160 615Pennsylvania 35,924 281 111,350 872Rhode Island 3,731 355 10,340 983South Carolina 10,435 219 34,840 730South Dakota 1,853 219 10,180 1,205Tennessee 16,363 252 50,230 773Texas 54,241 205 161,870 612Utah 5,828 201 16,460 567Vermont 2,161 345 5,860 935Virginia 20,816 252 51,300 621Washington 17,419 250 43,640 626West Virginia 3,957 213 16,310 880Wisconsin 14,290 249 49,780 867Wyoming 991 170 3,670 630

DistrictDistrict of Columbia 4,182 647 9,080 1,405U.S. TOTAL 799,4862, 28 253 2,326,120 736

Transport and communicationsTransport. Railroads (2008): route length 125,541 mi, 202,039 km,of which Amtrak operates 21,178 mi, 34,083 km; passenger-km9,943,000,000; metric ton-km cargo 2,523,786,000,000.Roads (2012): total length 4,092,730 mi, 6,586,610 km(paved [2008] 67%); length of expressways 47,432 mi,76,334 km; passenger-km (2009) 7,874,329,000,00029;metric ton-km cargo (2006) 1,885,576,000,000.Vehicles (2013): passenger cars 113,676,000; trucksand buses 133,796,000. Merchant marine (2006)31:vessels (1,000 gross tons and over) 625; total dead-weight tonnage 10,172,000. Navigable channels (2008) 25,320 mi,40,749 km; oil pipeline length (2009) 172,048 mi, 276,884 km; gaspipeline32 (2009) 1,540,000 mi, 2,478,000 km.

Communicationsunits units

number per 1,000 number per 1,000Medium date in ’000s persons Medium date in ’000s persons

TelephonesCellular 2015 382,30730 1,17630

Landline 2015 121,991 375

Internet users 2009 239,894 762Broadband 2015 102,51630 31530

MilitaryTotal active duty personnel (November 2015): 1,381,250.

Total reserve duty personnel33 (November 2015):840,500 (army 63.4%, navy 11.5%, air force 19.6%,marines 4.6%, coast guard 0.9%). Military expenditureas percentage of GDP (2014): 3.8%; per capita expen-diture U.S.$2,051. Major overseas deployment(November 2015): 197,900, of which in support ofOperation Inherent Resolve (in and around Iraq) c.2.0%; in support of Operation Resolute Support (inand around Afghanistan) c. 4.0%; remainder c. 94.0%.

Active duty personnel (November 2015):



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