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U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyFurnace Creek OU1 and OU2 SitesFinal FSP/QAPP

Mr. Steve KempTask Order Project OfficerU.S. Environmental Protection Agency901 North 5th StreetKansas City, Kansas 66101

B&V Project Nos. 44783/44784B&V File E.5

RECEIVED March 21, 2012

MAR 23 2012

SUPERFUND DIVISION

Dear Mr. Kemp:

Subject: Final FSP/QAPP for Furnace Creek OU1and OU2 Sites

Please find enclosed one copy of the final Field Sampling Plan (FSP) and Quality AssuranceProject Plan (QAPP) for Operable Units 1 and 2 at the Furnace Creek Site in Washington County,Missouri. Also/ enclosed is one disk with a pdf file of each document. Please review thedocuments and provide us with EPA approval of the documents.

If you have any questions, please call me at 913-458-6605.

Very truly yours,

B~ATliSP):S~

H. David SandersSite Manager

Enclosures

Black &Veatch Special Projects Corp.· 6601 College Blvd.· Overland Park, KS 66211 USA· Telephone: 913.458.2900Made fromrecycled material

Prepared for: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 7 901 North 5th

Kansas City, Kansas 66101 Street

Final

FIELD SAMPLING PLAN REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION

Washington County Lead District Furnace Creek Site OU 1 and OU2

Washington County, Missouri

March 2012

EPA Contract No.: EP-S7-05-06 EPA Task Order No.: 0112 and 0113

BVSPC Project No.: 044783

Prepared by: Black & Veatch Special Projects Corp. 6601 College Blvd Overland Park, Kansas 66211 ENERGY WATER INFORMATION GOVERNMENT

TOC-1

Table of Contents

1.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 Site Location and Description ..................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.2 Physical Setting ........................................................................................................................................... 1-2

1.3 Site Geology ................................................................................................................................................ 1-4

1.4 Site Hydrogeology ....................................................................................................................................... 1-5

1.5 Operational History .................................................................................................................................... 1-6

1.6 Previous Investigations ............................................................................................................................... 1-8

2.0 Investigation Objectives................................................................................................................................. 2-1

3.0 Investigation Activities................................................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1 Soil Sampling at Residential Properties ...................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1 Residential Property Subsurface Soil Sampling ................................................................................ 3-2 3.1.2 Residential Property Surface Soil Sampling ...................................................................................... 3-5

3.2 Potable Water Sampling at Residential Properties ..................................................................................... 3-7 3.3 Quality Assurance/ Quality Control Samples .............................................................................................. 3-9

3.3.1 Equipment Rinsate Blanks ................................................................................................................. 3-9 3.3.2 Confirmation Samples ..................................................................................................................... 3-10 3.3.3 Duplicate Samples ........................................................................................................................... 3-10 3.3.4 Matrix Spike/Matrix Spike Duplicates ............................................................................................ 3-10 3.3.5 Trip Blanks ...................................................................................................................................... 3-11 3.3.6 Field Blanks ..................................................................................................................................... 3-11

3.4 Sample Numbering System ........................................................................................................................ 3-11

3.5 Sample Custody and Handling Requirements ........................................................................................... 3-13 3.5.1 Sample Custody Requirements ........................................................................................................ 3-14 3.5.2 Sample Handling ............................................................................................................................. 3-14

3.6 Documentation .......................................................................................................................................... 3-15 3.6.1 Field Sheets ...................................................................................................................................... 3-15 3.6.2 Field Logbook for Sampling Activities ........................................................................................... 3-15 3.6.3 Sample Documentation .................................................................................................................... 3-16

3.6.3.1 Sample Labels ........................................................................................................................ 3-16 3.6.3.2 Chain of Custody Record ....................................................................................................... 3-17 3.6.3.3 Custody Seals ......................................................................................................................... 3-17 3.6.3.4 Airbill ..................................................................................................................................... 3-17

3.7 Decontamination Procedures .................................................................................................................... 3-18 3.7.1 Initial Decontamination ................................................................................................................... 3-18

3.7.1.1 Soil Sampling Equipment ....................................................................................................... 3-18 3.7.2 Intermediate Decontamination ......................................................................................................... 3-18 3.7.3 Final Decontamination ..................................................................................................................... 3-18

4.0 Investigation-Derived Waste ......................................................................................................................... 4-1

TOC-2

4.1 Liquids ......................................................................................................................................................... 4-1

4.2 Personal Protective Equipment ................................................................................................................... 4-1

4.3 Solids ........................................................................................................................................................... 4-1

5.0 Field Activities Schedule ................................................................................................................................ 5-1

6.0 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................... 6-1

Figures Figure 1-1, Location Map Figure 1-2, Site Map Figure 3-1, Potential Residential Driveway Sampling Locations Figure 3-2, Potable Water Wells that Exceeded EPA MCLs

Tables Table 3-1 Potential Residential Properties to be Sampled with Concentrations Between

400 and 600 mg/kg Table 3-2 Potential Residential Properties to be Sampled with Concentrations Between



1000 and 1200 mg/kg Table 3-5 Residential Properties Selected for 2 Potable Water Samples Table 3-6 Summary of Sampling Activities Table 3-7 Analytical Methods, Containers, Preservatives, and Maximum Holding Times

Appendices Appendix A - Example Documentation Appendix B - EPA Region 7 Standard Operating Procedures

Furnace Creek OUs 1 and 2 i 044783.01.01 FSP

Acronyms

amsl above mean sea level bgs below ground surface BHHRA Baseline Human Health Risk Assessment BVSPC Black & Veatch Special Projects Corp. CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act

CERCLA COC Chain of Custody DGLS Division of Geology and Land Survey DI Deionized water DPT Direct Push Technology o

FD Field Duplicate F degrees Fahrenheit

FSP Field Sampling Plan GPS Global Positioning System HSP Health and Safety Plan IDW Investigation Derived Waste IEUBK Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model IMOP Inventory of Mine Occurrences and Prospects MCL Maximum Contaminant Level MDNR Missouri Department of Natural Resources mg/kg milligrams per kilogram MS Matrix Spike MSD Matrix Spike Duplicate NCP National Contingency Plan OU Operable Unit PPE Personal Protective Equipment ppm Parts per Million QA Quality Assurance QAPP Quality Assurance Project Plan QC Quality Contril RA Removal Action RBLP Relative Bioaccessability Leaching Procedure RI/FS Remedial Investigation/ Feasability Study RSE Removal Site Evaluation SOP Standard Operating Procedure

Furnace Creek OUs 1 and 2 ii 044783.01.01 FSP

μg/L Microgram per liter USDA United States Department of Agriculture EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency WP Work Plan XRF X-Ray Fluorescence

Furnace Creek OUs 1 and 2 1-1 44783.01.01 FSP

1.0 Introduction

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has initiated remedial investigation/feasibility Study (RI/FS) efforts for the Washington County Lead District Furnace Creek Site Operable Units (OUs) 1 (soil) and 2 (groundwater) near Caledonia, Missouri. The RI/FS process is the methodology that the Superfund program has established for investigating risks posed by uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. Documents detailing the methodology for RI activities at the site consist of a work plan (WP), this field sampling plan (FSP), a quality assurance project plan (QAPP), and a health and safety plan (HSP).

This FSP presents a detailed description of activities planned for the RI activities for OUs 1 and 2 at the site. The RI activities include the following items:

• Collection of subsurface soil samples from 100 residential properties

(unpaved driveways) that exhibit lead concentrations between 400 and 1200 mg/kg.

• Collection of surface soil samples from 60 residential properties (unpaved driveways) for analysis of metals and in-vitro bioaccessibility of lead.

• Collection of potable water samples from 100 residential wells where subsurface soil samples are collected.

• Collection of potable water samples from 17 properties where previous sampling indicated that the EPA maximum contaminant level (MCL) for lead was exceeded.

• Sample numbering system. • Documentation. • Decontamination procedures. • Investigation derived waste (IDW) management. This FSP addresses the collection of potable water samples as well as surface and

subsurface soil samples from residential properties. Additional sampling activities (if needed) will be addressed in an amendment to this FSP. The FSP has been prepared under EPA Work Assignments No. 0112 and 0113.

1.1 Site Location and Description

The Furnace Creek site includes 175 square miles of the southeastern portion of


Washington County, Missouri (see Figure 1-1). Lead and barite mining operations have been conducted at the site since the mid 1800s. Portions of the Furnace Creek site have been divided into Study Areas 22 through 26 (see Figure 1-2). The five study areas are centered on historical mining operations identified during a thorough review of (1) the Inventory of Mine Occurrences and Prospects (IMOP) database maintained by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) and (2) historical plat maps of the site. All areas are primarily rural residential, with a number of commercial businesses present, generally along state highways (Tetra Tech EM, 2010b).

Area 22 is located in the central portion of the site and covers sections of South State Highway 21 and Furnace Creek and Younker Roads. Area 23 is near the southeastern comer of Washington County, extending from 2.5 to 6 miles east of Caledonia, Missouri, and north of State Highway 32. Area 24 is centered on Irondale, Missouri, with Highway 8 and the St. Francois County line as its northeastern and eastern boundaries, respectively. Area 25 is in the northern portion of the site, including sections of State Highway U and John Smith Road. Area 26 encompasses the northwestern comer of the site, with State Highway 8, Highway P, and Harmon Road as its northern, southern, and western boundaries, respectively (Tetra Tech EM, 2010b).

1.2 Physical Setting

Washington County is part of the Interior Highlands Division, Ozark Plateau Province, Springfield-Salem plateau section. It has a variety of landforms, surface features, geologic formations, structural complexities, and mineralized trends. Streams in the county typically flow to the north, away from the St. Francois Mountains and the Ozark Dome. Tributaries of the Meramec River drain to the west and tributaries of the Big River drain to the east. Approximately 800 acres, in the southeastern corner of the county, drain into the St. Francis River. Flood plains of the Meramec and Big Rivers and their tributaries are the most naturally fertile soils in the county. Sandy and silty deposits dominate the Meramec and Big Rivers, with the major soils being Freeburg, Gabriel, Haymond, Horesecreek, Kaintuck, and Sturkie. The small flood plains have gravelly materials that form continuous beds. Bloomsdale and Cedargap soils formed in these materials. Pruitt Mountain is the highest point in the county at 1,582 feet above mean sea level (amsl). The lowest point is near the confluence of Mineral Fork and Big River at 550 feet amsl. While the total relief is approximately 1,030 feet, local relief commonly exceeds 200 feet. Many of the upland soils in the county are suitable for construction of ponds and small reservoirs. Most of the livestock in the county gets water from these sources, as well as from small creeks and springs. Most rural households have individual


wells. Surface and groundwater quality is variable, and surveys of these waters are reportedly important to maintain overall water quality (US Department of Agricultural [USDA] 2005).

The site area is structurally complex. The study areas are within the areas affected by the Big River fault system, Cedar Creek fault, Irondale fault, Palmer fault system, Simms Mountain fault system, and Shirley fault zone. Maximum displacements of 1,200 feet are found in the fault systems. Current interpretation of the lack of more intense faulting in parts of southeastern Washington County is probably a result of a lack of detailed geologic mapping of those quadrangles, rather than a lack of faulting. Displacements are great enough to suggest that fracturing and displacement in the Davis Formation, the primary aquitard between the Ozark Aquifer and the St. Francois Aquifer, could have occurred. Additional interconnection between aquifers could be facilitated by unplugged drillholes. Division of Geology and Land Survey (DGLS) databases indicate at least 77 known exploration drillholes in southeastern Washington County. These drillholes were drilled before enactment of laws that require plugging all abandoned wells. Bedrock within the study areas is dolomite, a carbonate rock susceptible to karstification. The carbonate formations in and near the study areas contain sinkholes and springs. Losing streams are also present in the area. The Potosi Dolomite and, to a lesser extent, the Eminence Dolomite are both characterized by an extensively solutioned system of interconnected vugs or dissolution cavities. As noted above, solution-widened channels or fractures are also present, and were noted in underground lead workings. The area of mining also contains known caves. Study Area 22 is primarily Eminence and Potosi dolomite, with some Gasconade Dolomite present in the area. The structure of this area has not been mapped, due to similar appearances of the units present in the area, but the area likely is affected by the Big River fault system to the southeast and the Shirley fault zone to the northwest. Bedrock in Study Area 23 is primarily Bonneterre Formation through the Potosi or Eminence formations. The area is bracketed by the Big River fault system, Cedar Creek fault, Irondale fault, and Palmer fault system. Proterozoic volcanic rocks outcrop within the area. Study area 24 includes portions of the Big River fault system, Cedar Creek fault, Irondale fault, Palmer fault system, and Simms Mountain fault system. Bedrock varies from Bonneterre through Potosi or Eminence south of the faults to Eminence and Potosi formations north of the faults. Study area 25 is characterized by Eminence and Potosi dolomite bedrock with some Gasconade Dolomite outliers present. Unmapped structures likely are present. Bedrock in Study Area 26 is primarily Gasconade Dolomite, with some outliers of Roubidoux Formation and windows of Eminence and Potosi dolomites. The area is affected by the Shirley fault zone (MDNR 2009) (Tetra Tech 2010b).


The climate in Washington County, Missouri, is characterized by cool winters and hot summers. The average daily maximum temperature is 88 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) in the summer and 31°F during the winter. The mean annual precipitation is about 39.33 inches, with 47 percent (18.7 inches) falling between April and September (USDA 2005).

Soil and groundwater at the Furnace Creek site are contaminated by arsenic, barium, cadmium, and lead, which are common contaminants associated with local historical mining. Analytical results and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) screening have identified elevated levels of lead in groundwater and soil.

1.3 Site Geology

The Furnace Creek area is located in southeastern Washington County. Bedrock in the northern portion of the site (Study Areas 22, 24, 25, and 26) is generally Cambrian Eminence and Potosi dolomites. This is overlain by the Ordovician-aged Roubidoux and Gasconade at the northwest. In the southern part of the Furnace Creek site, the Cambrian Elvins and Bonneterre formations, which underlie the Potosi, form the uppermost bedrock. At the southeastern edge of the site (Study Area 23), closest to the St. Francois Mountains, the Lamotte Sandstone is the uppermost bedrock formation. Igneous and volcanic rocks of the Saint Francois formation extend into the southern portion of the site. (Tetra Tech EM 2009)

Fault systems trending generally southwest to northeast or northwest to southeast separate these two parts of the site. The Missouri Environmental Geology Atlas (MEGA) identifies most of the faults as belonging to the Palmer or the Big River Fault Systems (MDNR 2007). In general, about 20 to 40 feet of soil and residuum overlies bedrock (MDNR 2007).

The upper Gasconade consists of gray to tan to brown, medium to coarsely crystalline, thick to massively bedded dolomites with less than 10 percent chert. The lower Gasconade is gray to tan, fine to medium crystalline, thin bedded dolomite with chert. The Gunter Member, a persistent sandstone unit, is present at the base of the Gasconade. In some areas, the lower part of the lower Gasconade, above the Gunter Member, is identified as the “Van Buren.” The Van Buren is generally a finely crystalline dolomite containing little chert, and is similar to the upper Gasconade (Thompson 1995). Well logs for the northwestern portion of the Furnace Creek area indicate about 20 feet of Gasconade is present (MDNR 2007).

Underlying the Gasconade is the Cambrian-aged Eminence dolomite. The Eminence Dolomite consists of gray to tan, medium to coarsely crystalline, thick to massively bedded dolomite with minor nodular chert. Well logs available through MEGA indicate that as much as 130 feet of the Eminence Dolomite is present in parts of the Furnace Creek area. The Eminence has a gradational contact with the underlying Potosi dolomite.

The Potosi dolomite has distinctive weathering products of red clay, quartz druse, and masses of banded chalcedony. Dissolution, mineralization, and secondary alteration are prevalent along structural features and associated fractures. MEGA well logs indicate that


approximately 300 feet of Potosi dolomite is present in the site area. The Potosi is the major host rock for the barite and lead ores in Washington County. Much of this formation is very porous due to interconnected dissolution cavities (karst).

Underlying the Potosi are the Derby-Doerun Dolomite and Davis Formation, which form the Elvins Group (Thompson 1995). The Elvins Group consists of shales, siltstones, and dolomites. The Derby-Doerun is an argillaceous dolomite, and the upper part may be difficult to distinguish from the overlying Potosi. The underlying Davis formation consists of shale, siltstone, fine-grained sandstone, dolomite, and limestone conglomerate (Miller and Vandike 1997). MEGA well logs for the Furnace Creek area indicate that about 70 to 135 feet of Derby-Doerun and about 140 to 160 feet of the Davis Formation underlie the Potosi Dolomite.

The Cambrian Bonneterre formation underlies the Davis formation and is a medium to finely crystalline dolomite. Locally, the Bonneterre can be a limestone, and some parts of the Bonneterre are glauconitic and shaly. The Bonneterre increases in sand content towards its base. The Bonneterre is the host-rock for the ore deposits of the Old Lead Belt in St. Francois County to the east and the Viburnum Trend— sometimes called the “New Lead Belt”—to the west. Together, these lead deposits form a roughly circular pattern around the pre-Cambrian formations of the St. Francois Mountains. Most of the ores occur where lead-bearing solutions have permeated porous zones in the Bonneterre formation (Unklesbay and Vineyard 1992). The presence of ore is controlled by structures such as clastic carbonate bars or ridges, algal structures, and masses of submarine breccia. Major ore production has been from the lower half of the formation. In the Lead Belt and Viburnum Trend area, the Bonneterre is approximately 375 to 400 feet thick (Thompson 1995). On average, the thickness of the Boneterre is 350 feet (Miller and Vandike 1997). The City of Irondale No. 1 well log indicates that 335 feet of the Bonneterre Formation underlies the Davis Formation. Other logs from the area indicate Bonneterre Formation thicknesses between 302 to 360 feet (MDNR 2007).

The Bonneterre conformably overlies the Lamotte Sandstone, which is the oldest sedimentary rock formation in Washington County. It varies in color from light gray to dark brown or red. The Lamotte unconformably overlies Pre-Cambrian basement rocks and ranges in thickness from about 100 feet, along the margins of the St Francois Mountains, to over 300 feet in the western and southern parts of the Salem Plateau. It averages about 200 feet in thickness (Miller and Vandike 1997). The Lamotte Sandstone is the uppermost bedrock in the southeastern part of the Furnace Creek area, generally south or southwest of Study Area 23. Well logs indicate thickness ranging from about 40 to 120 feet, and indicate it overlies Pre-Cambrian volcanic rhyolite (MDNR 2007).

1.4 Site Hydrogeology

Groundwater flows toward the Big River and then northeastward with the river. MEGA indicates groundwater elevations range from about 1,025 feet above mean sea level (amsl) along Route DD at the western edge of the site to about 750 feet amsl along Highway 8 at the eastern


county line. Depths to groundwater range from about 50 feet below ground surface (bgs) at the southern county line around Highway BB to about 110 feet bgs where Highway 8 crosses the eastern county line.

The Ordovician rocks (including younger units eroded in this area), along with the Cambrian Eminence and Potosi dolomites, form the Ozark Aquifer. The Ozark Aquifer is the most important aquifer in the Salem Plateau for water production. Of the Ozark aquifer formations, the Potosi dolomite is the most prolific and reliable aquifer. In its outcrop area or where it is near surface, such as in the site area, the Potosi dolomite generally produces water at about 20 to 30 gallons per minute (gpm) (Miller and Vandike 1997). The upper part of the Eminence yields 50 to 75 gpm, principally due to secondary porosity developed along fractures (Miller and Vandike 1997). Wells in the northern part of the Furnace Creek site are typically producing from the Eminence and Potosi portions of the Ozark Aquifer (MDNR 2007).

Underlying the Ozark aquifer is the St. Francois confining unit, consisting of the lower-permeability Elvins Group. The St. Francois confining unit is saturated, but its hydraulic conductivity is generally too low to yield appreciable water. These confining units hydrologically separate the overlying Ozark aquifer from the deeper St. Francois aquifer; however, they only restrict rather than prevent water interchange between the two units (Miller and Vandike 1997).

The St. Francois aquifer underlies the St. Francois confining unit and consists of Cambrian-age dolomites, and limestones of the Bonneterre Formation and the underlying Lamotte Sandstone. The St. Francois aquifer is used in the unconfined outcrop area around the St. Francois Mountains, where it is the only local source of groundwater (Miller and Vandike 1997). This aquifer is rarely used where it is confined, because the thicker overlying Ozark aquifer is more readily available. Consequently, in the southern portion of the Furnace Creek site, the St. Francis aquifer is a significant source of groundwater. The Lamotte Sandstone is responsible for most of the water produced from the St. Francois aquifer. The overlying Bonneterre typically has low hydraulic conductivity and yields only modest quantities of water (Miller and Vandike 1997). Well records for the southern part of the Furnace Creek site indicate that wells are completed in Bonneterre limestone, Lamotte sandstone, and fractured Pre-Cambrian granite (MDNR 2007).

1.5 Operational History

Previous investigations at the Furnace Creek Site indicated that there were approximately 41 former mines located at the site that produced one or more of the following ores: lead, barium, zinc, iron, and silver. The majority of the former mines were located within or near Study Area 22 (Tetra Tech EM, 2009).

Within Study Area 24, the Irondale Lead Company operated a mine and blast furnace along the western side of the Big River. The mine produced nearly 800 tons of lead and zinc ore annually. In addition, a Smith furnace was operated at the Evens zinc


mine in the northwest portion of Study Area 24. The Hopewell Furnace operated from 1839 to 1875 in the northeast portion of the site between Study Areas 24 and 25. A Scotch furnace and slag furnace were used at this location. From 1841 to 1854, the Hopewell Furnace processed over 2,600 tons of lead ore. In 1876 or 1877, the Washington County Zinc Works began operating a furnace about 0.5 miles southwest of the Hopewell Furnace (Tetra Tech EM, 2009).

Until shortly after 1900, barite and galena production was by hand mining and cleaning. Most mining was in small pits and shafts sunk into the residuum, sometimes penetrating bedrock. Mining tools were a pick, a wooden shovel, and a sledge hammer. Ore was raised in buckets, hand-cobbed (hand-separated) from the surrounding rock, and cleaned of clay by shaking in a rattle box. Careful spacing of pits and shafts allowed recovery of a fourth to a half of the barite and galena available. Mechanization was introduced by Schoolcraft in 1819, when he used a drill for blasting. By the late 1800s, a larger number of mines penetrated the bedrock at depths of 100 feet or greater. In some deeper mines, vertical crevices were seen to extend from the mine level to the surface of the bedrock. The crevices were originally clay-filled; however, this material would have been removed during mining of the ore contained in the crevice. In 1904, the Point Mining and Milling Company used an early steam shovel and wet-process mill. Hand mining, however, remained the main method until 1924. Around 1924, the Eagle-Picher Company and National Pigments and Chemical Company began production with what became the dominant methods of mechanically stripping residuum and processing the material in a washer and jig plant. Bedrock was not mined. Over-sized material was still broken by hand. Jig washers were used to remove the clay, after which the material was crushed and separated using a jig or concentration table. A jig shakes the material and separates it by weight; the lighter clay, gravel, and dolomite are concentrated separately from the denser barite and galena. The galena was then separated by hand from the barite. Due to severe unemployment in Washington County, most of the operations returned to hand mining by 1931; mechanized mining reemerged in full force by 1942 (Tetra Tech EM, 2009).

After 1942, mechanized mining utilized shovels and front-end loaders. Again only residuum was mined and processed; bedrock was not mined. Residuum was loaded into trucks and hauled to the washer, where clay was removed with high pressure water in a rotary breaker. At this point, the barite began to break from the other rock, and also began to break into smaller pieces. It then passed through log washers (parallel counter-rotating cylinders with protruding inter-meshing paddles) that removed more clay and further broke the barite, then through trommels (a rotating screen or sieve), and onto the jigs, where the barite and galena were separated from any remaining waste rock. Most of the


waste material that was not placed into tailings ponds was infilled into the existing pit; large tailings piles were generally not created (Tetra Tech EM, 2009).

1.6 Previous Investigations

The MDNR conducted a macroinvertebrate bioassessment and fine sediment study of the upper Big River in Washington County in 2002. This study found that mining waste in the area had contributed to metals contamination in downstream sediments.

Tetra Tech performed a Removal Site Evaluation (RSE) from May 2008 to January 2009 to collect residential soil and groundwater data to define the extent of metals contamination. Approximately 2,250 residential properties were identified within the site boundaries and soil samples were collected from 428 of these properties (Tetra Tech EM, 2009). Soil sampling was conducted in accordance with the guidelines established in the Superfund Lead-Contaminated Residential Sites Handbook (EPA 2003). Each property was divided into four areas or quadrants. The maximum size of each area or quadrant that was sampled at each property was 100 ft by 100 ft; however the actual quadrant size was established in the field based on the site features. The quadrants extended 100 feet from the drip zone around the building or house in all directions or to the property line, whichever was shorter. Additional areas that were sampled included drip zones, fine-grained material if used for driveways, sidewalks, or under carports; vegetable gardens; and children’s play areas that were at least 25 ft by 25 ft. A composite sample consisting of nine aliquots, each collected from 0 to 2 inches below ground surface, was collected in each quadrant or area. The samples were homogenized, passed through a number 10 sieve, and screened for lead using an XRF instrument (Tetra Tech EM, 2009).

Of the 428 total properties tested for metals contamination (primarily lead) in soil, 283 properties (66 percent) contained lead at concentrations below the EPA screening level (SL) of 400 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) (EPA 2009), 112 residences (26 percent) contained lead between 400 and 1,200 mg/kg outside the drip zone, and 33 residences (8 percent) contained lead above 1,200 mg/kg outside the drip zone (Tetra Tech EM, 2009). These data are based on the highest average XRF reading for lead within the area screened at each residential property.

Tetra Tech collected groundwater samples from 303 privately owned drinking water wells for the RSE. Three samples contained lead at concentrations above the regulatory action level of 15 micrograms per liter (ug/L). The concentrations of lead ranged from 17.7 to 82.2 ug/L in these samples.


In December 2008, Tetra Tech randomly selected 30 residential properties from the 145 properties with average lead concentrations above 400 mg/kg outside of the drip zone. At each property, a sample was collected from the quadrant with the highest average lead concentration and submitted to the EPA Region 7 laboratory for analysis of bioaccessibility and total lead in the fine fraction (sieved with a number 60 mesh sieve) (Tetra Tech, EM 2009).

MDNR performed an Abbreviated Preliminary Assessment of the site in the spring of 2009 and recommended that soil and water exposure threats be further evaluated. A site investigation was initiated, and Tetra Tech performed additional sampling to fill identified data gaps. During the site investigation 23 source area samples, 41 surface water and 41 sediment samples were collected and submitted for analysis.

A Removal Action (RA) was conducted from June 2009 through October 2010. During the RA, 1,081 properties were sampled for metals contamination (primarily lead) in soil, bringing the total number of properties sampled to 1,509. Of this total, 1,049 properties (70 percent) contained lead at concentrations below the site-specific PRG of 430 mg/kg, 292 residences (19 percent) contained lead between 430 and 1,200 mg/kg outside the drip zone, and 168 residences (11 percent) contained lead above 1,200 mg/kg outside the drip zone. These data are based on the highest average XRF reading for lead within the area screened at each residential property. Tetra Tech also collected groundwater samples from an additional 763 privately owned drinking water wells during the RA, which brought the total number of private wells sampled to 1,066. Purged samples from 17 private wells contained total lead at concentrations ranging from 15 to 78.3 ug/L, which equal or exceed the action level of 15 ug/L. The private wells were resampled and only six of the wells contained lead concentrations above the 15 ug/L action level (Tetra Tech, EM 2010a).

EPA conducted removal activities at 160 time-critical properties during the RA. These activities resulted in the excavation of about 27,758 cubic yards of lead-contaminated soil and gravel. Excavated areas were backfilled with uncontaminated topsoil or base rock. During this project, about 8,460 cubic yards of clean topsoil and 23,825 tons of base rock were used to replace excavated materials. Areas that received topsoil were hydro-seeded.

The RA database received from EPA indicates that 242 properties contain lead concentrations in the driveways between 400 mg/kg and 1,200 mg/kg. Of these properties, 124 properties contain lead concentrations between 400 to 600 mg/kg, 58 properties contain lead concentrations between 600 to 800 mg/kg, 28 properties contain lead concentrations between 800 to 1,000 mg/kg, and 32 properties contain lead


concentrations between 1,000 to 1,200 mg/kg. These data indicate that aggregate containing lead was used as gravel on the driveways of residential properties.

The EPA maintains a web site information containing information concerning the Furnace Creek site at http://www.epaosc.org/site/site_profile.aspx?site_id=4142. According to the web site, as of January 17, 2011, 1,512 properties have been screened for lead contamination and 1,050 properties had lead concentrations below 430 mg/kg, 293 properties had lead concentrations between 430 mg/kg to 1,200 mg/kg, and 169 properties had a lead concentration above 1,200 mg/kg. There have been 1,156 potable water wells sampled.

http://www.epaosc.org/site/site_profile.aspx?site_id=4142�


2.0 Investigation Objectives

As indicated in Section 1.6 of this FSP, substantial data has previously been collected at the Furnace Creek Site. This data will be used to prepare the RI/FS for OUs 1 and 2. However, additional data is needed to supplement the existing data and complete the RI/FS.

The objectives of the sampling efforts included in this FSP are to obtain additional data that will be used with existing data to:

• Characterize the nature and extent of contamination attributable to aggregate and mine waste used as fill in driveways, play areas, and gardens.

• Determine whether the observed groundwater contamination is attributable to naturally occurring lead, lead contamination migrating from placement of lead contaminated fill or aggregate, or lead that is attributable to well construction or plumbing.

• Support the development of remedial actions. • Support the development of a Baseline Human Health Risk Assessment

(BHHRA). A tool used in the risk assessment process is the Integrated Exposure Uptake

Biokinetic Model (IEUBK). The IEUBK is used for predicting risks from lead to children and incorporates a lead bioavailability factor which describes the potential for lead in soil to be absorbed through the ingestion pathway.

The IEUBK model also utilizes lead concentrations in potable water and soil to estimate blood lead levels in children. This data is important because potable water and soil are sources of lead that children are exposed to at residences.

The scope of the RI field activities that are addressed by this FSP includes the following:

• Collection of potable water samples from 100 residential wells where subsurface soil samples will be collected from residential driveways.

• Collection of potable water samples from 17 properties where previous sampling indicated that the EPA MCL for lead was exceeded.

• Collection of subsurface soil samples from the unpaved driveways of 100 residential properties that were previously sampled and exhibited lead concentrations between 400 and 1,200 mg/kg.

• Collection of surface soil samples from 60 residential properties (unpaved driveways) for analysis of metals and in vitro bioaccessibility.


Specific investigation objectives associated with each of these sampling activities are discussed in the following sections.


3.0 Investigation Activities

Field investigation activities for the RI efforts are discussed in this section. The following subsections will discuss each field activity in depth.

3.1 Soil Sampling at Residential Properties

The proposed field investigation for this project will be in accordance with the protocols specified in this FSP and the QAPP for the Furnace Creek RI/FS prepared by BVSPC. The proposed sampling scheme for this project will be judgmental (based on the best professional judgment of the sampling team), in accordance with the existing QAPP (BVSPC, 2011). The sampling activities proposed in the following paragraphs have been designed to supplement existing data collected during previous site investigations and determine the extent of soil contamination at residential properties.

The specific locations of the residential properties for soil sampling are not known at the time this FSP was prepared. By data search, field observation and with assistance from site RA data, the soil samples will be collected from properties with lead concentrations between 400 mg/kg and 1,200 mg/kg. Residential soil samples will be collected from unpaved driveways of 100 residential properties after obtaining the property owner’s signature on an access agreement. In addition to the signed access agreement, BVSPC will attempt to obtain verbal access from each property owner at the time BVSPC enters the property to collect the soil samples. If property coordinates are not available, BVSPC will use a Garmin eTrex Vista Global Positioning System (GPS) instrument or an equivalent GPS instrument to obtain the coordinates of the property. The instrument will be capable of measuring the horizontal coordinates to an accuracy of 5 feet.

It is anticipated that BVSPC personnel will travel to the site and visit with the property owner to obtain signed access for sampling the soil and groundwater. At that time, additional information such as the source of the driveway aggregate, well construction information, and plumbing information will be obtained from the property owner, if available. If the property owner is not home, multiple attempts will be made, including night visits and telephone calls, to contact the property owner if it is necessary to obtain a sufficient number of signed access agreements. BVSPC will ask the person at the home if they are the property owner or a tenant, and if the person is not the property owner, BVSPC will determine the property owner’s identity and contact the property owner to obtain signed access.


XRF instruments will be used to analyze soils for metals contamination as described in the instruction manual provided with each XRF instrument. The XRF instrument will be internally calibrated before each day of field activities and whenever the operator determines there is a need to recalibrate. In addition, if the instrument is operating for more than 4 hours, it will be recalibrated. The results will be recorded in the field logbook assigned to that unit.

A plan view sketch of each property was prepared by Tetra Tech, EM during the RA. BVSPC will not prepare additional sketches of the property. Soil samples collected from the driveways will be shown on the existing sketches prepared by Tetra Tech, EM. Pertinent information regarding the sampling of the property will be recorded on the field sheet and in the field logbook.

3.1.1 Residential Property Subsurface Soil Sampling

Subsurface soil samples will be collected from the driveways of selected residential properties. The objectives of the subsurface soil sampling are to collect data to:

• Evaluate whether any lead that may be present in the aggregate that was placed on the driveways is leaching into the groundwater.

• Evaluate whether it will possible to streamline any future remedial action by collecting data that will enable EPA to determine whether there is a correlation between the maximum depth that lead leaches into the soil below the driveways and the lead concentration detected in the aggregate in the driveways. If there is a correlation, it may be possible to predetermine the optimum depth of contaminated material to be excavated rather than removing 6 inch lifts and resampling after each lift is removed.

The subsurface soil samples will be collected from 100 properties identified

during the removal assessment that exhibit lead concentrations in the soil greater than 400 mg/kg and less than 1,200 mg/kg. To determine whether there is a correlation between the maximum depth that lead leaches into the soil below the driveways and the lead concentration in the driveways, efforts will be made to collect samples from driveways that will reflect the full range of lead concentrations between 400 mg/kg and 1,200 mg/kg as reported in the removal action report (Tetra Tech EM, 2010b). If possible, a statistically significant percentage of samples (approximately 42 percent) will be collected from properties with lead concentrations in the following ranges: 400 mg/kg to 600 mg/kg; 600 mg/kg to 800 mg/kg; 800 mg/kg to 1,000 mg/kg and 1,000 mg/kg to


1,200 mg/kg. Four ranges of lead concentrations were selected to evaluate whether the leachability of the lead in the aggregate would vary depending upon the lead concentration in the aggregate.

As indicated in Section 1.6 of this FSP, there are 124 properties with lead concentrations in the driveway between 400 mg/kg to 600 mg/kg; 58 properties with lead concentrations in the driveway between 600 mg/kg to 800 mg/kg; 28 properties with lead concentrations in the driveways between 800 mg/kg and 1,000 mg/kg; and 32 properties with lead concentrations between 1,000 mg/kg and 1,200 mg/kg. Consequently, 52 borings would be installed at the 124 properties with lead concentrations in the driveway between 400 mg/kg to 600 mg/kg; 26 borings at the 58 properties with lead concentrations in the driveway between 600 mg/kg to 800 mg/kg; 11 borings at the 28 properties with lead concentrations in the driveways between 800 mg/kg and 1,000 mg/kg; and 14 borings at the 32 properties with lead concentrations between 1,000 mg/kg and 1,200 mg/kg.

The subsurface soil samples will be collected from a location in the unpaved driveway of each selected residential property. Tables 3-1 through 3-4 present the list of the potential residential properties that will be selected for sampling and the corresponding GPS coordinates. The potential properties that will be sampled and the lead concentration at each property are presented on Figure 3-1.

Direct push technology equipment (DPT) will be used to collect the subsurface soil samples from each location. Sampling methods and protocols will follow those outlined in EPA Region 7 SOP 4230.7A, Geoprobe Operation, in Appendix B. Subsurface soil samples will be collected at 6 inch vertical intervals, beginning at 6 inches below ground surface (bgs) and continuing to a depth of 3 feet bgs. The soil samples will be collected within polyethylene tubes that will be split open for sample collection. The following procedure will be used when collecting and analyzing subsurface soil samples:

•

•

Document in the field logbook and on the field sheets (Appendix A) the location of the sample being collected, the data, time, and the weather conditions.

• Don a clean pair of surgical gloves. Using a geoprobe, obtain a 3 foot core sample in a polyethylene tube. Split open the tube and collect discrete samples from 6 inch vertical intervals beginning at 6 inches bgs and continuing to a depth of 3 feet bgs. Collect approximately 50 grams of soil from each 6 inch interval. Place the soil


samples in Ziploc bags labeled with the BVSPC sample identification number and sample depth. Grass and rock debris will be removed from the sample.

•

•

Soil in the samples from each 6 inch interval will be completely homogenized to ensure that the samples are representative of the entire interval.

• Three XRF readings will be taken of every sample and averaged to obtain the lead concentration of each soil sample. All three readings are to be within 10 percent of one another, or the sample is to be re-mixed and the procedure repeated until all three readings are within 10 percent. If after three re-mixing events, three XRF readings within 10% cannot be achieved and the highest of the lead readings is less than 200 mg/kg, the last three readings can be averaged for a final value. The 200 mg/kg lead concentration was chosen because it is significantly below the anticipated 400 mg/kg action level and if the lead concentration in the soil is below 200 mg/kg, the soil would not require remediation. If the highest lead concentration in the sample is above 200 mg/kg, the soil sample will continue to be re-mixed until the three readings are within 10 percent. The results are recorded by the sample technician on the field sheet and in the bound laboratory log book dedicated to the XRF instrument. Results are also recorded electronically by the XRF unit.

Prior to analysis, the soil will be sieved through a No. 10 (2mm) mesh screen. A portion of the soil from each interval will be used to fill a Whirl-Pac bag for analysis by the XRF instrument.

• To evaluate the accuracy of the XRF, one of every ten samples that are screened with the XRF will be submitted to the EPA Region 7 laboratory for confirmation analysis.

The remaining soil will be disposed at the designated soil repository following completion of the field activities.

Confirmation samples (the Whirl-Pac bag) will be shipped to the EPA Region 7 laboratory for analysis. The Whirl-Pac bags will not be placed in glass sample jars. The analytical method, number and type of sample containers, preservatives, and holding time requirements are specified in Table 3-7 of this FSP. Sampling handling and custody requirements are specified in Section 3.5 of this FSP. Comparison of the XRF readings for the sample and the laboratory analysis will be made to determine the relative percent difference. As indicated in the BVSPC QAPP, the relative percent difference between the lead concentrations obtained using the XRF instrument and the laboratory results should not exceed 25 percent.


• Analytical method SW-846 6010 will be used to analyze the confirmation samples.

•

At the end of each day, data from the XRF will be downloaded onto a computer.

Confirmation soil samples submitted to the EPA laboratory will be analyzed for the following metals using analytical method SW-846 6010: arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, chromium, lead, silver, vanadium, and zinc. Analyses of these metals will be performed by the laboratory because they are likely to be metals of concern for the purpose of preparing the BHHRA and the XRF instrument may not be able to detect all of these metals or it may not achieve the necessary detection levels.

3.1.2 Residential Property Surface Soil Sampling

Surface soil samples will be collected from 60 driveways and analyzed for In-Vitro bioaccessibility and selected metals. The objective of surface soil sampling is to supplement the data collected by the START contractor (Tetra Tech 2009) in 2008 and obtain additional data for the BHHRA. By data search, field observation and with assistance from site RA data, residential surface soil samples will be collected from 60 of the 100 properties selected for subsurface soil sampling discussed in Section 3.1.1. One composite soil sample will be collected from the 0-1 inch interval of unpaved driveways of 30 properties with lead concentrations between 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg and 30 properties with lead concentrations between 800 mg/kg and 1,200 mg/kg. The 30 properties in each concentration interval will be randomly selected. The aliquots of the composite samples will be collected from the driveway within a 5 foot radius of the geoprobe boring. The 60 samples will be sieved with a 10 mesh sieve and analyzed with an XRF to determine if the lead concentrations are between 400 to 800 mg/kg or 800 mg/kg to 1,200 mg/kg. The 60 samples will be sieved with a 60 mesh sieve and will be submitted to the EPA laboratory for analysis of metals (arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, chromium, lead, silver, vanadium, and zinc) and In-Vitro bioaccessibility. Tables 3-1 through 3-4 present the list of potential residential properties where the samples will be collected and the corresponding GPS coordinates.

EPA does not have a standard operating procedure (SOP) for collecting soil samples for In-Vitro bioaccessibility analysis. Except as specified below, the samples will be collected using EPA Region 7 SOP 4230.19A, Soil Sampling at Lead-Contaminated Residential Sites. This SOP is presented in Appendix B. The following procedure will be used when collecting and analyzing surface soil samples:


• Document in the field logbook and on the field sheets (Appendix A) the

location of the quadrants where the sample is being collected, the data, time, and the weather conditions.

• •

Don a clean pair of surgical gloves. Using a clean, stainless steel hand trowel or spoon, collect four aliquots of surface soil from the 0-1 inch interval from widely distributed locations within 5 feet of the geoprobe boring

•

. Collect approximately 50 grams of soil from each aliquot location. Place the aliquot soil samples in a Ziploc bag labeled with the BVSPC and station identification number and sample depth. Grass and rocks will be removed from the sample.

•

Soil in the Ziplock bag sample containing all four aliquots will be completely homogenized to ensure that the samples are representative of the entire area sampled. Prior to analysis, the soil will be sieved through a No. 10 (2mm) mesh screen. A portion of the soil will be used to fill a Whirl-Pac bag for analysis by the XRF instrument

• Three XRF readings will be taken of every sample and averaged to obtain the lead concentration of each soil sample. All three readings are to be within 10 percent of one another, or the sample will be re-mixed and the procedure repeated until all three readings are within 10 percent. If after three re-mixing events, three XRF readings within 10% cannot be achieved and the highest of the readings is less than 200 parts per million, the last three readings will be averaged for a final value. The 200 mg/kg lead concentration was chosen because it is significantly below the 400 to 1,200 mg/kg target interval and if the highest lead concentration in the soil is below 200 mg/kg, the lead concentration in the soil would not fall within the target intervals even with additional mixing. If the highest lead concentration in the sample is above 200 mg/kg, the soil sample will continue to be re-mixed until the three readings are within 10 percent. The results are recorded by the sample technician on the field sheet and in the bound laboratory log book dedicated to the XRF instrument. Results are also recoded electronically by the XRF unit.

to determine if the lead concentrations are between 400 to 800 mg/kg or 800 mg/kg to 1,200 mg/kg.

The remaining soil will be disposed at the designated soil repository following completion of field activities.


• The soil will be sieved through a No.60 (250 micron) mesh screen and

•

will be submitted to the EPA laboratory for analysis of metals (arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, chromium, lead, silver, vanadium, and zinc) by SW-846 6010 and In-Vitro bioaccessibility. Soil samples that are below the 400 mg/kg threshold will also be submitted to the laboratory for analysis. Analyses of these metals will be performed by the laboratory because they are likely to be metals of concern for the purpose of preparing the BHHRA and the XRF instrument may not be able to detect all of the metals or may not achieve the necessary detection levels.

• Separate 4 oz. sample containers of soil will be submitted to the laboratory for the metal analysis and the In-Vitro bioaccessibility analysis. For the primary and duplicate samples, not less than 10 grams of soil are required for each 4 oz. sample container. For samples designated as the matrix spike/matrix spike duplicate samples, not less than a total of 30 grams of soil are required for each 4 oz. sample container. The analytical method, number and type of sample containers, preservatives, and holding time requirements are specified in Table 3-7 of this FSP.

Because all of these samples will be submitted to the EPA Region 7 laboratory for analysis, no confirmation samples are required for the surface soil samples.

•

Sampling handling and custody requirements are specified in Section 3.5 of this FSP.

At the end of each day, data from the XRF will be downloaded onto a computer.

Field duplicate samples will be collected as specified in Section 3.3.3 and Table 3-6 of this FSP. The acceptance criterion for field duplicate samples is a relative percent difference between the results of the primary sample and the field duplicate sample that does not exceed 25 percent.

3.2 Potable Water Sampling at Residential Properties

Potable water samples will be collected from a total of 112 properties that were sampled during the previous removal action. The objective of the potable water sampling is to assess the potential for temporal variability of the metal concentrations in the wells. In addition, information concerning the well construction and the indoor plumbing will be obtained for the 17 properties where previous sampling by Tetra Tech indicated that


the potable water contained lead concentrations that exceeded the EPA MCL. This information will be used to determine whether the observed groundwater contamination is attributable to naturally occurring lead, lead contamination migrating from placement of lead contaminated fill or aggregate, or lead that is attributable to well construction or plumbing.

Potable water samples will be collected at the each of the 100 residential properties where soil sampling is conducted and the 17 properties where previous sampling by Tetra Tech indicated that the potable water contained lead concentrations that exceeded the EPA MCL. Five of these 17 properties (IDs 227, 678, 1134, 1137, and 1560) contained lead concentrations in the driveway that were above 400 ug/kg and will be included as part of the properties where soil sampling is conducted. The remaining twelve properties (IDs 11, 12, 565, 636, 642, 776, 788, 1125, 1287, 1353, 1391, and 1485) contained soil lead concentrations in the driveway less than 400 mg/kg, but potable water sampling will still be conducted at these properties. The 17 properties that were previously sampled are presented in Table 3-5 and are shown on Figure 3-2. Except as indicated below, sampling methods and protocols will follow those outlined in EPA Region 7 SOP 4230.10A, Drinking Water Sample Collection, in Appendix B.

For those properties where the lead concentration in the potable water has not previously exceeded the EPA MCL, one (1) sample will be collected from the well head or an outside faucet. If there is no sample tap at the well head or outside faucet, then the water sample will be collected from an inside faucet. The water will be allowed to purge for at least 15 minutes prior to sample collection. A purging time of 15 minutes was selected because that was the purging time used by Tetra Tech (Tetra Tech 2009).

A hose will be connected to the faucet and the water will be purged away from the foundation of the residence or well. The hose will be disconnected after the purge period and the sample will be collected from the faucet and not the hose. A single one liter cubitainer of water will be collected, preserved with one milliliter of nitric acid, and then placed on ice prior to delivery to the EPA laboratory for analysis of total metals. The analytical method, number and type of sample containers, preservatives, and holding time requirements are specified in Table 3-7 of this FSP. Sampling handling and custody requirements are specified in Section 3.5 of this FSP.

Potable well water samples submitted to the EPA laboratory will be analyzed for selected total metals which include arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, chromium, lead, silver, vanadium, and zinc. Analyses of these metals will be performed by the laboratory because they are likely metals of concern for the purpose of preparing the BHHRA.

For the 17 properties where lead concentrations have previously exceeded the


EPA MCL, two (2) water samples will be collected. The purpose of this sampling is to determine if the plumbing has an influence on the sample results. Two samples will be collected from an inside faucet. In order to collect water samples that may be impacted by the type of plumbing, the first sample will be collected without purging. The second potable water sample will be collected from the same faucet after purging for 15 minutes. For each sample, a one liter cubitainer of water will be collected, preserved with one milliliter of nitric acid, and then placed on ice prior to delivery to the EPA laboratory for analysis of total metals. Potable well water samples submitted to the EPA laboratory will be analyzed for arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, chromium, lead, silver, vanadium, and zinc.

Field duplicate samples will be collected as specified in Section 3.3.3 and Table 3-6. The acceptance criterion for field duplicate samples is a relative percent difference between the results of the primary sample and the field duplicate sample that does not exceed 25 percent.

3.3 Quality Assurance/ Quality Control Samples

Several types of quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) samples will be collected to ensure data quality in the samples collected. The next several subsections summarize the types of samples that will be sent to the laboratory to assure data quality.

Table 3-6 provides a list of the samples that will be collected and the number of samples that will be submitted to the EPA laboratory. Table 3-7 provides a list of the samples to be submitted to the EPA laboratory and specifies the methods, types of containers, types of preservation, and holding times required for the soil, bioaccessibility, and potable water samples.

3.3.1 Equipment Rinsate Blanks

Equipment rinsate blanks for soil sampling equipment will be taken at a frequency of 1 every 20 borings, after the geoprobe sampler has been decontaminated, prior to using the item again. The rinsate blanks will be used to measure the effectiveness of the decontamination procedures. The rinsate blanks will be prepared in the following manner:

1) Wash equipment in a diluted Alconox solution. 2) Rinse equipment with potable water. 3) Rinse with distilled water.


4) Pour EPA laboratory provided deionized water over the equipment. One sample cubitainer will be filled with the rinsate and submitted for metals analysis.

The equipment rinsate blanks will be identified with a sample identification

number. The rinsate blank number and time and date of collection will be documented in the appropriate field logbook. The number of rinsate blanks is presented in Table 3-6.

3.3.2 Confirmation Samples

All potable water samples and bioaccessibility samples will be submitted to the EPA Region 7 Laboratory for chemical analysis. In addition, confirmation samples will be submitted for the residential soil samples collected from the borings.

The purpose of the confirmation samples is to assess the correlation of the XRF data with results from laboratory chemical analysis. Upon completion of the XRF analysis the confirmation sample will be placed in a four ounce jar and submitted to the EPA laboratory for metals analysis. The number of confirmation samples to be collected will be approximately 10 percent of the total number of primary samples. No confirmation samples will be collected for potable water or the surface soil samples that are submitted to the EPA Region 7 laboratory for metals and In-Vitro bioaccessibility analysis.

The confirmation samples will be identified with a sample identification number. The sample location, number, and date and time of collection will be documented on the field sheet and in the field logbook.

3.3.3 Duplicate Samples

The purpose of duplicate samples is to assess laboratory QA/QC. The primary sample and the duplicate sample will be placed in identical containers, preserved in the same manner, and submitted to the EPA laboratory for the same analysis. The number of duplicate samples to be collected will be approximately 5 percent of the total number of primary samples submitted to the laboratory.

The duplicate samples will be identified with a sample identification number. The sample location, number, and date and time of collection will be documented on the field sheet and in the field logbook.

3.3.4 Matrix Spike/Matrix Spike Duplicates

The purpose of the matrix spike (MS) and matrix spike duplicate (MSD) samples


is to evaluate the effect of the sample matrix on the accuracy of the analysis. The EPA Region 7 Laboratory has instructed BVSPC that an additional volume will need to be collected for the soil samples. The EPA Laboratory has also indicated that no additional volume is necessary for matrix spike analysis for the potable water sampling.

The number of MS/MSD samples will be approximately 5 percent of the total number of primary samples submitted for analysis. The MS/MSD samples will be identified by the EPA Region 7 laboratory and will generally consist of every 20th

sample received by the laboratory.

3.3.5 Trip Blanks

No trip blank samples will be collected under this FSP.

3.3.6 Field Blanks

No field blank samples will be collected under this FSP.

3.4 Sample Numbering System

A sample numbering system will be used to uniquely identify each sample that is collected and analyzed as part of this project. Samples will be given two identification numbers: 1) a unique BVSPC sample identifier and 2) a tracking code for samples submitted to the EPA Region 7 laboratory. These numbers will be cross-referenced in field notebooks, on sample collection data sheets, and in the project database.

The BVSPC sample number will consist of six or seven alphabetic characters followed by a station identification number which is unique to each sample location. The alphabetic characters will provide information about each sample in order as follows: 1. Residential sample location

R Unpaved Road/Driveway sample Z Residential location not applicable

2. Sample matrix

P Potable water S Soil Z Sample matrix not applicable


3. Sample derivation C Composite G Grab/Discrete Z Sample derivation not applicable

4. Sample quality control status

P Primary environmental sample D Field duplicate (Field Blank for potable water) E Equipment rinsate M Matrix spike/matrix spike duplicate Z Sample quality control status not applicable

5. Analytical method

X Analyzed by field XRF L Analyzed by offsite laboratory Z Analytical method not applicable

6. Sample interval

A 0-1 inch B 6-12 inches C 12-18 inches D 18-24 inches E 24-30 inches F 30-36 inches Z Sampled interval not applicable

7. Samples Sieved with a 60-Mesh Sieve S Soil samples sieved with a 60-mesh sieve will be identified by the letter

“S” that will be included as a seventh character. W Potable water sampled at well or outside faucet F Potable water sampled from inside faucet prior to purging P Potable water sample from inside faucet after purging

The station number uniquely identifies sample locations and will be assigned as indicated below. Each sampled location will require a unique 1 to 4 digit code that corresponds to the sample ID that Tetra Tech assigned to each residential property during the RA.

• Residential Property (Sample ID will be identical to the Property ID from the Removal Action Report; Tetra Tech, 2010)

• Potable water (Sample ID will be identical to the Property ID from the Removal Action Report; Tetra Tech, 2010)


Based upon the preceding, a primary surface soil sample collected from a driveway at station location 500 and sieved with a 60-mesh sieve would have the following sample ID:

RSCPLAS-500

The samples that are submitted to the EPA laboratory will be assigned a corresponding EPA sample identification number consisting of three components: the activity number (EPA assigned), ASR Number (EPA assigned), the unique sample identification number and the sample qualifier (if applicable). The following is an example of a completely numbered field duplicate, with each component identified:

1195-001-FD

where: 1195 = EPA ASR Number 001 = Sample Identification Number FD = Sample Qualifier (QC Code)

If the sample is a primary sample, rinsate, or MS/MSD sample, no qualifier will

be designated. Rinsate samples will be assigned their own unique identification number and will be noted as a rinsate sample on the field sheet. The MS/MSD soil samples will consist of a triple volume of a primary sample and will be noted as a MS/MSD on the field sheet and chain-of-custody record. The EPA Laboratory has indicated that no additional volume is necessary for matrix spike analysis for the potable water sampling.

Field duplicate samples will be assigned the same sample identification number as the primary sample, but will be qualified as FD. Trip blank samples will not be required.

The sample collection field sheets and field logbook will also include information concerning the sample matrix, location, and sample depth, if applicable.

3.5 Sample Custody and Handling Requirements

Sample custody procedures are a vital aspect of any environmental sampling event. Each sample or field measurement must be properly documented to facilitate timely, correct, and complete analysis. Additional sample custody procedures are necessary to support the use of data in potential enforcement actions at a Site. The sample chain-of-custody procedure provides the means to identify, track, and monitor each sample from the point of collection through final data reporting. All samples


collected will be handled in accordance EPA’s CLP requirements. 3.5.1 Sample Custody Requirements

Procedures for using chain of custody records and custody seals are specified in Section 3.6 of this FSP and Section B3 of the QAPP.

3.5.2 Sample Handling

Sample packaging and shipping procedures are based on EPA guidance and U.S.

Department of Transportation (USDOT) regulations (49 CFR). Samples collected at the Furnace Creek Site will be shipped as non-dangerous goods.

The following general steps will be used for the packaging and shipping of samples:

1) Affix a completed sample label to the sample container and protect it by covering with clear tape.

2) Protect each glass sample container with bubble wrap or foam, taped securely in place as necessary.

3) Tape the shipping container drain closed. 4) Place packing material in bottom of cooler for cushioning as necessary. 5) Place the samples (protected by bubble wrap or foam) into the sample container. 6) Fill the remaining volume of the cooler with packing material as necessary. 7) Fill out and sign the chain-of-custody record and indicate the estimated time the

shipping container will be relinquished to a courier service or when the shipping container will be relinquished directly to the laboratory.

8) Separate the copies of the forms. Seal the original form and all but one copy in a sealable plastic bag and tape it to the inside lid of the shipping container.

9) Secure shipping container by making several revolutions with strapping tape or clear plastic tape on both ends.

10) If shipped by courier, place airbill marked for delivery with laboratory address on shipping container.

11) Affix custody seals over top front and top back corners of the shipping container. Cover seals with clear plastic tape.

12) Notify the EPA laboratory by telephone and provide the following information:

-- Sender’s name and firm (BVSPC). -- Project name (Furnace Creek Site). -- Number and type of samples to be received. -- Date and estimated time of delivery. -- Anticipated sampling schedule (for establishing sample delivery groups at

laboratory).


The laboratory that will perform the analyses is listed below: EPA Region 7 Laboratory C/o Nicole Roblez 300 Minnesota Avenue Kansas City, KS 66101

(913) 551-5130

13) The site supervisor shall maintain a file containing copies of the documentation. 3.6 Documentation

3.6.1 Field Sheets

Field sheets will be used to track access to properties and sample collection. The field team will complete a field sheet for each property sampled for soil. The field sheet incorporates the property access, property information, and the XRF and laboratory results (Appendix A).

3.6.2 Field Logbook for Sampling Activities

The most important aspect of documentation is thorough, accurate record keeping. All information obtained during the sampling activities will be recorded in a bound logbook with consecutively numbered pages. All entries in logbooks and on sample documentation forms will be made in waterproof ink, and corrections will consist of line-out deletions that are initialed and dated. Entries in the logbook will include but are not limited to the following, as applicable:

• Name and title of author, date and time of entry, and physical/environmental conditions during field activity.

• Purpose of sampling activity. • Name and address of field contact. • Names and titles of field crew members. • Sample collection method. • Number and volume of samples taken. • Location, description, and sample numbers of the sampling activities and

locations. • Information concerning sampling changes, scheduling modifications, and

change orders. • Details of the sampling location. • Date and time of collection.


• Field observations including observations of samples such as odor and color.

• Any field measurements made. • Sample identification numbers. • Information from container labels of reagents used, water used for blanks,

etc. • Sample preservation. • Sample distribution and transportation (such as the names of the

laboratory and approved carrier). • All sample documentation, such as the following:

--Bottle QC lot numbers received from repository. --Activity numbers received from the EPA. --COC record numbers received from the EPA.

• Decontamination procedures. • All documentation concerning derived wastes, such as the following:

--Contents and approximate volume of waste in each drum. --Type and predicted level of contamination.

• Summary of daily tasks (including costs) and scope of work changes required by field conditions.

• Signature of the personnel responsible for observations and the date. Sampling situations vary widely. No general rules can specify the exact

information that must be entered in a logbook for a particular site. However, the logbook must contain sufficient information so that someone can reconstruct the sampling activity without relying on the collector’s memory. The logbooks must be kept in the field team member’s possession or in a secure place during the investigation. Following the investigation, the logbooks must become part of the final project file.

3.6.3 Sample Documentation

The following subsections describe the required sample documentation and the procedures for completing these documents at the Furnace Creek Site. These documents will be utilized for each environmental sample collected for laboratory analysis.

3.6.3.1 Sample Labels

An adhesive sample label will be placed on each sample container submitted for


chemical analysis. The following information will be included on each sample label: • Site name. • Sample number. • Name of sampler. • Sample collection date and time. • Analysis requested and preservatives added.

Information known before field activities (i.e., site name, sample numbers, etc.) may be pre-printed on the sample labels. Duplicate sample labels can be prepared for cases when various aliquots of a sample must be submitted separately for individual analysis. An example label is shown in Appendix A.

3.6.3.2 Chain of Custody Record

A COC record will be completed for each sample shipment. Standard laboratory COC records will be used. An example form is shown in Appendix A of this FSP. After completion of the COC record, the COC record will be photocopied, enclosed in a sealable plastic bag and secured to the inside of the shipping container lid. If more than one shipping container is used for a day’s shipment, a separate COC record is not required for each shipping container. The photocopy will be retained for reference before receipt of the original form with the laboratory’s data deliverable package.

Shipping containers will be secured and custody seals will be placed across the container openings. As long as the COC record is sealed inside the shipping container and the custody seals remain intact, commercial carriers will not be required to sign the COC record.

3.6.3.3 Custody Seals

Custody seals will be used to ensure the integrity of the samples should they remain unattended or when they are relinquished to a delivery service until they are opened by the laboratory. All samples will be shipped in an insulated shipping container and each shipping container will be sealed with at least two custody seals. The seals will be affixed to each shipping container so that it is necessary to break the seals to open the shipping container. An example of a custody seal is shown in Appendix A of this FSP.

3.6.3.4 Airbill

An airbill will be completed for each different laboratory address to which


samples are to be shipped. More than one shipping container may be forwarded to the same address under one airbill. When the shipping containers are relinquished to the delivery service, additional information will be added to the airbill by an employee of the delivery service, and a copy of the airbill will be received by the field personnel. An example of a completed airbill is shown in Appendix A of this FSP.

3.7 Decontamination Procedures

Procedures for equipment decontamination will be implemented to avoid cross contamination of samples of various media that are to be submitted for chemical analysis. Sampling equipment will be thoroughly cleaned and decontaminated before initial use and between sample locations.

3.7.1 Initial Decontamination

3.7.1.1 Soil Sampling Equipment

Initial decontamination of the sampling equipment, including the geoprobe rig, core samplers, stainless steel spoons and bowls, and sieves will take place prior to any sampling and will include the following steps:

• Wash with dilute alconox wash. • Rinse with potable water. • Rinse with distilled water. • Wrap in aluminum foil or seal in a plastic bag until next use.

3.7.2 Intermediate Decontamination

Intermediate decontamination of the sampling equipment, including the geoprobe sampling equipment, will be required between sampling locations. The intermediate decontamination procedures for sampling equipment are the same as those outlined in the initial decontamination.

3.7.3 Final Decontamination

Final decontamination of all equipment is required to prevent contaminants from being carried off site. The procedures used during initial decontamination will be utilized during final decontamination.


4.0 Investigation-Derived Waste

Investigation-derived wastes (IDW) will include decontamination fluids, soil, disposable personal protective equipment (PPE), and trash. All IDW generated by the field activities will be managed in accordance with EPA and Missouri Department of Natural Resources guidelines and requirements.

4.1 Liquids

Liquid IDW will consist of decontamination fluids. Small quantities of the decontamination fluids will be discharged to the driveway where the sample was collected.

4.2 Personal Protective Equipment

Disposable PPE and trash will be bagged in plastic bags and will be disposed of as municipal solid waste.

4.3 Solids

The unused portions of soil from sampling will be separated and disposed of at the EPA designated repository.


5.0 Field Activities Schedule

It is anticipated that the obtaining signed access agreements will begin in April 2012. Sampling of residential yards and potable water supplies will begin as soon as possible in May 2012 and will continue for approximately three weeks until all samples are collected and processed.


6.0 Bibliography

BVSPC 2011. Quality Assurance Project Plan, Remedial Investigation, Washington County Lead District, Furnace Creek OU1 and OU2 Sites, Washington County, Missouri; December 2011. Drexler, JW and Brattin, WJ. 2007. An In Vitro Procedure for Estimation of Lead Relative Bioavailability; With Validation. Human Ecological Risk Assessment, April 2007. Miller and Vandike 1997. Groundwater Resources of Missouri. Missouri State Water Plan Series Volume II. Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) 2009. Memorandum regarding southeastern Washington County area mining history and geology. From Cheryl Seeger, MDNR. To Kumud Pyakuryal, Tetra Tech EM, Inc. (Tetra Tech). November 25. MDNR 2007. Missouri Environmental Geology Atlas (MEGA). Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services 2002. Lead Poisoning Prevention Manual, May 2002. Tetra Tech EM, Inc. 2009. Removal Site Evaluation (RSE) Report for the Washington County Lead District-Furnace Creek Site, Washington County, Missouri. Prepared for USEPA Region 7, Kansas City, Kansas. March 9. Tetra Tech EM, Inc. 2010a. Removal Action Report, Washington County Lead District-Furnace Creek Site, Caledonia, Missouri. Prepared for EPA Region 7, Kansas City, Kansas. December 2010. Tetra Tech EM, Inc. 2010b. Site Inspection Report, Washington County Lead District-Furnace Creek Site, Washington County, Missouri. Prepared for EPA Region 7, Kansas City, Kansas. May 2010. Thompson, Thomas L, 1995. The Stratigraphic Succession in Missouri. Original Preparation (1961) coordinated by Wallace B. Howe. Edited (1961) by John W. Koenig. MDNR Volume 40 (Second Series) Revised.


U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). 2005. Soil Survey of Washington County, Missouri. Accessed in February 2010. On-line address: http://soildatamart.nrcs.usda.gov/Manuscripts/MO221/0/Washington_MO.pdf USEPA, 1988, Guidance for Conducting Remedial Investigations and Feasibility Studies Under CERCLA, Interim Final, EPA/540/G-89/004, October 1988. USEPA, 2003, Superfund Lead-Contaminated Residential Sites Handbook, Final, OSWER 9285.7-50, August 2003. USEPA, 2009. Regional Screening Level (RSL) Master Table. December 2009.

Figures

WCLD - Furnace Creek Site Boundary

Washington County

0 1 2 3 40.5Miles

±Note: WCLD-Washington County Lead District

WCLD-Furnace Creek SiteWashington County, Missouri

Figure 1-1Location

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Study Area 23

Study Area 26

Study Area 22

Study Area 25

Furnace Creek Sampling Area

WCLD - Furnace CreekCaledonia, Missouri

Site MapFigure 1-2


0 1 2 3 40.5Miles

±

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Mined LandsMineTailings Pond

National Forest

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0456

BelgradeBismarck

Mineral Point

15531551

1541

1535

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1425

14121409

1356

1336

1326

1308

1293

1289

1266

1262

1261

12591203

1152

1150

11471146

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1142

1132

1130

1115

1110

1103

1095

1075

1043

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10171012

09960981

0953

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0926

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Irondale

Potosi

Terre du Lac

Caledonia

Study Area 24

Study Area 23

Study Area 26

Study Area 22

Study Area 25

State High

way P

State Highway CS S

tate H

ighwa

y 21

Delbr

idge R

d

State

High

way U

W State Highway 8

Gildea Rd

State Highway 32

Sunlight Rd

State Highway M

Province Rd

E State Highway 8

Bohr Rd

State

Highw

ay DD

Jinkerson Rd

Webster Rd

Cedar C

reek R

d

New Diggins Rd

Younker Rd

Harmon Rd

Old 8 A

Rieffer Rd

FS 2281

Furna

ce C

reek R

d

Mounts Rd

FS 2300

Bismarck Ridge Rd

Slab Rd

Top Ozark Rd

Pigeon Roost Rd

Pierce Rd

Springtown Rd

Big River Rd

Shut

In Rd Doc Wallen Rd

State High

way JJ

Drew Rd

Stone

y Poin

t Rd

Doole

y Rd

FS 2552

Austin Dr

FS 2397

Barberry Rd

Carr R

d

Allen

Rd

Sutton Rd

Laredo Ln

Old 21

Ridge Rd

Zinc Mine Rd

Kylie

Dr

State Highway O

FS 2438

FS 2276

State Highway AA

FS 2472

Lovers Ln

King R

d

FS 24

23

FS 2673

Buford R

d

Council Bluff Rd

Scout Camp Rd

Brinley Rd

FS 2375

FS 3013

Hull R

dCo

wling

Rd

FS 2649

Flat Woods Rd

Mayo Ln

FS 24

38A

Fillmore Rd

E High St

Martin Rd

OK Rd

Moos

ewalk

Rd

Palm

er Rd

Mills Rd

FS 2397A

Private Dr

Eternity Rd

Ridgely Rd

FS 2480

Minnow Rd

Bufor

d Bott

om R

d

Akers Rd

Isgrig

Rd

Purcell Dr

Wescott Rd

FS 2550

Daniels Rd

Sunn

en La

ke Rd

M Hig

hway

Tedde

r Rd

Spicer Rd

McFa

rland

Rd

Huff R

d

Chap

el Rd

Tinsley Rd

FS 2590

Otto

Rd

Wolf St

Spring Glen Ln

Robinson Rd

French Rd

Wright Cemetery Rd

Carr Field Ln

Trailway Rd

FS 2919

Skag

gs R

d

Fox Run Rd

Germ

ania

Rd

Janes Creek Rd

Afton

Rd

Private Rd

Lakeland Dr

Airpo

rt Run

way

Silverleaf Rd

Egert RdCa

hill R

d

Mayhew Rd

Scarl

et Ri

dge D

r

Out of County

Millpond Rd

Whippet Rd

Drury Rd

Harbi

son T

rl

Oak Lake Rd

Sunwood Rd

Jai Ave

Hancock Rd

Stark

Rd

Shore Dr

Eye R

d

Ridgeway Rd

Cardi

nal D

r

W Sh

ayne

Dr

Asbri

dge R

d

Macon Rd

Stump Rd

Rainbow Springs Rd

Porte

r Rd

Hone

ysuc

kle Tr

l

Saturn Rd

Iron C

ounty

Rd 2

7A

Ameren Dr

Franklin Rd

Sioux Dr

Old 8 C

Laporte Rd

Kinder Rd

Mallard Rd

Creekridge Rd

Bill S

mith

Rd

S Lead

St

Baylee Dr

Nixon Dr

Nipper Ln

Willow V

eil Ln

Mill St

Barrows Rd

Crestw

ood R

d

Denim Rd

Broken Rd

Redbud Rd

Gifford St

Demi

ck D

r

Stoney Point Rd

Private Dr

Out o

f Cou

nty

Coun

cil Blu

ff Rd

W Shayne Dr

Private Rd

S State Highway 21

Private Rd

Priva

te Rd

Priva

te Rd

Priva

te Rd

Private Rd

Private Rd

Out of County


Furnace Creek Remedial DesignWashington County, Missouri

Potential Sampling LocationsFigure 3.1


0 0.75 1.5 2.25 30.375Miles

±

LegendLead Concentrations in Residential Driveways

!( 400-600 mg/Kg

!( 600-800 mg/Kg

!( 800-1000 mg/Kg

!( 1000-1200 mg/Kg

Roads

Study_Area

City/Town



Ste.l

Wat

,-•

De Soto•

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SullIVan•

Viburnum•

~teeMlle•

#*

#*

#*

#*

#*

#*

#*

#*

#*

#*

#*

#*

#*

#*

#*

#*

#*

BelgradeBismarck

Mineral Point

Irondale

Potosi

Terre du Lac

Caledonia

1353

1287

1137

1134

1125

0788

0776

0678

0636

0565

0227

0012

0011 Study Area 24

Study Area 23

Study Area 26

Study Area 22

Study Area 25 642

1560

1485

1391

State High

way P

State Highway CS S

tate H

ighwa

y 21

Delbr

idge R

d

State

High

way U

W State Highway 8

Old 8 E

Gildea Rd

State Highway 32

Sunlight Rd

State Highway M

Province Rd

E State Highway 8

Bohr Rd

State

Highw

ay DD

Jinkerson Rd

Webster Rd

John Smith Rd

Cedar C

reek R

d

New Diggins Rd

Younker Rd

Harmon Rd

Old 8 A

Rieffer Rd

FS 2281

Moun

ts Rd

FS 2300

Bismarck Ridge Rd

Slab Rd

Hope

well R

d

Top Ozark Rd

Pigeon Roost Rd

Pierce Rd

Springtown Rd

Big River Rd

Shut

In Rd Doc Wallen Rd

State Highway BB

State High

way JJ

Drew Rd

Stone

y Poin

t Rd

Doole

y Rd

FS 2552

Austin Dr

FS 2397

Barberry Rd

Carr R

d

Allen

Rd

Sutton Rd

Laredo Ln

Old 21

Ridge Rd

Zinc Mine Rd

Kylie

Dr

State Highway O

FS 2438

FS 2276

State Highway AA

Elliot

t Rd

FS 2472

Lovers Ln

King R

d

FS 24

23

FS 2673

Buford R

d

Council Bluff Rd

Scout Camp Rd

Brinley Rd

FS 2375

FS 3013

Hull R

dCo

wling

Rd

John Emling Rd

FS 2649

Flat Woods Rd

Mayo Ln

FS 24

38A

Fillmore Rd

E High St

Bates Creek Rd

Martin Rd

OK Rd

Moos

ewalk

Rd

Palm

er Rd

Mills Rd

Holtz

Rd

FS 2397A

Private Dr

Douglass Rd

Taylo

r RdRidgely Rd

FS 2480

Minnow Rd

Fallow Rd

Bufor

d Bott

om R

d

Green Acres RdHig

h St

Akers Rd Gibs

on R

d

Isgrig

Rd

Railroad Rd

Purcell Dr

Wescott Rd

Windom Rd

FS 2550

Daniels Rd

Sunn

en La

ke Rd

M Hig

hway

Tedde

r Rd

Savo

y Rd

Spicer Rd

McFa

rland

Rd

Huff R

d

Chap

el Rd

Tinsley Rd

FS 2590

Otto

Rd

Wolf St

Spring Glen Ln

Robinson Rd

French Rd

Wright Cemetery Rd

Carr Field Ln

FS 2919

Skag

gs R

d

Fox Run Rd

Germ

ania

Rd

Janes Creek Rd

Isanti Rd

Afton

Rd

Juneberry Rd

Morgan Rd

Private Rd

Russell Ln

Lakeland Dr

Airpo

rt Run

way

Silverleaf Rd

Egert RdCa

hill R

d

Mayhew Rd

Out of County

Old 8 D

Millpond Rd

Whippet Rd

Drury Rd

Harbi

son T

rl

Oak Lake Rd

Woodberry Rd

Sunwood Rd

Jai Ave

Hancock Rd

Steam Engine RdSta

rk Rd

Shore Dr

Eye R

d

Ridgeway Rd

W Sh

ayne

Dr

Asbri

dge R

d

Prairie Rd

North St

Macon Rd

Stump

Rd

Outer Rd

Rainbow Springs Rd

Porte

r Rd

Bust Dr

Hone

ysuc

kle Tr

l

Saturn Rd

Oxley Rd

Iron C

ounty

Rd 2

7A

Rosaray Dr

Ameren Dr

Franklin Rd

Sioux Dr

Quarry Rd

Old 8 C

Laporte Rd

Kinder Rd

Mallard Rd

Creekridge Rd

Bill S

mith

Rd

Eaton St

S Lead

St

Cann

on H

oller

Rd

Baylee Dr

Skile

s Rd

Nixon Dr

Nipper Ln

Mill St

Barrows Rd

Hedrick Farm Ln

Hays Rd

Mac Rd

Crestw

ood R

d

Dassel Rd

Cedar Dr

Denim Rd

Lewi

s Ln

Whipp

oorw

ill Ln

Potosi Lake Rd

Broken Rd

Redbud Rd

Ulm Rd

N Nixon Rd

Buxton St

Gifford St

Henry St

Bretz

Ln

State Highway U

Private Rd

W Shayne Dr

Coun

cil Blu

ff Rd

Priva

te Rd

Priva

te Rd

Out of County

Stoney Point Rd

Out of County

Priva

te Rd

Private Rd

Private Rd

Private Rd

Private Rd


Potable Water Wells ThatExceeded EPA MCLs

Potential Residential Driveway Sampling Locations

Figure 3-2


0 0.75 1.5 2.25 30.375Miles

±

Potable Water Wells That Exceeded EPA head MCL of 15 ug/L

Legend#*

Roads

Study_Area

City/Town



Ste.l

Wat

,-•

De Soto•

,"""""•

''<,1<,•. GPark Hills·

SullIVan•

Viburnum•

~teeMlle•

Tables

Table 3-1Residential Properties with Lead Concentrations in the Driveway between 400 and 600 mg/kg

Furnace Creek SiteWashington County, Missouri

1 of 3

Location Latitude Longitude PropertyZone Sub_Location Mon_Measurement Mon_Criteria_Units OwnerLastName OwnerFirstName OwnerAddress OwnerCity OwnerState OwnerZip OwnerPhone0025 37.88997 -90.73109 13542 State Highway U Driveway #2 404 Pre Ex 13542 State Highway U Mineral Point MO 63660 573-436-22260044 37.89302 -90.8259 10239 Cannon Holler Road Driveway 474 Pre Ex 10239 Cannon Holler Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-56730045 37.89275 -90.83142 10464 Cannon Holler Road Driveway 431 Pre Ex 10464 Cannon Holler Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-45960062 37.8605 -90.66029 11197 Mounts Road Driveway 430 Pre Ex 11197 Mounts Road Irondale MO 63648 573-749-32640065 37.90675 -90.79826 12040 State Highway P Driveway 477 Pre Ex 12040 State Highway P Potosi MO 63664 573-438-45430069 37.82888 -90.68621 19463 State Highway U Driveway 415 Pre Ex 19463 State Highway U Irondale MO 63648 573-749-33500076 37.89025 -90.72975 13623 State Highway U Driveway 410 Pre Ex 13623 State Highway U Mineral Point MO 63664 573-438-36250082 37.90547 -90.80098 10019 Bates Creek Road Driveway 446 Pre Ex 10019 Bates Creek Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-46100086 37.83242 -90.65226 10294 Jennings Road Driveway 430 Pre Ex 10256 Jennings Road Bismarck MO 63624 573-749-37180091 37.9059 -90.80145 10053 Bates Creek Road Driveway 597 Pre Ex 10053 Bates Creek Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-27700092 37.85309 -90.65469 10408 Angler Road Driveway 438 Pre Ex 10408 Angler Road Irondale MO 63648 573-749-38040117 37.83748 -90.66516 504 Mohawk Drive Driveway 441 Pre Ex P.O. Box 54 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-35080119 37.76166 -90.77328 400 South State Highway 21 Driveway #2 453 Pre Ex 400 South Highway 21 Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-34520130 37.8381 -90.66428 510 Navajo Drive Driveway 455 Pre Ex P.O. Box 179 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-37350154 37.83725 -90.66239 306 Iroquois Drive Driveway 572 Pre Ex 306 Iroquois Drive Irondale MO 63648 573-749-13110162 37.90896 -90.81597 10909 Bates Creek Road Driveway 410 Pre Ex 10909 Bates Creek Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-43050167 37.91327 -90.78846 11250 State Highway P Driveway 432 Pre Ex 11250 State Highway P Potosi MO 63664 573-438-36830175 37.90675 -90.79695 11986 State Highway P Driveway 445 Pre Ex 11986 State Highway P Potosi MO 63664 573-438-20300183 37.83141 -90.67679 200 Elm Street Driveway #1 402 Pre Ex P.O. Box 202 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-80050184 37.83293 -90.67564 200 South Maple Street Driveway #1 549 Pre Ex P.O. Box 131 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-93030193 37.83443 -90.67487 200 East Cherry Street Driveway 484 Pre Ex P.O. Box 13 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-35710194 37.90117 -90.8187 10262 Bates Creek Church Road Driveway 471 Pre Ex 10262 Bates Creek Church Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-28100218 37.9255 -90.8521 10068 Dunrovin Road Driveway 503 Pre Ex P.O. Box 606 Potosi MO 63664 573-631-84410223 37.8351 -90.67828 204 West Ash Street Driveway 493 Pre Ex P.O. Box 102 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-37850227 37.90731 -90.80008 10106 Ripple Road Driveway 472 Pre Ex 10106 Ripple Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-54770247 37.89931 -90.82021 10125 Bates Creek Church Road Driveway 402 Pre Ex 10262 Bates Creek Church Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-28100254 37.9072 -90.80415 10200 Bates Creek Road Driveway 584 Pre Ex 10200 Bates Creek Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-59330269 37.85997 -90.66073 11228 Mounts Road Driveway 589 Pre Ex 11228 Mounts Road Irondale MO 63648 573-749-00290299 37.73686 -90.67781 10060 Whippoorwill Drive Driveway 429 Pre Ex 10060 Whipoorwill Drive Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-67700321 37.84242 -90.66412 17807 State Highway M Driveway 501 Pre Ex 17769 State Highway M Irondale MO 636480340 37.78144 -90.66159 11697 John Emling Road Driveway 538 Pre Ex 11697 John Emling Road Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-67200393 37.78649 -90.8456 10206 Boydston Street Driveway 544 Pre Ex 10206 Boydston Street Belgrade MO 63622 573-776-57950425 37.88712 -90.70353 10787 Hopewell Road Driveway 497 Pre Ex 10787 Hopewell Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-40520426 37.88732 -90.701 10034 Rustin Road Driveway 522 Pre Ex 10034 Rustin Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-22530427 37.88784 -90.7003 11166 Hopewell Road Driveway 542 Pre Ex 11166 Hopewell Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-436-80240456 37.88834 -90.70319 13649 New Diggins Road Driveway 584 Pre Ex 13649 New Diggins Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-63990457 37.89408 -90.70525 13191 New Diggins Road Driveway 566 Pre Ex 13191 New Diggins Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-31270477 37.88885 -90.70449 13558 New Diggins Road Driveway 415 Pre Ex 13558 New Diggins Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-85750505 37.90121 -90.69389 10115 Cresswell Road Driveway 529 Pre Ex 10115 Cresswell Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-28590563 37.79441 -90.65274 22968 State Highway U Driveway 494 Pre Ex 22968 State Highway U Bismarck MO 63624 573-366-77480578 37.79459 -90.64519 23375 State Highway U Driveway 452 Pre Ex 23375 State Highway U Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-63870582 37.74957 -90.67192 10420 Holiday Shore Drive Driveway 404 Pre Ex 10420 Holiday Shore Drive Bismarck MO 663624 573-734-26500589 37.88459 -90.76533 10061 Skaggs Road Driveway 417 Pre Ex 10061 Skaggs Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-60680592 37.89505 -90.77927 12307 South State Highway 21 Driveway 472 Pre Ex 12307 South State Highway 21 Potosi MO 63664 573-438-53220600 37.88494 -90.78508 10150 Wescott Road Driveway 477 Pre Ex 10150 Wescott Potosi MO 63664 573-438-06470610 37.87457 -90.74544 10025 Bellmar Road Driveway 566 Pre Ex 10041 Bellmar Road Potosi MO 63664 573-436-40600612 37.87756 -90.74989 11925 John Smith Road Driveway 524 Pre Ex 11925 John Smith Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-55100616 37.86996 -90.73297 13196 John Smith Road Driveway #2 596 Pre Ex J. P.O. Box 562 Potosi MO 63664 573-749-33600634 37.87937 -90.75123 11785 John Smith Road Driveway 483 Pre Ex 11785 John Smith Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-45200637 37.87216 -90.72955 13424 John Smith Road Driveway 495 Pre Ex 13424 John Smith Road Potosi MO 63664 573-749-00750656 37.85886 -90.74004 10082 Prairie Road Driveway 440 Pre Ex 10082 Prairie Road Potosi MO 63664 573-749-33780686 37.8607 -90.74203 10217 Praire Road Driveway 560 Pre Ex 10217 Prairie Road Potosi MO 63664 573-749-3236



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Location Latitude Longitude PropertyZone Sub_Location Mon_Measurement Mon_Criteria_Units OwnerLastName OwnerFirstName OwnerAddress OwnerCity OwnerState OwnerZip OwnerPhone0689 37.88963 -90.77837 12697 South State Highway 21 Driveway 428 Pre Ex 12697 South State Highway 21 Potosi MO 63664 573-438-26400690 37.89221 -90.78028 South State Highway 21 Driveway 416 Pre Ex 12697 South State Highway 21 Potosi MO 63664 573-438-26400711 37.78606 -90.8437 10321 Boydstonn Road Driveway 515 Pre Ex P.O. Box 13 Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-00150716 37.78597 -90.84479 111 Birch Street Driveway 488 Pre Ex r P.O. Box 37 Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-82060721 37.78751 -90.84547 10131 Eaton Street Driveway 446 Pre Ex 10159 Eaton Street Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-57370724 37.78612 -90.84343 10069 Seabourne Street Driveway 430 Pre Ex 10069 Seabourne Street Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-14050736 37.87714 -90.78158 13600 South State Highway 21 Driveway 576 Pre Ex P.O. Box 243 Mineral Point MO 63660 573-436-13030739 37.78746 -90.84667 10138 Compton Street Driveway #2 477 Pre Ex J 10138 Compton Street Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-14150744 37.78811 -90.84919 10101 High Street Driveway 503 Pre Ex 10101 High Street Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-53880792 37.74264 -90.67297 10948 Holiday Shores Drive Driveway 593 Pre Ex 10948 Holiday Shores Drive Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-67650833 37.90782 -90.78075 10196 Old Highway 21 Driveway #1 507 Pre Ex 10196 Old Highway 21 Potosi MO 63664 573-438-42080835 37.77768 -90.84686 10524 Big River Road Driveway 595 Pre Ex 10524 Big River Road Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-54760844 37.74155 -90.67467 11071 Holday Shores Drive Driveway 470 Pre Ex 11071 Holiday Shores Drive Box 15 Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-67140852 37.73978 -90.67566 11216 Holiday Shores Drive Driveway 510 Pre Ex P.O. Box 10 Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-28170866 37.76578 -90.76482 10417 State Highway 32 Driveway 598 Pre Ex 10417 State Highway 32 Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-33270876 37.85489 -90.79792 11329 Douglas Road Driveway 420 Pre Ex 11329 Douglas Road Potosi MO 63664 573-779-38900884 37.83169 -90.77234 17453A South Highway 21 Driveway 512 Pre Ex 17453 South Highway 21 Potosi MO 63664 573-779-35770918 37.89657 -90.70659 13027 New Diggins Road Driveway 569 Pre Ex 13027 New Diggins Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-71920926 37.85662 -90.6963 11948 Zinc Mine Road Driveway 598 Pre Ex 11948 Zinc Mine Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-749-94220927 37.86296 -90.69624 11509 Zinc Mine Road Driveway 476 Pre Ex 11509 Zinc Mine Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-747-65010930 37.86255 -90.71376 16219 State Highway U Driveway 461 Pre Ex 16235 State Highway U Mineral Point MO 63660 573-749-37830953 37.83686 -90.78385 10922 Furnace Creek Road Driveway 584 Pre Ex 10922 Furnace Creek Road Potosi MO 63664 573-779-17270968 37.88631 -90.6801 10472 Potosi Lake Road Driveway #1 553 Pre Ex 10472 Potosi Lake Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-562-79590981 37.88265 -90.68436 11225 Potosi Lake Road Driveway 451 Pre Ex 11225 Potosi Lake Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-562-71970996 37.88561 -90.67968 10506 Potosi Lake Road Driveway 521 Pre Ex 10506 Potosi Lake Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-210-81501012 37.90864 -90.78174 10026 Weber Lane Driveway 568 Pre Ex 10026 Weber Lane Potosi MO 63664 573-438-49901017 37.90865 -90.78067 10208 Old Highway 21 Driveway 542 Pre Ex l P.O. Box 344 Potosi MO 63664 573-438-63361019 37.8177 -90.67686 20625 State Highway U Driveway 467 Pre Ex 20625 State Highway U Irondale MO 63648 573-749-00041023 37.77874 -90.78795 1055 Bo Circle Lane Driveway 419 Pre Ex l 10892 Lover's Lane Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-37231035 37.91096 -90.78061 11178 South State Highway 21 Driveway 538 Pre Ex 11178 South State Highway 21 Potosi MO 63664 573-438-46461040 37.90743 -90.78412 10185 York Road Driveway 463 Pre Ex 10185 York Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-53061043 37.83204 -90.67688 205 South Hickory Street Driveway 403 Pre Ex P.O. Box 209 Irondale MO 63648 573-366-66251075 37.82623 -90.831 15442 Delbridge Road Driveway 422 Pre Ex s 15442 Delbridge Road Potosi MO 63664 573-766-52331095 37.83548 -90.67904 207 North Oak Street Driveway 468 Pre Ex 115 Apache Irondale MO 63648 573-749-34561103 37.77622 -90.79133 11330 Lover's Lane Driveway 413 Pre Ex 10892 Lover's Lane Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-37231110 37.81965 -90.69112 15445 State Highway M Driveway 537 Pre Ex 15603 State Highway M Irondale MO 63648 573-749-85001115 37.89619 -90.69611 11832 Hopewell Road Old Driveway 534 Pre Ex 11832 Hopewell Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-20601130 37.75174 -90.65714 10241 Buford Bottom Road Driveway 472 Pre Ex P.O. Box 143 Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-21471132 37.89138 -90.69958 11443 Hopewell Road Driveway 494 Pre Ex 11443 Hopewell Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-73361134 37.83832 -90.76766 16892 South State Highway 21 Driveway 586 Pre Ex 16892 South State Highway 21 Potosi MO 63664 573-779-34261142 37.772366 -90.789623 10892 Lover's Lane Driveway 416 Pre Ex 10892 Lover's Lane Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-37231145 37.79136 -90.77908 10093 Mac Road Driveway 519 Pre Ex 10093 Mac Road Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-37421146 37.82827 -90.67999 19803 State Highway U Driveway 420 Pre Ex 19803 State Highway U Irondale MO 63648 573-739-92821147 37.82836 -90.68076 19757 State Highway U Driveway 537 Pre Ex 19757 State Highway U Irondale MO 63648 573-749-35851150 37.79877 -90.75813 10908 State Highway M Driveway 459 Pre Ex 10908 State Highway M Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-38461152 37.77834 -90.79044 10181 Dallas Lane Driveway 436 Pre Ex 10892 Lover's Lane Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-37231203 37.78857 -90.77698 20637 State Highway 21 Driveway #1 511 Pre Ex 20637 State Highway 21 Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-38691259 37.79003 -90.87022 10047 Burr Street Driveway 591 Pre Ex 10047 Burr Street Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-57181261 37.78096 -90.83463 13245 State Highway C Driveway 564 Pre Ex s 13265 State Highway C Belgrade MO 636221262 37.88386 -90.70608 10147 Elliott Road Driveway 506 Pre Ex 10147 Elliott Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-20931266 37.7551 -90.88428 11488 Brinley Road Driveway #1 403 Pre Ex 11488 Brinley Road Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-52121289 37.87416 -90.74664 12339 John Smith Road Driveway #1 556 Pre Ex 12339 John Smith Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-3115



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Location Latitude Longitude PropertyZone Sub_Location Mon_Measurement Mon_Criteria_Units OwnerLastName OwnerFirstName OwnerAddress OwnerCity OwnerState OwnerZip OwnerPhone1293 37.8132 -90.82471 10741 King Road Driveway 591 Pre Ex 10553 King Road Potosi MO 63664 573-766-53301308 37.78102 -90.83874 13469 State Highway C Driveway 559 Pre Ex 13469 State Highway C Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-57491323 37.83804 -90.67888 207 Jenkins Street Driveway 435 Pre Ex 207 Jenkins Street Irondale MO 63648 573-749-34471326 37.83725 -90.67836 311 Hickory Street Driveway 570 Pre Ex PO Box 3 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-34291336 37.73761 -90.67715 10041 Mockingbird Drive Driveway 557 Pre Ex 7543 Murdock Shrewsbury MO 63119 573-734-27521345 37.83662 -90.68033 201 North Street Driveway 516 Pre Ex P.O. Box 93 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-34841356 37.76179 -90.77416 121 Buxton Street Driveway 507 Pre Ex 121 Buxton Street Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-33451409 37.88505 -90.68486 11659 Potosi Lake Road Driveway 416 Pre Ex 11659 Potosi Lake Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-201-46701412 37.88984 -90.67953 10207 Potosi Lake Road Driveway 470 Pre Ex 10207 Potosi Lake Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-562-72051425 37.825153 -90.779978 10063 Furnace Creek Road Driveway 512 Pre Ex 10063 Furnace Creek Road Potosi MO 63664 573-779-35801443 37.88491 -90.70674 10720 Hopewell Road Driveway 455 Pre Ex 10720 Hopewell Road Mineral Point MO 63663 573-438-97361448 37.86009 -90.69556 11759 Zince Mine Road Driveway 536 Pre Ex 11759 Zinc Mine Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-749-38121486 37.85715 -90.75907 10154 Younker Road Driveway #2 487 Pre Ex 10154 Younker Road Potosi MO 63664 573-779-39951499 37.7875 -90.85139 14292 State Highway C Driveway 516 Pre Ex 14292 State Highway C Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-58741526 37.87803 -90.66455 10067 Prior Road Driveway 416 Pre Ex 10067 Prior Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-562-70531527 37.87856 -90.66604 10157 Prior Road Driveway 445 Pre Ex 10157 Prior Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-562-72801535 37.75232 -90.8389 12224 State Highway BB Driveway 428 Pre Ex 12224 State Highway BB Caledonia MO 63631 573-766-10401541 37.78544 -90.68412 11883 Doc Wallen Road Driveway 445 Pre Ex 10776 John Emling Road Bimarck MO 63624 573-749-33831551 37.90483 -90.70528 10470 Railroad Road Driveway 508 Pre Ex 10470 Railroad Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-24451553 37.89924 -90.70516 10886 Railroad Road Driveway 493 Pre Ex 10886 Railroad Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-436-40271560 37.89164 -90.73688 13241 State Highway U Driveway 558 13241 State Highway U Mineral Point MO 63660 573-436-1806

Shaded properties had lead concentrations in the potable water that exceeded EPA MCLs and 2 potable water samples will be collected from these properties.Property ID 1560 is not in EPA data base; property information obtained from Tetra Tech Report.



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Location Latitude Longitude PropertyZone Sub_Location Mon_Measurement Mon_Criteria_Units OwnerLastName OwnerFirstName OwnerAddress OwnerCity OwnerState OwnerZip OwnerPhone0013 37.77816 -90.68806 12110 Doc Wallen Road Driveway 627 Pre Ex 12110 Doc Wallen Road Irondale MO 63648 573-747-78880061 37.8586 -90.65781 11229 Mounts Road Driveway 618 Pre Ex 11229 Mounts Road Irondale MO 63648 573-749-32220127 37.8365 -90.66357 202 Pawnee Drive Driveway 725 Pre Ex P.O. Box 42 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-01030133 37.83668 -90.66254 303 Iroquois Drive Driveway 646 Pre Ex 303 Iroquois Drive Irondale MO 63648 573-210-83630157 37.83398 -90.66335 115 Iroquois Drive Driveway 669 Pre Ex P.O. Box 35 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-38960328 37.88129 -90.69578 10975 Elliott Road Driveway 718 Pre Ex 10969 Elliott Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-34910343 37.77947 -90.66199 11875 John Emling Road Driveway 775 Pre Ex P.O. Box 584 Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-20670480 37.90027 -90.69553 12132 Hopewell Road Driveway 679 Pre Ex 12132 Hopewell Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-59260481 37.8998 -90.69548 12114 Hopewell Road Driveway 682 Pre Ex 12114 Hopewell Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-46220500 37.89799 -90.77895 12097 South State Highway 21 Driveway 703 Pre Ex 12097 South State Highway 21 Potosi MO 63664 573-438-73940550 37.90416 -90.69621 12395 Hopewell Road Driveway 687 Pre Ex 12437 Hopewell Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-85790604 37.876627 -90.76187 10662 Skaggs Road Driveway 788 Pre Ex I 10592 Skaggs Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-39240664 37.83932 -90.67825 2560 North Hickory Driveway 612 Pre Ex P.O. Box 22 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-33290667 37.83666 -90.67802 300 North Hickory Street Driveway 791 Pre Ex 300 North Hickory Street Irondale MO 63648 573-749-636480678 37.876154 -90.738065 11160 Trailway Road Driveway #2 677 Pre Ex P.O. Box 278 Potosi MO 63664 573-438-55130681 37.83848 -90.67341 500 Summit Street Driveway 720 Pre Ex P.O. Box 269 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-01300691 37.8835 -90.78231 13144 South State Highway 21 Driveway #1 789 Pre Ex 13144 South State Highway 21 Potosi MO 63664 573-438-53240722 37.78802 -90.84639 10069 Eaton Street Driveway 759 Pre Ex 10069 Eaton Street Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-14000727 37.88863 -90.77789 10109 John Smith Road Driveway 663 Pre Ex P.O. Box 153 Potosi MO 63664 573-438-40910732 37.88002 -90.78132 13375 South State Highway 21 Driveway 729 Pre Ex 13375 South State Highway 21 Potosi MO 63664 573-438-52730754 37.78851 -90.86544 10058 Beverly Street Driveway 667 Pre Ex 10058 Beverly Street Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-57980755 37.78008 -90.82351 12631 State Highway C Driveway 709 Pre Ex 12631 State Highway C Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-56750810 37.88137 -90.70943 10441 Hopewell Road Driveway #1 719 Pre Ex 10441 Hopewell Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-10730818 37.79804 -90.66238 10069 Hickory Grove Cemetary Road Driveway 766 Pre Ex Hickory Grove Cemetary Road Bismarck MO 63624 573-330-62240853 37.74123 -90.67551 11114 Holiday Shores Drive Driveway 711 Pre Ex 11114 Holiday Shores Drive Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-90990861 37.74021 -90.67476 10064 North Blue Jay Drive Driveway 647 Pre Ex 10064 North Blue Jay Drive Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-25070895 37.85173 -90.7609 15818 South State Highway 21 Driveway 709 Pre Ex 15818 South State Highway 21 Potosi MO 63664 573-779-12230903 37.77365 -90.8313 13409 Webster Road Driveway 647 Pre Ex 13409 Webster Road Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-57130907 37.7814 -90.84412 10267 Big River Road Driveway 712 Pre Ex P.O. Box 52 Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-56510916 37.89224 -90.69962 11503 Hopewell Road Driveway 723 Pre Ex 11503 Hopewell Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-41680917 37.89107 -90.70065 11342 Hopewell Road Driveway 634 Pre Ex 11342 Hopewell Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-436-03370929 37.86116 -90.71243 16235 State Highway U Driveway 615 Pre Ex 16235 State Highway U Mineral Point MO 63660 573-749-37830969 37.88512 -90.68063 10254 Hays Road Driveway 707 Pre Ex 10254 Hays Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-854-41791016 37.90876 -90.78622 10270 Weber Lane Driveway #2 732 Pre Ex 10270 Weber Lane Potosi MO 63664 573-438-52801018 37.76474 -90.80708 11893 Webster Road Driveway 794 Pre Ex 11893 Webster Road Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-35881045 37.76846 -90.82148 12751 Webster Road Driveway 655 Pre Ex 12751 Webster Road Caledonia MO 63631 573-766-56921071 37.83447 -90.67953 302 West Ash Driveway 718 Pre Ex 302 West Ash Irondale MO 63648 573-915-66861116 37.89261 -90.6996 11525 Hopewell Road Driveway 787 Pre Ex l 11525 Hopewell Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-631-46581137 37.87305 -90.73276 13307 John Smith Road Driveway #1 656 Pre Ex 10193 West State Highway E Potosi MO 63664 573-749-32021155 37.7785 -90.79055 10168 Dallas Lane Driveway 781 Pre Ex 10892 Lover's Lane Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-37231239 37.76352 -90.75636 10858 State Highway 32 Driveway #1 634 Pre Ex l 10858 State Highway 32 Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-37651241 37.75953 -90.73592 12166 State Highway 32 Driveway #1 766 Pre Ex 12166 State Highway 32 Bismarck MO 63624 573-779-35791307 37.76547 -90.79317 11120 Webster Road Driveway 608 Pre Ex t 11120 Webster Road Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-37501325 37.83639 -90.67004 113 Oriole Drive Driveway 768 Pre Ex P.O. Box 203 Irondale MO 63648 573-576-73361331 37.83325 -90.67898 105 Rail Drive Driveway 625 Pre Ex P.O. Box 125 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-32341370 37.83786 -90.66369 305 Pawnee Drive Driveway 736 Pre Ex 3258 East Ryan Road Oak Creek WI 53154 414-764-92731377 37.897513 -90.687902 10345 Cresswell Road Driveway 732 Pre Ex 10345 Cresswell Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-436-07021382 37.79892 -90.66447 22217 State Highway U Driveway 695 Pre Ex 22217 State Highway U Irondale MO 63648 573-749-37381399 37.8396 -90.66225 410 Iroquois Drive Driveway #2 618 Pre Ex 410 Iroquois Drive Irondale MO 63648 573-749-02201429 37.76304 -90.77036 301 College Street Driveway #1 704 Pre Ex P.O. Box 16 Caledonia MO 63631 573-210-16611442 37.8845 -90.70697 10714 Hopewell Road Driveway 682 Pre Ex 10714 Hopewell Road Mineral Point MO 636636 573-210-65141449 37.8316 -90.67773 213 South Oak Street Driveway #1 602 Pre Ex 213 South Oak Street Irondale MO 63648 573-749-3301



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Location Latitude Longitude PropertyZone Sub_Location Mon_Measurement Mon_Criteria_Units OwnerLastName OwnerFirstName OwnerAddress OwnerCity OwnerState OwnerZip OwnerPhone1456 37.88427 -90.6825 11818 Potosi Lake Road Driveway 688 Pre Ex . 11818 Potosi Lake Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-315-75181469 37.84306 -90.6548 10299 Whippoorwill Lane Driveway 709 Pre Ex 10308 Whippoorwill Lane Irondale MO 63648 573-749-33011483 37.76305 -90.77214 111 Alexander Street Driveway 755 Pre Ex 111 Alexander Street Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-33221492 37.78921 -90.86639 10024 Glenda Road Driveway #1 715 Pre Ex 10024 Glenda Road Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-54451520 37.87456 -90.66687 10221 Green Acres Road Driveway 653 Pre Ex 10221 Green Acres Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-631-05671531 37.91062 -90.75521 11269 State Highway U Driveway 657 Pre Ex 11269State Highway U Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-2862

Shaded properties had lead concentrations in the potable water that exceeded EPA MCLs and 2 potable water samples will be collected from these properties.

Table 3-3Residential Properties with Lead Concentrations in the Driveway between 800 and 1,000 mg/kg


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Location Latitude Longitude PropertyZone Sub_Location Mon_Measurement Mon_Criteria_Units OwnerLastName OwnerFirstName OwnerAddress OwnerCity OwnerState OwnerZip OwnerPhone0126 37.83644 -90.66406 207 Sioux Drive Driveway 843 Pre Ex r 207 Souix Drive Irondale MO 63648 573-749-37580182 37.83183 -90.67762 208 South Oak Street Driveway 927 Pre Ex P.O. Box 296 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-11320225 37.85674 -90.76123 15477 South State Highway 21 Driveway 906 Pre Ex r 15477 South State Highway 21 Potosi MO 63664 573-779-34370255 37.89614 -90.82961 10188 Cannon Holler Road Driveway 905 Pre Ex 10188 Cannon Holler Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-86290266 37.86069 -90.66035 11162 Mounts Road Driveway 803 Pre Ex 11162 Mounts Road Irondale MO 63648 no phone0334 37.80493 -90.72189 13592 Cedar Creek Road Driveway 839 Pre Ex 13592 Cedar Creek Road Irondale MO 63648 573-779-33510384 37.76223 -90.77621 146 Buxton Street Driveway #2 906 Pre Ex 146 Buxton Street Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-34470464 37.90032 -90.68987 10984 Old Highway 8 East Driveway 987 Pre Ex s 10984 Old Highway 8 East Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-11150513 37.83259 -90.67327 10054 Scout Camp Road Driveway 835 Pre Ex 10054 Scout Camp Road Bismarck MO 63624 573-749-10280555 37.82545 -90.64863 11570 Scout Camp Road Driveway 990 Pre Ex 11570 Scout Camp Road Irondale MO 63648 573-749-38380569 37.8024 -90.65587 10511 Gibson Road Driveway #2 871 Pre Ex 10511 Gibson Road Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-21200572 37.80945 -90.68255 10557 Big River Cemetary Road Driveway 875 Pre Ex 10557 Big River Cemetary Road Irondale MO 63648 573-749-34540577 37.79458 -90.64981 23131 State Highway U Driveway 901 Pre Ex 23131 State Highway U Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-29200638 37.87484 -90.7492 12117 John Smith Road Driveway 825 Pre Ex 12117 John Smith Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-64800758 37.8727 -90.79254 10875 Delbridge Road Driveway 814 Pre Ex 10875 Delbridge Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-60170883 37.83179 -90.77239 17453 South Highway 21 Driveway 880 Pre Ex 17453 South Highway 21 Potosi MO 63664 573-779-35770979 37.88413 -90.6804 10128 Demick Road Driveway 993 Pre Ex 10128 Demick Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-562-10731005 37.76449 -90.80157 10043 Flat Woods Road Driveway 928 Pre Ex 10043 Flat Woods Road Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-17531008 37.77194 -90.80057 10457 Drury Road Driveway 844 Pre Ex 10457 Drury Road Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-38571079 37.8007 -90.76643 10455 State Highway M Driveway 843 Pre Ex P.O. Box 37 Irondale MO 63648 573-779-33241082 37.84235 -90.68121 309 North Street Driveway 802 Pre Ex 309 North Street Irondale MO 63648 573-749-38891273 37.75532 -90.90935 11322 Council Bluff Road Driveway 884 Pre Ex 11322 Council Bluff Road Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-58311333 37.82864 -90.68263 19657 State Highway U Driveway 870 Pre Ex 19657 State Highway U Irondale MO 63648 573-749-33771361 37.83724 -90.66435 510 Mohawk Drive Driveway 950 Pre Ex P.O. Box 29 Irondale MO 636481413 37.84615 -90.66183 18069 State Highway M Driveway 900 Pre Ex 18069 State Highway M Irondale MO 63648 573-749-33741417 37.76458 -90.80978 12037 Webster Road Driveway #2 914 Pre Ex 12037 Webster Road Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-38371533 37.8692 -90.80265 11510 Delbridge Road Driveway 876 Pre Ex 11510 Delbridge Road Potosi MO 63664 573-436-0988

20956 37.91407 -90.78765 11174 State Highway p Driveway 945 Pre Ex P.O. Box 782 Potosi MO 63664 573-438-2052

Table 3-4Residential Properties with Lead Concentrations in the Driveway between 1,000 and 1,200 mg/kg


1 of 1

Location Latitude Longitude PropertyZone Sub_Location Mon_Measurement Mon_Criteria_Units OwnerLastName OwnerFirstName OwnerAddress OwnerCity OwnerState OwnerZip OwnerPhone0052 37.84538 -90.66161 18040 State Highway M Driveway 1053 Pre Ex 32 Hill Street Park Hills MO 63601 573-431-69300094 37.83424 -90.673 111 Apache Drive Driveway 1013 Pre Ex 111 Apache Drive Irondale MO 63648 573-749-35090109 37.93192 -90.83638 12481 West State Highway 8 Driveway 1176 Pre Ex l 12481 West State Highway 8 Potosi MO 63664 573-438-60630131 37.8393 -90.66378 409 Pawnee Drive Driveway 1114 Pre Ex e P.O. Box 56 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-37820135 37.83424 -90.66737 301 Cherokee Drive Driveway #1 1017 Pre Ex P.O. Box 229 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-00440137 37.83294 -90.66602 114 Comanche Drive Driveway 1131 Pre Ex P.O. Box 106 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-37790283 37.8566 -90.69904 12514 Zinc Mine Road Driveway 1031 Pre Ex 12514 Zinc Mine Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-749-34190292 37.78242 -90.74507 11410 Cedar Creek Road Driveway 1152 Pre Ex 11410 Cedar Creek Road Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-12340294 37.79983 -90.72675 13052 Cedar Creek Road Driveway #2 1172 Pre Ex 13052 Cedar Creek Road Irondale MO 63648 573-779-33180320 37.77687 -90.66238 10156 Holtz Road Driveway #2 1163 Pre Ex 10156 Holtz Road Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-21460338 37.78836 -90.67245 10776 John Emling Road Driveway 1018 Pre Ex 10776 John Emling Road Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-27130361 37.76266 -90.77312 312 South State Highway 21 Driveway 1072 Pre Ex 312 South State Highway 21 Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-33950381 37.73803 -90.67987 10043 Robin Drive Driveway 1008 Pre Ex 10043 Robin Drive Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-24580422 37.88858 -90.7058 10183 Oxley Road Driveway 1155 Pre Ex 10183 Oxley Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-438-25630469 37.75216 -90.89579 10740 Council Bluff Road Driveway 1062 Pre Ex 10740 Council Bluff Road Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-56380506 37.84343 -90.66426 17827 State Highway M Driveway 1018 Pre Ex 17827 State Highway M Irondale MO 63648 573-749-38920514 37.83067 -90.66302 10568 Scout Camp Road Driveway 1077 Pre Ex P.O. Box 19 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-35500535 37.80367 -90.6683 10133 Thistle Dew Road Driveway 1197 Pre Ex t P.O. Box 33 Irondale MO 63648 573-749-33390573 37.80602 -90.69994 10186 Doc Wallen Road Driveway 1159 Pre Ex 10186 Doc Wallen Road Irondale MO 63648 573-749-34110609 37.87674 -90.74978 11981 John Smith Road Driveway 1027 Pre Ex r 11981 John Smith Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-53980619 37.87391 -90.75024 12158 John Smith Road Driveway #1 1006 Pre Ex 12158 John Smith Road Potosi MO 63664 572-749-34320657 37.83592 -90.67487 205 East Ash Street Driveway 1085 Pre Ex P.O. Box 61 Irondale MO 63648 573-218-27590675 37.83527 -90.67892 205 North Oak Street Driveway #1 1153 Pre Ex 205 North Oak Street Irondale MO 636480702 37.76204 -90.77618 145 Buxton Street Driveway 1158 Pre Ex 12099 Cedar Creek Road Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-84400760 37.87356 -90.79146 10784 Delbridge Road Driveway #2 1100 Pre Ex 6526 Thornbird Drive Bonne Terre MO 63628 573-431-69550882 37.87212 -90.79649 11104 Delbridge Road Driveway 1155 Pre Ex 11104 Delbridge Road Potosi MO 636640983 37.88432 -90.68327 11786 Potosi Lake Road Driveway #2 1195 Pre Ex 11786 Potosi Lake Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-562-00371026 37.84785 -90.7652 10173 Westlyn Road Driveway #2 1133 Pre Ex 100 River Chase Drive Park Hills MO 63601 573-747-34951107 37.81742 -90.69326 15277 State Highway M Driveway 1122 Pre Ex 15277 State Highway M Irondale MO 63648 573-749-35301131 37.75113 -90.65701 10247 Buford Bottom Road Driveway 1185 Pre Ex P.O. Box 143 Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-21471229 37.74684 -90.84138 12703 State Highway BB Driveway 1081 Pre Ex 12703 State Highway BB Caledonia MO 63631 573-766-53601311 37.78758 -90.85272 14370 State Highway C Driveway 1040 Pre Ex 14370 State Highway C Belgrade MO 63622 573-766-5481

Table 3-5Properties Selected for Two Potable Water Samples


1 of 1

Location Latitude Longitude PropertyZone Sub_Location Result OwnerFirstName OwnerLastName OwnerAddress OwnerCity OwnerState OwnerZip OwnerPhone0011 37.83913 -90.78386 11074 Furnace Creek Road Hydrant 24 11074 Furnace Creek Road Potosi MO 63664 573-631-18530012 37.86102 -90.65235 10444 Eternity Road Hydrant 20 10444 Eternity Road Irondale MO 63648 573-749-34620227 37.90731 -90.80008 10106 Ripple Road Spigot 18 10106 Ripple Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-54770565 37.82217 -90.67707 20307 State Highway U Spigot 20 20307 State Highway U Irondale MO 63648 573-749-03080636 37.87123 -90.73136 13340 John Smith Road Hydrant 55 13340 John Smith Road Potosi MO 63664 573-749-0002642 37.87937 -90.73678 10703 Trailway Road Hydrant 18.8 10703 Trailway Road Potosi Mo 63664 573-438-36060678 37.876154 -90.738065 11160 Trailway Road Spigot 22 P.O. Box 278 Potosi MO 63664 573-438-55130776 37.84493 -90.78469 11485 Furnace Creek Road Hydrant 17.2 11485 Furnace Creek Road Potosi MO 63664 573-779-17390788 37.73914 -90.67559 11252 Holiday Shores Drive Spigot 37 11252 Holiday Shores Drive Bismarck MO 63624 573-734-24681125 37.86054 -90.65114 10460 Eternity Road Spigot 37.5 10460 Eternity Road Irondale MO 63648 573-749-81221134 37.83832 -90.76766 16892 South State Highway 21 Spigot 78.3 16892 South State Highway 21 Potosi MO 63664 573-779-34261137 37.87305 -90.73276 13307 John Smith Road Spigot 29.7 10193 West State Highway E Potosi MO 63664 573-749-32021287 37.86041 -90.64527 10867 Eternity Road Hydrant 15.2 t 10867 Eternity Road Irondale MO 63648 573-749-37251353 37.74739 -90.77486 10382 Buford Road Hydrant 21.3 10382 Buford Road Caledonia MO 63631 573-779-84451391 37.88999 -90.680263 10194 Potosi Lake Road Spigot 21 10194 Potosi Lake Road Mineral Point MO 63660 573-562-72991485 37.90424 -90.77802 10092 Schroer Road 128 10092 Schroer Road Potosi MO 63664 573-438-43721560 37.89164 -90.73688 13241 State Highway U Spigot 16.1 13241 State Highway U Mineral Point MO 63660 573-436-1806

Property IDs where resampling confirmed that the potable water contained lead concentrations that exceeded EPA MCLs include 565, 636, 1125, 1137, 1287, and 1560.

Property ID 788 contained a lead concentration of 1,623 mg/kg in cell 1 and has likely been remediated. It will not be included in the list of properties for soil sampling.Property ID 1353 contained a post excavation lead reading and has likely been remediated. It will not be included in the list of properties for soil sampling.

Shaded properties contain lead concentrations in the driveway that exceed 400 ppm and will be included in the list of properties that will have their driveways sampled. Property ID 11 contained a lead concentration of 2,867 mg/kg in the driveway and has likely been remediated. It will not be included in the list of properties for soil sampling.Property ID 565 contained a lead concentration of 1,473 mg/kg in the driveway and has likely been remediated. It will not be included in the list of properties for soil sampling.Property ID 636 contained a lead concentration of 1,473 mg/kg in cell 5 and has likely been remediated. It will not be included in the list of properties for soil sampling.

Table 3-6 Summary of Sampling Activities

Media

Analysis

Lab

Field Samples Collected

QC Samples Total Number

of Samples

to USEPA

Lab

Confirmation Sample

Equipment Blank

(rinsate)

Field Duplicates

MS/MSD

Surface Soil Selected Metals 1 EPA CLP 60 0 3 3 3 ** 69

Subsurface Soil

Selected Metals 1 EPA CLP 500 50* 5 0 3 ** 58

Potable Water Selected Metals 1

EPA CLP

129

0

0

7

7**

143

Bio-accessibility RBLP EPA 60 0 0 3 3** 66

CLP = Contract Laboratory Program MS = Matrix Spike 1 Analysis for As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ag, V, and Zn * Same container as primary field sample. ** Selected by EPA Region 7 laboratory. Taken from field sample submitted. Additional volume not required for water samples; additional volume required for soil samples.

Table 3-7 Sampling Methods, Containers, Preservation, and Maximum Holding Times

Furnace Creek Site Parameter Method Container

Requirements Preservative Holding Time**

Extraction Analysis Subsurface Soil - EPA Region 7 Laboratory Analysis

Selected Metals *

ICP-AES SW846 6010C

Submit 2 oz. Whirl Pak® analyzed by

XRF in field. Do not place Whirl-Pac in

glass jar.

Ice to 4ºC 180 days 6 months

Surface Soil – EPA Region 7 Laboratory Analysis Selected Metals *

ICP-AES SW846 6010C 1 - 4 oz glass jar Ice to 4ºC 180 days 6 months

Soil – In-vitro Bioaccessibility - EPA Region 7 Laboratory Analysis Lead RBLP 1 - 4 oz glass jar Ice to 4ºC 180 days 6 months

Potable Water – EPA Region 7 Laboratory Analysis

Selected Metals *

ICP-MS EPA 200.8

1 – 1 liter polyethylene cubitainers

1 mL nitric acid &

Ice to 4ºC 180 days 6 months

* Analysis for As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ag, V, and Zn ** The EPA TOPO may recover the unused portion of the samples submitted for bioaccessibility analysis for future analysis such as speciation.

Appendix A

Example Documentation

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Region VII901 North 5th Street

Kansas City, Kansas 66101

Washington County Lead DistrictFurnace Creek Site

Access Agreement to PerformSoil Sampling and Water Sampling

-

I PROPERTY ACCESSI (To be completed by property owner)

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting further Investigations of the lead contamination atthe Washington County Lead 01 tnct uperfund Sites In order to evaluat th ri ks po ed by historical mining activity in thearea. As part of thi evaluation, the EPA needs to look at the lead levels found in residential soils and drinking water at anumber of residential properties. Your assistance in this investigation will prOVide critical information in determining the risksposed by potential lead contamination. Black and Veatch Special Projects Corp. (BVSPC) is under contract with the EPA toassist in the determination of levels of lead and other metals in residential soils and drinking water within the WashingtonCounty Lead District Sites. Your cooperation is requested in giving BVSPC/EPA permission to access your property for thepurpose of collecting soil and water samples in support of this investigation. Contact Steve Kemp at the EPA, (913) 5517194, for further information.

Printed Name of Property Owner Granting Access: _(Property Owner's Prfnted Name)

(Property Owner's Sfgnature) (Date)

NOTE: Sampffng may not be schedufed or conducted Immediatety upon granting access.

PROPERTY INFORMATION(To be completed by reSident andlor property owner - Please Print)

Property Address:(CITY) [STATE) (ZIP)

Property Owner's Name:

Resident's Name (If not Owner):

Owner's Mailing Address:

Owner's Telephone Number - Home: Alternate:

Are there children under 7 years old liVing at this property? DYes ONo o N/A o Unknown

If yes, what is the date of birth of the youngest child?

Comments:

AUTHORITY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE ACTIONS

The activities to be implemented by EPA under thiS agreement are pursuant to Section 104 of CERCLA. 42 U.S.C. 9604. EPA's right of access to theproperty In Section 104(e) of CERCLA. 42 U.S.C. 9604te} provides entry for "determining the need for response. or chOOSing or taking any responseaction under this title, or otherwise enforcing the prOVIsions of this title:

II:~ Black & Veatch Special Projects Corp.447XJ

Furnace Creek SiteSite Sketch

North Arrow

Sampling Address:

Sample Number DepthLead Sample

LabSampies Collected

Concentration Collected Firm:RSCPXA- 0- 1" ppm 0 0 Date:RSCPXB- 6 - 12" ppm D D Time:RSCPXC- 12 - 18" ppm D D

Samples AnalyzedRSCPXD- 18 - 24" ppm D 0RSCPXE- 24 - 30" ppm D D XRF Unit Book:RSCPXF- 30 - 36" ppm D D Date:RSCPXAS- S ppm D D Time:

Number of Samples =D D Staff:

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Latitude: Longitude:

Sample Collection Field Sheetus EPA Region 7Kansas City, KS

ASR Number: 2567 Sample Number: 22 QC Code:_ Matrix: Solid Tag 10: 2567-22-_

Project 10: JC07LT03 Project Manager: John CookProject Desc: Madison County Mines - OU#3 Site

City: Fredericktown State: MissouriProgram: Superfund

Site Name: MADISON COUNTY MINES - MADWIDE Site 10: 07LT Site OU: 03

Location Oesc:

Expected Conc:

Latitude:

Longitude:

External Sample Number:

(or Circle one:(;)Medium High)

_ _ _ Sample Collection: Start:

End:

Date Time(24 hr)

-'--'-

Laboratory Analyses:Container Preservative

1 - 8 oz glass 4 Deg C

1 - 8 oz glass 4 Deg C

Sample Comments:

(N/A)

Holding Time

180 Days

180 Days

Analysis

1 Mercury In 5011 or Sediment

1 Metals In Solids by ICP

Sample Collected By: _

1 of 1

Pro ID: JC07LT30TH

Matrix: Solid

Cont: 8 oz glass

#1~res: 4 Deg C

Start: -----1-----1__

End :-----I--f__

2909-6-_

1 TOC S.2A

Example Sample Label

CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORDENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY REGION VII

.O\CTlVITY LEADER(Print) INAME OF SURVEY OR ACTIVITY [DATE OF CO~I,fCTIO~ I sHE:E:"5Oh. V\ r"cJO t Ff<fOERrCk TOwN t..EIlD --l.lAv ~ONiH ~ R 11 10'1//

CONTENTS OF SHIPMENT SOI.L SAtYlPLE5TYPE OF CONTAINERS SAMPLED MEDIA RECEIVING LABORATORY

SAMPLE --- VOA SET '1' other REMARKSiOTHER INFORMATIONNUMBER B'Oi'i'IT -- -- ECUBITAINER BOTTLE BOTTLE (2 VIALS EA) (condItIOn of Simples upon receipt.

~

~~ olher sample numbers. elC )

NUMBERS OF CONTAINERS PER SAMPLE NUMBER ; ~ "'0

2)(~7 -I >< 1::X -l)(.7 - Z

-Z )(;. 7 -37)/~7 - 1./

2.;-(..7 -~

2')(07 -(.,

?C;-t, 7 -7l~c52:7 - ~

25&7- '1';;J.. 5[,7 - / {)

~t:;C,7 -/1

:<51,. 7 - / Z

;(5"7 - I '3~5fd 7 - J £..j

/J..5& 7 - I)

:25(,,7 -/(p

;l..~l:1 - /7:;..c;l, I -/8"

::< 5b7 -/9

:<5(;.7 -26~~b7 - ZIIdC;C,7 - 22

l.;?~l,7 -2 "]

[;25"7 -2'1 I~ rxDESCRIPTION OF SHIPMENT MODE OF SHIPMENT

PIECE(S) CONSISTING OF BOX(ES) __ COMMERCIAL CARRIER

"><:::E CHEST(Sj OTHERX:URIER

? SAMPLER CONVEYED (SHIPPING DOCUMENT NUMBER)

PERSONNEL CUSTODY RECORD

ftELINQUISHED BY£ERl DA~~ TIME RECEIVED BY REASON FOR CHANGE OF CUSTODY

-1/n d > /000t::::li:t.ly- UNSEALED rsfAl-i:iJ h SEALED UNSEALED r

,,- II\ELlNQUISHED BY DATE TIME RECEIVED BY REASON FOR CHANGE OF CUSTODY

11 SEALED UNSEALEDr hSEALED UNSEALED rRELINQUISHED BY DATE TIME RECEIVED BY REASON FOR CHANGE OF CUSTODY

hSEALED UNSEALED! hSEALED UNSEALEDr

7-EPA-9262(Revlsed 5/85) ·U.S. GPO: 2002-756-917/40053

/O~4\. UNITED STATES ~NO. IDATE >-•f ft \ ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY i5

~ALSAMPLESEAL SlQHATURE :.:

\.~ 0Ii'l,-4,J PRlNT HAllIE AND TIT\J; (Inspector, Analyst or Technician)

a ~Q

Example Custody Seal

Addr8a 6601 COLLEGE BLVD

"..,._ ...-..._......'CoIlor_

4Il ElqnIa~ServIce

o f.:&~'I,..Ffeight" 0 ~~~

o ~~... 0 ~~.,.SavIrL-- _E!M!Ip_"'__O!WP;!lr!1!!!!- ----.J

1060-3987-9

PROJ CORP

8512 5846 7255TracilnI-Sendef'. FedExAccouri NInlber

~ ~~~~~lli~__~~~(9~1~3~)4~5~8~-~20~0~Q~~BLACK&VEATCH SPECIAL

FecExs USAirbillExpress

CityOVERLANO PARK SlIIt8 KS ZIP 66211-1504

2 to:~~lWIollDCe ()lllt't\ \' ~ \OOTl?NAL .

3~. ~\UJ\Q. ~~\~. ~(~ \k&~ -l\ llt'-"\--'~'C\'\~N~l\ _~. 7JlYJ ro\~t>tA A.\j,-,--,-Q.~---=-~'NetMlCl.... to,.o. .... p.O.ZJPcoHa. ~

5 PacIuIglng ,-_....

o~. 0 FedEx Pak" 0 FedEx 0 li~ ?d0lIww~......... ~..;t..~~-."* Ball ..... K

• Sign to AuIhorize DerI¥WY WIthout. SignIlIn

0302613373

Try ~~lline shippin~ ~t lede~.cOl~.~Sy"=1n .......:::::.Guido, iddlg_1tlII1niI ....~

Ouestions? VISit our Web siIB at f8dex.comor call.lUl.GoFed£x 1.m463.3339.

Appendix B

EPA Region 7 Standard Operating Procedures

EPA Region 7 Standard Operating Procedure No. 4230.7A

Geoprobe Operation March 17, 1995

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE

No. 4230.1A

Geoprobe Operation

March 17, 1995

~hfDabe

// /1'0= ?JDate

s/toICfs-Date

Assurance ManagerRegi

Chief, Environmental Services DivisionSupport Branch

~E/K~Chief, Emergency Response and Removal

Recertified:

II-::::Ch-111'-----+----+----11Page 1 of 16

SOP No. 4230.7A Page 2 of 16

1.0 PURPOSE

This standard operating procedure (SOP) provides basicguidelines regarding the application and operation of theGeoprobe Model 8A van-mounted hydraulic sampling device which canbe used as an investigative technique in evaluating subsurfaceconditions at potential hazardous waste sites.

2.0 APPLICATION

The guidance and procedures contained in this SOP areintended to be used by all personnel utilizing the Geoprobe as asite assessment tool.

3.0 BACKGROUND INFORMATION

The Geoprobe was designed to allow a convenient, costeffective, and safe method for conducting soil-gas surveys (alsosee SOP 2230.5, Soil Gas Investigations), and for collectingsubsurface samples from the soil and water matrices. Thehydraulic unit with percussion hammer is capable of exerting15,000 pounds of downward force; the weight of the vehiclecontributes to the majority of the force.

The Geoprobe unit is equipped with specialized tools; eachis best suited for use in certain types of physical settings andsubsurface conditions. In addition, the specialized equipmentdetermines the effective investigative depth. It is, therefore,imperative that the soil conditions and stratigraphy beneath thesite be thoroughly researched before use of. the Geoprobe toassure that it is the most effective investigative technique.

The specialized equipment items and their correspondingprimary applications and working depths are briefly outlinedbelow.

a. Mill Slot Well Points: Best suited for sandyconditions, and particularly applicable in alluvial floodplain;very poor performance in clays. Due to physical properties ofgravity, groundwater collection with a vacuum pump is limited to30 to 32 feet. For depths greater than 32 feet, bladder or othertypes of pumps are required.

b. Shelby Tubes: Best performance in silt/clay; poorresults in sand, and ineffective in gravelly conditions. Maximumdepth of six feet.

c. Soil-Gas: Best performance in sand/silt; poor resultsin clay soils. Ideal subsurface conditions will provideeffective investigative depth of up to 60 feet.

,SOP No. 4230.7A Page 3 of 16

d.discreterecoverystandardprobe.

Large Bore/Standard Bore Soil Samplers: Recoverssoil samples from most consolidated materials. Sampledepth for the large bore sampler i~ 15 feet. Thebore sampler can sample to the working depth of the

e. Groundwater Screen Sampler: Free drainage watersampler for use with vacuum systems, bailers or similar aids.The sample screen remains sealed until sample depth is reached .

. Tubing is attached directly to the sampling screen by insertionof the tubing down the interior of the probe pipe.

4.0 EQUIPMENT

4.1 PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION

The Geoprobe unit is a hydraulically powered hammer/ramsampling device. The van-mounted unit is designed so that theweight of the vehicle provides the majority of downward force.The hydraulics, with the aid of a percussion hammer and theweight of the vehicle, push 3-foot lengths of a speciallymodified 1/2-inch ID, 1-inch OD, hardened steel rod into theground. The rod is advanced to depth by adding 3-foot lengths ofrod until the desired sampling depth is achieved. The steel rodhas been specially modified for specific types of samplecollection. A carbide-tipped drill bit also is available, andallows penetration of up to 15 inches of concrete.

4.2 MAJOR COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES

The complete Geoprobe unit has the following primarycomponents. Some of these components are illustrated inAttachment 1, which is a figure that was extracted from theGeoprobe Operations Manual.

• One utility vehicle (cargo van or pickup) with theGeoprobe model 8A mounted in back

• Hardened steel rod, 3 feet long; 1-inch OD, 1/2 inch ID• Drive caps• Anvil• Expendable point holder• Sampling cap• Pull cap• Expendable drive point• Carbide-tipped drill bit• Sampler sub for use with 2-inch Shelby Tubes• Post run tubing sampling equipment

Specialized sampling equipment is also required. Some ofthese items are illustrated Attachment 2.

Various accessory tools are also required for Geoprobeoperation. These include pipe wrenches in a variety of sizes;standard and Phillips screwdrivers; various sizes and types ofhammers, pliers and vice grips; wire cutters; and electrical andduct tape.

• Water trap• Groundwater screen• Polyethylene tubing - various sizes• Soil-gas sample collection vessel; 125 or 250-ml bulb with

teflon septum, or three-liter evacuated stainless steelsampling canister

• Bailer (teflon, PVC, or stainless steel)• Shelby tube sample extruder• 2.5 feet long Shelby tubes, 2-inch ID• Shelby tube drive cap• Hose clamps• Vacuum gauge• Polyethylene and/or tygon tubing• Standard and large bore soil samplers

SOP No. 4230.-7A-- Page 4 of 16

5.0 GEOPROBE SAFETY

Safe operation of the Geoprobe requires the use of thefollowing safety equipment:

a. Tire blocks should be placed under the front wheels ofthe parked vehicle.

b. Geoprobe personnel should don orange safety vests,hearing protection, steel-toed boots, hard hats, and safetyglasses.

c. The Geoprobe vehicle should be equipped with a firstaid kit.

The buddy system should always be employed during Geoprobeoperations. One person is designated the primary operator, andthe other serves as the assistant operator. The primary operatorcontrols the hydraulics, and the assistant puts together the rodand sampling apparatus.

The Geoprobe manufacturer recommends that the followingsafety precautions be observed during operation of the unit:

• Always set the vehicle parking brake before startingprobing operations.

• If vehicle is parked on a loose or soft surface, do notfully raise rear of vehicle with probe foot, as vehiclemay fall or move, causing injury.

• Operators should wear OSHA-approved, steel-toed shoesand keep feet clear of probe foot.

• Always extend the probe unit out from the vehicle anddeploy the foot to clear vehicle roof line beforefolding the probe unit out.


• Never place hands on top of a rod while it is under themachine.

• Turn off the hydraulic system while changing rods,inserting the hammer anvil, or attaching accessories.

• Operator must stand to the control side of the probemachine, clear of probe foot and mast, while operatingcontrols.

• Wear safety glasses at all times during the operationof this machine.

• Never exert down pressure on the probe rod so as tolift the machine base over six inches off the ground.

• Never exert down pressure on a probe rod so as to liftthe rear tires of the vehicle off the ground.

• Always remove the hammer anvil or other tool from themachine before folding the machine to the horizontalposition.

• The vehicle catalytic converter is hot and may presenta fire hazard when operating over dry grass orcombustibles.

• Geoprobe operators must wear ear protection. OSHAapproved ear protection for sound levels exceeding 85dba is recommended.

• The location of buried or underground utilities andservices must be known before starting to drill orprobe.

• Shut down the hydraulic system and stop the vehicleengine before attempting to clean or service theequipment.

• Accidental engagement of this machine may cause injury.

Local utilities should be located before inserting any rodinto the ground, a task that can be expected to take a half-dayto one day depending on the size of the site and its proximity topopulation centers. Prior coordination with local utility

6.1 SET UP OPERATIONS

6.0 OPERATING PROCEDURES

b. Set the parking brake and check and affirm thatthe Geoprobe is on a level surface.

Page 6 of 16

a. Position the vehicle over the sampling location.If possible, park the vehicle so that it faces downwind to avoidpotential contamination of the sample from the vehicle exhaust.

The basic operating steps for the Geoprobe are detailedbelow. Attachments 3 and 4 are schematic drawings of thehydraulic unit, and the pertinent parts are labeled on thesedrawings. Attachment 5 illustrates the Geoprobe controls.

companies in establishing the exact location of each type ofutility line is critical. Some cities may require that specialsafety precautions be observed while working off roadways, suchas worker signs, flashing lights, or orange pylons. The localmunicipal engineering department generally can provide this typeof information. All work should be conducted in strictaccordance with an approved site-specific safety plan.

SOP Nc 4230.7A

c. Open doors or tailgate to gain access to thehydraulic unit. Secure the doors so that wind or vibration willnot cause then to slam shut.

d. Switch the electrical control to the middleposition; this engages the clutch of the hydraulic system.

e. Push the extend lever down to move the derrick outfrom the vehicle. For best results, extend the derrick as far aspossible.

f. Pull down on the fold lever to raise the derrick.The derrick must be fully extended in order to clear the roof ofthe vehicle.

g. Pull down the foot lever to place the probe footon the ground surface. After the foot is resting on the ground,continue the downward motion of the foot until the rear of thevehicle has been raised approximately 6 inches.

h. Pull down on the probe lever to initiate theupward movement of the probe. Raise the probe to its maximumheight, so that the appropriate sampling device can be insertedbeneath it.

i. Shut off hydraulics by positioning the switch tothe off position. Place the anvil in the anvil holder and secureit with the hammer latch. Turn hydraulics back on.


6.2 SAMPLING PROCEDURES

j. The appropriate sampling device should now beemplaced; e.g., a well point, Shelby tube, or soil-gasconfiguration.

Screw a drive cap into the male end of the well screen pointassembly. Insert a drive point into the opposite end. Insertthe pipe unit into the anvil and push the probe lever down. Pushthe well screen point into the ground until the derrick hasreached the end of its downward stroke. Pull up on the probelever until the derrick reaches its maximum height. Attach a 3foot section of rod to the well point, continue to advance rod,adding additional 3-foot sections until the sampling depth isachieved.

Screen Sampler.6.2.1

At the sampling depth remove the pipe drive cap and attachthe pull cap. Retract the pipe a minimum of 2 feet to allow thewell screen to drop from the bottom pipe section into thegroundwater zone. Remove the pull cap and insert the stainlesssteel extension rods to depth. Push down on the rods to insurethat the well screen has dropped from the bottom pipe. Attachthe post run tubing (PRT) system and water trap as illustrated inAttachment 6. This system is capable of pulling groundwater froma depth of 31 feet.

Turn on the vacuum pump and purge three well volumes, or aminimum of one gallon. Retrieve samples by pumping directly intoa sampling bottle and then transferring the sample to theappropriate container. If samples are to be analyzed forvolatile organic compounds (VOCs), these samples should becollected first.

6.2.2 Large Bore/Standard Bore Soil Sampler.

The large bore and the standard bore samplers are basicallydifferent sizes of the same equipment. The large bore samplercan collect up to 400 ml of soil. The standard sampler cancollect up to 257 ml of soil. The procedure for use isidentical. Both systems utilize a piston rod stop mechanism tocollect a discreet sample.

The large bore sampler is utilized to a depth of 15 feet.The standard bore will collect soil samples to working depths ofthe soil probe. The soil sampler is connected to sections ofprobe pipe and hammered or pushed to sampling depth. At depthextension rods are lowered inside the pipe to remove the pistonrod stop. The extension rods and piston rod stop are removed andthe drive cap reattached. The soil sampler is then pushed orhammered the length of the sampler used. Pipe and sampler are

6.2.3 Shelby Tube Sampling.

then removed from the ground and the soil extracted from the soilsampler using the sample extruder rack and extruder piston.

Subsurface soil samples are collected with 2-inch Shelbytubes. This sampling technique is most effective in a silt orsilt/sand that is free of gravel or pebbles, which will bend thewalls of the Shelby tubes. The sample is retrieved by insertingthe Shelby tube drive head into the Shelby tube, with a drive capconnected to the male end. This configuration is pushed into theground in the same manner as the well point. Three-foot lengthsof steel rod are added to the Shelby tube to th~ sampling depth.When the Shelby tube has been advanced to depth, the system isreversed and the Shelby tubes are withdrawn. The sample iscontained within the Shelby tube. To extract the sample, foldthe derrick to a horizontal position. The Shelby tube extractoris in place and the sample is extruded into a stainless steel oraluminum pan for sampling.

Page 8 of 16SOP No. 4230.7A

6.2.4 Soil-Gas Sampling.

The collection of soil-gas samples is very similar toinserting a well screen point. The only difference is thatinstead of using the well screen point, a PRT expendable pointholder is screwed into the female end of the pipe. An expendablepoint is then inserted into this holder and the pipe unit ispushed into the ground. The pushing motion is accomplished inthe same fashion as inserting the well point.

The probe rod is then pulled up approximately one foot torelease the expendable point. By pulling the probe up, a void isformed from which the vapor sample is collected. The PRT soilgas collection system is then utilized. The PRT adapter isattached to polyethylene tubing which is lowered to depth andscrewed into the PRT expendable point holder. The Geoprobevacuum system is then used to extract soil vapors into acollection vessel. The probe pipe is then removed from theground leaving the expendable point down the hole.

6.2.5 Carbide-Tipped Drill Bit.

This bit is for used to penetrate concrete, asphalt, or anyother hard surface, such as frozen ground. To operate the drillbit, raise the derrick approximately half way so that the drillbit will fit between the ground surface and the hammer latch. Toinsert the drill, pull the hammer latch out and insert the drillbit where the anvil usually is placed. Push the hammer latchback into secure the drill bit. Lower the derrick with the probelever until the drill bit makes contact with the ground. Tobegin drilling, rotate the hammer rotation control to the rightfor drilling rotation. The left counter rotation is used when


"

retracting the drill or for cleaning out the hole. After turningthe rotation lever, push down on the hammer lever, whichinitiates the rotation land a hammering motion. Slowly push downon the probe lever to start the drill into the ground surface.Continue this procedure, taking care not to apply too much downpressure, which may cause the drill to bind up and stop rotating.

After drilling through the hard surface, pull up on theprobe lever to remove the drill bit from the hole. To retrieve asample, simply put the appropriate sampling point the hole.

6.2.6 Decontamination.

Decontamination procedures for the Geoprobe vary dependingon the type of sampling conducted. The equipment needed fordecontamination is detailed below depending on the various typesof sampling.

a. Water Samplers. The mill slot well points, rods andbailers are decontaminated with soap and water to remove dirt,oil or other substances. Follow with a double rinse of deionizedwater. The screen point groundwater sampler must be disassembledbefore being decontaminated in the same manner.

b. Shelby Tubes. Shelby tubes are decontaminated usingthe same process as for the well points.

c. Soil Gas Apparatus. Utilization of the PRT system forsoil gas collection nearly eliminates the need fordecontamination of collection equipment. Due to the soil gasbeing collected at the source point and the system utilizing aseries of O-rings for containment, the only internal part that ischanged between samples is the polyethylene tubing, which isdisposed of. External decontamination will consist of removingany soil adhering to the pipe with a wire or bristle brush.

7.3 SHUT DOWN OPERATIONS

To remove the Geoprobe rod from the hole, attach the pullcap to the top of the rod. Bring the derrick down by pullingdown on the probe lever. When the derrick is at the top of thepull cap, position the hammer latch onto the pull cap. Pull upon the probe lever to extract the rod, unscrewing the 3-foot rodlengths until all of the pipe is removed.

To fold the Geoprobe back into the vehicle, push down on theprobe lever to bring the derrick down until the derrick stops.Pull up on the foot lever to bring the foot off of the ground afew inches. Push up on the fold lever to fold the Geoprobe intothe vehicle. Pull up on the extend lever to slide the Geoprobeinto the vehicle. Pull up on the foot lever to bring the


remainder of the probe into the back of the vehicle. Shut offthe hydraulics, and close the doors (or tailgate) .

Back fill all probe holes with bentonite granules or abentonite/sand mixture to avoid providing a conduit into thesubsurface. Release emergency brake, and move vehicle to nextsampling location.

8.0 SAMPLE CHARACTERIZATION

The pH, specific conductance and temperature of all watersamples should be measured in the field immediately following thecollection of the sample. A variety of field meters have beenmanufactured to meet these needs.

The specific procedures for measuring pH and specificconductance can be found in SOPs 3135.5 and 3141.3, respectively,or in the instruction manual for the specific meter. Themajority of pH/conductivity meters also provide a readout fortemperature. Otherwise, a standard laboratory grade centigradethermometer is inserted into the sample, allowed to setapproximately 3 minutes, and the temperature recorded to thenearest degree centigrade.

ATTACHMENTS1 - Figure 2-1, Primary Equipment2 Figure 2-2, Specialized Sampling Equipment3 Figure 4-1, Schematic of Hydraulic Unit (Front View)4 Figure 4-2, Schematic of Hydraulic Unit (Side View)5 Figure 4-3, Geoprobe Controls6 Figure 4-4, Groundwater Screen Diagram


....- ','.:.:.::: ~'.

-----------------------------------------------r--

PROBE. ROD

SAMPLING CAPEXPENDABLE

POINT HOLDER

·puu..CAP

EXPENDABLEDRIVE POINT

ISAMPLER SUB

HAMMER ANVIL

FIGURE 2-t PRIMARY EQUIPMENT

DRIVE CAP

iiiiiiiiSiiiiii.·£%J1Z2WCARBIDE TIPPED DRILL BIT

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GW-440K Saeen Point Sampler.

Soil Sampling System

FIGURE 2-2: SPECIALIZED SAMPLING EQUIPMENT

Typical ApplicationsRelrleYal of Discrete Soli Sample'.l Deptlt U.lng Driven Probe.

\\

Mini-Bailer

SOP No. 4230.7A

SOP No. 4230.7APage 13 of 16

DERRICKASSEMBLY

r-"--to

r--- PROBE SHIELD

GREASE ZIRCS(2 ON EACH SIOEl - - - - to- HAMMER

CONTROL PANEL

r-----.....-/~: /PILOT LIGHT

~J -1V: ~ELECTRICAl. CONTROL

e 8.ii§!! ...~ (:3 POSITION)ee

'OERRICK SLiDE

/HAMMER ROTATION CONTROL

oo

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...

HANNER '.LATCH~

~~=:;::;JrOOL RACK

r-__.......I\'-__---,I --n1

!-""It-+-- PROBE CYLiNOER SHAFT

PROBE FOOT

FIGURE 4-t SCHEMATIC OF HYDRAULIC UNIT (FRONT VIEW)

SOP No.

/

4230.7A Page 14 of 16

DERRICK ASSEMBLYI ....... I

EXTENSION CYLINDER

PROBEFOOT

FIGURE 4-2: SCHEMATIC OF HYDRAULIC UNIT (SIDE VIEW)

HAMMER


PROBE

tf PUSH DOVN ON THIS CONTROLTO PUSH PROBES IN THEGROUND, PULL UP ON THISCONTROL TO PULL PROBES OUT.

HAMMER DOVNVARD HOVEKENT OF THIS

- I- CONTROL ACTIVATES HAMMER.UPVARD POSITION OF THELEVER IS NOT USED.

FOOT

.LDOVNVARD HOVEMENT IN LEVERHOVES DERRICK ASSEMBLY DOVN

-- \lITH RESPECT TO VEHICLE.UPVARD STROKE LIFTS DERRICKASSEMBLY.

EXTEND PUSH THIS CONTROL DOVN TO- .. HOVE DERRICK OUT FROMVEHICLE. PULL LEVER UP TOMOVE UNIT IN TO VEHICLE.

FOLD

,. PULL DOVN ON THIS LEVER TO. UNFOLD UNIT. PUSH UP TO

FOLD UNIT BACK IN.

~ONTROL PANEL

r--+-++-+~/---,/-~PILOT UGHTr- 0'-: Ie~.

;::. 0 W ELECTRICAL CONTROL-I- 0 0 (;l 1'- ;.. (3 POSITION)

t!t·~t(l)

UP POSITION: HIGH THROTTLE\lITH HYDRAULIC SYSTEMCLUTCH ENGAGED.

HIDDLE POSITION: HYDRAULICSYSTEM CLUTCH ENGAGED.

,\.,

oo

~DERRICK SUDE

DOVN POSITION: SYSTEM OFF.

FIGURE 4-8: GEOPROBE CONTROLS

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423.0.7A

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POLYETHYLENETUBING

SOP No.

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WATER TABLE

Stainless Steel Well Screen

FQURE4-~ GROUND WATER SCREEN DXAGRAK

EPA Region 7 Standard Operating Procedure No. 4230.10A

Drinking Water Sample Collection May 22, 1990

\


NO. 4230. lOA

DRINKING WATER SAMPLE COLLECTION

MAY 22, 1990

DateJUN

ng and

APPROVED: ,... t.. ~~chi f, Environmen 1 S

Support Branch

Chief, Environmental MOnltoring andcompliance Branch

Date

Chief, Date

Officer Date

Page 1 of 4 .

SOP NO. 4230.10A Page 2 of 4

A. PURPOSE

The purpose of this Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is toestablish uniform procedures for the collection of drinking watersamples, either treated or untreated.

B. APPLICATION

The procedures outlined in this SOP are applicable to allpersonnel of the Environmental Services Division who collectdrinking water samples in support of Region VII programs.

C. GENERAL GUIDELINES

When sampling drinking water supplies, utmost care must betaken to insure that the samples are representative of the watersupply being sampled. This is particularly important not onlyfrom a technical standpoint, but due to the potential politicaland civil implications. If incorrect or inaccurate results dueto improper sampling techniques are released to the generalpUblic, it would be extremely difficult to change public opinionwhen correct or accurate results are reported. It is extremelyimportant to keep this in mind when sampling public drinkingwater supplies.

D. SELECTION OF S~PLING LOCATION

1. The overall objectives of the investigation or studywill provide guidance as to general sampling locations. However,the selection of the specific sampling site will, in many cases,have to be selected by the sampler.

2. If the sampling locations have been established as aresult of previous studies, the same sampling locations should beutilized provided they meet the needs of the study objectives.

3. Raw water samples should be collected at a point priorto any treatment of the water.

4. Finished water samples should be collected at a pointfollowing all treatment of the water or from the distributionsystem, dependent upon the study objectives.

a) In most cases, the finished water can be sampled atthe water treatment plant, either from a tap in the main line tothe distribution system or from a cold water faucet within theplant that receives water from the main line to the distributionsystem.


b) Samples of the finished water may be collected inthe distribution system at private residences, municipalbuildings, public use buildings, and commercial buildings. Inmost cases, industrial facilities should be avoided due to thepotential of contaminating the samples. The specific site forcollecting samples should take into consideration the detentiontime in the system if time-dependent parameters (i.e., those thatform or may be affected over a period of time due to chlorination) are being studied.

5. Only cold water taps or faucets should be selected forsample collection. They should be supplied with water via aservice line connected directly to a water main in the segment ofthe distribution network of interest. The tap or faucet shouldnot be separated from the segment of interest by a storage tank,water softener, or water heater.

a) The tap must be protected from exterior contamination associated with being too close to a sink bottom or to theground. contamination from the faucet exterior may result duringthe sample collection process, if the sample is not collectedwith some degree of care.

b) Leaking taps that allow water to flow out from,around the stem of the valve handle and down the outside of thefaucet, or that tend to allow water to run up on the outside ofthe faucet, are to be avoided.

c) The aerator, strainer, and hose attachments on thetap must be removed. These devices can harbor a bacterial population or other deposits. Whenever an even stream of water cannot be obtained from a tap after removal of such devices, a moresuitable tap should be sought. Fluctuations in water line pressure may cause sheets of microbial growth or other deposits tobecome dislodged from some pipe sections or faucet connections.

E. TYPE OF SAMPLE

1. Grab samples are normally the only type of samplecollected of potable water.

2. The objectives of a specific study or investigation mayrequire other types of samples to be collected.

F. PARAMETERS TO BE ANALYZED

1. The objectives of the investigation or study willdictate the parameters to be analyzed.

2. Chlorine residual, both free and total, should bedetermined at the time of sample collection when the analysis forchlorinated hydrocarbons is of concern.


G. METHOD OF SAMPLING

1. When samples are collected from wells, the wells must bepurged prior to sample collection. This procedure insures thatthe water in the well field is sampled and not the standing waterin the well itself. As a rule, the well should' be purged aminimum of 30 minutes prior to sampling.

2. When samples are collected out of taps or faucets, thetaps must be allowed to flow for 2 to 3 minutes or for sufficienttime to clear the service line. An even-flowing water stream atmoderate pressure without splashing should be obtained andmaintained during the flushing and sampling process.

3. The samples should be collected directly into the appropriate sample container for the specific parameter, or group ofparameters, to be analyzed. If for some reason an intermediatesample container is required, the selection of the intermediatecontainer should also be appropriate for the parameters to beanalyzed. Use SOP No. 2130.4A, "Sample containers", for guidancein container selection.

4. The preservation of samples should be done according tothe procedures outlined in SOP No. 2130.5A, "Sample Preservationand Holding Times".

EPA Region 7 Standard Operating Procedure 4230.19A

Soil Sampling at Lead-Contaminated Residential Sites July 3, 2007

4230.19A Page I of9


4230.19A

Soil Sampling at Lead-Contaminated Residential Sites

July 3,2007

Ronald E. KingSUPRJEFLR

Date

Date

D!tr!qIfJ/ I 1¢1

7-J5-~ZDate

~Date

1/1 (?/ /01Date

?( '1IDfT.Date

'1 Jl't{n

4230.19A Page 2 of9

Table of Contents

A. Purpose and Applicability.................................................................................. 3

B. Summary of Method 3

C. Definitions.. 3

D. Health and Safety Warnings 4

E. Cautions. 4

F. Interferences '" '" 4

G. Personnel Qualifications : 4

H. Equipment and Supplies '" 4

1. Procedural Steps '" 5

J. Data and Records Management...................... 9

K. Quality Assurance and Quality ControL........................................................... 9

L. References '" 10

4230.19A

A. PURPOSE AND APPLICABILITY

Page 3 of9

The purpose of this Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is to describe the procedures forthe collection of representative surface soil samples at lead-contaminated residential sitesas described in the Superfund Lead-Contaminated Residential Sites Handbook(Handbook, 2003). The sampling depths are specific to investigations for this type of site.Analysis of soil samples may determine whether concentrations of specific pollutants(e.g., lead, barium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, mercury, nickel and zinc) exceedestablished action levels, or if the concentrations of pollutants present a risk to publichealth, welfare, or the environment.

These are standard (i.e., typically applicable) operating procedures which may be variedor changed as required, dependent upon site conditions, equipment limitations orlimitations imposed by the procedure. In all instances, the actual procedures used shouldbe documented and described in an appropriate site report.

Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency (EPA) endorsement or recommendation for use.

B. SUMMARY OF METHOD

Soil samples may be collected using a variety of methods and equipment depending onthe depth of the desired sample, the type of sample required (disturbed vs. undisturbed),and the soil type. Surface soils may be easily sampled using a spade, trowel, and scoop.

The major category of sites where sampling will be performed includes, but is not limitedto active/former lead mining, milling and smelter sites, areas impacted by mining,milling, and smelter activities, mining depositories, transportation routes from mining,milling and smelter sites and the use of mining wastes in public and residential areas.

C. DEFINITIONS

Residential properties: As defined in the Handbook, residential properties are any areaswith high accessibility to sensitive populations, and include properties containing singleand multi-family dwellings, apartment complexes, vacant lots in residential areas,schools, day-care centers, community centers, playgrounds, parks, green ways, and anyother areas where children may be exposed to site-related contaminated media.

X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer: An instrument used to resolve radiation intospectra to determine measurements. Will be used to analyze soils for metalscontamination as described in the Instruction Manual for the XRF spectrometer.

Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model (IEUBK) Predicts blood-leadconcentrations (PbBs) for an individual child, or group of similarly exposed children (sixmonths to seven 7 years old), who are exposed to lead in the environment.

4230.19A

D. HEALTH AND SAFETY WARNINGS

Page 4 of9

Proper health and safety procedures must be observed during the investigation at all times..The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulation for HazardousWaste Operations and Emergency Response (HAZWOPER), specified in 29 CFR1910.l20(b)(4), requires a site-specific Health and Safety Plan (HASP) for each site whereworkers are engaged in handling/operations involving hazardous waste. In compliance withthis regulation, all responding Region 7 personnel and their designated representatives arecovered by a site-specific HASP developed to address the health and safety hazards, physicaland chemical, which may be encountered at eachsite. The HASP also identifies proceduresfor protecting employees while on the site.

E. CAUTIONS

This section is not applicable to this SOP.

F. INTERFERENCES

This section is not applicable to this SOP.

G. PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS

All field personnel are required to take the 40-hour health and safety training course (as per 29CFR 1910.l20(b)(4» and regular refresher courses prior to engaging in any field datacollection activities.

H. EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES

Equipment and supplies used in the field to perform surface soil sampling may includebut are not limited to:

• Maps/plot plan• Safety equipment, as specified in the site-specific Health and Safety Plan• Survey equipment or global positioning system (OPS) to locate sampling

points• Tape measure• Survey stakes or flags• Camera and film• Stainless steel, plastic, or other appropriate homogenization bucket, bowl or

pan• Appropriate size sample containers• Ziplock plastic bags• Logbook• Labels• Chain ofCustody records and custody seals

4230.19A

•••••••••••••••••

•••

Field data sheets and sample labelsDecontamination supplies/equipmentCanvas or plastic sheetSpade or shovelSpatulaScoopPlastic or stainless steel spoonsTrowel(s)Continuous flight (screw) augerBucket augerPost hole augerExtension rodsT-handleSampling trierThin wall tube samplerSplit spoonsVehimeyer soil sampler outfit- Tubes- Points~ Drivehead- Drop hammer- Puller jack and gripShaker sieve #10Shaker sieve (initially 250 micron #60 for risk assessment)X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer

Page 5 of9

1. PROCEDURAL STEPS

Soil screening activities will be conducted in accordance with the guidelines established inthe Handbook.

1. PREPARATION

• Determine the extent of the sampling effort, the sampling methods tobe employed, and the types and amounts of equipment and suppliesrequired. .

• Obtain necessary sampling and monitoring equipment.• Decontaminate or pre-clean equipment, and ensure that it is in working

order.• Prepare schedules and coordinate with staff, client, and regulatory

agencies, if appropriate.• Perform a general site survey prior to site entry in accordance with the site

specific Health and Safety Plan.• Use stakes, flagging, or buoys to identify and mark all sampling locations.

4230.19A Page 6 of9

Specific site factors, including extent and nature of contaminant, shouldbe considered when selecting sample location.

2. SAMPLING STRATEGY

The Handbook provides the sampling strategy when sampling residential properties. Thesampling strategy is specific to the following categories:

• Residential yards;• Drip zones;• Play areas, gardens, and driveways;• Potable water, lead-based paint, and interior dust; and• Backfill and waste soil.

Soil sampling will be conducted in accordance with the guidelines established in theHandbook.

3. SAMPLING METHOD

3.1 Sample Collection

The Handbook describes the sampling depth when sampling residential properties.The following has been taken from this document.

Composite samples should consist of discrete aliquots of equal amounts of soil.The soil from each aliquot should be collected into one clean container, such as astainless steel bowl or plastic bag, and thoroughly mixed. After mixing, thesample can then be analyzed by XRF spectrometer or sent to the laboratory.Remaining sample volume can then be disposed in the general location fromwhere it was collected, or archived, depending on the requirements of the project.In some, cases material other than grass and/or soil will be encountered at asample location, e.g., wood chips and sand are often found in recreation areas ofday-care and school playgrounds. Samples of the soil below the cover materialshould be collected.

Collection of samples from near-surface soil can be accomplished with tools suchas spades, shovels, trowels, spoons, and scoops. Surface material is removed to therequired depth and a stainless steel or plastic scoop is then used to collect thesample.

This method can be used in most soil types but is limited to sampling at or nearthe ground surface. Accurate, representative samples can be collected with thisprocedure depending on the care and precision demonstrated by the sample teammember. A flat, pointed mason trowel to cut a block of the desired soil ishelpful when undisturbed samples are required. Tools plated with chrome or

4230.19A Page 7 of9

other materials should not be used. Plating is particularly common with gardenimplements such as potting trowels.

3.2 Sample Depth

The Handbook describes the sampling depth when sampling residential properties.Collection of samples from specified depth intervals serves two primary purposes:risk assessment and remedial decision-making. The following has been taken fromthis document.

3.2.1 Surface Soil Sampling For Risk Assessment Decision Maldng

With respect to risk assessment, the top inch of soil best represents current exposureto contaminants and is the source ofdata typically used in the IEUBK model torepresent exposure from soil. This sampling should be done at all properties and willbe used to determine whether a property exceeds the cleanup criteria and qualifiesfor response actions.

A five-point composite surface soil samples should be collected from any portionwithin the 0- to I-inch depth interval for human health risk assessment purposes. Thesamples should be collected using the procedure.described in Section 3.1. If ameasuring device is not used to determine the I-inch depth, then the spoon orsampling device should sample the upper portion of the 0- to I-inch interval to avoidgoing below the I-inch depth.

3.2.2 Soil Sampling for Cleanup Decisions

The sampling design discussed below is based on the assumption that a minimum of12-inch soil cover is adequate.

Initial sampling for lead contamination in residential soils should also be conducted toa depth ofat least 18 inches, but does not need to exceed 24 inches to define thevertical extent of contamination for cleanup purposes. Composite samples should be

. collected at 6 inch depth intervals, i.e., 0-6 inches, 6-12 inches, 12-18 inches, and18-24 inches. Additional sampling may be required at lead sites whencontamination is associated with coarse-grained material. Stone-sized material, suchas tailings and crushed battery casings, will, over time, migrate upward through thesoil via freeze/thaw effects. At such sites, composite sampling should be conductedat 6-inch intervals to the approximate maximum frost depth. In all cases, compositesshould consist of a1iquots collected from the same depth interval.

In site-specific situations, deeper sampling may be conducted to determine the totalvertical extent of contamination for groundwater issues or institutional controls (ICs),and to determine if complete removal of contaminated soil is possible. Depthsampling should be conducted until the vertical extent of contamination has beenadequately defined, but does not need to be conducted on every property.

4230.19A

3.3 Sample Preparation

Page 8 of9

The Handbook describes the sampling preparation when sampling residentialproperties. The following has been taken from this document.

Composite samples should consist ofdiscrete aliquots of equal amounts of soil.The soil from each aliquot should be collected into one clean container, such as astainless steel bowl or plastic bag, and thoroughly mixed.

Samples collected from all depth intervals should be dried, sieved with a No. 10sieve (2 mm), and homogenized. Samples should not be ground prior to sieving, asthis changes the physical structure of the soil and may bias the analytical results.

For those soil samples that are collected for risk assessment purposes, the samplewill also be processed through a No. 60 sieve (250 !-lm) to obtain the fine fraction.The EPA Technical Review Workgroup (TRW) and American Society for Testingand Materials (ASTM) have issued guidance on sieving (ASTM, 1998; EPA, 2000).To reduce sampling costs, it may be desirable to develop a correlation betweensieved and unsieved data, to eliminate the need to sieve all samples. The correlationcan be used to predict sieved results from unsieved samples. The EPA TRWguidance addresses appropriate sieve size (No. 60) and a method for predicting theconcentration in the fine tl'action using concentrations measured in unsievedsamples. A portion of each homogenized sample trom each sampling area will bescreened for lead using XRF spectrometer or submitted for laboratory analysis.

3.4 Sample Analysis

The Handbook describes the sampling analysis when sampling residentialproperties. The 4220.03A SOP should also be consulted for decision making forusing the XRF spectrometer.

J. DATA AND RECORDS MANAGEMENT

Documentation Of environmental data collection and analysis procedures (i.e. laboratorydocumentation, field logbook, photo documentation, chain-of-custody) should becompleted and managed using the requirements specified in the Generic QualityAssurance Project Plan for Region 7's Superfund Lead-Contaminated Sites.

K. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY CONTROL

There are no specific quality assurance (QA) activities which apply to the implementationofthese procedures. However, the following QA procedures apply:

1. All data must be documented on field data sheets or within site logbooks.

4230.l9A Page 9 of9

2. The XRF spectrometer is not calibrated. Accuracy checks are performed usingcertified prepared standards daily. Record these accuracy checks in the field logbook.The following information is recorded.

• Equipment identification (name) and control number.• Date of accuracy check.• Activity performed on instrument.• Adjustments made and accuracy ofequipment before and following

accuracy check (where applicable).

• Record of equipment failure.• Identification ofperson performing accuracy.

L. REFERENCES

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 1998. Standard Test Methodfor ParticleSize Analysis ofSoils. D 422-63.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2000. Short Sheet: TRW RecommendationsforSampling and Analysis ofSoil at Lead (Pb) Sites. April. OSWER Publication 9285.7-38. U.S.Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. EPAPublication EPA/540-F-00-OI O. .

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2003. Superfund Lead-Contaminated ResidentialSites Handbook. OSWER 9285.7-50. August. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Office ofEmergency and Remedial Response.

U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). 1995. Guidelinesfor theEvaluation and Control ofLead-Based Paint Hazards in Housing. June.

U.s. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Region 7. 2007. Generic Quality AsswanceProject Planfor Region 7 's Superfund Lead-Contaminated Sites. July.

Prepared for: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 7 901 North 5th Street Kansas City, Kansas 66101

FINAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROJECT PLAN REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION

Washington County Lead District Furnace Creek OU1 and OU2 Sites

Washington County, Missouri

March 2012

EPA Contract No.: EP-S7-05-06 EPA Task Order No.: 0112 and 0113

BVSPC Project No.: 044783 and 044784

Prepared by: Black & Veatch Special Projects Corp. 6601 College Blvd Overland Park, Kansas 66211

ll" BLACK & VEATCH• building aworld of djHeren~e"

ENERGY WATER INfORMATION GOVERNMENT

Final Quality Assurance Project PlanRemedial Investigation

Washington County Lead District - Furnace Creek OU1 and OU2 Sites

EPA Contract No. EP-S7-05-06AES Task Order No. 0112 and 0113

BVSPC Project No. 044783 and 044784

Approvals:

~JJ,~""7""--<__T~dley,BVSPt"Program Manager

Michael Ellis, BVSPC Quality Manager

Steve Kemp, EPA Task Order Project Manager

Diane Harris, Regional QA Manager

Date I

Date

Date

Washington County – Furnace Creek OU1 & OU2 Sites TC-1 044783 RI QAPP 3/19/2012

Contents

Acronymns and Abbreviations ............................................................................................ i

A. PROJECT MANAGEMENT ...................................................................................... 1 A1 Distribution List ............................................................................................................................... 1 A2 Project/Task Organization ............................................................................................................... 1

A3 Problem Definition and Background Information ........................................................................... 4 A3.1 Background Information ......................................................................................................... 4 A3.2 Investigation Objectives ......................................................................................................... 6

A4 Project/Task Description................................................................................................................. 7 A4.1 Investigation Activities ........................................................................................................... 7

A4.1.1 Residential Property Subsurface Soil Sampling ............................................................ 7 A4.1.2 Residential Property Surface Soil Sampling ................................................................. 9 A4.1.3 Potable Water Sampling at Residential Properties .......................................................10

A4.2 Work to be Performed ...........................................................................................................11 A5 Quality Objectives and Criteria for Measurement Data .................................................................12

A5.1 Step 1. State the Problem .......................................................................................................13 A5.2 Step 2. Identify the Decision .................................................................................................14 A5.3 Step 3. Identify Inputs to the Decision..................................................................................14 A5.4 Step 4. Define the Study Boundaries ....................................................................................15 A5.5 Step 5. Develop a Decision Rule ..........................................................................................15 A5.6 Step 6. Specify Limits on Decision Errors ............................................................................15 A5.7 Step 7. Optimize the Design for Obtaining Results ..............................................................16

A6 Training Requirements ...................................................................................................................16 A7 Documentation and Records ...........................................................................................................17

A7.1 Information Required.............................................................................................................17 A7.1.1 Field Logbook for Sampling Activities ........................................................................17 A7.1.2 Laboratory Records ......................................................................................................18 A7.1.3 Data Validation Records ..............................................................................................18

A7.2 Corrections to Documentation ...............................................................................................18 A7.3 Document Control .................................................................................................................19 A7.4 Project Files ...........................................................................................................................19

B. DATA GENERATION AND ACQUISITION ........................................................ 20 B1 Sampling Process Design ................................................................................................................20 B2 Sampling Methods Requirements ....................................................................................................20

B2.1 Sampling Procedures .............................................................................................................20 B2.2 Description of Decontamination Procedures for Sampling Equipment .................................20 B2.3 Sample Methods, Containers, Preservation, and Maximum Holding Times .........................22 B2.4 Investigation-Derived Wastes (IDW) ....................................................................................23

B3 Sample Custody and Handling Requirements .................................................................................23 B3.1 Sample Custody .....................................................................................................................23

B3.1.1 Chain-of-Custody Record ............................................................................................23 B3.1.2 Custody Seals ...............................................................................................................23 B3.1.3 Sample Receipt Form ...................................................................................................24

B3.2 Sample Handling ...................................................................................................................24

Washington County – Furnace Creek OU1 & OU2 Sites TC-2 044783 RI QAPP 3/19/2012

B4 Analytical Methods and Method Detection Limits ..........................................................................25 B4.1 Corrective Action ..................................................................................................................25

B5 Quality Assurance/Quality Control Samples...................................................................................25 B5.1 Field Quality Control Samples ..............................................................................................25 B5.2 Laboratory Quality Control Samples ....................................................................................26

B6 Instrument/Equipment Testing, Inspection, and Maintenance Requirements .................................28 B6.1 Field Equipment Maintenance ...............................................................................................28 B6.2 Laboratory Preventive Maintenance ......................................................................................28

B7 Instrument Calibration and Frequency ...........................................................................................28 B7.1 Field Instruments ...................................................................................................................28 B7.2 Laboratory Instruments .........................................................................................................28

B8 Inspection/Acceptance Requirements for Supplies and Consumables ............................................29 B9 Data Acquisition Requirements for Non-direct Measurement ........................................................29 B10 Data Management ...........................................................................................................................29

C. ASSESSMENT ......................................................................................................... 30 C1 Assessment and Response Actions ..................................................................................................30

C1.1 Field Sampling Activities Oversight ......................................................................................30 C1.2 Corrective Action Procedures ................................................................................................30

C2 Reports to Management .................................................................................................................30

D. DATA VALIDATION AND USABILITY ................................................................ 32 D1 Data Review, Validation, and Reduction ........................................................................................32 D2 Validation and Verification Methods ..............................................................................................32 D3 Reconciliation with User Requirements ..........................................................................................33

E. BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................... 34

Figures

Figure 1 Project Organization Chart ..................................................................................2 Table 1 RI Sampling Summary .......................................................................................21 Table 2 Sample Methods, Containers, Preservation, and Maximum Holding Times .....22

Attachment A – QC Tables

Table A-1 Summary of Field and Quality Control Samples Table A-2 Required Quality Control and Recommended Corrective Action

Washington County – Furnace Creek OU1 & OU2 Sites i 44783 RI QAPP 3/19/2012

Abbreviations and Acronyms AES Architect/Engineering Services ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials bgs Below Ground Surface BVSPC Black & Veatch Special Projects Corp. CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability

Act CLP Contract Laboratory Program CFR Code of Federal Regulation DPT Direct Push Technology DQOs Data Quality Objectives EBL Elevated Blood Lead EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FSP Field Sampling Plan g Gram ICP-AES Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy ICP-MS Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry IDW Investigation-Derived Waste IEUBK Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model IVBA In Vitro Bioaccessibility LCS Laboratory Control Sample Mg/kg Milligrams per Kilograms MCL Maximum Contaminant Level MDL Method Detection Limit MS Matrix Spike MSD Matrix Spike Duplicate μg/dl Micrograms per Deciliter μg/L Micrograms per Liter μm Micron mm Millimeter NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology NPL National Priorities List OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration OU1 Operable Unit 1 OU2 Operable Unit 2 PA/SI Preliminary Assessment/Site Inspection ppm Parts per Million

Washington County – Furnace Creek OU1 & OU2 Sites ii 44783 RI QAPP 3/19/2012

PRG Preliminary Remediation Goal QA Quality Assurance QAPP Quality Assurance Project Plan QC Quality Control RBA Relative Bioavailability RI/FS Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study ROD Record of Decision RPD relative percent difference RQAM Regional Quality Assurance Manager RSE Removal Site Evaluation SL Screening Level SSC Site Safety Coordinator SOPs Standard Operating Procedures SOW Statement of Work SRM Standard Reference Material START Superfund Technical Assessment and Response Team TAL Target Analyte List TOPO Task Order Project Manager USDOT U.S. Department of Transportation XRF X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Washington County – Furnace Creek OU1 & OU2 Sites 1 44783 RI QAPP 3/19/2012

A. PROJECT MANAGEMENT

This quality assurance project plan (QAPP) was prepared for the Washington County Lead District - Furnace Creek National Priorities List (NPL) Site in Washington County, Missouri, and is submitted as documentation of the protocols and procedures to be followed during collection of environmental samples at the Site. The specific requirements for development of an approved QAPP are outlined in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) statement of work (SOW) for the remedial investigation (RI) for operable unit number 1 (OU1) and operable unit number 2 (OU2) at the Furnace Creek Site. This Site-specific QAPP was developed in accordance with EPA Requirements for Quality Assurance Project Plans for Environmental Data Operations (EPA QA/R-5).

A1 Distribution List

Distribution of this approved QAPP will be as follows:

EPA Region 7: Steve Kemp, EPA Region 7, TOPO Diane Harris, EPA Region 7 Regional QA Manager (RQAM)

AES Contractor: Dave Sanders, Architect/Engineer Services (AES) Site

Manager, Black & Veatch Special Projects Corp. (BVSPC)

A2 Project/Task Organization

The QAPP organization chart shown on Figure 1, indicates the typical lines of authority, reporting, and communications that exist between the key elements of the EPA, BVSPC, and supporting staff (subcontractors). This organization is intended to facilitate the efficient and independent review of quality work and allow for the resolution of any quality assurance (QA) problems. Specific responsibilities of the project personnel are discussed in the following text.

• EPA Contracting Officer and BVSPC Program Manager The responsibilities of the EPA contracting officer, Anthony LaMaster, and the BVSPC program manager, Todd Dudley under this QAPP include ensuring the following: - All work performed under this QAPP is in compliance with EPA Scope of

Services for the project. - Program budget proposals include provisions to comply with environmental

protection requirements. - Management includes adequate environmental resources for assigned

functions in budget proposals. - Appropriate environmental requirements are included in program plans.


EPA TOPO S. Kemp

EPA Contracting Officer A. LaMaster

EPA Project Officer J. Seiler

Regional QA Manager D. Harris

BVSPC Site Manager D. Sanders

BVSPC Program Manager T. Dudley

Site Supervisor

To be Determined

Technical Support Clerical Support

Figure 1 Project Organization Chart Furnace Creek OU1/OU2 RI

Subcontractors: Professional Environmental Engineers, Inc. (Team Sub)

BVSPC Quality Manager M. Ellis

BVSPC H&S Manager S. Pizzi


• EPA Task Order Project Officer

The responsibilities for the EPA Task Order Project Officer (TOPO), Steve Kemp, for monitoring activities under this QAPP include the following: - Ensuring that the project is carried out consistent with established

environmental quality standards, guidelines, and objectives. - Ensuring that appropriate environmental requirements are included in the

project plans. - Curtailing or suspending any operation that poses a clear and present danger

to members of the public or the environment. - Resolving any QA problems identified by the BVSPC QA manager or EPA

QA Coordinator involving environmental investigation activities. - Acting as liaison with the appropriate federal, state, and local environmental

officials. - Establishing and maintaining liaison and cooperative programs with

appropriate federal, regional, state, and local environmental officials to facilitate effective environmental management.

• EPA Regional QA Manager

The responsibilities of the EPA RQAM, Diane Harris, include the following: - Reviewing this QAPP to ensure its compliance with all applicable EPA

standard operating procedures (SOPs). - Reviewing other project plans to ensure their compliance with this QAPP. - Initiating QA assessment and auditing activities and ensuring that

out-of-compliance issues are resolved in accordance with this QAPP. - Maintaining EPA’s QA documents in the manner specified in this QAPP.

• BVSPC Quality Manager

The responsibilities of the BVSPC Quality Manager, Michael Ellis include the following: - Reviewing other project plans to ensure their compliance with this QAPP. - Initiating QA assessment and auditing activities and ensuring that

out-of-compliance issues are resolved in accordance with this QAPP. - Maintaining the QA documents in the manner specified in this QAPP.

• BVSPC AES Site Manager General environmental responsibilities for the AES Site Manager, David Sanders, include the following: - Abiding by and ensuring the requirements of this QAPP are implemented by

personnel under their authority. - Ensuring that personnel under their authority attend the training required

under this QAPP.


- Implementing environmental investigation activities and QA procedures, such as sampling activities, according to this QAPP, using BVSPC and subcontractor personnel and resources.

- Providing QA oversight of environmental investigation activities for BVSPC project personnel according to this QAPP.

- Ensuring that appropriate environmental requirements are included in this QAPP and the other project plans.

- Curtailing or suspending any operation that poses a clear and present danger to members of the public or the environment.

- Resolving any QA problems identified by the BVSPC QA manager involving environmental investigation activities.

- Developing and implementing programs that direct subcontractors to execute investigation activities and providing oversight, confirmation, and independent verification of those subcontractor programs where deemed appropriate.

- Implementing the QAPP for all investigation activities described in this plan. - Identifying and resolving QA problems and deficiencies that occur during the

investigation activities described within this plan. - Providing QA requirements in this QAPP to the subcontractors and

overseeing the subcontractors performing analysis and data validation activities to ensure the quality of the investigation activities.

• BVSPC Project Team

The general responsibilities for the project team include the following: - Reviewing and understanding this QAPP. - Following the provisions of the QAPP when implementing environmental

investigation activities and QA procedures. - Attending the training required by this QAPP and following the guidelines

and procedures presented in the training.

• Subcontractors All field subcontractors (i.e., field sampling subcontractors) will report directly to the BVSPC Site manager. Under this QAPP, all subcontractors' responsibilities include the following: - Reviewing the requirements and QA procedures specified in this QAPP. - Following the provisions of the QAPP when implementing activities and QA

procedures.

A3 Problem Definition and Background Information

A3.1 Background Information

The EPA has initiated remedial investigation/feasibility Study (RI/FS) efforts at the Washington County Lead District Furnace Creek Site OUs 1 and 2 near Caledonia,


Missouri. The RI/FS process is the methodology that the Superfund program has established for investigating risks posed by uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. EPA previously conducted removal actions at the Furnace Creek Site in 2008 through 2010. The removal actions included collection of surface soil and groundwater samples from residential properties and are summarized below. Additional data is required to supplement the data collected during the removal actions and prepare the RI/FS reports.

Tetra Tech, under a contract with the EPA, performed a Removal Site Evaluation (RSE) from May 2008 to January 2009 to collect residential soil and groundwater data to define the extent of metals contamination. Approximately 2,250 residential properties were identified within the site boundaries and soil samples were collected from 428 of these properties (Tetra Tech EM, 2009). Soil sampling was conducted in accordance with the guidelines established in the Superfund Lead-Contaminated Residential Sites Handbook (EPA 2003).

Of the 428 total properties tested for metals contamination (primarily lead) in soil,

283 properties (66 percent) contained lead at concentrations below the EPA screening level (SL) of 400 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg), 112 residences (26 percent) contained lead between 400 and 1,200 mg/kg outside the drip zone, and 33 residences (8 percent) contained lead above 1,200 mg/kg outside the drip zone (Tetra Tech EM, 2009). These data are based on the highest average X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF) reading for lead within the area screened at each residential property.

Tetra Tech collected groundwater samples from 303 privately owned drinking water

wells for the RSE. Three samples contained lead at concentrations above the regulatory action level of 15 micrograms per liter (ug/L). The concentrations of lead ranged from 17.7 to 82.2 ug/L in these samples.

In December 2008, Tetra Tech randomly selected 30 residential properties from the

145 properties with average lead concentrations above 400 mg/kg outside of the drip zone. At each property, a sample was collected from the quadrant with the highest average lead concentration and submitted to the EPA Region 7 laboratory for analysis of In-Vitro bioaccessibility and total lead in the fine fraction (sieved with a number 60 mesh sieve).

Tetra Tech conducted a removal action at the Site from June 2009 through October

2010. During the removal action, 1,081 properties were sampled for metals contamination (primarily lead) in soil, bringing the total number of properties sampled to 1,509. Of this total, 1,049 properties (70 percent) contained lead at concentrations below the site-specific preliminary remediation goal (PRG) of 430 mg/kg, 292 residences (19 percent) contained lead between 430 and 1,200 mg/kg outside the drip zone, and 168 residences (11 percent) contained lead above 1,200 mg/kg outside the drip zone. These data are based on the highest average XRF reading for lead within the area screened at each residential property. Tetra Tech also collected groundwater samples from an additional 763 privately owned drinking water wells during the removal action, which


brought the total number of private wells sampled to 1,066. Purged samples from 17 private wells contained total lead at concentrations ranging from 15 to 78.3 ug/L, which equaled or exceeded the action level of 15 ug/L. The private wells were resampled and only six of the wells contained lead concentrations above the 15 ug/L action level (Tetra Tech, EM 2010a).

The removal action database received from EPA indicated that there are 242

properties that contain lead concentrations in the driveways between 400 mg/kg and 1,200 mg/kg. Of these properties, 124 properties contained lead concentrations between 400 to 600 mg/kg, 58 properties contained lead concentrations between 600 to 800 mg/kg, 28 properties contained lead concentrations between 800 to 1,000 mg/kg, and 32 properties contained lead concentrations between 1,000 to 1,200 mg/kg. These data indicate that aggregate containing lead was used as gravel on the driveways of residential properties.

The EPA maintains a web site information containing information concerning the

Furnace Creek site at http://www.epaosc.org/site/site_profile.aspx?site_id=4142. According to the web site, as of January 17, 2011, 1,512 properties have been screened for lead contamination with 1,050 properties having lead concentrations below 430 mg/kg, 293 properties having a lead concentration between 430 mg/kg to 1,200 mg/kg, and 169 properties having a lead concentration above 1,200 mg/kg. There have been 1,156 potable water wells sampled.

A3.2 Investigation Objectives

As indicated in Section A3.1 of this QAPP, substantial data has previously been collected at the Furnace Creek Site. This data will be used to prepare the RI/FS for OUs 1 and 2. However, additional data is needed to supplement the existing data and complete the RI/FS.

The objectives of the sampling efforts included in this QAPP are to obtain additional

data that will be used with existing data to:

• Characterize the nature and extent of contamination attributable to aggregate and mine waste used as fill in driveways, play areas, and gardens.

• Determine whether the observed groundwater contamination is attributable to naturally occurring lead, lead contamination migrating from placement of lead contaminated fill or aggregate, or lead that is attributable to well construction or plumbing.

• Support the development of remedial actions. • Support the development of a Baseline Human Health Risk Assessment

(BHHRA).

http://www.epaosc.org/site/site_profile.aspx?site_id=4142�


A tool used in the risk assessment process is the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model (IEUBK). The IEUBK is used for predicting risks from lead to children and incorporates a lead bioavailability factor which describes the potential for lead in soil to be absorbed through the ingestion pathway.

The IEUBK model also utilizes lead concentrations in potable water and soil to

estimate blood lead levels in children. This data is important because potable water and soil are sources of lead that children are exposed to at residences.

The scope of the RI field investigation activities that are addressed by this QAPP

includes the following: • Collection of potable water samples from 100 residential wells where subsurface

soil samples will be collected from residential driveways. • Collection of potable water samples from 17 properties where previous sampling

indicated that the EPA MCL for lead was exceeded. • Collection of subsurface soil samples from the unpaved driveways of 100

residential properties that were previously sampled and exhibited lead concentrations between 400 and 1200 mg/kg.

• Collection of surface soil samples from the unpaved driveways of 60 residential properties for analysis of metals and In Vitro bioaccessibility.

Specific investigation objectives associated with each of these sampling activities

are discussed in the following sections.

A4 Project/Task Description

A4.1 Investigation Activities

The purpose of this sampling effort is to collect soil and groundwater samples from residential properties to supplement existing data and support the preparation of the RI/FS, including the BHHRA, at the site. This QAPP presents the data quality objectives for sampling activities that will occur during investigation, along with the sampling and analysis design, rationale, and specific quality assurance and quality control activities needed to achieve those data quality objectives. The following sampling activities will be conducted.

A4.1.1 Residential Property Subsurface Soil Sampling Subsurface soil samples will be collected from the driveways of selected residential

properties. The objectives of the subsurface soil sampling are to collect data to:


• Evaluate whether any lead that may be present in the aggregate that was placed on the driveways is leaching into the groundwater.

• Evaluate whether it will possible to streamline any future remedial action by collecting data that will enable EPA to determine whether there is a correlation between the maximum depth that lead leaches into the soil below the driveways and the lead concentration detected in the aggregate in the driveways. If there is a correlation, it may be possible to predetermine the optimum depth of contaminated material to be excavated rather than removing 6 inch lifts and resampling after each lift is removed.

The subsurface soil samples will be collected from 100 properties identified during the removal assessment that exhibit lead concentrations in the soil greater than 400 mg/kg and less than 1,200 mg/kg. To determine whether there is a correlation between the maximum depth that lead leaches into the soil below the driveways and the lead concentration in the driveways, efforts will be made to collect samples from driveways that will reflect the full range of lead concentrations between 400 mg/kg and 1,200 mg/kg as reported in the removal action report (Tetra Tech EM, 2010a). If possible, a statistically significant percentage of samples (approximately 32 to 33 percent) will be collected from properties with lead concentrations in the following ranges: 400 mg/kg to 600 mg/kg; 600 mg/kg to 800 mg/kg; 800 mg/kg to 1,000 mg/kg and 1,000 mg/kg to 1,200 mg/kg. Four ranges of lead concentrations were selected to evaluate whether the leachability of the lead in the aggregate would vary depending upon the lead concentration in the aggregate.

As indicated in Section A3.1 of this QAPP, there are 124 properties with lead

concentrations in the driveway between 400 mg/kg to 600 mg/kg; 58 properties with lead concentrations in the driveway between 600 mg/kg to 800 mg/kg; 28 properties with lead concentrations in the driveways between 800 mg/kg and 1,000 mg/kg; and 32 properties with lead concentrations between 1,000 mg/kg and 1,200 mg/kg. Consequently, 52 borings would be installed at the 124 properties with lead concentrations in the driveway between 400 mg/kg to 600 mg/kg; 24 borings at properties with lead concentrations in the driveway between 600 mg/kg to 800 mg/kg; 11 borings at properties with lead concentrations in the driveways between 800 mg/kg and 1,000 mg/kg; and 12 borings at properties with lead concentrations between 1,000 mg/kg and 1,200 mg/kg.

The subsurface soil samples will be collected from a location in the unpaved

driveway of each selected residential property. Tables 3-1 through 3-4 contained in the FSP presents the lists of the potential residential properties that will be selected for sampling and the corresponding GPS coordinates.

Direct push technology equipment (DPT) will be used to collect the subsurface soil

samples from each location. Sampling methods and protocols will follow those outlined in EPA Region 7 SOP 4230.7A, Geoprobe Operation, as specified in the FSP. Subsurface soil samples will be collected at 6 inch vertical intervals, beginning at 6 inches below ground surface (bgs) and continuing to a depth of 3 feet bgs. The soil samples will be


collected within polyethylene tubes that will be split open for sample collection. The samples will be sieved and analyzed using an XRF instrument as described in

the FSP. Confirmation soil samples submitted to the EPA laboratory will be analyzed for the following metals using analytical method SW-846 6010: arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, chromium, lead, silver, vanadium, and zinc. Analyses of these metals will be performed by the laboratory because they are likely to be metals of concern for the purpose of preparing the BHHRA and the XRF instrument may either not be able to detect all of these metals or it may not achieve the necessary detection levels.

The laboratory reporting limits for metals and the EPA regional screening limits for

metals in soil are presented in Section B4 of this QAPP. As indicated in Section B4, the reporting limits are below the EPA screening levels with the exception of arsenic. However, the reporting limit of 0.5 mg/kg for arsenic is significantly below the geometric mean background arsenic concentration of 8.7 mg/kg in Missouri soils (Tidball, 1984).

A4.1.2 Residential Property Surface Soil Sampling

Surface soil samples will be collected from 60 driveways and analyzed for In-Vitro bioaccessibility and selected metals. The objective of surface soil sampling is to supplement the data collected by the START contractor (Tetra Tech 2009) in 2008 and obtain additional data for the BHHRA. By data search, field observation and with assistance from site RA data, residential surface soil samples will be collected from 60 of the 100 properties selected for subsurface soil sampling discussed in Section A4.1.1. One composite soil sample will be collected from the 0-1 inch interval of unpaved driveways of 30 properties with lead concentrations between 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg and 30 properties with lead concentrations between 800 mg/kg and 1,200 mg/kg. The 30 properties in each concentration interval will be randomly selected. The aliquots of the composite samples will be collected from the driveway within a 5 foot radius of the geoprobe boring. The 60 samples will be sieved with a 10 mesh sieve and analyzed with an XRF to determine if the lead concentrations are between 400 to 800 mg/kg or 800 mg/kg to 1,200 mg/kg. The 60 samples will be sieved with a 60 mesh sieve and will be submitted to the EPA laboratory for analysis of metals (arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, chromium, lead, silver, vanadium, and zinc) and In-Vitro bioaccessibility. Tables 3-1 through 3-4 in the FSP present the list of potential residential properties where the samples will be collected and the corresponding GPS coordinates.

EPA does not have an SOP for collecting soil samples for In-Vitro bioaccessibility

analysis. Except as specified in the FSP, the samples will be collected using EPA Region 7 SOP 4230.19A, Soil Sampling at Lead-Contaminated Residential Sites. The SOP is presented in Appendix B of the FSP.

Soil samples submitted to the EPA laboratory will be analyzed for the following

metals using analytical method SW-846 6010: arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, copper,


chromium, lead, silver, vanadium, and zinc. Analyses of these metals will be performed by the laboratory because they are likely to be metals of concern for the purpose of preparing the BHHRA and the XRF instrument may not be able to detect all of these metals or it may not achieve the necessary detection levels.

A4.1.3 Potable Water Sampling at Residential Properties

Potable water samples will be collected from a total of 112 properties that were sampled during the previous removal action. The objective of the potable water sampling is to assess the potential for temporal variability of the metal concentrations in the wells. In addition, information concerning the well construction and the indoor plumbing will be obtained for the 17 properties where previous sampling by Tetra Tech indicated that the potable water contained lead concentrations that exceeded the EPA MCL. This information will be used to determine whether the observed groundwater contamination is attributable to naturally occurring lead, lead contamination migrating from placement of lead contaminated fill or aggregate, or lead that is attributable to well construction or plumbing.

Potable water samples will be collected at the each of the 100 residential properties

where soil sampling is conducted and the 17 properties where previous sampling by Tetra Tech indicated that the potable water contained lead concentrations that exceeded the EPA MCL. Five of these 17 properties (IDs 227, 678, 1134, 1137, and 1560) contained lead concentrations in the driveway that were above 400 ug/kg and will be included as part of the properties where soil sampling is conducted. The remaining twelve properties (IDs 11, 12, 565, 636, 642, 776, 788, 1125, 1287, 1353, 1391, and 1485) contained soil lead concentrations in the driveway less than 400 mg/kg, but potable water sampling will still be conducted at these properties. The 17 properties that were previously sampled are presented in Table 3-5 in the FSP. Except as indicated below, sampling methods and protocols will follow those outlined in EPA Region 7 SOP 4230.10A, Drinking Water Sample Collection, in Appendix B of the FSP.

For those properties where the lead concentration in the potable water has not

previously exceeded the EPA MCL, one (1) sample will be collected from the well head or an outside faucet. If there is no sample tap at the well head or outside faucet, then the water sample will be collected from an inside faucet. The water will be allowed to purge for at least 15 minutes prior to sample collection. A purging time of 15 minutes was selected because that was the purging time used by Tetra Tech (Tetra Tech, EM 2009).

A hose will be connected to the faucet and the water will be purged away from the

foundation of the residence or well. The hose will be disconnected after the purge period and the sample will be collected from the faucet and not the hose. A single one liter cubitainer of water will be collected, preserved with one milliliter of nitric acid, and then placed on ice prior to delivery to the EPA laboratory for analysis of total metals.


Potable well water samples submitted to the EPA laboratory will be analyzed for selected total metals which include arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, chromium, lead, silver, vanadium, and zinc. Analyses of these metals will be performed by the laboratory because they are likely metals of concern for the purpose of preparing the BHHRA.

For the 17 properties where lead concentrations have previously exceeded the EPA

MCL, two (2) water samples will be collected. The purpose of this sampling is to determine if the plumbing has an influence on the sample results. Two samples will be collected from an inside faucet. In order to collect water samples that may be impacted by the type of plumbing, the first sample will be collected without purging. The second potable water sample will be collected from the same faucet after purging for 15 minutes. For each sample, a one liter cubitainer of water will be collected, preserved with one milliliter of nitric acid, and then placed on ice prior to delivery to the EPA laboratory for analysis of total metals. Potable well water samples submitted to the EPA laboratory will be analyzed for arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, chromium, lead, silver, vanadium, and zinc.

The laboratory reporting limits for the metals and the corresponding EPA MCL,

where it exists, are presented Section B4 of this QAPP. As indicated in Section B4, the reporting limits for the metals are below the EPA MCL.

A4.2 Work to be Performed (1) Measurements

The field work will include the collection of the minimum amount of data necessary to satisfy the objectives of each type of sampling effort. Sampling will be conducted from a range of previously determined residential soil contamination levels. The specific sampling protocols used to collect the samples are detailed in the FSP (BVSPC 2011b). (2) Standards/Criteria

Soil sampling methods and procedures, which are described in the FSP, are based on the EPA Superfund Lead-Contaminated Residential Sites Handbook (EPA 2003), which details how residential properties should be subdivided for sampling purposes. Soil samples will be sieved through a number 10 and/or a number 60 mesh screen prior to analysis with the XRF instrument and shipment to the EPA Region 7 laboratory for metals analysis. Soil confirmation samples will be analyzed using EPA Test Method SW 846-6010.

Potable water samples will be collected from residences as described in Section

A4.1.3. The water samples will be collected using the methods described in the FSP (BVSPC 2011b). Potable water samples will be preserved with 1 mL nitric acid prior to


shipment to the laboratory. Samples will be analyzed using EPA Test Method 200.8 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). (3) Personnel/Equipment Requirements

All personnel performing activities covered by this QAPP shall comply with the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) and EPA regulations regarding worker health and safety. Personnel training requirements are discussed in detail in Part A6. The equipment required to conduct these activities are discussed in Part B7. (4) Assessment Techniques

The EPA Region 7 Laboratory will perform data validation and review of laboratory analytical data. BVSPC will perform quality control (QC) activities (QC confirmation sample collection, etc.). BVSPC will follow environmental sample handling and custody procedures described in Section B3 of this QAPP. (5) Project Schedule

The RI field work will begin in January 2012 and is expected to continue for up to 3 weeks. (6) Documentation

Data collection activities will be documented with the following:

• Field records. • Laboratory records. • Sample analytical records. • Data evaluation memoranda. • Periodic reports of sample results to EPA.

More detailed descriptions of the documentation are provided in Sections A7, B10,

and C2 of this QAPP.

A5 Data Quality Objectives and Criteria for Measurement Data Data Quality Objectives (DQOs) are statements that define the type, quality,

quantity, purpose and use of data to be collected. The design of a study is closely tied to the DQOs, which serve as the basis for important decisions regarding key design features such as the number and location of samples to be collected and the chemical analyses to be performed.

The EPA has collaborated with the Department of Defense and Department of

Energy to develop a Uniform Federal Policy for Quality Assurance Project Plans, and this


project plan has been developed in accordance with that guidance (EPA 2005). In brief, the DQO process follows a seven-step procedure, as follows:

1. State the problem that the study is designed to address. 2. Identify the decisions to be made with the data obtained. 3. Identify the types of data inputs needed to make the decision. 4. Define the spatial and temporal boundaries of the study. 5. Define the decision rule which will be used to make decisions. 6. Define the acceptable limits on decision errors.

7. Optimize the design for obtaining data in an iterative fashion using information and DQOs identified in Steps 1-6.

Following these seven steps helps ensure that the QAPP and FSP is carefully

thought out and that the data collected will provide sufficient information to support the key decisions which must be made. The following sections summarize the application of the DQO process to the design of the sampling plan for the investigation of metal concentrations in the media at the Site.

A5.1 Step 1. State the Problem

Additional soil and potable water data is needed to supplement the existing data and complete the RI/FS. The data will be used to characterize the nature and extent of contamination attributable to aggregate and mine waste used at residential properties; determine whether the observed groundwater contamination is attributable to naturally occurring lead, lead contamination in migrating from placement of lead contaminated fill or aggregate, or lead that is attributable to well construction or plumbing; and support the development of a BHHRA.

DPT borings will be installed in the driveways to collect subsurface soil samples to

determine if the lead in the driveway is migrating to subsurface soil and leaching into the groundwater. In addition, collection of subsurface soil data may streamline future remedial actions by determining whether there is a correlation between the maximum depth that lead leaches into the soil below the driveways and the lead concentration detected in the aggregate in the driveway. If there is a correlation, it may be possible to predetermine the optimum depth of contaminated material to be excavated.

Site specific data on the relative bioavailability of lead in soil is needed for input in

the IEUBK model to reduce uncertainty associated with default assumptions. Surface soil samples will be collected for In Vitro bioaccessibility testing to supplement the data previously collected by Tetra Tech and determine the bioaccessibility of lead in soil.

Lead in potable water is one of the sources of lead that children are exposed to at a

residence. Substantial potable water testing has been conducted at the site by the START contractor. Additional potable water data will be collected to assess the potential for temporal variability of the metal concentrations in the private potable water wells.


A5.2 Step 2. Identify the Decision

The decisions to be made include: • Determine the maximum lead concentration in the soil of a residential property

that protects human health, taking all other sources of lead exposure into account. • Determine whether observed groundwater contamination is attributable to

naturally occurring lead or anthropogenic sources. • Determine whether there are temporal variations in the metal concentrations in the

private potable water wells. • Determine whether there is a correlation between the maximum depth that lead

leaches into the soil below the driveways and the lead concentration detected in the aggregate in the driveway.

A5.3 Step 3. Identify Inputs to the Decision Subsurface Soil Samples

Lead concentrations in the subsurface soil samples will be used to (1) evaluate

whether the lead in driveway aggregate is leaching to groundwater and affecting the groundwater quality and (2) determine whether there is a correlation between the maximum depth that lead leaches into the soil below the driveways and the lead concentration detected in the aggregate in the driveway.

Surface Soil Samples

The existing In-Vitro bioaccessibility data from residential soils along with the additional data obtained from the driveways will be used to generate a site specific relative bioavailability value. The site specific value will be used in the IEUBK model to estimate the uptake of lead from various exposure contributions and support the preparation of the BHHRA.

The potable water samples along with the information obtained about the well construction and the plumbing materials will be used to evaluate whether observed groundwater contamination is attributable to naturally occurring lead or anthropogenic sources and assess whether there are temporal variations in the metal concentrations in the private potable water wells.

Potable Water Samples and Other Information


A5.4 Step 4. Define the Study Boundaries

Spatial Bounds

The spatial boundaries of the investigation are the residential properties located within the current boundary of the Washington County – Furnace Creek Site.

Temporal Bounds

Concentrations of lead in the driveway aggregate are not likely to exhibit seasonal variations. Thus, the time of year that soil samples are collected is not a factor. An objective of this investigation is to determine whether metal concentrations in the potable water wells exhibit temporal variations when compared to the metal concentrations in the samples collected by the START contractor.

A5.5 Step 5. Develop a Decision Rule

Decision rules include (1) if the average concentration of lead in a yard or a part of a yard (e.g., a quadrant) exceeds the risk-based concentration, then soil clean-up actions are needed to protect public health; (2) if observed groundwater contamination is attributable to naturally occurring lead, Section 9604 (a) (3) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) may limit the EPA’s ability to respond to releases; and (3) if there is a correlation between the maximum depth that lead leaches into the soil below the driveways and the lead concentration detected in the aggregate in the driveway, the EPA may predetermine the optimum depth of contaminated material to be excavated in the driveways rather than removing 6 inch lifts of material and resampling after each lift is removed.

A5.6 Step 6. Specify Limits on Decision Errors

Uncertainty in the risk-based action level derives from uncertainty in each of the IEUBK model input terms, as well as uncertainty in the underlying model. In order to limit uncertainty, it is desirable that each input term be as accurate as possible, although very high accuracy in one term has little value when there is high uncertainty in other terms.

For the purposes of determining the concentration of lead in the subsurface soil, the

goal established for this effort is to obtain XRF readings that are within 25 percent of the lead concentrations in the confirmation samples analyzed by the EPA Region 7 laboratory. If this is achieved, it is considered likely that the uncertainty in the concentration of lead in the XRF readings will be relatively small.

For the purposes of determining the metals concentrations in potable water, the goal

established for this effort is to achieve the quality control acceptance criteria specified in


Table A-2 in Appendix A of this QAPP. If this is achieved, it is considered likely that the uncertainty in the metals concentrations in potable water will be a relatively small contributor to the overall uncertainty in decision making process.

A5.7 Step 7. Optimize the Design for Obtaining Results

Stratified Random Design

Collection of approximately equal percentage of soil samples per target lead concentration range helps to ensure that data pairs are spread out across the x-axis rather than tending to be bunched at the low end, which adds increased statistical confidence to the best fit regression line through the data.

Generally, potable water samples will be collected in the same random approach.

Target locations will be coordinated with the soil sampling to ensure that samples are collected from properties with a wide range of soil concentrations. However, 17 properties that previously exceeded the EPA lead MCL will be sampled.

Availability of Properties for Sampling

There should be enough properties to collect the specified number of samples from each of the target concentration groups.

A6 Training Requirements

All BVSPC personnel and subcontractors who will be on-site performing field activities associated with the RI at the Furnace Creek Site must have successfully completed an initial 40-hour hazardous waste operations training course and, thereafter, an annual 8-hour refresher course. The training must comply with OSHA regulations found in 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 1910.120(e).

All personnel must complete a minimum of 3 days on-the-job training under the direct supervision of a qualified site safety coordinator (SSC) or site supervisor before they are qualified to work unsupervised on a hazardous waste site.

Consistent with OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 paragraph (e) (4), individuals, such as the field team leader, serving in a supervisory role require an additional 8 hours of site supervisor training. BVSPC personnel functioning in an SSC capacity must also have at least 6 days of experience at the level of protection expected during field activities which have been and are expected to be modified Level D (normal work clothes; see Health and Safety Plan, BVSPC 2011a).


A7 Documentation and Records

The following subsections describe the required sample documentation and the procedures for completing these documents at the Furnace Creek Site. These documents will be utilized for each environmental sample collected for chemical analysis. Sample documentation will be performed in accordance with EPA’s RENSV SOP 2420.5, "Identification, Documentation, and Tracking of Samples."

The Site Manager is responsible for ensuring that field personnel are using the most current version of the QAPP. Prior to undertaking field sampling activities, the Site Manager will meet the field personnel to discuss and ensure that all personnel understand the requirements of QAPP. Prior to this meeting, the Site Manager will distribute the most current version of the QAPP to all of the field team.

A7.1 Information Required

All procedures and documentation will be reviewed by the BVSPC Site Manager to confirm that the following documentation and sampling procedures identified in this QAPP are followed.

A7.1.1 Field Logbook for Sampling Activities

The most important aspect of documentation is thorough, accurate recordkeeping. All information obtained during the sampling activities will be recorded in a bound logbook with consecutively numbered pages. All entries in logbooks and on sample documentation forms will be made in waterproof ink, and corrections will consist of line-out deletions that are initialed and dated. Directions for completing the field logbook are found in the FSP. Deviations from the FSP due to field conditions, property owner input, etc., will be recorded in the logbook.

The field logbook will provide a means of recording data collection activities

performed. Entries will be described in as much detail as possible so that persons going to the site could reconstruct a particular situation without reliance on memory. A project-specific document number will identify each logbook. The title page of each logbook will contain the name of the person to whom the logbook is assigned, the logbook number, the project name, and the project start and end dates.

Entries into the logbook will contain a variety of information. At the beginning of

each entry, the date, start time, weather, names of all sampling team members present, level of personal protection being used, and the signature of the person making the entry will be entered. Measurements made and samples collected will be recorded.

Samples will be collected following the sampling procedures documented in the FSP

and its addenda. When a sample is collected or a measurement is made, a detailed


description of the location shall be recorded. The equipment used to collect samples will be noted, along with the time of sampling, sample description, depth at which the sample was collected, volume, and number of containers. A sample identification number will be assigned before sample collection. Field duplicate samples, which will receive a separate sample identification number, will be noted under sample description. Equipment employed to make field measurements will be identified along with their calibration dates.

Sampling situations vary widely. No general rules can specify the exact information

that must be entered in a logbook for a particular site. However, the logbook must contain sufficient information so that someone can reconstruct the sampling activity without relying on the collector's memory. The logbooks must be kept in the field team member's possession or in a secure place during the field oversight activities. Following the completion of the project, the logbooks must become a part of the final project file.

A7.1.2 Laboratory Records

The records to be maintained by the EPA Region 7 laboratory will include sample

turnaround times, sample management records, analytical methods, and data handling records for each sample data group. Specific reporting forms will be provided. Records will be maintained in accordance with EPA Region 7 SOP 2410.1.

A7.1.3 Data Validation Records

BVSPC will review the data analyzed using the XRF instrument. Data discrepancies will be noted during the review processes. Decisions to repeat sample collection and analyses may be made by the BVSPC Site Manager based on the extent of the deficiencies and their importance in the overall context of the project.

The records to be maintained by the EPA will include the Approved Analysis

Comments Report and the data sheets for all data received. All data generated for investigations will be computerized in a format organized to

facilitate data review and evaluation. The electronic data set will include data flags in accordance with referenced protocols as well as additional comments from the data review process. Each data set will be incorporated into investigation reports as required.

A7.2 Corrections to Documentation

All original data recorded will be written with waterproof ink. No accountable serialized documents are to be destroyed or thrown away even if they are illegible or contain inaccuracies that require a replacement document.


If an error is made on an accountable document assigned to one individual, that individual must make corrections by making a line through the error and entering the correct information. The erroneous information should not be obliterated. Any subsequent error discovered on an accountable document should be corrected by the person who made the entry, if possible. If necessary, changes may be made by the Site Manager or his designee. All corrections must be initialed and dated.

A7.3 Document Control

The goal of document control is to ensure that all documents are accounted for when the project is completed. The QA manager may schedule audits of project files. The document control audit consists of checking each document submitted for accountability. Written explanations must be included for any unaccounted documents. Documents will be maintained in the project files in accordance with the requirements of the AES contract.

A7.4 Project Files

Once the project has been completed, files will be assembled, organized, and stored as the project file. The BVSPC project team will maintain the project file for 10 years. Upon completion of the AES contract and upon authorization by EPA, all project files will be copied and delivered to EPA for archiving.


B. DATA GENERATION AND ACQUISITION

B1 Sampling Process Design

The RI field work at the Washington County – Furnace Creek Site will consist of conducting the following sampling activities:

• Surface and subsurface soil sampling in contaminated driveways at residential properties.

• Potable water sampling.

A summary of the types of samples that will be collected, along with an estimate of the potential number of samples, is provided in Table 1.

B2 Sampling Methods Requirements

For each major type of sample collection, quality control procedures are described in the following subsections. This section is a guide for the collection of environmental samples by the BVSPC team. The analytical laboratory will provide sample containers and preservatives. Analytical methods, preservation requirements, bottle requirements, and holding times are listed in Table 2.

B2.1 Sampling Procedures

Sampling methods and procedures are described in the FSP (BVSPC 2011b).

B2.2 Description of Decontamination Procedures for Sampling Equipment

Equipment used to collect and prepare samples (trowels, spoons, sieves, etc.) and any other equipment (DPT core sampler, etc.) that comes in contact with soil shall be decontaminated prior to sampling by washing with a soap solution (such as Alconox), rinsing the washed equipment with potable water, and rinsing the equipment with distilled water.


Table 1

RI Sampling Summary Furnace Creek Site

Sample Locations/Media

Number of Locations/ Number of Samples

Analysis Summary Comments

Residential Subsurface Soil

100 properties/ *500 samples

All samples will be analyzed in the field with XRF and 10% sent to the EPA Region 7 Laboratory for metals analysis.

Samples will be collected at 6 inch intervals down to 3 feet below grade starting at the 6-12 inch interval.

Surface Soil Samples

60 locations/ *60 samples

All samples will be sent to EPA Region 7 Laboratory for metals and In-Vitro bioaccessibility analysis.

Surface soil samples will be collected from 0-1 inch within a 5 ft. radius of the soil boring.

Potable Water 95 properties/ *95 samples

Nitric acid preservative to be added by BVSPC after sample collection. All samples will be sent to EPA Region 7 Laboratory for analysis.

Sample will be collected after system has been purged for 15 minutes. Seventeen properties will have 2 samples collected as described below.

Potable Water 17 properties/ *34 samples

Nitric acid preservative to be added by BVSPC after sample collection. All samples will be sent to EPA Region 7 Laboratory for analysis.

One sample will be collected from faucet prior to purging; Second sample will be collected from the same faucet after purging for 15 minutes.

* Primary Samples Only


Table 2

Sampling Methods, Containers, Preservation, and Maximum Holding Times Furnace Creek Site

Parameter Method Container

Requirements Preservative Holding Time

Extraction Analysis Soil – Confirmation Samples - EPA Region 7 Laboratory Analysis

As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ag, V, and Zn

ICP-AES SW846 6010

Submit 2 oz. Whirl Pak® analyzed by

XRF in field. Do not place Whirl-Pac in

glass jar

Ice to 4ºC 180 days 180 days

Surface Soil Samples – EPA Region 7 Laboratory Analysis As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ag, V, and Zn

ICP-AES SW846 6010 1 x 4 oz glass jar Ice to 4ºC 180 days 180 days

Soil – Bioaccessibility – EPA Region 7 Laboratory Analysis* Lead RBLP 1 x 4 oz glass jar Ice to 4ºC 180 days 180 days

Potable Water – EPA Region 7 Laboratory Analysis As, Ba, Cd,

Co, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ag, V, and Zn

Method 200.8 1 – 1 liter

polyethylene cubitainer

1 mL nitric acid &

Ice to 4ºC 180 days 180 days

*The EPA TOPO may recover the unused portion of the samples submitted for bioaccessibility analysis for future analysis such as speciation.

B2.3 Sample Methods, Containers, Preservation, and Maximum Holding Times

Soil samples will be analyzed for arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, chromium, lead, silver, vanadium, and zinc by the EPA Region 7 laboratory using Method ILM05.3 (ICP-AES).

Potable water samples will be analyzed for arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt,

copper, chromium, lead, silver, vanadium, and zinc by the EPA Region 7 laboratory using Method 200.8 (ICP-MS).

Table 2 summarizes the methods of analysis, required sample quantity, preservative,

and holding times required by analytical method.


B2.4 Investigation-Derived Wastes (IDW)

IDW will include unused portions of the sieved soil samples, decontamination fluids, and disposable personal protective equipment and sampling equipment. Detailed IDW disposal procedures are provided in Section 4.0 of the FSP (BVSPC 2011b).

B3 Sample Custody and Handling Requirements

Sample custody procedures are a vital aspect of any environmental sampling event. Each sample or field measurement must be properly documented to facilitate timely, correct, and complete analysis. Additional sample custody procedures are necessary to support the use of data in potential enforcement actions at a Site. The sample chain-of-custody procedure provides the means to identify, track, and monitor each sample from the point of collection through final data reporting. All samples collected will be handled in accordance EPA’s CLP requirements (EPA 2007).

B3.1 Sample Custody

B3.1.1 Chain-of-Custody Record

A chain-of-custody record will be completed for each sample shipment to the off-Site laboratory. Standard laboratory chain-of-custody records will be used. After completion of the chain-of-custody-record, the original and all but one copy will be enclosed in a sealable plastic bag and secured to the inside of the shipping container lid. The last carbon copy of the chain-of-custody record will be kept for the project files. If more than one shipping container is used for a day's shipment, a separate chain-of-custody record will be completed for each shipping container. When returned, the original chain-of-custody record sent to the laboratory will be placed in the final project file.

Shipping containers will be secured, and custody seals will be placed across the container openings as described in Subsection B3.2. As long as the chain-of-custody record is sealed inside the shipping container and the custody seals remain intact, commercial carriers will not be required to sign the chain-of-custody record.

B3.1.2 Custody Seals

Chain-of-custody seals will be used to ensure the integrity of the samples should they remain unattended or when they are relinquished to a delivery service, and until they are opened by the laboratory. All samples will be shipped in an insulated shipping container and each shipping container will be sealed with at least two chain-of-custody seals. The seals will be affixed to each shipping container so that it is necessary to break the seals to open the shipping container.


B3.1.3 Sample Receipt Form

If samples are provided to another party, a receipt for samples form will be completed. After completion of this form, the original copy, which is to be signed, will be retained for the project file, and a copy will be given to the sample recipient.

B3.2 Sample Handling

Sample packaging and shipping procedures are based on EPA guidance and U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) regulations (49 CFR). Samples collected at the Furnace Creek Site will be shipped as non-dangerous goods.

The following general steps will be used for the packaging and shipping of samples:

1) Affix a completed sample label to the sample container and protect it by covering with clear tape.

2) Protect each glass sample container with bubble wrap or foam, taped securely in place as necessary.

3) Tape the shipping container drain closed. 4) Place packing material in bottom of cooler for cushioning as necessary. 5) Place the samples (protected by bubble wrap or foam) into the sample container. 6) Fill the remaining volume of the cooler with packing material as necessary. 7) Fill out and sign the chain-of-custody record and indicate the estimated time the

shipping container will be relinquished to a courier service or when the shipping container will be relinquished directly to the laboratory.

8) Separate the copies of the forms. Seal the original form and all but one copy in a sealable plastic bag and tape it to the inside lid of the shipping container.

9) Secure shipping container by making several revolutions with strapping tape or clear plastic tape on both ends.

10) If shipped by courier, place airbill marked for delivery with laboratory address on shipping container.

11) Affix custody seals over top front and top back corners of the shipping container. Cover seals with clear plastic tape.

12) Notify the EPA laboratory by telephone and provide the following information:

-- Sender’s name and firm (BVSPC). -- Project name (Furnace Creek Site). -- Number and type of samples to be received. -- Date and estimated time of delivery. -- Anticipated sampling schedule (for establishing sample delivery groups at

laboratory).

The laboratory that will perform the analyses is listed below: EPA Region 7 Laboratory C/o Nicole Roblez


300 Minnesota Avenue Kansas City, KS 66101

(913) 551-5130

13) The site supervisor shall maintain a file containing copies of the documentation.

B4 Analytical Methods and Method Detection Limits

All analyses will be performed in accordance with the methods and protocols identified in Table 2 (see above). Standard turnaround time for samples analyzed by the EPA Region 7 Laboratory, including holding time, performing analyses, and reporting results, is 21 working days. The reporting limits for each analytical method are listed below:

Compound CAS # Soil/Solids (mg/kg)

Water (µg/L)

Reporting Limit

EPA Screening Level

Reporting Limit

EPA MCL

Arsenic 7440-38-2 0.5 0.39** 5 10 Barium 7440-39-3 1.0 15,000 10 2,000 Cadmium 7440-43-9 0.1 700 0.5 5 Chromium 7440-47-3 0.5 N/A 5 100 Cobalt 7440-48-4 0.5 23 5 N/A Copper 7440-50-8 0.5 3,100 2 1,300 Lead 7439-92-1 0.3 400 0.5 15 Silver 7440-22-4 0.5 390 1 100* Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.0 390 10 N/A Zinc 7440-66-6 1.0 23,000 10 5,000* * Secondary MCL ** Below soil background concentration

B4.1 Corrective Action

Depending upon the type or severity of the QC problem, additional QC documentation may be required, samples may be reanalyzed, or, if directed by EPA, additional samples may be collected for analysis. If a laboratory QA audit or data review indicates unacceptable data, corrective action will be the responsibility of the EPA Region 7 laboratory.

B5 Quality Assurance/Quality Control Samples

B5.1 Field Quality Control Samples

The quantity and type of QC samples are summarized in Table A-1. Three types of field QC samples will be collected during this investigation and their associated


requirements are as follows:

These samples are submitted by the field sample preparation technician to the laboratory to compare the XRF analysis results with the laboratory analysis. Confirmation samples will be collected at a frequency of 10% of all samples collected (one confirmation sample per 10 primary samples, for each media). Initially the acceptance criteria for confirmation samples will be a Relative Percent Difference (RPD) that does not exceed 25% or, alternatively, an absolute difference that does not exceed 1 x Method Detection Limit (MDL), whichever is the least stringent. The acceptance criteria may be revised after review of the first round of sampling results are available. The equation for determining the RPD is shown below.

Soil Confirmation Samples

)/2]D + D[(100%*)D - D( = RPD

21

21

where

RPD = relative percent difference, D1 and D2 = reported values for the XRF analysis and the laboratory

analysis

The purpose of duplicate samples is to assess laboratory QA/QC. The primary sample and the duplicate sample will be placed in identical containers, preserved in the same manner, and submitted to the USEPA laboratory for the same analysis. The number of duplicate samples to be collected will be approximately 5 percent of the total number of primary samples submitted to the laboratory. The acceptance criteria for field duplicate samples will be a RPD that does not exceed 25%.

Field Duplicates

Equipment blanks are a sample of rinsate produced from rinsing equipment that has been decontaminated after use with 100-120 mLs of analyte-free deionized water. Equipment blanks must be performed at a frequency of 5% of all decontaminations performed (1 rinsate per 20 borings installed) on each type of equipment. Concentrations of target analytes greater than 1 x MDL for most analytes and 5-10 x MDL for laboratory-induced contaminants may suggest that field sampling induced contamination may have occurred.

Equipment Blank

B5.2 Laboratory Quality Control Samples

Laboratory QC samples are samples that are prepared at the laboratory and are analyzed along with field samples to monitor the accuracy and precision of analysis. The types of laboratory QC samples that will be collected during the investigation and their


associated requirements are summarized below: Matrix Spike

: A matrix spike sample is an investigative sample having a matrix that is representative of all investigative samples to which a known concentration of target analytes is added. This quality control sample measures the extent that the sample matrix affects the accuracy of reported target analytes and is proposed to be performed at a frequency of 5% of all investigative samples prepared for ICP analysis (1 matrix spike for every 20 investigative samples, for each media) or 1 per preparation batch, whichever is more frequent. Accuracy and method requirements are summarized in Table A-2.

The EPA Region 7 Laboratory has instructed BVSPC that an additional volume will need to be collected for the soil samples. The EPA Laboratory has also indicated that no additional volume is necessary for matrix spike analysis for the potable water sampling.

Laboratory Control Sample (LCS)

: A LCS originates in the laboratory or is provided as a standard reference material (SRM) by a manufacturer (e.g., NIST) and contains target analytes of known concentration. Because LCSs are independent of the calibration standards, they are analyzed to verify the accuracy of the standards used to calibrate the instrument. A LCS is proposed to be performed at a frequency of 5% of all investigative samples prepared for analysis (1 LCS for every 20 investigative samples) or 1 per preparation batch, whichever is more frequent. The LCS must fall within manufacturer's certified acceptance limits. Specific accuracy and method requirements are summarized in Table A-2.

Laboratory Duplicates

: Laboratory duplicates are splits that are prepared by the field or contract laboratory. Because the laboratory is aware that the samples are duplicates, these samples serve to test the precision of the laboratory's sample preparation and analysis. A laboratory duplicate is proposed to be performed at a frequency of 5% of all investigative samples prepared for analysis (1 laboratory duplicate for every 20 investigative samples) or 1 per preparation batch, whichever is more frequent. Initially the acceptance criteria for laboratory duplicates will be a RPD that does not exceed 25% or, alternatively, the absolute difference should not exceed 1 x MDL (whichever is less stringent).

Instrument Blanks

: An instrument blank is composed of the reagents, solvents, or matrix of investigative sample, following sample preparation and is used to discern if laboratory-induced contamination is present. These samples are proposed to be inserted in the analysis stream at a frequency of 5% of samples at minimum. Concentrations of target analytes greater than 1 x MDL for most analytes and 5-10 x MDL for laboratory-induced contaminants may suggest that laboratory-induced contamination may have occurred. Corrective actions must take place prior to analysis of investigative samples. Specific accuracy and method requirements are summarized in Table A-2.

Standard Reference Material: The laboratory will analyze a standard reference material each time they conduct the In Vitro bioaccessibility assay, per the standard


operating method for this procedure.

B6 Instrument/Equipment Testing, Inspection, and Maintenance Requirements

B6.1 Field and On-Site Laboratory Equipment Maintenance

Preventive maintenance of equipment is essential if project resources are to be used in a cost-effective manner. Preventive maintenance will take two forms: regularly scheduled preventive maintenance activities to minimize downtime and ensure accuracy of measurement systems and activities to ensure availability of critical spare parts, backup systems, and equipment. Any equipment or device determined not to be in good working order by field personnel or the site safety coordinator will be replaced or repaired. XRF equipment that does not meet the manufacturer’s calibration limitations or has any other malfunctions will be returned to the rental company for maintenance. Maintenance records for rental equipment will be maintained by the rental company.

B6.2 Laboratory Preventive Maintenance

The laboratory is responsible for maintaining the equipment used during analytical procedures. Specific instrument calibration and tuning requirements will ensure that the results obtained are reliable. It is the laboratory's responsibility to ensure that backup systems and equipment are available as required. Maintenance records for laboratory equipment will be maintained by the laboratory.

B7 Instrument Calibration and Frequency

B7.1 Field Instruments

Instrument calibration of field equipment will be performed daily (prior to initiation of analyses) in accord with procedures outlined in the respective operation manuals. XRF instrument calibration checks will be performed on instrument startup and every 4 hours thereafter. The XRF analysis will be performed on NIST standard reference samples. The XRF result and the value of the standard shall be 20% or less, otherwise the XRF will be returned to the rental company for calibration and maintenance.

B7.2 Laboratory Instruments

All laboratory instruments used in the analysis of samples generated during this project must be calibrated by the laboratory in accord with the requirements of the instrument manufacturer, the requirements specified in the relevant analytical method, and EPA Region 7 SOP 2430.12. Laboratory instrumentation used for sample analyses will be calibrated in accordance with the recommended analytical methodologies. Calibrations must be acceptable before any measurements on investigative samples may be made. Traceable calibration standards will be obtained by the analytical laboratories. All documentation relating to receipt, preparation, and use of standards will be recorded


in the appropriate laboratory logbooks. This information will be forwarded as part of the raw analytical data package.

B8 Inspection/Acceptance Requirements for Supplies and Consumables

Sample containers, coolers, or other packing materials will be obtained from the EPA Region 7 Laboratory. Materials obtained will be checked by the Site Supervisor or his designee for accuracy and integrity. The Site Supervisor will inspect materials to ensure that no containers are broken or cracked and to ensure the integrity of the shipping containers appears intact.

B9 Data Acquisition Requirements for Non-direct Measurement

Properties were chosen based upon yard soil contamination levels which were screened using XRF technology during the Preliminary Assessment/Site Inspection (PA/SI) and the Removal Site Evaluation (RSE) for the Furnace Creek Site. The EPA TOPO has transmitted this XRF sampling data to BVSPC in a Scribe database. BVSPC will develop lists of candidate properties for sampling from this database based upon the lead concentrations in the driveways. An equal percentage (32 to 33) of the number of properties with lead concentrations in the driveway between 400-600 ppm, 600-800 ppm, 800-1,000 ppm, and 1,000-1,200 ppm will be selected for sampling.

B10 Data Management

Data is managed in accordance with policies and procedures established by the EPA Office of Environmental Information in compliance with the EPA Directive 2100, Information Resources Management Policy. All data will be entered into a secured, limited-access, project-specific database by appropriately trained data entry staff. The data entered into the database will include all relevant field information regarding each environmental sample collected, as well as the analytical results provided by the laboratory. All data entries will be reviewed and validated for accuracy by the data entry manager or his/her delegate. All original data records (both hard copy and electronic) will be cataloged and stored in their original form until otherwise directed by the EPA TOPO.


C. ASSESSMENT

C1 Assessment and Response Actions

C1.1 Field Sampling Activities Oversight

As part of a performance and system audit of field activities, the BVSPC QA Manager and Site Manager or Project Engineer may conduct site visits to review and evaluate the performance of sampling and field measurement procedures, chain-of-custody procedures, and field documentation to ensure conformance with the QAPP. Following the site visit, a memorandum summarizing the results of the evaluation and including recommendations for corrective actions, if needed, will be prepared. The memorandum will be submitted to the AES Program Manager. Random audits may be performed by the QA Manager, as required, based on review of data as it is generated.

C1.2 Corrective Action Procedures

Two types of corrective actions may result from audits and/or oversight: immediate and long-term. Immediate corrective actions include correcting deficiencies or errors or correcting inadequate procedures. Long-term corrective actions are designed to eliminate the sources of deficiencies or errors. If either type of corrective action is deemed necessary following oversight activities, each step in the following procedures must be documented:

• Identify the deviation • Request a corrective action • Report the problem to the EPA TOPO. • Review the corrective action response • Perform a follow-up to ensure the deviation is not recurring Refer to Table A-2 for recommended corrective action for laboratory or field QC

samples.

C2 Reports to Management

This task includes preparing the following documents to report the activities to management:

• Monthly status or progress reports. • Corrective action reports, as necessary. • Letter reports and data evaluation memoranda. • Technical Memoranda. • Quality Assurance reports.


All memoranda and reports will be submitted to the EPA TOPO by the BVSPC Project Manager. Project status reports will be prepared by the BVSPC Project Manager and submitted to the EPA TOPO with each monthly invoice and will document the activities that have occurred on the project that month and the anticipated activities for the next period. Corrective action reports, letter reports, and Technical Memoranda will be prepared by BVSPC technical personnel. The reports may include reduction of analytical results and an evaluation of the data collected during the field sampling activities using the criteria described in section B.5. A quality assurance report will be prepared by senior technical personnel at the end of the field activities.


D. DATA VALIDATION AND USABILITY

D1 Data Review, Validation, and Reduction

Soil samples will be analyzed in the field using an XRF instrument. BVSPC will review the data from the XRF to determine to what degree each data item has met it quality specifications as presented in this QAPP. All anomalies will be communicated by the BVSPC Site Manager to the EPA TOPO and the appropriate issue resolutions and/or corrective actions will be implemented.

Sample analysis and reporting for the samples will be the responsibility of the laboratory performing the analyses. The EPA Region 7 laboratory will be responsible for sample analysis, reporting, and data validation of the samples in accordance with EPA Region 7 SOP 2410.10. BVSPC will be responsible for data reduction efforts to evaluate the reported data.

All laboratory analytical results above the method detection limit (as opposed to values above the quantification limit) shall be reported. BVSPC, the firm responsible for the Baseline Human Health Risk Assessment, requested that the data be reported at levels above the Method Detection Limit. This lead to three regions in the concentration range as follows:

• Below the detection limit (lab qualifier = U, detection limit is reported) • Between the detection limit and the quantification limit, best estimate is reported

(lab qualifier = J) • Above the quantification limit (no lab qualifier, unless above the linear range).

A special request will be made to the EPA Region 7 laboratory to report the data as

described above.

D2 Validation and Verification Methods

EPA Region 7 laboratory will perform all data review and validation efforts for analyses performed under the CLP in accordance with the most current version of R7ENSV SOP 2410.10. No independent/BVSPC data validation of EPA laboratory generated data will be performed. RPD values between the field duplicate analysis and the normal sample results will be calculated by BVSPC and presented to the EPA in a summary report. BVSPC will review the XRF data to determine whether the data appears reasonable and acceptable for its intended use.


D3 Reconciliation with User Requirements Upon compilation of the validated sample analytical results, BVSPC will review the

data in relation to the quality objectives and criteria for measurement. If the BVSPC Project Manager determines data quality indicators do not meet the projects requirements, the EPA TOPO will be consulted, and then the data may have to be discarded and re-sampling may be required.


E. BIBLIOGRAPHY BVSPC, 2011a, Remedial Investigation Health & Safety Plan, Washington County Lead District, Operable Unit Numbers 1, 2 & 3, Furnace Creek Site, Washington County, Missouri, prepared for EPA Region 7, October 2011. BVSPC, 2011b, Remedial Investigation, Field Sampling Plan, Washington County Lead District, Operable Units 1 & 2, Furnace Creek Site, Washington County, Missouri, prepared for EPA Region 7, December 2011. EPA, 1998, IEUBK Model Mass Fraction of Soil in Indoor Dust (Msd) Variable, OSWER 9285.7-34, EPA/540/F-00/008. June 1998. EPA, 2003, Superfund Lead-Contaminated Residential Sites Handbook, OSWER 9285.-50, August 2003. EPA, 2005, Uniform Federal Policy for Quality Assurance Project Plans; Evaluating, Assessing, and Documenting Environmental Data Collection and Use Programs, EPA/505/B-04/900A, March 2005. EPA, 2007, Contract Laboratory Program Guidance for Field Samplers, OSWER 9240.0-44, EPA/540/R-07/06, July 2007. HUD, 1995, Guidelines for the Evaluation and Control of Lead-Based Paint Hazards in Housing, June 1995. Tetra Tech EM, Inc. 2009. Removal Site Evaluation (RSE) Report for the Washington County Lead District-Furnace Creek Site, Washington County, Missouri. Prepared for USEPA Region 7, Kansas City, Kansas. March 9. Tetra Tech EM, Inc. 2010a. Removal Action Report, Washington County Lead District-Furnace Creek Site, Caledonia, Missouri. Prepared for EPA Region 7, Kansas City, Kansas. December 2010. Tetra Tech EM, Inc. 2010b. Site Inspection Report, Washington County Lead District-Furnace Creek Site, Washington County, Missouri. Prepared for EPA Region 7, Kansas City, Kansas. May 2010. Tidball, Ronald R., 1984. Geochemical Survey of Missouri, Geography of Soil Geochemistry and Classification by Factor Analysis of Missouri Agricultural Soils; Geological Survey Professional Paper 954-H, I; United States Government Printing Office, Washington D.C, 1984.

Attachment A

QC Tables

Table A-1

Summary of Field and Quality Control (QC) Samples

Media Analysis Lab

Field Samples Collected

QC Samples Total Number of Samples to USEPA Lab

Confirmation Sample

Equipment Blanks

(rinsate)

Field Duplicates MS/MSD

Subsurface Soil As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ag,

V, and Zn EPA CLP 500 50* 5 0 3 ** 58

Surface Soil As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ag,

V, and Zn EPA CLP 60 0 3 3 3** 69

Potable Water

As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ag,

V, and Zn EPA CLP 129 0 0 7

7**

143

Bioaccessibility RBLP EPA 60 0 0 3** 3** 66

CLP = Contract Laboratory Program MS = Matrix Spike/Matrix Spike Duplicate. Submitted at rate of 5 percent based on number of samples submitted to the laboratory. * Same container as primary field sample. ** Selected by EPA Region 7 laboratory. Taken from field sample submitted. Additional volume not required for water samples; additional volume required for soil samples. Equipment Blanks for soil samples submitted at the rate of 5 percent of the number of borings installed.

Table A-2 Required Quality Control and Recommended Corrective Action

Sample Type Sample Matrix Proposed Frequency Initial Acceptance Criteria (1) Recommended Corrective Action

Confirmation Sample

Soil

10% of all field samples. (1 field duplicate per 10)

RPD < 25%, or, the absolute difference should not exceed 1 x MDL.

Verify the RPD calculation. If this is correct, determine if matrix interference or heterogeneous samples are factors in the poor RPD. If matrix effects or heterogeneous samples are not observed, reanalyze the method duplicate and associated investigative samples. If appropriate, re-extract or redigest and reanalyze the method duplicate and associated investigative samples.

Equipment Blank (Rinsate)

Soil

5% of all decontaminations performed on each type of equipment

Target analyses < 1 x MDL; 5-10 x MDL for laboratory-induced contaminants.

Suggests that field sampling-induced contamination may have occurred. Evaluate all associated QC samples. If all other QC samples are within prescribed acceptance limits, but the equipment blank is not (e.g., positive identifications of target analytes are observed), contact the USEPA immediately to determine whether resampling and/or reanalysis is required.

Matrix Spike Soil

5% or 1 per batch (whichever is more frequent)

75-125% recovery of known value Locate source of the problem, correct it,, and re-analyze any samples that were run during the out-of-control condition. This may include any of the following actions: verify the matrix spike percent recovery calculations and evaluate the LCS recoveries are acceptable, determine if matrix interference is a factor in the poor recoveries; reanalyze the matrix spike and associated investigative samples; if appropriate, re-extract or redigest and reanalyze the matrix spike and associated investigative samples.

Laboratory Control Sample

Soil


Must be within manufacturer’s established experience limits.

Verify the percent recovery calculations. Evaluate the standard to determine if it is faulty. If it is, prepare a new standard and reanalyze the LCS and associated investigative samples. If necessary, recalibrate the instrument. Do not continue analysis until the problem is solved.

Laboratory Duplicate

Soil


RPD < 25% or, the absolute difference should not exceed 1 x MDL.

Verify the RPD calculation.

Instrument Blank

Soil


< 1 MDL except for common laboratory contaminants which may be 5-10 x MDL. If any analyte concentration is > PQL, the lowest concentration of that analyte in the associated samples must be 10x more than the concentration found in the blank.

Evaluate system, locate source of contamination, and perform a system blank to determine if the system blank meets acceptance criteria. Perform instrument maintenance, as necessary, until analysis of system blanks meet acceptance criteria. Do not begin analysis of investigative samples until criteria are met.

MDL - Method Detection Limit PQL - Practical Quantification Limit SRM - Standard Reference Material RPD -Relative Percent Difference IDL - Instrument Detection Limit N/A - Not Applicable (1) Acceptance criteria may be revised based on site data or established laboratory criteria.