uxd and ia for the internet of things - internetome 2010 london

GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | [email protected] | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

Internetome 2010, London

Internet of Things =

People + Things + Data

Gerd KortuemLancaster University www.kortuem.com

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http://www.kortuem.com





The presentation will be shared over Twitter:

@kortuem

and on my blog:

www.kortuem.com

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LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

ResearcherSoftware developer

Consultant

Lancaster UniversitySchool of Computing and Communications

Management SchoolImagination (Design Department)

Highwire PhD training network20 (+10/year) PhD students

focused on innovationtransdisciplinary


My vision

IoT = People + Things + Data

The value of the Internet (of Things) increases the more computers people are connected.

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Homo habilis

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The tool maker




The operator: handle, control, monitor, observe

Homo habilis

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Homo habilis

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The user: interact, browse, communicate, socialise




The future homo habilis

How will our relationship to objects develop?

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The connected

object

Autonomy

Agency

Data-rich

Communicative

Social

Perceptive

Collaborative

Networked




We need to develop new models and theories

Human factors, interface design, user experience design, information design ... for connected objects.

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Interaction design

Contextual design

Information design

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Case 1: Interaction Design

What is wrong with energy meters?

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Influence, persuade, nudge.Feedback loops

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Unanticipated effects

After being told that they used more energy than their neighbours, republicans who showed no practical interest in environmental causes increased electricity use by 0.75 per cent.

Average electricity reduction was 2.5%.

Dora L. Costa, Matthew E. Kahn. (2010) Energy Conservation "Nudges" and Environmentalist Ideology: Evidence from a Randomized Residential Electricity Field Experiment. NBER Working Paper No. 15939, May 7, 2010. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA.

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http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20327222.100-how-psychology-can-help-the-planet-stay-cool.html





50% of my Ph.D. students could not install the energy meters at their home.

Too much focus on product use, not enough focus on the rest of the product lifecycle.

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Maintaining interest

Effects may fade over time.

“The results show that the initial savings in electricity consumption of 7.8% after 4 months could not be sustained in the medium- to long-term”van Dam, S. S., Bakker, C. A., van Hal, J. D. M. Home energy monitors: impact over the medium-term. Building Research & Information. 2010, vol 38, issue 5, pp. 458-469.

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Do we need more screens? Trend to more complexity.

“Energy dashboards” and “home “energy management systems” instead of simple controls.

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www.gridpoint.com.

www.tendrilinc.com.

http://www.ecovisionsolutions.com.au/




http://www.gridpoint.com/

http://www.gridpoint.com/

http://www.tendrilinc.com/

http://www.tendrilinc.com/




An alternative approach

Laptop energy management as example to follow

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Reduced interface Closing the lid

Automatic energy management

of all componentsUser defined energy

management preferences

Energy management of individual components

Disk spins downCpu reduces speed

Display reduces brightness




The light power switch

Tangible interaction instead of persuasion

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controls all devices in a room




The energy door lock

Door lock as decision and control point: back in 5 minutes or 5 weeks?

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Unlock Sleep

Shutdown




Lesson

Not everything that looks like a feedback loop should be designed as such.

Tangible controls vs generic screen-based control.

Deep modifications may be required to get interaction right.

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Case 2: Contextual Design

Smart objects for the work place

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Networked sensor drillImproving health and safety at construction sites

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Protecting against Vibration-White-Finger Syndrome

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Protecting against Vibration-White-Finger Syndrome

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Duration of use measured

Vibration characteristics known for each equipment, measured by manufacturer

Soil condition assumed

Actual Exposure

Maximum Legal Exposure

Compliant?




Inform, motivate.Envisioned feedback loop

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Design process

Google Maps http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&ie=UTF8&om=1&msa=0&msid...

2 of 3 18/9/07 17:44

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Issue 1. Self-Image and social pressure

Safety equipment often not used

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Issue 2. Information disclosure

Unit with display was accepted, unit w/o display was perceived as surveillance technology.

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Issue 3. Information accountability

There can be too much information.

If a job needs to get done nobody (management, worker) wants to know that someone is over the exposure limit.

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Issue 4. Unexpected social feedback loops

Operators as source of expertise and drivers of behavioural change.

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Lessons

Open design

Information disclosure (may be good or bad)

Empowering users

Supporting collaboration

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Case 3: Information Design

Mapping information to space

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Internet of Things for information-rich environments

Hospital Ward

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Critical decisionsTime pressureMany devicesMany people

Better decisionsBetter care




Analysing work behaviour

Human Activity Language

S: do aS: do a with dS: do a to PS: do a with d to P

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S:staff

a:action

P: patient

d: device




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Saline machine

Patient 1

Patient 2

Patient 3

Use device

UD

on patient




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Saline machine

Patient 1

Patient 2

Patient 3

Use device

UD

on patient Micro Displays




Micro Displays

Situated Information

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!




Visual Design

Encoding for maximum clarity and information density

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3

3

measurebloodpressure

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Colour Representing Entity and Relationship

Instruction | Explanation Confirmation | Trends

Entity A Identity

Entity B Identity

Status

Design by Kevin Smith




Lessons

Multi-dimensional design space:

What information, when,where and how?

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Recap

Interaction design

Contextual design

Information design

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Global R&D agenda still mostly focuses on technology

Not much about people or design for people in here ...

Vision and Challenges for Realising the

Internet of Things March 2010

Edited by Harald Sundmaeker

Patrick Guillemin Peter Friess

Sylvie Woelfflé

The meaning of things lies not in the things themselves, but in our attitude towards them.

Antoine de Saint-Exupéry

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Conclusion

1. Homo habilis: our relation to future smart objects yet undefined (user, operator, ...).

2. IoT Design for people requires more than adding a thin interface layer; requires deep modification of IoT concepts, architectures, etc...

3. Current industry (and research) agenda ignores interaction design and information design for the IoT.

4. Ecosystem design: new design methodologies and design tools are needed for defining our interaction (with ecosystems of) smart connected objects.

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IoT = People + Things + Data

Thank you.

[email protected]@kortuemwww.kortuem.com

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mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]




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uxd and ia for the internet of things - internetome 2010 london

Technology

london internet of things

interface design

user experience design

future homo habilis

connected objects

computers people

energy meters

year phd students