Vapor pressure is mostly a function of airtemperature

Same Liquid – Two Temps. The red curve has more molecules with enough energy to evaporate.

Equilibrium Vapor PressureThe pressure of the vapor present

at equilibrium. Determined principally by the size

of the intermolecular forces in the liquid.

Increases significantly with temperature.

Volatile liquids have high vapor pressures.

The normal boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the vapor pressure equals 1 atmosphere.

• Diethyl ether

• Ethanol

• Water

Forces of Attraction

Adhesive Forces• Forces of attraction

between substances

Cohesive Forces• Forces of attraction

within substances.

Some Properties of a Liquid

Surface Tension: The resistance to an increase in its surface area (polar molecules, liquid metals).

Capillary Action: Spontaneous rising of a liquid in a narrow tube.

Some Properties of a Liquid

Viscosity: Resistance to flow

High viscosity is an indication of strong intermolecular forces