CURRICULUM VITAEAugust 2012

MICHAEL BRATTON

Address: Office: Department of Political Science,Michigan State University,323 South Kedzie HallEast Lansing, Michigan 48824, U.S.A.

Home: 6006 Harkson DriveEast Lansing, Michigan 48823, U.S.A.

Contacts: Office: (517) 353-3377 Department: (517) 355-6590 Home: (517) 351-7264

Fax: (517) 432-1091e-mail: mbratton@msu.edu

Present Position (2007-present) University Distinguished Professor, Department of Political Science and African Studies Center, Michigan State University

Job responsibilities include (a) Teaching graduate seminars and undergraduate courses in Comparative Politics, Comparative Public Administration, Democratization, African Politics, International Human Rights, and Social Science Research Methods (b) Conducting original research: my current interests include processes of political regime change (especially democratization), state-society relations, and mass political attitudes in new democracies (c) Serving on advisory, administrative, and search committees in the University, College of Social Science, Department of Political Science, African Studies Center, and the Center for the Advanced Study of International Development, and (d) Supervising graduate research, primarily for students interested in democratization and international development.

Concurrent Position (2008-present) Senior Advisor, Afrobarometer(2006-2007) Executive Director, Afrobarometer

(1999-2005) Co-Founder and Co-Director, Afrobarometer

The Afrobarometer is a state-of-the-art survey research instrument that measures the social, political and economic atmosphere in Africa. Afrobarometer surveys are conducted in over thirty African countries and are repeated on a regular cycle. Because the instrument asks a standard set of questions, countries can be systematically compared and trends in public attitudes can be tracked over time. Surveys are conducted by national partner institutions in each African country, which together comprise the Afrobarometer Network. For eight years I directed the Network’s activities – including survey research, capacity building, academic publication, and policy outreach.

Visiting Position (2006) Visiting Fellow, Nuffield College, Oxford University

The responsibilities of this appointment included research on comparative and African politics and advising doctoral students and post-doctoral fellows.

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Previous Position (1986-1988) Program Officer, Developing Country Programs,The Ford Foundation

Job responsibilities included (a) Designing a program strategy in Governance, Public Policy and Rural Development for the Foundation's regional office in Eastern and Southern Africa and (b) Implementing this program through a series of grants to educational, governmental and voluntary agencies. I recommended, monitored and evaluated grant actions in Kenya, Uganda, and Zimbabwe to support policy research for rural development, training for participatory planning, human rights documentation and education, and university and NGO staff development.

Previous Position (1982-84) Fellow, Agriculture and Social Science Division, The Rockefeller Foundation

Job responsibilities included (a) Interdisciplinary research on the impact of farmer organizations on food crop output and agricultural policy (b) Advisory services to government and non-governmental agencies that provide agricultural extension to small farmers and (c) Managing a pilot integrated rural development project in Zimbabwe. Daily activities involved planning, programming and budgeting, designing and implementing action research projects, training and motivating teams of field technicians, negotiating with policy-makers and funding agencies, and preparing technical and academic analyses.

Previous Position (1991-2007) Professor, Department of Political Science and African Studies Center, Michigan State University

Previous Position (1982-1990) Associate Professor, Department of Political Science and African Studies Center, Michigan State University

Previous Position (1977-1982) Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science and African Studies Center, Michigan State University

EDUCATION

1978 Ph.D. Politics, Brandeis University

1969 B.A. (Honours) Politics, University of Exeter, England

ACADEMIC AWARDS

Jennings Randolph Senior Fellow, United States Institute of Peace, 2010-11

University Distinguished Professor Award, Michigan State University, 2007

Distinguished Faculty Award, Michigan State University, 2006

Winner, Data Set Award, American Political Science Association, Comparative Politics Section, 2004. For Afrobarometer Rounds 1 and 2 (with Robert Mattes and E. Gyimah-Boadi).

Nominee, Best Article, American Political Science Association, Comparative Politics Section, 1996. For “Neopatrimonial Regimes and Political Transitions in Africa” (with Nicolas van de Walle).

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GRANTS AND CONTRACTS

2011-2015 Research Grant, U.S. Agency for International Development` $3,124,258 (Afrobarometer Rounds 5 and 6)

2008-2011 Research Grant, U.S. Agency for International Development$1,456,753 (Afrobarometer Round 4)

2008-2010 Matching Grants to SIDA challenge grant (below) from DFID (UK) CIDA (Canada) and Danida (Denmark)$2,700,000 (Afrobarometer Round 4)

2007-2010 Challenge Grant, Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA)$1,000,000 (Afrobarometer Round 4)

2005-2007 Research Grant, World Bank, Public Sector Governance/Development Research, $253,724 (Citizen Access to Public Services)

2005-2007 Training Grant, Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation, $350,000(Survey Research Summer Schools at the University of Cape Town)

2005-2007 Research Grant, U.S. Agency for International Development, Bureau of Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance, $643,000 (Democratic Attitude Studies)

2005-2007 Research and Capacity-Building Grant, Royal Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, $789,368 (Afrobarometer Round 3)

2005-2006 Research and Capacity-Building Grant, Department for International Development (U.K.), $534,690 (Afrobarometer Round 3)

2004-2007 Research and Capacity-Building Grant, Swedish International Development Agency, $1,256,248 (Afrobarometer Round 3)

2003-2005 Research and Capacity Building Grant, African Development Bank, $148,000(Afrobarometer Round 3)

2002-2004 Research and Capacity-Building Grant, Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs, $1,506,131 (Afrobarometer Round 2)

2001-2003 Research Grant, The Gulbenkian Foundation, $196,644(Afrobarometer Surveys in Lusophone Africa)

2001-2003 Institutional Support Grant, Michigan State University, $375,000(The Afrobarometer Workshop)

2000-2002 Research Grant, Swedish International Development Agency, $1,056,000(The Afrobarometer Network, with Robert Mattes and E. Gyimah-Boadi)

2000-2001 Research Grant, Danish Trust Fund for Governance, the World Bank , $100,000 (Attitudes to Governance in Mali and Tanzania)

1998-2001 Research Grant, National Science Foundation, $300,000{VITAE.rev11 v1} 3

(Attitudes to Democracy and Markets in Africa, with Ray Duch and Peter Lewis)

1998 Lecturer/Researcher Award, Fulbright Senior Scholar Program, South Africa1993-96 Research Grant, National Science Foundation, $75,000

(Explaining Political Transitions in Africa, with Nicolas van de Walle)

1992-97 Cooperative Agreement, United States Agency for International Development $1,026,000 (Evaluation and Special Studies, Zambia Democratic Governance Project)

1992 All University Research Initiation Grant, Michigan State University

1991 Regional Research Award, Fulbright Senior Scholar Program. 1990 Research Grant, Ford Foundation, $43,000 (Farmer Organizations and Agricultural

Policy in Africa, with James Bingen and John Makumbe)

1989 Research Grant, The Rockefeller Foundation, $45,000 (Greater Voice for Africa, with David Wiley).

1985 Faculty Scholar Award, CASID, Michigan State University

1982-84 Research Fellowship, Conquest of Hunger Program, The Rockefeller Foundation

1980 All University Research Initiation Grant, Michigan State University

1971-76 Graduate Tuition Scholarship and Research Fellowship, Brandeis University

1969 Rotary Scholarship Fund Tuition Award and Direct Exchange Fellowship, University of Exeter (U.K.).

OTHER ACADEMIC EXPERIENCE

2006 - present Research Associate, Centre for the Study of African Economies, Oxford University

2002 - present Research Advisor, Democracy in Africa Research Unit, University of Cape Town

1998 Visiting Professor, Department of Politics, University of Natal (Durban) and Department of Political Science, University of Durban-Westville, South Africa

1996 Visiting Research Professor, Department of Government, Uppsala University, Sweden

1990-91 Visiting Senior Research Fellow, Universities of Nairobi/Zambia/Zimbabwe

1982-84 Visiting Senior Research Fellow, Department of Land Management and Department of Political and Administrative Studies, University of Zimbabwe

1973-76 Lecturer, Department of Political and Administrative Studies, University of Zambia

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OTHER PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

2009 Leader, Consultant Team, The World Bank(Political Economy Analysis of Donor Engagement in Zimbabwe)

2008 Leader, Consultant Team, U.S. Agency for International Development.(Democracy and Governance Strategy Assessment, Zimbabwe)

2007 Member, Expert Committee, United Nations Development Program(Millenium Research Program on Cultural Diversity and Development)

2007 Advisor, The Pew Research Center(The Pew Global Attitudes Project)

2005 - present Member, Expert Panel, U.S. Agency for International Development, Democracy Center (The Impact of U.S. Assistance on Democracy Building)

2004 Evaluator, U.S. Agency for International Development, Democracy Center(Democracy Surveys in Central America, Mexico and Colombia)

2001 Member, Observer Delegation, The Carter Center (December 2001 Tripartite Elections in Zambia)

2000 Consultant, International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance(International IDEA) (Democracy Assessment in Nigeria)

1999-2001 Consultant, International Foundation for Election Systems(Public Attitude Surveys in Nigeria, Uganda and Ghana)

1998 Advisor, United Nations Development Program (Development Cooperation Report, South Africa)

1997 Consultant, USAID/South Africa (Democracy and Governance Assessment/Review) 1997 Consultant, Open Society Foundation for South Africa

(Evaluation of the Centre for Policy Studies, Johannesburg)

1996-97 Consultant, The Democracy Center, Global Bureau, USAID/Washington(Civil Society Strategies, Civil Society Indicators, and Executive Offices)

1996 Consultant, USAID/Malawi (Public Opinion Research Feasibility Assessment)

1995 Leader, Mid-Term Review Team, USAID/Zambia (Zambia Democratic Governance Project)

1993-95 Consultant, The World Bank (Global Coalition for Africa: Transitions to Democracy Study)

1991 Advisor, The Carter Center/National Democratic Institute for International Affairs{VITAE.rev11 v1} 5

(Zambia Voting Observation Team)

1988-2000 Senior Associate, Institute for Development Research (IDR), Boston (e.g. Intersectoral Partnerships Project, Asian NGO Fellows Program, Civil Society

Strategies Project)

1985 Consultant, USAID/Zambia (PL480 Food Aid Evaluation)

1980-85 Consultant, Comité International de Liaison du Corps pour l'Alimentation (International Liaison Committee for Food Corps Programs) (CILCA)

1984 Consultant, German Technical Assistance (GTZ) (Zimbabwe: Communal Lands Development Plan)

1981 Member, Research Team, USAID/Zimbabwe(Country Development Strategy Statement)

1980 Member, Project Preparation Team, United States Agency for International Development (Zambia - National Agricultural Research and Extension Project)

PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS

American Political Science Association (1977 - present)African Studies Association (lifetime member)Midwest Political Science Association (1989 - present)International Political Science Association (2006-present)

OTHER PROFESSIONAL CONTRIBUTIONS

2010 Member, Presidential Task Force on Democracy Indicators, American Political Science Association

2007 - present Editorial Board, Journal of Democracy

2007- present Editorial Board, Electoral Studies

1997 - present Editorial Board, Journal of Modern African Studies

2009 - present International Advisory Board, AmericasBarometer

1995 - present Research Council, International Forum for Democratic Studies, National Endowment for Democracy

2005 - 2007 Nominations Committee, Comparative Politics Section, American Political Science Association

2001-2002 Selection Committee, Data Set Prize in Comparative Politics, American Political Science Association

1998 Sage Prize Committee, American Political Science Association

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1996 - 2000 Governing Board, PACT, an international development enterprise

1995 -1996 Selection Committee, International Doctoral Research Fellowship Program,Social Science Research Council/American Council of Learned Societies

UNIVERSITY ADMINISTRATIVE ASSIGNMENTS

Advisory Committee, Department of Political Science (2005-2006, 2007-2009)Boldness By Design Task Force, International Committee (2006)University Graduate Council (1996-1998)Promotion and Tenure Committee, College of Social Science (1992-1994, 2003-4, 2008-9)Faculty Advisory Committee to the Dean of the College of Social Science (1994-1996)Graduate Committee, College of Social ScienceHearings Board, College of Social ScienceCollege Representative, South Africa Implementation Committee (1999-2001)Advisory Committee, Department of Political Science (Chair, 1994-95)Advisory Committee, African Studies Center (1988-1992)Advisory Committee, Center for the Advanced Study of International Development (1984-1986)Comparative Politics Field Committee (Chair, 1995-6, 1999, 2004) Admissions/Assistantships Committee, Department of Political Science (1989, 1999)Search Committees, Department of Political Science (multiple, 1989- present)Foreign Language and Area Studies Fellowships Selection Committee, African Studies CenterZimbabwe Fellowships Committee, African Studies Center Founder and Editor, MSU Working Papers on Political Reform in Africa (1992-1998)Founder and Editor, Afrobarometer Working Papers and Afrobarometer Briefing Papers series (2000- present) Co-Organizer, Conference on the Changing Nature of Third World PovertyCoordinator, Research Group on Agricultural Politics in AfricaAssociate Editor, Rural AfricanaOrganizer, International Conference on “The Micro-Foundations of Mass Politics in Africa” (May 2007).

PROFESSIONAL PRESENTATIONS (by invitation)

(National)Center for International Affairs, Harvard UniversityWoodrow Wilson School, Princeton UniversityHoover Institution, Stanford UniversityDepartment of Political Science, Duke UniversityDepartment of Political Science, University of California, San DiegoThe Kellogg Institute, University of Notre DameThe Carter Center, Emory UniversitySchool of Advance International Studies, Johns Hopkins UniversityDepartment of Political Science, University of Washington, SeattleDepartment of Political Science, Vanderbilt UniversityInternational and Area Studies, University of California, BerkeleyRural Development Committee, Cornell UniversityCenter for Research on Economic Development, University of MichiganAfrican Studies Program, University of MichiganHenry Jackson School of International Studies, University of WashingtonCenter on International Cooperation, New York UniversityMonterey Institute for International AffairsDevelopment Studies Program, The American UniversityDepartment of Sociology, Indiana UniversityDepartment of Political Science, Pomona College Program of African Studies, Northwestern UniversityGlobal Studies Research Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison

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Research Institute on International Change, Columbia UniversityCenter for the Study of Philanthropy, CUNYNational Academy of Sciences, Washington D.C.National Council for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, ColoradoAfrica Bureau, U.S. Department of StateAfrica Bureau, United States Agency for International DevelopmentDemocracy Center, United States Agency for International DevelopmentOffice of Research, United States Information AgencySubcommittee on Africa, U.S. House of RepresentativesOverseas Development Council, Washington, D.C.Carnegie Endowment for International PeaceCouncil on Foreign Relations, New YorkUnited States Institute of PeaceInternational Foundation for Elections Systems, Washington D.C.Center for Democratic Performance, SUNY-BinghamtonAfrican Studies Center, University of FloridaWatson Institute, Brown UniversityBrookings Institution, Washington D.C.Woodrow Wilson Center, Washington D.C.

(International)St. Antony’s College, Oxford University, UKDevelopment Studies Institute, London School of Economics and Political Science, UKSocial Science Research Center, Berlin, GermanyInstitute for Advanced Study, Vienna, Austria Harry S. Truman Research Institute, Hebrew University, IsraelSchool of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, UKUppsala University, SwedenDanish Institute for International StudiesIndian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, IndiaParticipatory Research Institute for Asia, New Delhi, IndiaEl Colegio de Postgraduados, Chapingo, MexicoInstitute of Development Studies, University of NairobiMakerere University, UgandaUniversity of ZambiaUniversity of ZimbabweAddis Ababa UniversityGorée Institute, SenegalInstitute of Economic Affairs, Nairobi, Kenya.Swedish International Development Agency, Stockholm, SwedenInstitute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, Stockholm, SwedenCentre for Democracy and Development, Accra, GhanaAfrica Institute, Pretoria, South AfricaDemocracy Development Program, Durban, South AfricaCentre for Policy Studies, Johannesburg, South AfricaInstitute for Democracy in South Africa, Cape Town, South AfricaNatural Resources College, Lilongwe, MalawiUniversity of Cape Town, South AfricaInternational Political Science Association, Fukuoka, JapanKing Prajadhipok Institute, Bangkok, ThailandInstitute for Multiparty Democracy, The Hague, NetherlandsCalouste Gulbenkian Foundation, Lisbon, PortugalNational Taiwan University, TaipeiUniversity of Chile, SantiagoUnited Nations Development Program, Governance DivisionWorld Bank, Public Management Research Unit

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PUBLICATIONS

BOOKS AND EDITED VOLUMES

Voting and Democratic Citizenship in Africa, Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2013. 15 chapters, 350 pages, 28 figures, 46 tables (single author of 5 chapters, co-author of 2 chapters, and editor of the volume).

Public Opinion, Democracy, and Market Reform in Africa, Cambridge University Press, 2005. 466 pages, 44 tables, 48 figures (lead author, with Robert Mattes and E. Gyimah-Boadi).

Democratic Experiments in Africa: Regime Transitions in Comparative Perspective, Cambridge University Press, 1997, 297 pages, 6 figures, 12 tables (co-author with Nicolas van de Walle).

Political Regimes and Regime Transitions in Africa: A Comparative Handbook, East Lansing, Michigan, Center for the Advanced Study of International Development, 1996, 212 pages (co-compiler with Nicolas van de Walle). Governance and Politics in Africa, Boulder and London, Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1992, 327 pages (co-author and co-editor with Goran Hyden).

The Local Politics of Rural Development: Peasant and Party State in Zambia, Hanover, New Hampshire, University Press of New England, 1980, 334 pages, 35 tables, 6 maps (single author).

Beyond Community Development: The Political Economy of Rural Administration in Zimbabwe, London, Catholic Institute of International Relations, 1978, 64 pages (single author).

Southern Africa: Prospects for Rural Development, East Lansing, Michigan, special double issue of Rural Africana, 4, Fall 1979, 120 pages (co-author and co-editor with David Wiley).

Bibliography of Doctoral Dissertations on Africa Accepted by United States Universities, 1890-1972, Waltham, Massachusetts, African Studies Association, 1973, 190 pages (co-compiler with Anne Schneller).

REFEREED ARTICLES

“Citizens and cell Phones in Africa,” African Affairs, 114, 447, April 2013: xx-xx

“Citizen Perceptions of Local Government Responsiveness in Africa,” World Development, 30, 3, March 2012: 515-527. “Voting Intentions in Africa: Ethnic, Economic or Partisan?” Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, 50, 1, February 2012: 90-115 (with Ravi Bhavnani and Tse-Hsin Chen).

“Violence, Partisanship and Transitional Justice in Zimbabwe,” Journal of Modern African Studies, 49, 3, July 2011: 353-381.

“Who Votes? Implications for New Democracies,” Taiwan Journal of Democracy, 6, 1, July 2010 (with Yun-han Chu and Marta Lagos).

“Vote Buying and Violence in Nigerian Elections,” Electoral Studies, 27, 4, 2008, pp. 621-632.{VITAE.rev11 v1} 9

“Voting in Kenya: Putting Ethnicity in Perspective,” Journal of East African Studies, 2, 2, 2008, pp. 273-290 (with Mwangi Kimenyi).

“Learning About Democracy in Africa: Awareness, Performance and Experience,” American Journal of Political Science, 51, 1, 2007, 192-217 (with Robert Mattes).

“The Durability of Political Goods? Evidence from Nigeria’s New Democracy,” Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, 45, 1, 2007, 1-33 (with Peter Lewis) (lead article).

“Public Reactions to State Repression: Operation Murambatsvina in Zimbabwe,” African Affairs, 106 (January) 2007, 21-45 (with Eldred Masunungure).

“Populations Pauvres et Citoyenneté Démocratique en Afrique”” Afrique Contemporaine, No. 220, 2006, pp. 33-64.

“State Building and Democratization in Africa: Forwards, Backwards or Together?” Comparative Political Studies, 39, 9, 2006, 1059-1083 (with Eric Chang) (lead article)

“Political Institutions, Partisan Status, and Attitudes to Democracy: A Natural Experiment from Lesotho” Electoral Studies, 25, 2006, 731-750 (with Wonbin Cho).

“Propaganda and Public Opinion in Zimbabwe,” also “Reply to a Critic: Don’t Shoot the Messenger,” Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 23, 1, January 2005, 77-108 and 121-2 (with Annie Chikwana and Tulani Sithole).

“The Resolution of Violent Conflicts in Nigeria: A Public Opinion Perspective,” Journal of Peace-Building and Development, 1, 3, 2004, 35-44.

“Islam, Democracy, and Public Opinion in Africa”, African Affairs, 102, July 2003, 493-501.

“Support for Economic Reform? Popular Attitudes in Southern Africa,” World Development, 31, 2, February 2003, 303-323 (with Robert Mattes)

“Popular Attitudes to the Legitimacy of the State in Mali,” Canadian Journal of African Studies 36, 2, 2002, 197-238 (with Massa Coulibaly and Fabiana Machado) (lead article).

“Support for Democracy in Africa: Intrinsic or Instrumental?” British Journal of Political Science, 31, July 2001, 447-474 (with Robert Mattes).

“Uganda’s Referendum 2000: The Silent Boycott”, African Affairs, 100, July 2001, 429-452 (with Gina Lambright).

“Constituencies for Reform in Ghana”, Journal of Modern African Studies, 39, 2, July 2001, 231-259 (with Peter Lewis and E. Gyimah-Boadi).

“Africa’s Triple Transition: Popular Perspectives”, African Security Review, 2001 (with Robert Mattes)

“Political Participation in a New Democracy: Institutional Considerations from Zambia”, Comparative Political Studies, 32, 5, August 1999, 549-589.

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"The Effects of Civic Education on Political Culture: Evidence from Zambia", World Development, 27, 5, May 1999, 807-824 (with Philip Alderfer, Georgia Bowser and Joseph Temba)

"Deciphering Africa's Divergent Transitions", Political Science Quarterly, 112, 1, Spring 1997, 67-94.

"A Focus Group Assessment of Political Attitudes in Zambia", African Affairs, 93, October 1994, 535-563 (with Beatrice Liatto-Katundu).

"Neopatrimonial Regimes and Political Transitions in Africa", World Politics, 46, 4, July 1994, 453-489 (with Nicolas van de Walle) (lead article).

"Micro-Democracy? The Merger of Farmer Unions in Zimbabwe", African Studies Review, 37, 1, April 1994, 9-38 (lead article).

"Popular Protest and Political Reform in Africa", Comparative Politics, 24, 4, 1992, 419-442 (with Nicolas van de Walle).

"Observing Multiparty Elections in Africa: Lessons from Zambia", African Affairs, 91, 1992, 405-430 (with Eric Bjornlund and Clark Gibson)

"Non-Governmental Organizations in Africa: Can They Influence Public Policy?", Development and Change, 21, 1, 1990, 87-118.

"Beyond the State: Civil Society and Associational Life in Africa", World Politics, 41, 3, April 1989, 407-430.

"The Politics of Government - N.G.O. Relations in Africa", World Development, 17, 4, 1989, 569-587.

"The Comrades and the Countryside: The Politics of Agricultural Policy in Zimbabwe", World Politics, 39, 2, 1987, 174-202.

"Farmer Organizations and Food Production in Zimbabwe", World Development, 13, 3, 1986, 367-384.

"Financing Smallholder Production: A Comparison of Individual and Group Lending Schemes", Public Administration and Development, 6, 2, 1986, 115-132. Lead article.

"Fertilizer Packages, Maize Yields, and Economic Returns: An Evaluation from Wedza Communal Land (Zimbabwe)" Zimbabwe Agricultural Journal, 82, 1, 1985, 1-8.

"Patterns of Development and Underdevelopment: Towards a Comparison" International Studies Quarterly, 26, 3, 1982, 333-372.

"Development in Zimbabwe: Strategy and Tactics", Journal of Modern African Studies, 19, 3, 1981, 447-476.

"The Public Service in Zimbabwe", Political Science Quarterly, 96, 3, 1980, 441-464.

"Structural Transformation in Zimbabwe: Comparative Notes from Kenya", Journal of Modern African Studies, 15, 4, 1977, 592-611.

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OTHER ARTICLES

“Anchoring the ‘D-Word’ in Africa,” Journal of Democracy, 21, 4, October 2010.

“Zimbabwe’s Long Agony,” Journal of Democracy 19, 4, October 2008 (with Eldred Masunungure).

“The Political Economy of Democratic Legitimacy: A Global Analysis,” Journal of Democracy 19, 3, 2008, pp. 74-87 (with Yun-han Chu, Marta Lagos, Mark Tessler and Sandeep Shastri)

“Capturing Clientelism,” APSA-CP (Newsletter of APSA’s Comparative Politics Section), 19, 1, 2008.

“Formal versus Informal Institutions in Africa” Journal of Democracy, 17, 3, (July) 2007.

“Building Democracy in Africa’s Weak States,” Democracy At Large, Vol. 1, No. 3, June 2005, 12-15 (cover story).

“African Citizens Prefer Democratic Institutions,” an “In-Depth Analysis” for Oxford Analytica(Oxford, UK), September 2005.

“The People’s Voice: Trust in Political Institutions,” International IDEA Yearbook, Vol. 1, 60-72 (Stockholm, International IDEA, 2005) (with Richard Rose, Marta Lagos and Yun-han Chu)

“The Alternation Effect in Africa”, Journal of Democracy, 15, 4, October 2004, 147-158.

“Founding Elections” and “Election Boycotts” in International Encyclopedia of Elections, Washington, D.C., Congressional Quarterly Books, 1999.

“Africans’ Surprising Universalism”, Journal of Democracy, January 2001, 12, 1, 107-121 (with Robert Mattes).

“Second Elections in Africa”, Journal of Democracy, 9, 3, July 1998, 51-66.

"Trends in Aid to South Africa", Indicator South Africa, 15, 4 (Centre for Social Development Studies, University of Natal, South Africa, November 1998), pp. 58-70, 6 tables.

"Lessons for South Africa's Second Elections", Africa Insight (Journal of the Africa Institute, Pretoria, South Africa) , 28, 1, September 1998, pp. 230-232.

“After Mandela’s Miracle in South Africa”, Current History, May 1998, 214-220. Reprinted in Christian Soe (ed.) Annual Editions: Comparative Politics, 1999/2000 (Guildford, Connecticut, Dushkin/McGraw-Hill, 1999), 175-180.

"Kenneth Kaunda" and "Frederick Chiluba" in Encyclopaedia of Sub-Saharan Africa, New York, Simon and Schuster, 1996.

"Zambia" in Encyclopaedia of Democracy, Washington D.C., Congressional Quarterly Books, 1996.

"Are Competitive Elections Enough?", Africa Demos, March 1995, 7-8.

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"Political Culture in Zambia: A Pilot Survey", MSU Working Papers on Political Reform in Africa (East Lansing, Michigan: Michigan State University, Department of Political Science and Center for the Advanced Study of International Development), No. 7, January 1994.

"Farmer Organizations and Agricultural Policy in Africa", African Rural and Urban Studies, 1, 1, 1994, 7-29 (with James Bingen). Plus co-editor of special issue.

"Zambia Starts Over", Journal of Democracy, 3, 2, 1992, 81-94.

"How Africanist Scholars View U.S. Africa Policy: Results of a Survey", Issue, 19, 3, Summer 1991 (with Reinhard Heinisch).

"Academic Analysis and U.S. Economic Assistance Policy on Africa", Issue, 19, 3, Fall 1990, 21-37.

"Managing Small Farm Production Projects in Africa", National Development, 26, 6, August 1985.

"Settler State, Guerilla War and Rural Underdevelopment in Southern Africa" Issue, 9, 1, 1979, 56-62.

BOOK CHAPTERS

“The Democracy-Governance Connection in Africa: Do Free Elections Foster Capable Governments?” chapter in Stephen Ndegwa and Ellen Lust-Okar (eds.), Governing Africa's Changing Societies: Dynamics of Reform (Boulder: Lynne Rienner, forthcoming 2012)

“Public Opinion and Democratic Consolidation” in David Anderson and Nicholas Cheeseman (eds.) Routledge Handbook of African Politics (New York: Routledge, forthcoming 2012).

“Rationality, Cosmopolitanism and Adjustment Fatigue: Public Attitudes to Economic Reform in Zambia” (with Peter Lolojih), in Paul Collier, Christopher Adam and Caleb Fundanga (eds.) Zambia: Policies for Prosperity (Oxford: Oxford University Press, forthcoming 2011).

“Sub-Saharan Africa” in Christian Haerpfer, Ronald Inglehart, and Christian Welzel (eds.) Democratization, (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2009), Ch. 22, pp.339-355.

“Poor People and Democratic Citizenship in Africa,” in Anirudh Krishna (ed.), Poverty, Participation and Democracy (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008) Ch 2, pp. 28-64.

“Voters, But Not Yet Citizens? Democratization and Development Aid,” in Richard Joseph (ed.) Smart Aid for African Development. (Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2008) (with Carolyn Logan).

“Are You Being Served? Public Satisfaction with Health and Education Services in Africa,” in Cynthia Arnson and Garry Bland (eds.) Democratic Deficits (Washington DC, Woodrow Wilson Center, 2008).

“South Africa”, in Jeffrey Kopstein and Mark Lichbach (eds.), Comparative Politics: Interests, Identities, and Institutions in Today’s Small World, (New York, Cambridge University Press, 2000), pp. 381-412. Also revised second edition, 2005. Also revised third edition, 2007.

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“How Africans View Elections,” in Richard Soudriette and Juliana Geron Pilon (eds.), Every Vote Counts: The Role of Elections in Building Democracy (Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, forthcoming 2007)

“What ‘The People’ Say About Reforms,” in E. Gyimah-Boadi (ed.) Democratic Reform in Africa: The Quality of Progress (Boulder, Colorado, Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2004) (with Robert Mattes).

“Nigeria: Understanding Attitudes to Democracy and Markets,” in Lucie Colvin Philips and Diery Seck (eds.) Fixing African Economies: Policy Research for Development (Boulder and London, Lynne Rienner, August 2003) (with Peter Lewis).

“Wide But Shallow: Popular Support for Democracy in Africa”, in Edward McMahon and Tom Sinclair (eds.), The Performance of Democratic Institutions: Research and Policy Perspectives (New York, Praeger, 2003).

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“Aiding Reconstruction and Development in South Africa: Promise and Delivery,” in Shepard Forman and Stewart Patrick (eds.), Good Intentions: Pledges of Aid for Post-Conflict Recovery, Boulder, Colorado, Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2000, pp. 259-314 (with Chris Landsberg).

"A First Look at Second Elections in Africa, with Illustrations from Zambia", in Richard Joseph (ed.) State, Conflict and Democracy in Africa, Boulder, Colorado, Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1999, pp. 377-408 (with Daniel Posner).

"International Versus Domestic Explanations of Democratisation in Africa", in William Hale and Eberhard Kienle (eds.) Asia and Africa After the Cold War: Security and Democracy, London, I.B. Tauris Press, 1997, pp. 156-193.

"Political Participation in Transition Elections in Africa: Some Observations", in Richard Joseph (ed.) Democratization in Africa, Atlanta, Georgia, The Carter Center, 1994, 125-139.

"Peasant-State Relations in Post-Colonial Africa: Engagement or Disengagement?", in Joel Migdal (ed.) The State in Society: Struggles and Accomodation, Cambridge University Press, 1994, 231-254.

"Civil Society and Political Transitions in Africa" in John Harbeson, Donald Rothchild and Naomi Chazan (eds.) Civil Society and the State in Africa, Boulder and London, Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1994, 51-81.

"Economic Crisis and Political Realignment in Zambia", in Jennifer Widner (ed.), The Economics of Political Liberalization in Africa. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994, 101-128.

"Enabling the Voluntary Sector in Africa: The Policy Context" in Joseph, Richard (ed.) Governance in Africa in the 1990s, Atlanta, Georgia, The Carter Center, 1990.

"Ten Years After: Land Distribution in Zimbabwe, 1980-1990" in Prosterman, Roy (ed.) Agrarian Reform and Grassroots Development, Boulder and London, Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1990.

"Beyond Autocracy: Civil Society in Africa" in Joseph, Richard (ed.), Beyond Autocracy in Africa, Atlanta, Georgia, The Carter Center, 1989.

"Political Conflict and Hunger in the Horn of Africa" in Mehretu, Asseffa (ed.), Global Food Security: Focus on Africa, Washington D.C., National Committee for World Food Day, 1988.

"Drought, Food and the Social Organization of Small Farmers in Zimbabwe" in Glantz, Michael (ed.), Drought and Hunger in Africa: Denying Famine a Future, Cambridge and New York, Cambridge University Press, 1987, 213-244.

"Afro-Marxism in a Market Economy: Public Policy in Zimbabwe" in Edmond J. Keller and Donald Rothchild, eds., Afro-Marxist Regimes: Ideology and Public Policy, Boulder and London, Lynne Rienner Press, 1987, 199-223 (with Stephen Burgess).

"Zimbabwe and South Africa: Dependency, Destabilization and Liberation" in Thomas Callaghy (ed.) South Africa in Southern Africa, New York, Praeger, 1983, 323-354 (with Larry Bowman and Rukudzo Murapa)."The Social Context of Political Penetration in Zambia: Village and Ward Committees in Kasama District" in Tordoff, William (ed.), Administration in Zambia, Manchester, Manchester University Press, and Madison, Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin Press, 1980, pp. 219-239.

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"Ward and Village Committees in Kasama District: A Social Background Survey" in Honeybone, David and Alan Marter, Poverty and Wealth in Rural Zambia, Institute for African Studies, 1979, 103-125.

REPRINTS AND TRANSLATIONS

“Formal versus Informal Institutions in Africa” Journal of Democracy, 17, 3, (July) 2007, reprinted in Diamond, Larry and Marc Plattner (eds.). How People View Democracy. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins U. Press, 2008.

“The Alternation Effect in Africa”, Journal of Democracy, 15, 4, October 2004, 147-158, reprinted in Diamond, Larry and Marc Plattner (eds.). How People View Democracy. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins U. Press, 2008.

“Support for Democracy in Africa: Intrinsic or Instrumental?”(with Robert Mattes) reprinted in William G. Moseley (ed.) Taking Sides: Issues in African Studies (New York, McGraw Hill, 2004 and 2006).

“Support for Economic Reform? Popular Attitudes in Southern Africa,” (with Robert Mattes), reprinted in Mats Lundahl (ed.), Globalization and Marginalization of the Southern African Economies (Uppsala: The Nordic Africa Institute, forthcoming 2004)

“Second Elections in Africa”, reprinted in Larry Diamond and Marc Plattner (eds.) Democratization in Africa (Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999), 18-33.

“After Mandela’s Miracle in South Africa”, reprinted in Christian Soe (ed.) Annual Editions: Comparative Politics 1999/2000 (Guildford, Connecticut, Dushkin/McGraw-Hill, 1999), 175-180.

"Farmer Organizations and Food Production in Zimbabwe", reprinted in Vijayan K. Pillai and Lyle W. Shannon, Developing Areas: Readings and Research, Oxford, Berg, 1995, 494-510.

"Non-Governmental Organizations in Africa: Can They Influence Public Policy?", reprinted in Eve Sandberg ed., The Changing Politics of Non-Governmental Organizations in African States, New York, Praeger, 1994, chapter 2, 33-58. "Land Distribution in Zimbabwe, 1980-1990", reprinted in Carl Eicher and Mandivamba Rukuni (eds.) Zimbabwe's Agricultural Revolution, jointly published by University of California Press and University of Zimbabwe Press, 1994, 70-88.

Gouverner L'Afrique: Vers Un Partage Des Roles, French language translation of Goran Hyden and Michael Bratton (eds.) Governance and Politics in Africa, Paris, Nouveaux Horizons, 1994, 441 pp.

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RESEARCH REPORTS

Strategic Assessment of Democracy and Governance in Zimbabwe, commissioned by USAID/Zimbabwe and DCHA/Washington, (with Otto Saki, Michelle Girard, Charles Mangongera, and Shani Cooke) (team leader and main author) 61pp., 3 tables, January 2012.

“Citizen Perceptions of Local Government Accountability in Sub-Saharan Africa,” paper commissioned by the Research Department, Public Sector Management, the World Bank, 23 pp, 12 tables, May 2011.

“The Anatomy of Political Predation: Leaders, Elites and Coalitions in Zimbabwe, 1980-2010,” The Development Leadership Project, Research Paper No. 9, funded by a multi-donor consortium headed by Australian Aid (with Eldred Masunungure), 58pp.

Political Economy and Governance Context of Transition and Recovery in Zimbabwe, commissioned by The World Bank (with Eldred Masunungure), 59pp., 3 tables, August 2009.

Strategic Assessment of Democracy and Governance in Zimbabwe, commissioned by USAID/DCHA/Washington, (with John Makumbe, Eldred Masunungure, Jacob Mafume, and Marissa Lemargie Lavaque) (team leader and main author) 50pp., 3 tables, March 2008.

“Are You Being Served? Public Satisfaction with Health and Education Services in Africa,” paper commissioned by the Research Department, Public Sector Management, the World Bank, January 2007. “Where is Africa Going? Views From Below: A Compendium of Trends in Public Opinion in 12 African Countries, 1999-2006,”Afrobarometer Working Paper No. 61 (with Wonbin Cho) (45 pp., 17 figures, 17 tables), May 2006.

“Popular Opinion About Public Health Services in Africa,” paper prepared for presentation to the Midwest Institute, Summer 2005.

“Independent Evaluation, Democracy Surveys in Central America, Mexico and Columbia” (LAPOP Project, Vanderbilt University) for the U.S. Agency for International Development (with William Mishler), November 2004.

“Afrobarometer Round 2: Compendium of Comparative Results from a 15-Country Survey” Afrobarometer Working Paper No. 34 (with Carolyn Logan, Wonbin Cho, and Paloma Bauer) (53 pages, 24 tables), April 2004.

Insiders and Outsiders: Varying Perceptions of Democracy and Governance in Uganda. Report submitted to the Donor Technical Group, Kampala, February 2003. 48 pp., 28 tables (with Carolyn Logan, Nansozi Muwanga and Robert Sentamu).

“Poverty, Survival and Democracy in Southern Africa,” Afrobarometer Working Paper No. 22, December 2002 (with Robert Mattes and Yul Derek Davids).

“Key Findings on Public Opinion in Africa” Afrobarometer Briefing Paper No. 1, April 2002“Violent Conflict and Conflict Resolution in Nigeria” Afrobarometer Briefing Paper No. 2, August 2002“Islam, Democracy and Public Opinion in Africa” Afrobarometer Briefing Paper No. 3, September 2002

Uncritical Citizens? Attitudes to Democracy and Markets in Tanzania. Report submitted to the U.S. Agency for International Development, November 2001. 47pp., 32 tables (Amon Chaligha, Yul Derek Davids, and Robert Mattes).

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Down to Earth: Changes in Attitudes to Democracy and Markets in Nigeria. Report submitted to the U.S. Agency for International Development, October 2001. 52 pp., 36 Tables, 11 Figures (with Peter Lewis, Etannibi Alemika and Zeric Smith).

Popular Perspectives on Good Governance in Mali, report submitted to the Public Sector Reform and Capacity Building Group, Africa Region, the World Bank, March 31, 2001 (with Massa Coulibaly and Fabiana Machado. Elite Attitudes to Democracy and Markets in Ghana: A Focus Group Report, published by the Centre for Democracy and Development (Accra, Ghana), September 2000, 20pp. (with E. Gyimah-Boadi, Peter Lewis and Kimberly Smiddy)

Public Opinion and the Consolidation of Democracy in Southern Africa, report to the Southern Africa Regional Office of USAID, July 2000, 62pp. 80 tables (with Robert Mattes, Derek Davids and Cherrel Africa).

Democracy, Economy and Gender in Uganda: Results of a National Sample Survey. Report for the International Foundation for Election Systems (IFES), October, 2000, 43pp., 10 charts, 15 tables (with Gina Lambright and Robert Sentamu).

Attitudes to Democracy and Markets in Nigeria: Results of a National Sample Survey, January-February 2000. Report for the International Foundation for Election Systems (IFES), April 24, 2000 (182 pp., 33 figures, 100 tables) (with Peter Lewis).

Attitudes to Democracy and Markets in Ghana: Results of a National Sample Survey, July 1999. Report to the Mission to Ghana of the U.S. Agency for International Development, September 30, 1999 (162 pp., 32 figures, 90 tables) (with Peter Lewis and E. Gyimah-Boadi).

Development Cooperation in South Africa, 1994-1999: A Monitoring Framework. Report to the Ministry of Finance South Africa, November 1998.

Strategic Assessment of Democracy and Governance in South Africa. Report for USAID/SA , February 1998 (with Joel Barkan, Steven Friedman, Claude Kabemba, Chris Landsberg and Khehla Shubane).

Evaluation of the Centre for Policy Studies. Report for the Open Society Foundation for South Africa, October 1997 (with Wilmot James).

Executive Offices and Policy Management in Africa’s New Democracies. Applied research paper prepared for the Democracy Center, U.S. Agency for International Development , October 1997 (with Harry Garnett, Julie Koenen-Grant and Catherine Rielly).

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Political Participation in Zambia, 1991-1996: Trends, Determinants, and Program Implications. Special study prepared for USAID/Zambia, June 1997 (with Philip Alderfer and Neo Simutanyi).

The Impact of Civic Education on the Knowledge, Values and Attitudes of Zambian Citizens. Evaluation report prepared for USAID/Zambia, February 1997 (with Philip Alderfer, Georgia Bowser and Joseph Temba).

Attitudes to Democracy in Malawi. Report to USAID/Malawi proposing a framework for assessing public opinion and monitoring democracy and governance programs, December 1996.

Institutional Linkages with South African Universities. Report to the Dean, College of Social Science, Michigan State University based on visits to South African universities, research funding councils, and donor agencies, March 1996, 12pp.

Zambia Democratic Governance Project: Mid-Term Review. Evaluation report prepared for USAID/Zambia, July 1995, 126 pp. plus 4 appendices (with John Rigby, John Harbeson, John Makumbe, Folu Ogundimu, Dorothy Muntemba, and Philip Alderfer).

Civil Society in Africa: An Assessment. Report on the role of civic associations in transitions to, and consolidation of, democracy prepared for USAID/Washington, January 1994, 77pp. plus 8 annexes (with Leslie Fox, Peter Kareithi, Aili Tripp, and Jonathan Otto).

Baseline Study: Beneficiary Profile. Report on a national survey of political attitudes in Zambia prepared for USAID/Zambia, October 1993, 114pp. (with Beatrice Liatto-Katundu)

Baseline Study: Institutional Profile. Report on indicators and status of institutional development in the Cabinet Office, National Assembly, ZAMCOM and FODEP (Zambia) prepared for USAID/Zambia, June 1993.

Political Liberalization in Africa in the 1990s. Paper prepared for a conference of donors to the Special Program for Africa, Carnegie Institute for International Peace, Washington D.C., April 1993.

A Preliminary Analysis of the Political Attitudes of Zambian Citizens. A report on focus group discussions prepared for USAID/Zambia, March 1993.

Transitions to Democracy in Africa: Research Design and Methodology for a Cross-National Study. Design prepared for the Global Coalition for Africa/ African Leadership Forum, January 1993, 40pp. (with Nicolas van de Walle).

Democracy and Governance in Zambia: An Assessment and Proposed Strategy. Report prepared for the U.S. Agency for International Development, May 1992 (with James Wunsch and Peter Kareithi).

Agricultural Interest Groups in Zimbabwe: Towards Institutional Merger?. Report prepared for the Ministry of Lands, Agriculture and Rural Resettlement, Government of the Republic of Zimbabwe, November 1991.

Academic Analysis and U.S. Policy-Making on Africa. Report prepared for the Rockefeller Foundation (with David Wiley and Larry Bowman), May 1990.

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Farmer Organization and Agricultural Policy in Africa. Concept paper for a international collaborative research project prepared for a project design workshop held by the Research Group on Agricultural Policy in Africa, June 1989. Workshop funded by the African Development Foundation, Agricultural Missions Inc., and Michigan State University. (with James Bingen)

Governance for Rural Development. Program strategy paper prepared for the Nairobi office of the Ford Foundation. Presented to a workshop on "Rural Poverty and Resources" for staff of Developing Country Programs, Ford Foundation, November 1986.

Evaluating Institutional Development in Small Farm Projects. Report prepared for a Workshop on Training and Evaluation for Development Projects at El Colegio de Postgraduados, Chapingo, Mexico, August 1985.

Graduate Training in Agricultural Research. Report written for the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zimbabwe to establish a graduate research program. Submitted to USAID and IDRC, November 1984.

Organizing Participation for Rural Development. Report prepared for the Central Planning Unit, Ministry or Lands, Resettlement and Rural Development, Government of Zimbabwe, March 1984.

Wedza Project Evaluation Report Series:No.2. "Characteristics of Farmer Extension Representatives"No.3. "Extension in Wedza: Baseline Findings"No.6. "Farmer Choices of Maize Input Packages"No.7. "Maize Yield Estimation, 1984"No.8. "Wedza Project: Impact on Extension"Reports to the Department of Agricultural, Technical and Extension Services, Government of Zimbabwe, May 1983 to June 1984

CILCA: The Next Five Years: A Proposal for Institutionalizing Village-Level Development. Funded by the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA). Boston, CILCA, September 1982 (with Ruth Morgenthau).

Training Course for Food Corps Fellows, Mexico. Funded by the Ford Foundation, Nairobi, Boston, CILCA, February, 1981.

BOOK REVIEWS

Democracy and Development in Zimbabwe by John Makumbe, in Journal of Modern African Studies, 38, 4, (December) 2000, 731-732.

Civil Society: Old Images, New Visions by John Keane, in Journal of Politics, 1999.

Democracy in Africa: The Hard Road Ahead by Marina Ottaway (ed.) in Journal of Modern African Studies, 1998.

The Rise and Fall of Development Theory, by Colin Leys, in African Economic History, 1997.

Organizing the Political Agora: Domination and Democratisation in Zambia and Zimbabwe, by Per Nordlund, in Statsvetenskaplig Tidskrift (The Swedish Journal of Political Science), 1997.

African Capitalists in African Development, by Bruce J. Berman and Colin Leys (eds.), in American Political Science Review, 89, 4, 1995, 1047-8.

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Zimbabwe's Guerrilla War: Peasant Voices, by Norma Kriger, in Journal of African History, 34, 1, 1993, 101-103.

Rhodesia/Zimbabwe: A Bibliographic Guide to the Nationalist Period by Marion Doro, in Canadian Journal of African Studies, 1985.

Development Needs and Opportunities for Cooperation in Southern Africa. A report to Congress by the United States Agency for International Development, in Rural Africana, 4, 1979, 79-82.

Zambia: Security and Conflict, by Jan Pettman, in African Social Research, 21, 1976, 69-73.

WORK IN PROGRESS

Zimbabwe: The Elusive Search for a Political Settlement (book manuscript)

Voting and Citizenship in Africa (edited volume)

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