GLASOVI MLADIH 2012 – Glavni nalaziVOICES OF YOUTH 2012 – Key findings

Pripremljeno/Prepared by: Envesa Hodžić-KovačUN RC ured/UN RC Office, oktobar/October 2012

• Fieldwork conducted in the period December 2011 - January 2012

• Sample size: 2,360 respondents from 15 to 30 years of age– 2,008 youth (general population)– 352 youth (vulnerable categories)

• 100 youth with special needs• 100 youth without parental care• 88 Roma youth• 65 youth returnees

• Topics covered through research:– Education– Employment and labour market– Social protection– Living standards– Participation– Future

About research/O istraživanju

• Terenski dio istraživanja odrađen decembar 2011./ januar 2012.

• Uzorak: 2.360 ispitanika od 15 do 30 godina– 2.008 mladi (opšta populacija)– 352 mladi (ugrožene kategorije)

• 100 sa posebnim potrebama• 100 bez roditeljskog staranja• 88 Romi• 65 povratnici

• Teme pokrivene istraživanjem:– Obrazovanje– Zapošljavanje i tržište rada– Socijalna zaštita– Životni standard– Učešće– Budućnost

• Goal 1: collect data on the attitudes, opinions, perceptions and aspirations of young people to assist in the creation of more youth sensitive policies

• Goal 2: detect any changes in the attitudes and opinions amongst young people in comparison to 2008 (similar survey conducted for GTZ)

• Goal 3: identify any differences in responses of general youth population and those from vulnerable categories

About research/O istraživanju

• Cilj 1: prikupiti datu o stavovima, mišljenjima, percepcijama i željama mladih ljudi kao podlogu za stvaranje adekvatnijih politika za mlade

• Cilj 2: uočiti promjene u stavovima i mišljenjima kod mladih ljudi u odnosu na 2008. godinu (slično istraživanje sprovedeno za GTZ)

• Cilj 3: uočiti razlike u odgovorima mladih iz opšte populacije i mladih iz ugroženih kategorija

• Average age: 22 years• Every fourth is employed (28%)• Every fourth is married (26.3%)• Every fifth has children (21.4%)• Most still live with parents (71.9%)• Every tenth has completed higher

education (14.1% vs. 9.9% in 2008)• 3.3% without any formal education• Three out of four find current living

standard poor or mediocre (75%)• Most experienced decrease in living

standards in the last 3 years (87%) • 99% believe they have no influence

on key decisions in political or non-governmental organisations

• 38% would leve the country for good if given an opportunity

Profile of respondents/Profil ispitanika

• Prosječna dob: 22 godine• Svaki četvrti je zaposlen (28%)• Svaki četvrti je oženjen (26,3%)• Svaki peti ima djecu (21,4%)• Većina živi sa roditeljima (71,9%)• Svaki deseti ima završeno više ili visoko

obrazovanje (14,1% vs. 9,9% u 2008.)• 3,3% nema formalno obrazovanje• Tri od četiri nalaze trenutni životni

standard lošim ili prosječnim (75%)• Većina je iskusila pad životnog

standarda u zadnje 3 godine (87%)• 99% vjeruje da nema nikakav utjecaj

na odluke u političkim i nevladinim organizacijama

• 38% bi zauvijek napustili zemlju ako bi im se ukazala prilika

Views on education/Stavovi o obrazovanju

2008 2011/2012

Education will not help me gain employmentObrazovanje mi neće omogućiti zaposlenje 60% 79%

Knowledge of English LanguageZnanje engleskog jezika 64% 76%

No voluntary activities in schoolNema volonterskih aktivnosti u školi 60% 84%

No practical experience offered in schoolNema praktične nastave u školi 48% 52%

Not involved in non-formal educationNeuključenost u neformalnom obrazovanju 64% 75%

Scope of the curricula is too extensivePreopširan nastavni plan 33.6% 28.6%

Lack of practical application of knowledgeNedostatak praktične primjene stečenog znanja 18.1% 27.2%

Lack of scolarship grants and loansNedovoljno stipendija i grantova 13.7% 14.5%

Education attainment of respondents/Stečeno obrazovanje ispitanika

No primary

educationBez

osnovne škole

4 years of primary

education4 razreda osnovne

škole

Completed primary

educationZavršena osnovna

škola

Secondary education (3 years)Srednja

škola (trogodišnja)

Secondary education (4 years)

Srednja škola (četvero-godišnja)

All respondentsSvi ispitanici 2.0 1.3 6.4 25.4 48.9

RomaRomi 34.2 20.5 24.7 17.8 2.7

Youth without paretnal careMladi bez roditeljskog staranja .0 .0 9.8 37.7 49.2

Youth with special needsMladi sa posebnim potrebama 8.9 2.5 26.6 34.2 26.6

ReturneesPovratnici .0 .0 7.0 41.9 44.2

Education attainment of respondents/Stečeno obrazovanje ispitanika

Completed higher education (2 years)

Završena dvogodišnja viša škola

Completed university degree or masters

Završen fakultet ili magisterij

All respondentsSvi ispitanici 2.7 11.4*

RomaRomi .0 .0

Youth without paretnal careMladi bez roditeljskog staranja 1.6 .0

Youth with special needsMladi sa posebnim potrebama 1.3 .0

ReturneesPovratnici 4.7 .0

*8.1% male and 14.7% female / 8.1% muškaraca i 14.7% žena

56.7%Familiar with the concept of lifelong learning Upoznati sa konceptom cjeloživotnog učenja

51.2% Ready for career changeSpremno za promjenu profesije

Labour market / Tržište rada2008 2011/2012

Number of months job searching after completed schoolBroj mjeseci u traženju posla nakon školovanja 11 16

No need for additional skills for work than ones I already posessNe postoji potreba za dodatnim vještinama za posao od onih koje posjedujem

43% 95%

I am in permanent employmentImam ugovor o radu na neodređen period 50% 55%

I am in temporary employmentImam ugovor o radu na određen period 18% 27%

Employer pays salary on regular basisPoslodavac redovno uplaćuje platu 81% 89%

Employer pays contributions on regular basisPoslodavac redovno uplaćuje doprinose 64% 78%

Employment in own professionZaposlenost u vlastitoj struci 37% 50%

Minimal monthly wage prepared to work forMinimalna plata za koju sam spreman/spremna raditi 467KM 614KM

Unemployment/ Nezaposlenost2008 2011/2012

Active in job searchingAktivni u traženju posla 23% 35%

Average period of unemployment (months)Prosječan period nezaposlenosti (mjeseci) 36 26

Registered as unemployed with employment centreRegistrovani kao nezaposleni na birou za zapošljavanje 35% 58%

Prefers employment in trade, hospitality, turism, transportPreferira posao u trgovini, ugostiteljstvu, turizmu, prometu 48% 59%

Youth that have heard of cases of bribery for a job in public sectorMladi koji su čuli za slučajeve podmićivanja za radno mjesto u javnoj administraciji

74% 96%

...heard of cases of bribery for a job in private sector

... čuli za slučajeve podmićivanja za radno mjesto u priv. sektoru 74% 93%

Familiar with some government programme for employmentUpoznati sa nekim od vladinih programa za zapošljavanje 19% 27%

Beneficiaries of government programme for employmentKorisnici nekog od vladinih programa za zapošljavanje 5% 8%

Labour market and vulnerable groups/Tržište rada i ranjive grupe

EmployedZaposleni

In permanent

employmentZaposlen na neodređeno

In temporary

employmentZaposlen na

određeno

Active in job

searchingAktivni u traženju

posla

I posses all skills required

for jobImam sva znanja za

obavljanje posla

All respondentsSvi ispitanici 22.6 55.2 26.9 32.4 55.0

Roma Romi 7.1 57.1 14.3 26.0 27.3

Youth without paretnal care Mladi bez roditeljskog staranja 25.0 71.4 14.3 28.9 56.8

Youth with special needs Mladi sa posebnim potrebama 10.0 20.0 50.0 11.0 34.0

Returnees Povratnici 15.4 60.0 .0 40.0 40.0

Economic status/Ekonomski status

2008 2011/2012

Do not contribute to household budget on a regular basisNe doprinosi redovno kućnom budžetu 53.3% 61.7%

Average disposable monthly amountProsječan mjesečni iznos na raspolaganju 236KM 232KM

Recepient of a scholarshipPrima stipendiju 3.9% 4.3%

Average amount of scholarshipProsječan iznos stipendije 317KM 167KM

Recepient of social welfarePrima socijalnu pomoć 2% 6.7%

Visited centre for social work to obtain informationPosjeta centru za socijalni rad za informacije - 6.5%

Manage to save some money every monthUspiju uštedjeti nešto novca svaki mjesec 0% 12.5%

Posesses a loanIma kredit - 9%

Income and vulnerable groups/Primanja i ranjive grupe

Contributes regularly to h. budgetDoprinose redovno kućnom budžetu

Income from

salaryPrimanja od plate

Income from agriculture

Primanja od polj. dobra

Income from

pensionsPrimanja

od penzija

Income from social benefits

Primanja od socijalne zaštite

All respondentsSvi ispitanici 22.2 76.1 22.4 16.5 6.1

Roma Romi 17.2 32.3 13.1 2.0 24.2

Youth without paretnal care Mladi bez roditeljskog staranja 37.5 40.9 9.1 31.8 30.7

Youth with special needs Mladi sa posebnim potrebama 37.0 56.0 8.0 36.0 64.0

Returnees Povratnici 10.8 66.2 40.0 27.7 1.5

Participation/ Učešće

2008 2011/2012

Not interested in politics Nisu zainteresovani za politiku 75% 83%

Small or no influence in school/facultyMali / nikakav utjecaj u školi/na fakultetu 80% 88%

Small or no influence in familyMali / nikakav utjecaj u porodici 61% 70%

Small or no influence in local communityMali / nikakav utjecaj u lokalnoj zajednici 89% 97%

Small or no influence in political or non-gov. organisationsMali /nikakav utjecaj u političkim i nevladinim organizacijama 90% 99%

Voted during last electionsGlasali na prošlim izborima 57% 60%*/**

* 32% youth /mladi 18-21; 62% youth / mladi 22-25; 78% youth / mladi 26-30** 78% university educated youth / mladi sa završenim fakultetom; 59% youth with secondary education / mladi sa srednjom školom

Views on their future/ Razmišljanja o njihovoj budućnosti

2008 2011/2012

Living standard will be the same or worse in the futureŽivotni standard u budućnosti će biti isti ili gori 26% 43%

Would leave the country for studiesNapustili bi zemlju zbog studija 43% 53%

Would leave the country for temporary workNapustili bi zemlju zbog privremenog rada 55% 66%

Would leave the country for marriage Napustili bi zemlju zbog ženidbe/udaje 34% 42%

Would permanently settle abroadStalno bi se nastanili u inostranstvu 46% 52%

Would move abroad for a longer period, but would returnIšli bi u inostranstvo na duže vrijeme, ali ne zauvijek 30% 43%

Would move abroad for goodOtišli bi u inostranstvo zauvijek 37% 38%

Future and vulnerable groups/Budućnost i ranjive grupe

Would leave the country

for studies

Napustili bi zemlju

zbog studija

Would leave the country

for temporary

workNapustili bi zemlju zbog privremenog

rada

Would permanently

settle abroad

Stalno bi se nastanili u

inostranstvu

Would move abroad for a

longer period, but

would returnIšli bi u

inostranstvo na duže

vrijeme, ali ne zauvijek

Would move abroad for

goodOtišli bi u

inostranstvo zauvijek

All respondentsSvi ispitanici 53.3 65.6 52.3 42.9 38.1

Roma Romi 43.4 86.9 76.8 30.3 64.6

Youth without paretnal care Mladi bez roditeljskog staranja 58.0 65.9 50.0 47.7 40.9

Youth with special needs Mladi sa posebnim potrebama 17.0 25.0 31.0 26.0 23.0

Returnees Povratnici 47.7 60.0 56.9 33.8 38.5

• Resolve the unemployment and housing issues pertaining to youth.

• Enable everyone to realise their right to primary education.

• Remove all obstacles to good quality education.

• Enable youth to gain experience of international education.

• Inform youth about the possibilities for engagement in voluntary activities.

• Increase access to non-formal education programmes.

• Encourage youth participation in decision-making.

Recommendations / Preporuke

• Riješiti problem nezaposlenosti i stambenog zbrinjavanja mladih.

• Omogućiti svima da ostvare pravo na osnovno obrazovanje.

• Ukinuti sve prepreke kvalitetnom obrazovanju.

• Omogućiti internacionalna obrazovna iskustva mladima.

• Informisati mlade o mogućnostima anagažovanja u volonterskim aktivnostima.

• Povećati pristup neformalnim programima obrazovanja

• Ohrabriti učešće mladih osoba u donošenju odluka.

• Protect vulnerable groups.• Protect the rights of workers.• Improve the quality of social

protection.• Raise youth awareness about the

advantages of political activity and activity within the nongovernmental sector.

• Strengthen the mechanisms for protection against human trafficking.

Recommendations / Preporuke

• Zaštita vulnerabilnih grupa.• Zaštita prava radnika.• Poboljšati kvalitetu socijalne

zaštite.• Podići svijest mladih o

prednostima političkog djelovanja kao i djelovanja u nevladinom sektoru.

• Ojačati mehanizme zaštite od trgovine sa ljudima.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION.

HVALA NA PAŽNJI.