Future energy solutions

from VTT

IndustrIes In transformatIonChange has become a constant. Every business sector is facing major chal-lenges, with industries in transformation. Market needs are increasingly fragment-ed, making differentiation and cost reduc-tions prerequisites for success, and the ability to apply knowledge and technol-ogy a competitive advantage. radIcal new paradIgmTo complicate matters, the energy sector is facing a paradigm shift away from fos-sil fuels. Sector players are challenged to come up with new solutions that will in-crease the profitability of the entire value chain. We all know that innovation is key to solving these problems. And the key drivers of innovation are talent and col-laboration. co-creatIng solutIonsVTT can add experienced talent to your own research, development and innova-tion teams. Together we can co-create breakthrough solutions to solve real world problems. We may even have technolo-gies and solutions that already fit your needs. fresh thInkIngOur customers tell us that collaborating with VTT adds value in a number of ways.

Business from low carbon technology

It brings fresh thinking to the table, offers proven technologies that can be tailored to their specific needs, and accelerates the development and implementa-tion process. how we workWorking with VTT is different. Instead of developing every-thing internally or working with companies pushing proprietary solutions, we function as an extended part of your team. With VTT, you are tapping into energy sector research and development that is both deep and broad. let’s talkWe invite you to meet with us so that we can gain a bet-ter understanding of the most important problems you are fac-ing and how we can help you to solve them.

Rauno Rintamaa Vice President, D.Sc. (Tech.), Prof. Energy

Photo: Antonin Halas

VTT research units:Finland, Berkeley, VTT / MSI (USA), Seoul, (South Korea), São Paulo (Brazil).

Offices abroad:

Shanghai (China), Tokyo (Japan), St Petersburg (Russia), Brussels (Belgium), Washington DC (USA).

Offices in Finland: Espoo, Helsinki, Oulu, Outokumpu, Rovaniemi, Sodankylä, Tampere, Jyväskylä, Rajamäki, Turku, Kuopio, Lappeenranta, Kajaani, Raahe.

Sustainable integrationEnergy systems of cities

Smart energy value chainVTT’s long term expertise and simula-tion models help customers with op-timal solutions for sustainable, smart energy networks at community, city, re-gional or national levels. Our models are highly developed and include variables such as renewable energy solutions, building integration, electrical car inte-gration, energy storage, smart grid so-lutions and eco-assessment. VTT also provides planning support, feasibility studies and support for energy network management.

Our customers tell us that collaborat-ing with VTT adds value in a number of ways. It brings clarity to the complex is-sue of transitioning to smart energy, and offers a strategic planning outlook that enables customers to make long term, sustainable decisions. VTT’s long term expertise also supports in development of novel solutions in rapidly changing market.

AddiTionAl inFoRmATion

markku J. Virtanen Programme Manager+358 40 576 9306 markku.virtanen@vtt.fi

inTegRATed SmART eneRgy SySTem concepTS And SoluTionS FoR low cARBon economy • Requirements management and

target definition • Procurement methods and design

support• Multi-criteria optimization • Multi-scale simulation• Virtual laboratory services• Life-cycle assessment• Continuous commissioning services• Cyber security analysis in different

ICT infrastructures

innoVATion ecoSySTem FoR SmART eneRgy neTwoRking And STAkeholdeR inVolVemenT• Pre-planning analyses and road

mapping• Market trend analyses• Value chain analyses• Network facilitation• Modelling of complex stakeholder

network systems dynamics• Solution virtualisation and

visualisation

communicATion, mAnAgemenT And SeRViceS• Smart sensor and metering solutions• Load control and charging solutions• Energy data management, including

data processing, data mining, and interpretation

• Simulation-assisted forecasting and diagnosis for smart operation and maintenance

• Cyber security analyses in energy production and delivery networks

• Analyses and design of communication systems for special requirements

• Procurement support in requirement management and implementation

THE VTT OFFERING

Biomass and waste to power and heat

Enabling efficient conversionBiomass and waste to fuel, power and heat

VTT has significant expertise in convert-ing biomass and waste to energy. We focus on developing cost efficient, sus-tainable and multi-fuel solutions. Our proven technologies include combus-tion, gasification, pyrolysis and world class fluidized bed processes. One of our core research areas is multi-fuel operation enabling efficient and flex-ible use of biomass, waste and various

industrial by-products in combination with coal or other fossil fuels.

VTT brings fresh thinking and years of experience to biomass conversion, waste-to-energy and multi-fuel opera-tions development and implementation processes. We work in a collaborative manner to develop technologies that will be tailored to your specific needs. Col-laborating with VTT advance your pro-ject faster than you might imagine.

cASe: meTSo poweR oyVTT recently collaborated with Metso Power, a global engineering and tech-nology corporation and a local utility, in evaluating biomass potential and sug-gesting feasible options for fuel in the Bialystok region of Poland.

Part of the feasibility study involved maximising the use of low quality, low cost fuels such as agro biomass. This was carried out via experimental trials undertaken in a pulverised coal-fired (PC) boiler that had been retrofitted into a fluidised bed boiler.

The results of the Bialystok evaluation have been very promising, with the de-carbonisation of two entire 100 MW PC units into 75 MW fuel-flexible biomass-fired units for approximately one third the costs of new units.

Thanks to VTT’s contribution we have managed to

push the limits in fuel flexibility meanwhile being able to give guarantees for the operation to the power plant operators.

Jaani SilvennoinenManager, Intelligent solutionsMetso Power Oy

Fuel pRoducTion And pRoceSSing • Biomass fuel processing, production

and logistics • Reception and pre-treatment of

combustible biomass • Solid biomass fuel supply chains,

international markets and business expertise

THE VTT OFFERING

cASe: FoRTum poweR And heAT oyVTT collaborated with Fortum, a major energy supplier to the Nordic region, in an experiment at the Naantali, Finland coal-fired CHP plant. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of different coal-biomass fuel blends on boiler perform-ance.

During the trial, we combined different proportions of sawdust and pulverised forest residue with different types of coal. Pulverised fuel blends were fed into the boiler, and we mapped the ef-fects of the blends in different opera-tional situations.

As a result, the proportion of biomass in the mixture used at the plant was safely increased. VTT recently participated in another test at the same plant, with a focus on the possibility of co-firing with straw.

By co-operating with VTT we were able to safely increase

the amount of sawdust in the fuel blend.

Ari AnttilaPower plant managerFortum Power and Heat Oyj

cASe: lAhTi eneRgiA oyLahti Energia Oy is a Finnish energy company and a global pioneer in ad-vanced gasification-based Waste-to-Energy (WtE) technology. The compa-ny’s gasification power plant converts 250 000 metric tons of energy waste to electricity and heat on an annual basis, generating 50 MW of electricity and 90 MW of heat. VTT has researched and developed gasification together with Lahti Energia. Without our support, Lahti Energia would not have proceed-ed with gasification in the way that they did.

VTT was one of our key gasification project partners

in the ‘90s, and we continue to rely on their expertise in building our new gasification-based WtE plant project.

Jukka manskinen Production director Lahti Energia Oy

AddiTionAl inFoRmATion

pasi Vainikka Key Account Manager+358 40 582 5987 pasi.vainikka@vtt.fi

SwiTching FRom FoSSil To BioFuelS• Direct fuel replacement • Switching fuel based on advanced

conversion technologies (gasification, pyrolysis, etc.)

• Biofuels for engine applications

BiomASS And AdVAnced wASTe To eneRgy conVeRSion TechnologieS• Combustion • Gasification • Pyrolysis • Numerical process modelling (CFD, etc.)

inTegRATed concepTS• Energy (heat and electricity)• Liquid, gaseous and solid biofuels • Bio chemicals

Photos: VTT, MW Power

THE VTT OFFERING

From biomass to next generation fuels

AdVAnced conVeRSion TechnologieS• Combustion • Gasification • Pyrolysis • Fermentation • Numerical modelling of processes

(CFD, etc.)

Enabling efficient conversionBiomass and waste to fuel, power and heat

Fuel pRoducTion, pRoceSSing And Supply chAin• Raw material production, processing

and logistics • Biomass reception and pre-

treatment• Solid biomass fuel supply chains;

international markets and business expertise

inTegRATed concepTS• Energy (heat and electricity)• Liquid biofuels• Gaseous biofuels • Solid biofuels • Bio chemicals

VTT has developed deep expertise in the cost-efficient conversion of bio-mass to biofuels. Our focus is on sus-tainable non-food materials like wood chips, forest residue, straw and other lignocellulosic raw materials. Our prov-en technologies include both thermal and biotechnical conversion routes to next generation biofuels for the ener-gy sector. Our latest development is a solid torrefied wood-derived biofuel to replace coal in pulverized coal boilers.

VTT offers cost-effective, tested plug-and-play biomass conversion technolo-gies ready to be tailored to your specific needs. We bring fresh, unbiased think-ing and years of experience to your development and implementation pro-cess.

THE VTT OFFERING

case: nse BIofuels oyVTT recently participated in the devel-opment of a process to convert forest biomass to liquid (BtL) transportation fuels. The project was a collaboration with NSE Biofuels Oy, a company jointly owned by Neste Oil Oyj, a global trans-portation fuel refiner and marketer, and Stora Enso Oyj, the global rethinker of the paper, biomaterials, wood products and packaging industry.

Our role was to carry out R&D activities in the area of gasification, gas filtration and the reforming of tars and hydrocar-bon gases. We also brought our signifi-cant expertise in gasification and gas cleaning to bear.

Collaboration with VTT in development and

demonstration of BtL process has been very successful and it has significantly added value of the overall process concept.

lars-peter lindfors Senior Vice President Neste Oil OyjTechnology and Strategy

SwiTching FRom FoSSil To BioFuelS• Advanced conversion technologies

(gasification, pyrolysis, etc.)• Biofuels for heat and power

production• Biofuels for engine applications

case: fortum power and heat oyFortum Power and Heat Oy is con-structing the first integrated (pyrolysis) bio oil production plant in the world at their Joensuu CHP-plant in Finland. Bio oil will be used to replace fossil fuels in heat production. VTT is a trusted part-ner in this industrial demonstration.

VTT’s role in our research consortium has been crucial.

Their long experience and world class competence in fast pyrolysis has enabled a fast track from research to demonstration.

Jukka heiskanen Head of R&D, Heat DivisionFortum Power and Heat Oy

case: upm BIoVerno & VolkswagenUPM, VTT and VV-Auto Group (Volk-swagen) will start fleet tests of renew-able domestic diesel. Biofuel will be produced by UPM, fleet tests will be co-ordinated by VTT and cars will be sup-plied by VV-Auto Group. Fleet tests with UPM BioVerno will start in May 2013, lasting several months. UPM BioVerno diesel has previously been studied in engine and vehicle tests conducted by VTT amongst others. The fleet tests will focus on investigating UPM renewable diesel in terms of fuel functionality in engine, emissions and fuel consump-tion. The fleet tests are a part of a larger project coordinated by VTT. The goal of this project is to encourage companies to commercialise renewable energy so-lutions in traffic.

We are very happy to collaborate with renowned

partners in the fleet tests, with sustainable development being the common denominator for us.

petri kukkonen Biofuels Vice President UPM-Kymmene Oy

AddiTionAl inFoRmATion

matti nieminenKey Account Manager+358 40 544 2262matti.nieminen@vtt.fi

cold climATe SoluTionS FoR wind TuRBineS • Ice prevention systems • Cold climate instrumentation and

measurement • Loads and performance in icing

conditions (onshore & offshore)

cold climate wind power

gRid And eneRgy SySTem inTegRATion STudieS• Grid, smart grid and system

integration • Short term production forecast

modelling• Market insight and road mapping

SimulATion-BASed deSign And expeRimenTAl FAciliTieS• Wind assessment and wind farm

optimisation • Turbine design and performance

field and research facilities• Assessment of the effect of wind

power plants on radar

Increasing availabilityIce Prevention System engineered to perform in icing conditions

In cold climates, wind turbine icing can cause production losses, reduce turbine lifetime and result in ice throw—a safety hazard. VTT has put 20 years of cold climate wind energy experience into practice and engineered a unique tech-nology: the VTT Ice Prevention System. The System increases turbine avail-ability and allows for safe wind power production, even in the harshest winter conditions. The VTT Ice Prevention Sys-tem for wind turbines has proven to be the most effective and reliable solution in the world for ensuring continuity in cold climate wind power generation.

Offshore wind energy generation comes with its own set of cold climate chal-lenges. To date, sea ice load has imped-

ed the launch of offshore wind produc-tion in cold climates due to concerns surrounding structural performance. VTT has developed a reliable analy-sis toolkit for the optimisation of wind turbine structural performance in icing conditions. Conceptual studies, under-taken with the right tools for analysis, are the basis for cost-effective and re-liable design of offshore wind turbine foundations and sub-structures.

We bring fresh thinking and deep expe-rience to the table, and collaborate in a technology-agnostic atmosphere that favours the best solution rather than proprietary technology. We will also ac-celerate your development and imple-mentation process.

cASe: ice pReVenTion SySTemA wind farm investor approaches VTT for assistance in avoiding loss of rev-enue in their existing or planned wind farm, or a turbine manufacturer ap-proaches VTT for assistance with the development and implementation of an Ice Prevention System for wind turbine blades. VTT starts by performing a fea-sibility study together with the client. Af-ter feasibility has been proven, the next step involves a pilot implementation of the system including a follow-up project for certification and optimisation, and li-censing of the technology.

THE VTT OFFERING

TRAck RecoRd:• First commercial installation in 1996• Scalable from 220kW to 3MW• Developed for 5 turbine models from 3 turbine manufacturers• Installed on 10 wind farms in Finland and Sweden• Operational in >50 turbines, totalling >100 MW

FuTuRe innoVATiVe SoluTionS• Preventive condition monitoring and

service life assessment• Using shape memory alloys for

active blade profile control

AddiTionAl inFoRmATion

geert-Jan BlueminkKey Account Manager+358 40 550 0461geert-jan.bluemink@vtt.fi

Copyright VTT (photo by A. Vignaroli)

nuclear power and spent fuel final disposal

plAnT liFe mAnAgemenT • Structural integrity of reactor circuit

and structures • Material performance • Ageing management• Long-term operation

Enhancing safetyPresent and future nuclear reactors and waste disposal

Thanks to VTT’s contribution, we have managed to develop

a reliable system to ensure the safety of disposal canisters.

Tiina Jalonen Manager, Technology development Posiva Oy

Photo: Posiva Oy

cASe: poSiVA oyOnly three countries have a fixed solu-tion for spent nuclear fuel disposal, and Finland is one of them. Posiva Oy is re-sponsible for the final disposal of spent nuclear fuel in Finland and relies on VTT for our expertise in developing disposal systems. VTT and Posiva have jointly developed inspection procedures, best practises and methods for the final disposal of canisters. Posiva will com-mence subterranean disposal opera-tions in 2020.

cASe: STukSTUK, the Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority Finland, chose VTT to provide key technical support on safety analy-ses and material testing during con-struction of the first European Pressu-rised Water Reactor (EPR). Olkiluoto 3 (OL3) is being constructed so as to be able to cope with, among other things, severe core meltdowns and the effects of a large aircraft crash.

VTT’s multidisciplinary research capabilities and

technical competence have provided important background information for STUK’s safety assessments and decision making in the Olkiluoto 3 licensing effort.

petteri TiippanaDirector, Nuclear Reactor Regulation STUK

nucleAR ReAcToR SAFeTy AnAlySeS And licenSing SuppoRT• Fuel and reactor physics• Thermal hydraulics• Accident and transient analyses• Severe accident management• Probabilistic risk analyses (PRA)• Radiological impact and emergency

preparedness• Structural safety and material

performance• Automation and control room• Organization safety culture and

human factor

nucleAR wASTe mAnAgemenT And diSpoSAl• Modelling for post-closure safety

assessment • Encapsulation and disposal

technology development • Disposal system and component

examination technologies• Site characterisation and evaluation • Operational safety of fuel & waste

management and transport

THE VTT OFFERING

VTT has extensive expertise in many aspects of nuclear energy production and waste disposal. We help our clients identify and mitigate risk. Our services include nuclear safety analyses and licensing support, plant life manage-ment, nuclear waste management, and next generation nuclear technologies. Over several decades our nuclear sec-tor R&D team has focused closely on power plant technology and safety, as well as nuclear waste management. Our state-of-the-art waste management and disposal system solutions include engi-neered and natural repository barrier performance analyses for geological disposal, and engineered safety bar-rier solutions. We also help to ensure the integrity of the containment struc-ture by simulating aircraft impacts and developing safety structures for impact loadings.

VTT provides contract research and custom solutions to nuclear regulators and industry players worldwide. Our customers tell us that our collaborative approach to problem solving adds val-ue in a number of ways. It adds highly qualified and experienced members to

their teams, brings several decades of research to bear in overcoming chal-lenges, offers plug-and-play technolo-gies and solutions, and accelerates the development and implementation pro-cess.

Photo: TVO/Hannu Huovila

nexT geneRATion nucleAR TechnologieS• Modelling of reactor core neutronics• Accident and transient analyses• New nuclear materials and

performance• Fusion technology: • Plasma physics and modelling • First wall materials • Remote operation maintenance

technologies

AddiTionAl inFoRmATion

ilona lindholmKey Account Manager+358 40 593 8679ilona.lindholm@vtt.fi

cASe: TeolliSuuden VoimA oyJ, TVoTVO has supplied electricity in a safe and reliable manner in Olkiluoto island in Finland for more than 30 years. To-day TVO has two operating nuclear power units (OL1 and OL2), one under construction (OL3) and one in bidding process (OL4). VTT is a valued R&D partner in TVO's R&D challenges cov-ering all aspects from maintenance to modernisation and licensing.

VTT has solutions and com-petent people in wide multi-

technological areas. In particular their expertise in APROS integra-tion system has given us important support in upgrading and improving performance of our operating plant units and also valuable support for licensing of new units.

Liisa Heikinheimo Development Manager TVO

Developing low-carbon futureMaximised efficiency with minimal emissions

Advanced coal technologiesAt VTT we have taken the dilemma that utilities and power plants face with coal and turned it into an opportunity to sup-port industry with more efficient coal combustion technologies. Our solu-tions are based on our unique capabili-ties in flexible fluidized bed combustion technology. We combine coal combus-tion with locally sourced fuels such as wood and straw waste as well as mining residues in air- or oxygen-fired power plants. Our experienced research teams and proprietary technologies in this field allow us to customize a solution that

meets specific customer needs. All of our solutions promote maximised effi-ciency and environmental responsibility.

Investments in customized fluidized bed combustion technology are quickly repaid through higher efficiency, flexible operation, low emissions and high plant availability. Combining coal with local-ly sourced fuels such as biomass and mining residues are a cost-effective, en-vironmental solution for air- or oxygen-fired power plants.

mwh

cARBon cApTuRe And SToRAge pRoceSS mAnAgemenT• Carbon dioxide capture, purification,

transport and storage • Studying the feasibility of carbon

capture and storage

THE VTT OFFERING

cASe: FlexiBuRnTime dependent process model was built up for the commercial scale Flexi-Burn CFB (Circulating Fluidized Bed) plant including ASU (Air Separation Unit), boiler island and CPU (CO2 Pro-cessing Unit) to confirm the dynamical behaviour of the plant with CCS (Car-bon Capture and Storage)) and to de-velop and optimize control strategies, upper level controls, and operational practises. The model performance was tested by simulating load changes and transitions between air and oxy modes.

Evaluating operation and control strategies, dynamic

simulation of the integrated oxyfuel CFB power plant with CCS is essential to guarantee high availability combined with high efficiency and safe operation.

dr. Jenö kovacsSenior Research Engineer Foster Wheeler Energia Oy

AddiTionAl inFoRmATion

Jani lehtoKey Account Manager+358 40 830 4435jani.lehto@vtt.fi

co2

oxyFuel comBuSTion• Circulating fluidised bed• Chemical looping combustion

concepT And TechnologydeVelopmenT• Carbon capture applications:

combined heat and power plants, condensing power plants, and the steel industry

• Switching from fossil fuel to bio fuel - Direct fuel replacement

• Fuel switches based on advanced conversion technologies (gasification, pyrolysis, etc.)

improving performancePlant components and materials

fuel cell technology deVelopment• Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) system

development• SOFC STACK development• Polymer electrode fuel cells (PEMFC)

materials and components• Biobattery• PEMFC and Hydrogen Quality

materIal performance• Characterisation of materials under service conditions• Effect of damage mechanisms & defects on condition and life• Non-destructive evaluation (NDE), inspection qualification and simulation• Life assessment for power plants

new TechnicAl oppoRTuniTieS

IntellIgent solutIons for photoVoltaIc• Cost effective manufacturing

techniques• New products, such as organic

photovoltaics (OPV)

small and medIum sIze chp• New fuel alternatives• Gasification and engine based CHP

technologies• Modelling and simulation tools

maximising valueEnergy for the well-being of the society

transport• Energy efficient vehicles• Electric vehicles• Intelligent transport system

Industry• Energy efficiency in process industry• Energy efficiency in manufacturing

industry• Refinement of raw material and

sidestreams

BuIldIngs and dIstrIcts• Urban planning• Energy-efficient buildings and districts• Performance of buildings and built

environment

condItIon, lIfe monItorIng and support for assetmanagement• Monitoring of operational conditions and material response• Failure assessment and prevention• Asset management

structural IntegrIty analyses• Non-linear dynamic time-dependent numerical analyses and simulations• Numerical analysis and fluid-structure interaction

component technology• Joining and coating techniques• Development of materials for emerging energy technologies

innovating small scale powerSmall and medium scale power production

eneRgy eFFiciency SoluTionS

other energy technologies

opeRATion And mAinTenAnce SoluTionS

Additional information: matti nieminen, Key Account Manager

Additional information: Jussi manninen, Principal Scientist

Additional information: ari koskinen, Team Leader

E-mail addresses: name.lastname@vtt.fi

your partner in concept and technology development

Photo: Antonin Halas

smart energy Value chaIn

VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland is Northern Europe’s most significant multi-technological applied research organisa-tion. With a staff of over three thousand, unique research facilities and an exten-sive global industry network, we provide cutting-edge technological solutions and innovative services to private enterprise and government, both domestically and abroad. We work to enhance our custom-ers’ competitiveness and expertise, creat-ing the basis for sustainable development, employment and a high quality of life for all.

VTT’s research and innovation strategy 2020 focuses on creating value from sus-tainability. The strategy focuses on six ar-eas of research and technology develop-ment—VTT technologies—that address societal challenges while focusing on new business opportunities: bioeconomy, low carbon and smart energy, peoples’ wellbe-ing, resource-efficient industries, a clean globe (a VTT vision of a clean world, good life and sustainable economy) and the dig-ital world.

Our research in low carbon and smart energy spans many fields, including bio-energy processes and concept solutions, waste-to-energy conversion technologies, wind power and nuclear safety as well as fuel cell, advanced coal technologies and solar energy solutions.

BIoenergy nuclear power

Technology and market foresight • Strategic research • Product and service development • IPR and licensing • Assessments, testing, inspection, certification • Technology and innovation management • Technology partnership

wInd power adVanced coaltechnologIes

Additional information: www.vtt.fi/energy

Vtt – your partner in concept and technology development